The heat pump market is now growing faster, aided by carbon emission reduction goals and the availability of more renewable energy sources. In this presentation, held in March 2020 at Forum Wentylacja in Warsaw, CAREL presents its control solutions.

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Sergio Maria Capanelli
3 March 2020
CAREL & Heat Pumps:
a natural refrigerant solution

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Introduction
In the residential heating and cooling segment, the recent F-Gas and Energy
Labelling regulations are becoming the basis for choosing increasingly efficient
solutions with a low environmental impact. It is ever more necessary to design
flexible solutions for the heat pump market, with products that meet the main
demands in this sector:
• High seasonal efficiency (SCOP)
• Use of natural refrigerants
• Reduced energy consumption
• Compatibility with F-gas, Ecodesign and Energy labelling regulations

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F-gas: overview
1. Restrictions: based on the GWP of the refrigerant.
2. Leak checking: the frequency depends on the tonnes of CO2 equivalents.
3. Quota: quantities of HFCs, expressed in CO2 equivalents, that producers and
importers of HFCs are entitled to place on the market according to the phase-down
steps.
CO2 equivalents = Mass of refrigerant × GWP
Example: If the charge is 2.4 kg of R-410A (GWP=2088):
2.4 × 2088 = 5000 kg of CO2 equivalents = 5 tonnes of CO2 equivalents

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F-gas: quotas
Compared to average
EU HFC consumption
2009-2012

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F-gas: quotas

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F-gas: refrigerant prices
Q2 2017 Q2 2018 Q2 2019 NOW (Q3 2019)
GWP €/kg €/kg €/kg €/kg
R-404A 3922 18 55 50 36
R-410A 2088 10 59 34 29
R-134a 1430 8 36 26 17
R-448A 1273 22 35 31 30
R-32 675 8 13 15 15
R-452B 675 - 33 33 33
R-1234ze 7 24 24 26 27
R-1234yf 4 109 90 86 79
R-290 3 6 6 6 6
R-744 1 1 3 3 3
Italy (approximate prices)

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CAREL solution
DC Residential HP is the solution that
CAREL proposes to support manufaacturers
in the construction of heat pumps for
residential applications: a software solution
that integrates the c.pCO platform of
programmable controllers, the Power+ family
of drivers for DC compressors, EEV
technology, pressure and temperature
sensors and the pGDX touch control
interfaces.

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CAREL solution
c.pCO platform
• Programmable controller for different needs: different
layouts, local connectivity, power supply, EEV driver
• SW solutions for residential HP that are easy to use and customise
• IoT platform available for cloud services, remote and local connectivity
pLD | pGD | pGDX
• LCD, LED, graphic displays in monochrome or 4.3” 65k colours
• pGDX Runtime with dedicated HMI for Residential HP software
• Optional T/H sensors and built-in Wi-Fi gateway

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CAREL solution
ExV-F: unipolar EEV for OEM
• Compatible for use with natural refrigerants
• Hermetic welded versions to reduce refrigerant leaks
• Highly-precise control and wide range of sizes
for scalable applications
Pressure transducers (SPKT / SPKS)
• Compatible with natural refrigerant use
• Precise measurement and high EMC immunity
• Available in screw-on and welded version, for different
requirements in terms of admissible leakage levels

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CAREL solution
Power+
• Designed specifically to drive DC compressors
• Class B FW, models compliant with IEC60079-15:2010
• Selection of tested compressors operating
with natural refrigerants
CAREL works together with the main compressor brands to support our customers’
developments, with significant focus on compressors for low-GWP and natural
refrigerants.
Mitsubishi SIAM
• APB series (R290)
• TPB series (R290)
Toshiba
• DY series (R744)
• RY series (R744)

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CAREL solution
Appliances shall be constructed so that any leaked refrigerant will not flow or stagnate so as to cause a fire or
explosion hazard in areas within the appliance and connected ducts where electrical components, which could
be a source of ignition and which could function under normal conditions or in the event of a leak, are fitted.
These components shall comply with one of the following:
Enclosure that
complies with Clause
20 of IEC 60079-
15:2010
Test described in annex FF, which
demonstrates that a potentially
flammable gas mixture will not
accumulate
Compliance with
Clause 16 to 22 of
IEC 60079-15:2010
Requirements for components with flammable refrigerants (A2, A2L and A3):

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CAREL Power Solution
CAREL is working with different notified bodies in order to
achieve all the required certifications for the use of our
electronic components with flammable refrigerants.
At the same time, we offer the possibility to work with our
Power Solutions proposal, in order
to fulfil specific requirements for enclosures.
We provide CAREL products with a higher level of
integration, closer to the final application, tested and
designed in order to increase value and customer
satisfaction.
Enclosure that
complies with Clause
20 of IEC 60079-
15:2010

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CAREL Power Solution
Power Solution already includes specific custom
solutions for residential HPs using R290 refrigerant.
We can carry out specific tests on our production line to
guarantee the tightness and protection level required by
the relevant standards.
Please do not hesitate to contact us at our stand for any questions!

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