This document provides an overview of various careers in finance, including investment banking, private equity, venture capital, equity research, broking/trading, banking, insurance, mutual funds/asset management, hedge funds, corporate finance, treasury, and other emerging areas. It describes typical job roles at different levels for each of these career paths and outlines the key responsibilities and functions within each area of finance. Sample job descriptions, career journeys, and tips for resumes and interviews are also included.
This PPT is about career opportunities in the field of banking & finance. You will also learn about the overview of banking sector in India along with various key organizations and available job roles for management graduates.
Cover Story What Flipkart can learn from TCS
Corporate Credit Forfaiting
Business Trivia Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited
Visual Facts Sensex, Gold, Crude, Dollar, MCX Metal & MCX Agri
This PPT is about career opportunities in the field of banking & finance. You will also learn about the overview of banking sector in India along with various key organizations and available job roles for management graduates.
Cover Story What Flipkart can learn from TCS
Corporate Credit Forfaiting
Business Trivia Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited
Visual Facts Sensex, Gold, Crude, Dollar, MCX Metal & MCX Agri
Investment Banking: The Dream Begins is for people who want to understand value. This book can help you get your arms around the many tasks and variables involved in effective valuation of a company and help you decide what kind of help you should enlist to complete a deal.
The presentation provides overview of the Banking sector targetting to a fresh batch of MBA (Finance) students. It gives an understanding of
- foreign banks, their presence and how they are constituted in India
- Types of LOBs
- a typical LOB structure
- Banking sector in India
- Entry Level roles in India, and career selection
- Top 10 things to expect on day 1 and five things not to expect on day 1
ICICI Securities Primary Dealership Limited. ... ICICI Securities is a SEBI registered Category I Merchant Banker and a pioneer of numerous innovative practices in Indian Investment banking space.
This report is basically a idea about the about share market and the investors attitude toward share market which helps to get knowledge about trade in share market.
Joseph Stone Capital ! Joseph Stone Capital Reviews - Investment Banking.pdfJoseph Stone Capital
"Joseph Stone Capital, LLC has upheld a culture of powerful philosophies and unique
monetary strategies for our clients. We continue to strive to exceed the demands of the investment industry with valuable insight and financial guidance while taking the time to understand your individual needs and what matters most to you."
Investment Banking: The Dream Begins is for people who want to understand value. This book can help you get your arms around the many tasks and variables involved in effective valuation of a company and help you decide what kind of help you should enlist to complete a deal.
The presentation provides overview of the Banking sector targetting to a fresh batch of MBA (Finance) students. It gives an understanding of
- foreign banks, their presence and how they are constituted in India
- Types of LOBs
- a typical LOB structure
- Banking sector in India
- Entry Level roles in India, and career selection
- Top 10 things to expect on day 1 and five things not to expect on day 1
ICICI Securities Primary Dealership Limited. ... ICICI Securities is a SEBI registered Category I Merchant Banker and a pioneer of numerous innovative practices in Indian Investment banking space.
This report is basically a idea about the about share market and the investors attitude toward share market which helps to get knowledge about trade in share market.
Joseph Stone Capital ! Joseph Stone Capital Reviews - Investment Banking.pdfJoseph Stone Capital
"Joseph Stone Capital, LLC has upheld a culture of powerful philosophies and unique
monetary strategies for our clients. We continue to strive to exceed the demands of the investment industry with valuable insight and financial guidance while taking the time to understand your individual needs and what matters most to you."
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Investment Banking vs. Hedge Fund vs. Private Equity.pdfSG Analytics
Investment banking, hedge funds, and private equity are all part of investment research that deal with money management, but they operate in different ways and serve other purposes. In this article, let us analyze the key differences and similarities between these three industries and discuss the career paths and opportunities available in each one.
Are you troubled by the endless assignments? Here is the solution that you have been looking for the coursework help. My Assignment Services is here with the team of experts to guide you through the thick and thins you face in your assignment. We are the brand that supports you with almost all the subjects that you need help with. With us, you receive the best assignment help for all the different assignment types. The experts are well-experienced and know each aspect of the topic that you need help with.
An individual or an organization needs to manage its wealth well. Although, there are varied economic counsellors, for an organization, a financial analyst provides in-depth and logical inputs and reports to decision makers for a favourable economic outcome. Essentially, he researches macro and micro economic situations, with multiple economic inputs, such as company fundamentals, governmental policies, industry trends, business cycles and competitive environment to make business related industry recommendations. Usually, the financial analysts analyses multiple economic parameters and recommends a view on the likely performance of a company's stock. These stock reports could be based on technical or fundamental analysis.
