This document describes a model for analyzing the financial stability of captive finance companies. The model represents funding (F), receivables (R), and payables (P) using variables and constants in a matrix equation. Running the model with different values showed that operating costs greater than 1% of receivables or losses greater than 1% of receivables prevented profitability. Aggressively repaying payables, rather than as necessary, was profitable by creating greater receivables than payables over time. The model is sensitive to relationships between variables and constants but not initial or constant values. Improving the model by breaking components into sub-models and allowing constants to vary could provide more realistic insights.
I have covered the following topics and which Financial instruments should be applied in what situations:
1. Present Value Approach
2. Dividend Discounting model
3. P/E - Profit to Equity Ratio
I hope it should be helpful to all students,professionals who work in capital markets
Leverage Analysis In Financial Management
Leverage is the burden which arises with the presence of fixed cost in business
If a business is leveraged , it means that the firm has borrowed money to finance the purchase of assets
With larger presence of fixed cost profit margins can really get squeezed when the business scenario is not favorable and the sales fall. This adds risk to the stocks of such companies
Conversely, with the same larger presence of fixed cost company would experience magnified profits with increase in sales as the cost level remaining constant
Operating Leverage- It arises with the presence of firm’s fixed operating costs such as salaries, rent, depreciation, utility expense etc.
Financial Leverage- It arises with the presence of firm’s fixed financing costs such as interest expenses on debt and preference shares
Combined Leverage- Product of operating and financial leverage
Formulas for calculation of leverages-
Operating Leverage = Contribution / EBIT
Operating Leverage = % change in EBIT/ % change in sales
Financial Leverage = EBIT/ EBT
Financial Leverage = % change in EPS / % change in EBIT
Combined Leverage = OL * FL
Degree of Combined Leverage = % change in EPS / % change in Sales
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STOCKS, SHARES, EQUITY SHARES, PREFERENCE SHARES, BONDS, DEBENTURES, STOCK VALUATION, FEATURES OF COMMON STOCK, DETERMINING COMMON STOCK VALUES, EFFECTIVE MARKETS, etc.
One of the most popular questions when it comes to buying a car is 'Kitna deti hai’? (What is the mileage of the car?)
Fuel efficiency of the car is calculated as the distance travelled per unit volume of fuel consumed. During heavy traffic the mileage of your car will be less as compared to empty roads. It all depends on the distance covered per litre of fuel consumed. Therefore, the distance travelled is a major factor defining the fuel efficiency of a car.
Better fuel efficiency would mean higher savings while poor fuel efficiency would mean higher expenses.
Here's a lesson on ‘Earnings Per Share’ that draws a similar analogy to fuel efficiency
How To Calculate The Expected Total Return of Any StockSure Dividend
In this presentation, we demonstrate - using an actionable example of Coca-Cola (KO) - how to calculate the expected total return of any stock. The expected total return calculations demonstrated in this presentation are based on business growth, valuation changes, and dividend yield.
In financial markets, stock valuation is the method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks. The main use of these methods is to predict future market prices, or more generally, potential market prices, and thus to profit from price movement – stocks that are judged undervalued (with respect to their theoretical value) are bought, while stocks that are judged overvalued are sold, in the expectation that undervalued stocks will, on the whole, rise in value, while overvalued stocks will, on the whole, fall.
I have covered the following topics and which Financial instruments should be applied in what situations:
1. Present Value Approach
2. Dividend Discounting model
3. P/E - Profit to Equity Ratio
I hope it should be helpful to all students,professionals who work in capital markets
Leverage Analysis In Financial Management
Leverage is the burden which arises with the presence of fixed cost in business
If a business is leveraged , it means that the firm has borrowed money to finance the purchase of assets
With larger presence of fixed cost profit margins can really get squeezed when the business scenario is not favorable and the sales fall. This adds risk to the stocks of such companies
Conversely, with the same larger presence of fixed cost company would experience magnified profits with increase in sales as the cost level remaining constant
Operating Leverage- It arises with the presence of firm’s fixed operating costs such as salaries, rent, depreciation, utility expense etc.
