Cross-linked acrylic polymers are high molecular weight acrylic acid polymers cross-linked with allyl ethers to form a tightly coiled dry state. When dispersed in water, they uncoil slightly and thicken solutions minimally. Neutralization of carboxylic acid groups causes dramatic uncoiling and thickening at concentrations below 0.5%, making them highly efficient rheology modifiers. They are recommended for use in pharmaceutical, personal care, household, and industrial products and solutions, with different grades available depending on viscosity needs.
This document discusses dental composites, including their:
- History dating back to the 1940s and developments since then
- Composition of a matrix, fillers, and coupling agent
- Classification based on filler size, curing method, area of use, and generations
- Properties including strength, smoothness, and polymerization shrinkage
- Advantages such as esthetics and bond strength, as well as disadvantages like polymerization shrinkage.
The document summarizes information about MIOX and its Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS) technology. In 3 sentences: MIOX produces MOS through an electrolytic process that generates hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide from salt water. MOS is a more effective disinfectant than hypochlorite alone, able to destroy biofilms and reduce disinfection byproducts. MIOX has installed over 2,000 units across 30+ countries treating water, wastewater, pools and other applications.
We' B AND B CO.,LTD' are the specialty Chemical maker in S.Korea. Two main business fields we do.
1. Construction Chemical : Sodium/Calcium Lignosulphonate, Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate(PNS/SNF), Polycarboxylic Copolymer(PC) Superplasticizer, Air Entraining Agent, Sodium Gluconate, Defoamer and other additives
2. Cosmetic Chemical : 1,2-Hexanediol, Octanediol and Pentanediol -Diol series and EHG for Cosmetic Ingredients.
This document summarizes a study on more environmentally friendly wood preservatives and coatings. Researchers tested boron silicates, copperazole, and CCA preservatives as well as varnish, stain, and dye coatings on radiata pine wood. Boron silicates and copperazole showed higher retention rates and less corrosion than CCA. Stain coatings performed best and had lower costs than varnish. Treatment costs were similar for boron silicate and copperazole wood coated with stain, providing environmentally-friendly and cost-effective wood protection alternatives.
The document discusses the Indian paint industry and introduces Vimal Microns Limited and some of their products. It provides an overview of the size and growth of the Indian paint market. It also discusses key characteristics of extenders commonly used in paint like calcium carbonate, talc, silica, and mica. These include properties like particle size, oil absorption, hardness, refractive index, and how they impact paint performance.
Simple methods for forming protein monolayers lab on-a-chip 2013AnteoDx
1. Mix&Go is a novel surface chemistry that uses metal polymers to activate surfaces for protein binding. It forms thin films below 5 nm that allow proteins to bind as mono-layers while maintaining stability and function.
2. Experiments showed that Mix&Go could activate a variety of surfaces for protein binding, including glass, polystyrene, and gold. It formed stable mono-layers of proteins like streptavidin and antibodies.
3. Mix&Go performed better than conventional methods in assays, requiring less capture protein to achieve similar signals. This suggests it forms cleaner mono-layers versus stacked multi-layers with other methods. Mix&Go could enable new biosensor designs requiring stringent protein-surface interfaces.
This document discusses dental composites, including their:
- History dating back to the 1940s and developments since then
- Composition of a matrix, fillers, and coupling agent
- Classification based on filler size, curing method, area of use, and generations
- Properties including strength, smoothness, and polymerization shrinkage
- Advantages such as esthetics and bond strength, as well as disadvantages like polymerization shrinkage.
The document summarizes information about MIOX and its Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS) technology. In 3 sentences: MIOX produces MOS through an electrolytic process that generates hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide from salt water. MOS is a more effective disinfectant than hypochlorite alone, able to destroy biofilms and reduce disinfection byproducts. MIOX has installed over 2,000 units across 30+ countries treating water, wastewater, pools and other applications.
We' B AND B CO.,LTD' are the specialty Chemical maker in S.Korea. Two main business fields we do.
1. Construction Chemical : Sodium/Calcium Lignosulphonate, Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate(PNS/SNF), Polycarboxylic Copolymer(PC) Superplasticizer, Air Entraining Agent, Sodium Gluconate, Defoamer and other additives
2. Cosmetic Chemical : 1,2-Hexanediol, Octanediol and Pentanediol -Diol series and EHG for Cosmetic Ingredients.
This document summarizes a study on more environmentally friendly wood preservatives and coatings. Researchers tested boron silicates, copperazole, and CCA preservatives as well as varnish, stain, and dye coatings on radiata pine wood. Boron silicates and copperazole showed higher retention rates and less corrosion than CCA. Stain coatings performed best and had lower costs than varnish. Treatment costs were similar for boron silicate and copperazole wood coated with stain, providing environmentally-friendly and cost-effective wood protection alternatives.