Securities Firms and Investment Banks.docxjeffreye3
Securities Firms and Investment Banks
Securities Firms and Investment Banks (IBs)
Investment banks (IBs) help corporations and governments raise capital through debt and equity security issues in the primary market
Underwriting is assisting in issuing new securities
IBs also advise on mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and corporate restructuring
Securities firms assist in the trading of securities in secondary markets
Broker-dealers assist in the trading of existing securities
2
Investment bankers assist borrowers in raising capital in debt and equity markets and provide advice about mergers and acquisitions, corporate restructuring and general assistance in finance. Bankers also provide many creative over the counter derivative products. Securities firms provide brokerage and market making services. The investment banking and securities industries are complementary and many firms provide a broad range of services. Some specialized entities with advantages in certain market niches remain less diversified. The industry underwent tremendous consolidation in the last decade due to increasing scale and scope economies and the need for greater capital. The face of the industry was changed forever during the financial crisis of 2007-2008 with forced buyouts of Merrill-Lynch and Bear-Stearns, failure of Lehman Brothers and Goldman-Sachs and Morgan Stanley becoming commercial banks. Nevertheless, working for many of these firms is often considered the penultimate finance career, with prestige and remuneration to match. With industry profits down, firms on the Street are having a difficult time maintaining their large salaries and bonuses. A very significant portion of profits are paid out in the form of remuneration to executives. The chapter presents an overview of the size of the industry and the general strategies of the participants, major activities, primary assets and liabilities on the balance sheet, recent in the news events concerning breaches of ethics and the trend toward globalization.
Size, Structure and Composition of Industry
The size of the industry is usually measured by the equity capital of firms rather than total asset size
Equity capital in the industry in 2015 was $235 billion
The number of firms in the industry changed due to economies of scale and scope, losses with the economy, scandals at some firms, and regulations that allowed both inter- and intra-industry mergers
5,248 firms in 1980
9,515 firms in 1987
6,016 firms in 2006
4,115 firms in 2016
As with commercial banks, consolidation has largely occurred through mergers and acquisitions
.
Securities Firms and Investment Banks.docxkenjordan97598
Securities Firms and Investment Banks
Securities Firms and Investment Banks (IBs)
Investment banks (IBs) help corporations and governments raise capital through debt and equity security issues in the primary market
Underwriting is assisting in issuing new securities
IBs also advise on mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and corporate restructuring
Securities firms assist in the trading of securities in secondary markets
Broker-dealers assist in the trading of existing securities
2
Investment bankers assist borrowers in raising capital in debt and equity markets and provide advice about mergers and acquisitions, corporate restructuring and general assistance in finance. Bankers also provide many creative over the counter derivative products. Securities firms provide brokerage and market making services. The investment banking and securities industries are complementary and many firms provide a broad range of services. Some specialized entities with advantages in certain market niches remain less diversified. The industry underwent tremendous consolidation in the last decade due to increasing scale and scope economies and the need for greater capital. The face of the industry was changed forever during the financial crisis of 2007-2008 with forced buyouts of Merrill-Lynch and Bear-Stearns, failure of Lehman Brothers and Goldman-Sachs and Morgan Stanley becoming commercial banks. Nevertheless, working for many of these firms is often considered the penultimate finance career, with prestige and remuneration to match. With industry profits down, firms on the Street are having a difficult time maintaining their large salaries and bonuses. A very significant portion of profits are paid out in the form of remuneration to executives. The chapter presents an overview of the size of the industry and the general strategies of the participants, major activities, primary assets and liabilities on the balance sheet, recent in the news events concerning breaches of ethics and the trend toward globalization.
Size, Structure and Composition of Industry
The size of the industry is usually measured by the equity capital of firms rather than total asset size
Equity capital in the industry in 2015 was $235 billion
The number of firms in the industry changed due to economies of scale and scope, losses with the economy, scandals at some firms, and regulations that allowed both inter- and intra-industry mergers
5,248 firms in 1980
9,515 firms in 1987
6,016 firms in 2006
4,115 firms in 2016
As with commercial banks, consolidation has largely occurred through mergers and acquisitions
.
This is a primer guide on angel investment clubs developed for CBEiD, Center for Business Education, Innovation and Development. The goal of this document is to educate Chicago area people of business, educational and government affluence on the benefits, methods and organizational benefits of angel investment clubs. The goal is to encourage people of wealth and influence to participate and support angel investment clubs in order to help spur entrepreneurial endeavors in the Chicago area.