Financial Leverage- It arises with the presence of firm’s fixed financing costs such as interest expenses on debt and preference shares
Combined Leverage- Product of operating and financial leverage
Formulas for calculation of leverages-
Operating Leverage = Contribution / EBIT
Operating Leverage = % change in EBIT/ % change in sales
Financial Leverage = EBIT/ EBT
Financial Leverage = % change in EPS / % change in EBIT
Combined Leverage = OL * FL
Degree of Combined Leverage = % change in EPS / % change in Sales
Thank you for watching
Subscribe to my channel DevTech Finance
STOCKS, SHARES, EQUITY SHARES, PREFERENCE SHARES, BONDS, DEBENTURES, STOCK VALUATION, FEATURES OF COMMON STOCK, DETERMINING COMMON STOCK VALUES, EFFECTIVE MARKETS, etc.
One of the most popular questions when it comes to buying a car is 'Kitna deti hai’? (What is the mileage of the car?)
Fuel efficiency of the car is calculated as the distance travelled per unit volume of fuel consumed. During heavy traffic the mileage of your car will be less as compared to empty roads. It all depends on the distance covered per litre of fuel consumed. Therefore, the distance travelled is a major factor defining the fuel efficiency of a car.
Better fuel efficiency would mean higher savings while poor fuel efficiency would mean higher expenses.
Here's a lesson on ‘Earnings Per Share’ that draws a similar analogy to fuel efficiency
How To Calculate The Expected Total Return of Any StockSure Dividend
In this presentation, we demonstrate - using an actionable example of Coca-Cola (KO) - how to calculate the expected total return of any stock. The expected total return calculations demonstrated in this presentation are based on business growth, valuation changes, and dividend yield.
In financial markets, stock valuation is the method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks. The main use of these methods is to predict future market prices, or more generally, potential market prices, and thus to profit from price movement – stocks that are judged undervalued (with respect to their theoretical value) are bought, while stocks that are judged overvalued are sold, in the expectation that undervalued stocks will, on the whole, rise in value, while overvalued stocks will, on the whole, fall.
UOPFIN370 NEW Education Begins--uopfin370.comclaric235
For more course tutorials visit
www.uopfin370.com
FIN 370 Week 1 Apply: Finance and Financial Statement Analysis Homework Review the Week 1 “Practice: Finance and Financial Statement Analysis Quiz” in Connect®. Complete the Week 1 “Apply: Finance and Financial Statement Analysis Homework” in Connect®. Note: You have only one attempt available to complete this assignment. Grades must be transferred manually to eCampus by
For more classes visit
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1. The term “receivables” refers to
cash to be paid to debtors.
merchandise to be collected from individuals or companies.
cash to be paid to creditors.
amounts due from individuals or companies.
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
1. The term “receivables” refers to
cash to be paid to debtors.
merchandise to be collected from individuals or companies.
cash to be paid to creditors.
amounts due from individuals or companies.
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
1. The term “receivables” refers to
cash to be paid to debtors.
merchandise to be collected from individuals or companies.
cash to be paid to creditors.
amounts due from individuals or companies.
2. Three accounting issues associated with accounts receivable are
depreciating, valuing, and collecting.
depreciating, returns, and valuing.
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
1. The term “receivables” refers to
cash to be paid to debtors.
merchandise to be collected from individuals or companies.
cash to be paid to creditors.
amounts due from individuals or companies.
2. Three accounting issues associated with accounts receivable are
depreciating, valuing, and collecting.
Accrual Accounting And Valuation: Pricing Book ValueRo'ya Abd Elhafez
This chapter has outlined an accrual accounting valuation model that can be applied to
equities, projects, and strategies. The model utilizes information from the balance sheet and
calculates the difference between balance sheet value and intrinsic value from forecasts of
earnings and book values that will be reported in future forecasted income statements and
balance sheets.
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
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Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
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Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
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Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
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2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
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Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
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