Study on Mutual Fund is the Better Investment PlanProjects Kart
Mutual funds have become a hot favorite of millions of people all over the world. The driving force of mutual fund is the ‘safety of the principal’ guaranteed, plus the added advantage of capital appreciation together with the income earned in the form of interest or dividend. People prefer Mutual Funds to bank deposits, life insurance and even bond because with a little money, they can get into the investment game. One can own string blue chips like ITC, TISCO, Reliance etc., through mutual funds. Thus, mutual funds act as a gateway to enter into big companies hitherto inaccessible to an ordinary investor with his small investment.
Browse what a private equity analyst is and learn about private equity analyst skills, how to improve them, their workplace role, salary and ways to succeed.
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
2.
Careers in Finance 2
Investment Banking 2
Private Equity (PE) 3
Venture Capital (VC) 3
Equity Research 4
Broking/Trading 5
Banking 5
Insurance 6
Mutual Funds/Asset Management 6
Hedge Funds 7
Corporate Finance 7
Treasury 7
Other Finance Careers - Microfinance & Fintech 8
Role Overview 9
Roles in Investment Banking 9
Roles in Private Equity/Venture Capital 9
Roles in Equity Research 10
Roles in Insurance 10
Roles in Mutual Funds/Hedge Funds 11
Roles in Corporate Finance/Treasury 11
Roles in other finance careers 11
Sample Job Descriptions 13
Real work samples 17
Key Success Factors 19
Career Journeys 20
Leveraging MBA - Projects & Electives 22
Resume & Interview Tips 23
Resume - Key points 23
Interview - Key points 23
Sample Interview Questions 23
Resources 25
1
3.
Careers in Finance
Finance is one of the most important functions in any organization, since it enables businesses
to grow. Several finance functions are specialized and are typically carried out by specific firms
and individuals. Careers in finance can be in the following areas:
Investment
Banking
Equity
Research
Banking Mutual
Funds / Asset
Management
Corporate
Finance
Wealth
Management
PE/VC Broking/
Trading
Insurance Hedge Funds Treasury Other Fin.
Careers
A career in any of the above areas needs good understanding of financial statements, financial
analysis, financial modeling, business strategy, competition, economics and markets and
customers. The following sections outline the typical functions of the above areas of finance:
Investment Banking
Investment banks help organizations with
transactions and financing. Typically they would
❏ Provide advise of all kinds of
transactions such as mergers,
acquisitions, sales, leveraged buyouts,
spin-offs, joint ventures, divestitures,
restructuring to companies, government
and financial institutions
❏ Underwrite new debt & equity securities
❏ Facilitate M&A & restructuring
❏ Trade for institutions and private
investors
❏ Advise on risk management
2
4.
Private Equity (PE)
Private Equity firms raise funds from
investors (called as limited partners (LPs))
such as insurance companies, endowment
funds, pension funds, fund of funds, high
networth individuals and families and invest
these funds in companies which are typically
not publicly traded. PE firms raise funds for
specific investment categories.
PE firms charge a ‘carry’ (industry standard
is 2%) and also charge the investors ‘share of
profits’ (also called ‘super carry’ , typically
around 20%). The share of profits kicks in at
the ‘hurdle rate’, which is the minimum
return rate which has to be earned, before PE
firm is entitled to profits.
PE firms help large companies with
❏ Large amounts of capital
❏ Active involvement towards growth with connects from influential partners
❏ High returns - Since PE firms have to provide high returns to their investors, they help
companies with connects
Typical deals done by PE firms are leveraged buyouts, growth capital, mezzanine funding etc.
Venture Capital (VC)
Venture Capital (VC) firms operate in a similar fashion to PE firms. They however invest in early
stage ventures and the investment size is smaller than the PE firms. Most active lead investors,
3
5.
as per Crunchbase is mentioned here:
Equity Research
Equity Research firms analyse companies based on
fundamentals and provide buy/sell/hold recommendations to
institutional and individual investors. Investment banks,
institutions, clients use this research for their investments.
Typical equity research report would include:
❏ Industry outlook
❏ Management overview
❏ Historical financial results and ratio analysis
❏ Forecasting of financials
❏ Valuation
❏ Recommendation
4
6.
Broking/Trading
Brokers/Traders buy/sell securities, bonds,
forex, commodities, derivatives and other
financial instruments, on the behalf of clients.
While traders trade on behalf of brokers or
institutions, brokers are also responsible to
get more clients, engage them and manage
their portfolios as well.
In broking/trading technological changes are
happening very swiftly and one needs to be
aware about these. For example, Zerodha is
one of the latest entrants in the brokerage
industry and it already has 10% of daily retail
trading volumes across NSE/BSE/MCX.
Banking
Banks typically accept deposits from
individuals and institutions and lend to
individuals and institutions. Banks earn their
revenues based on the difference between the
interest rates of deposits and loans.
Typically banks have retail and corporate
functions, wherein retail deals with
individuals while corporate deals with
institutions. Banks are very important to the
entire financial industry.
Several roles in sales, project financing,
operations etc are available across banks for
MBA students.
5
7.
Insurance
Insurance helps in protecting against losses.
Insurance is available for losses due to death,
health, car, travel, retirement, home,
investments etc.
Roles in the insurance industry include Sales,
Underwriting, Claims and Actuary.
Mutual Funds/Asset Management
Mutual Funds help investors to invest in
securities in a diversified manner. It also
provides better liquidity and is managed by
professionals.
Mutual Funds have several types of funds,
based on the investors’ risk taking ability.
Roles in Mutual Funds could be in sales and
portfolio management.
6
8.
Hedge Funds
Hedge funds are similar to Mutual Funds, however these have very aggressive investment
strategies. These hedge risks and try to get good returns through specific investment strategies.
These generally invest in liquid assets. Hedge funds cannot take investments from general public
; only private investors with high risk appetite can invest in hedge funds. Hedge funds charge 2%
as fixed fees and 20% of profits as success fees.
Corporate Finance
Corporate finance professionals enable maximising shareholder value through long term and
short term financial planning. Responsibilities for this role include:
❏ Planning financial requirements
❏ Raising funds in effective manner
❏ Investing funds in assets
❏ Monitoring capital allocation and RoI
❏ Working capital management
This role includes all finance function with respect to the specific organization. This is a critical
role in the corporate setup. Typically all large organizations would have an entire corporate
finance team.
Treasury
Treasury management functions are available in banks as well as corporates. Typical
responsibilities include cash and liquidity management, risk management and corporate
finance.
Treasury departments in banks may include sub-departments for trading securities, bonds and
other financial instruments.
7
9.
Other Finance Careers - Microfinance & Fintech
Microfinance provides finance to unbanked and poor alongwith range of finance products and
services such as savings, insurance, payment services and fund transfers. There are several roles
in this domain such as strategy and operations.
Payment wallets, app based banking and other
technologies have changed the way the
traditional finance works for individuals.
Blockchain is expected to bring about
significant changes in payment mechanisms
and other financial transactions. Careers in
these areas are not yet well carved out,
however, there would be a huge demand for
talented professionals.
8
10.
Role Overview
Roles in Investment Banking
Typical roles in investment banking are mentioned below :
Role Description
Analyst
(Typically
undergrad hires)
❏ Preparation of pitchbooks
❏ Analytical work, financial modeling and research
❏ Coordination activities
Associate
(Typically MBA
hires)
❏ Partly work of analyst
❏ Manage analysts and coordinating between VP & analyst
❏ Working with clients
VP ❏ Lead analysts and associates
❏ Maintain and develop relationships with client
❏ Source deals
Director ❏ Source deals & close them
❏ Strategizing & anticipating deals, deal structures
Managing Director ❏ Lead firm
❏ Develop clients
❏ Strategizing & anticipating deals, deal structures
Roles in Private Equity/Venture Capital
Typical roles in PE/VC are mentioned below :
Role Description
Analyst
(Typically
undergrad hires)
❏ Prospecting for investee companies
❏ Initial analysis & creating presentations for senior management
Associate
(Typically MBA
❏ Screening of deals
❏ Managing advisors such as investment bankers, lawyers etc.
9
11.
hires)
VP ❏ Lead execution of deals
❏ Source investments
Director/Managing
Director
❏ Strategy - Investment focus
❏ Raising investments
Roles in Equity Research
Typical roles in equity research are mentioned below :
Role Description
Associate ❏ Fundamental research
❏ Financial modeling
Analyst ❏ Calls with clients
❏ Recommendations and reports
Senior Analyst ❏ Lead team of associates and analysts for specific industry
Head ❏ Overlook and lead the firm
Roles in Insurance
Typical roles in insurance are mentioned below :
Role Description
Portfolio Manager ❏ Managing the investment portfolio of insurance company
Sales ❏ B2B and B2C sales, marketing
Analytics/ Big
Data/ML
❏ Analytics for effective insurance policies and to personalize
policies as per individual customers
Risk Management ❏ Managing short term and long term risks
BU Head ❏ P&L responsibility
❏ Head of Specific Geography/Specific Insurance Area
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12.
Roles in Mutual Funds/Hedge Funds
Typical roles in insurance are mentioned below :
Role Description
Fund Manager /
Investment Officer
❏ Managing the investment portfolio of Fund
Credit Analyst ❏ Credit analysis of different securities and financial instruments
from an investment perspective
Sales & Marketing ❏ Institutional sales, Marketing
Risk Management ❏ Managing short term and long term risks
Research & Product
Development
❏ Researching investment opportunities
❏ Developing new products
Roles in Corporate Finance/Treasury
Typical roles in corporate finance/treasury are mentioned below :
Role Description
M&A, Investment
Analysis
❏ Sourcing and analysing investment and M&A opportunities
❏ Due diligence and investment monitoring
Financing ❏ Investors & Bank Relationships
❏ Fund raising
Financial Planning,
Working Capital
Management
❏ Managing short and long term financing
❏ Impact of compliances, regulatory requirements on firm’s
financial health
Risk Management ❏ Managing short term and long term risks
Roles in other finance careers
Typical roles in other finance careers:
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13.
❏ Operations - Ensuring financial firm’s operations are smooth
❏ Analytics - Analysing customer data and providing better financial solutions
❏ Sales, Marketing, Business Development - Pitching financial products/services to High
Networth Individuals, Institutions etc.
❏ BU Head/P&L Management - Managing business units
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20.
Key Success Factors
❏ Financial Analysis
❏ Financial Modeling
❏ Understanding of business, industry and economy
❏ Excellent communications
❏ Networking and building relationships
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21.
Career Journeys
Rahul Jain (SPJIMR PGPM alum)
Year Role/Qualification Company/Institute
2007 B.Com Mithibhai College
2008 C.A. ICAI
2007-10 Consultant EY
2010-11 Senior Analyst Barclays
2012-14 Assistant Manager KPMG
2013-14 PGPM
CFA Level 2
SPJIMR
2014-16 Zonal Head, West, Finance &
Corporate Affairs
Ola & Taxiforsure
2016-18 Senior Manager, Corporate Finance Bankerbay
2018-19 VP Finance Locus.sh
https://www.linkedin.com/in/rahul-jain-3305a344/
Yash Bhatnagar (SPJIMR PGPM alum)
Year Role/Qualification Company/Institute
2010 BBA NMIMS
2010-11 Executive Angel Broking
2011-18 Trade Finance Officer | Credit
Manager | Branch Head
Bank of Baroda
2017-18 PGPM SPJIMR
2014-16 Advisor Government & Public Services PwC
https://www.linkedin.com/in/yash-bhatnagar-90294565/
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22.
Manisha Aithal (IIMB EPGP alum)
Year Role/Qualification Company/Institute
2005 Bachelor of Dental Sciences Mumbai University
2005-05 PGDM - Emergency Services Symbiosis
2005-05 Emergency Medical Services Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital
2006-15 Associate Partner to Senior Partner GVK EMRI
2015-16 Task Force Member Karnataka Public Health Policy
2015-16 EPGP IIM Bangalore
2016-
present
Senior Manager Strategy & Finance
EA to CMD/Global Program Director
Enzen Global Solutions
https://www.linkedin.com/in/manishabala/
Ashish Ahuja (IIMA PGPX alum)
Year Role/Qualification Company/Institute
2008 B.Com HR College, Mumbai
2010 C.A. ICAI
2012 M.Com HR College, Mumbai
2005-05 Article Assistant N.J.Zaveri & Company
2014-16 Cofounder Seafood & Meat Co
2015-16 PGPX IIM Ahmedabad
2016-
present
Associate Director Deloitte
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ahujaashish1/
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23.
Leveraging MBA - Projects & Electives
It is very important to leverage MBA experience to showcase to potential recruiters about one’s
interest in the given domain. Especially, when there is no prior relevant experience, projects and
electives during MBA could be of great help to learn about the domain, to be able to speak the
domain language and to excel in the job from the first day itself.
For roles in finance, academic projects on M&A, investment analysis, portfolio management
would be useful. Simulated portfolio management games also help showcase interest and
expertise. It would also be great if one can do a live project with large or small firms.
All available finance electives should be chosen by the student and he/she should try to excel in
the same and should be able to show that on resume.
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24.
Resume & Interview Tips
Resume - Key points
❏ Show ability to do financial modeling - put that at the top of the resume in summary or
somewhere near the summary
❏ Indicate academic, live and industry projects alongwith learnings, impact and takeaways
❏ Show electives with grades (if permitted) to showcase interest
Interview - Key points
Recruiters typically check the following from a competency perspective:
❏ Financial Analysis
❏ Cash flow and valuation
❏ Current affairs
❏ Problem solving
Recruiters also check on behaviour and fit. Typically they look at following competencies
❏ Leadership / Team work
❏ Long hours
❏ Client facing
❏ Why this specific company
❏ Ability to do sales (eventually at senior levels, this is to be done)
Sample Interview Questions
Behavioral and fitment questions
❏ What has been your biggest achievement?
❏ If you have done a finance internship, talk about that.
❏ If you have done finance project, talk about that.
❏ If you have scored highly in a finance course talk about that
❏ Are you willing to relocate?
❏ Answer affirmatively, unless there is a huge concern
❏ Which course did you like/dislike the most
❏ Tell about fin. courses which you had undertaken and which you liked
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25.
❏ About courses, which you disliked - talk about why did the course did not add
value, how it could have been better - be assertive
❏ Questions on ethics
❏ Be firm with your stand that you would always be ethically correct and do the
right thing
❏ Prepare well for these questions
Sample finance related interview questions
❏ Tell me the significance of financial statements
❏ Three statements – P&L, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow
❏ P&L – Operational efficiency, profitability
❏ Balance sheet – Assets, liabilities and capital structure
❏ Cash flow – Enables evaluation of company
❏ What is the difference between FCFF & FCFE
❏ Explain the cash flows to debt & equity holders vis-à-vis just equity holders
❏ Explain the formulas
❏ What is the difference between IRR and ROI
❏ IRR is that rate which makes NPV zero
❏ Considers time value of money
❏ ROI is (Expected value – Original Value)/Original Value
❏ How do you calculate WACC? What is CAPM?
❏ WACC is Weighted Average Cost of Capital
❏ WACC= Cost of Equity * Proportion of Equity + Cost of Debt *Proportion of
Debt*(1-Tax Rate)
❏ Cost of Equity is calculated by CAPM
❏ Cost of Equity = Risk free rate + Beta * Equity Risk Premium
❏ Cost of equity is always higher than cost of debt
❏ Tax shield
❏ Debt is less risky
❏ How do you value a company?
❏ Multiples based
❏ EV/Revenue, EV/EBITDA, EV/EBIT, P/E, P/BV
❏ DCF
❏ When is DCF not used for valuation
❏ Financial Institutions such as banks – since capex, WC and debt are not clearly
defined and these operate under regulations
❏ Volatile cash flows
❏ What makes a good financial model?
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26.
❏ Assumptions
❏ Should be sound, well researched and through through
❏ Should be kept at one place and should be distinctly coloured
❏ Error checks – eg. Balance sheet balances
❏ Dashboard or Output sheet
❏ What is negative working capital? Is it beneficial?
❏ In the restaurant business, customers pay upfront, while suppliers provide 30+
days of credit. Thus, suppliers’ money is helping fuelling growth of company
❏ Online & discount retailers, grocery stores, restaurants, telecom companies
❏ What are the drivers of M&A
❏ Synergies
❏ New markets/geographies
❏ Technology
❏ Drive out competition
❏ What is pre-money and post-money valuation?
❏ Post money = Pre money + Investment received
❏ What are the advantages of doing an IPO?
❏ Increase in capital through large number of investors
❏ Higher liquidity
❏ Exit strategy for founders/initial investors
❏ Disadvantage - Higher regulations
❏ Disadvantage - Focus on quarterly results
❏ Economy related questions – GDP, Growth, regulations
❏ Stock market movements
❏ IL&FS debacle
❏ Banking crisis
❏ Walmart-Flipkart deal; possible Amazon – Future Group deal
❏ Blockchain & financial transactions
Resources
❏ http://aswathdamodaran.blogspot.com/
❏ https://www.investopedia.com/
❏ https://www.wallstreetmojo.com/
❏ https://www.moneycontrol.com/
❏ https://www.wallstreetoasis.com/
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