The document discusses the Indian paint industry and introduces Vimal Microns Limited and some of their products. It provides an overview of the size and growth of the Indian paint market. It also discusses key characteristics of extenders commonly used in paint like calcium carbonate, talc, silica, and mica. These include properties like particle size, oil absorption, hardness, refractive index, and how they impact paint performance.
Simple methods for forming protein monolayers lab on-a-chip 2013AnteoDx
1. Mix&Go is a novel surface chemistry that uses metal polymers to activate surfaces for protein binding. It forms thin films below 5 nm that allow proteins to bind as mono-layers while maintaining stability and function.
2. Experiments showed that Mix&Go could activate a variety of surfaces for protein binding, including glass, polystyrene, and gold. It formed stable mono-layers of proteins like streptavidin and antibodies.
3. Mix&Go performed better than conventional methods in assays, requiring less capture protein to achieve similar signals. This suggests it forms cleaner mono-layers versus stacked multi-layers with other methods. Mix&Go could enable new biosensor designs requiring stringent protein-surface interfaces.
This study characterized a modified release multiparticulate tablet formulation consisting of acetaminophen-loaded beads and placebo beads. Acetaminophen beads containing 40-60% ethylcellulose and placebo beads containing 30% calcium silicate were developed using extrusion-spheronization. Tablets were compressed containing a 50:50 mixture of the drug and placebo beads. The drug beads released acetaminophen over 2 hours while the tablet formulation provided modified release up to 5 hours, though some coating damage occurred during compression.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Resin composites are dental restorative materials made of an organic resin matrix and inorganic filler particles. They contain monomers like bis-GMA that polymerize to form the matrix. Fillers like silica improve properties and radiopacity. Coupling agents bond fillers to the matrix. Composites are classified by filler size and polymerization method. Proper placement techniques and acid etching improve bonding to tooth structure. While esthetic and conservative, composites also have limitations like polymerization shrinkage, sensitivity, and wear over time.
The document evaluates a new water soluble catalyst, Reaxis® C333, in two-component waterborne polyurethane coatings. Testing showed that C333 provided faster dry times and hardness compared to other catalysts. It also demonstrated good storage stability, selectivity for the NCO/OH reaction over NCO/water, and ability to cure under high humidity. The catalyst is soluble in both water and organic media, and provides advantages for 2K WB PU coatings in meeting VOC regulations while maintaining performance.
This document summarizes work from Work Package 2 of the FuBio project, which aims to develop efficient and sustainable methods for biomass fractionation using recyclable ionic liquids. It discusses how ionic liquids enable true homogeneous processing of wood, and highlights results on autohydrolysis pretreatment, fibrillation of wood chips, and the IONCELL process for selective extraction of cellulose and hemicellulose from kraft pulp. It also introduces novel recyclable ionic liquid classes developed within the project, including distillable, switchable, and phase-separable ionic liquids, and evaluates their properties and applicability to lignocellulose processing.
Orthodontic resins /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Resin based composites(Recent Advances)Taduri Vivek
This document provides an overview of dental composites, including their history, classification, composition, properties, and recent developments. It discusses the key components of composites such as the resin matrix, fillers, coupling agents, and photoinitiators. It also summarizes the different types of composites based on particle size, polymerization method, and other characteristics. Recent innovations in composites include antibacterial, flowable, packable, compomers, and fiber-reinforced formulations.
1) The document discusses the composition and classification of dental composite restorations. Composite restorations contain organic resins, fillers, coupling agents, coloring agents, UV absorbers, initiators, and inhibitors.
2) Composite restorations are classified based on filler particle size and content, including macrofilled, microfilled, hybrid, nanofill, and microhybrid composites. More recent types include flowable, packable, and giomer composites.
3) The properties of composite restorations are influenced by their composition, including coefficient of thermal expansion, water absorption, wear resistance, polymerization shrinkage, working and setting times, and curing characteristics. Fillers and higher filler content
This document discusses different types of modified heat-cured acrylics used in dentistry. It describes rapid-cured acrylic which can cure in boiling water in 20 minutes but has higher residual monomer levels and lower mechanical properties. High impact acrylic contains rubber beads for improved strength and reduced crazing. Fiber and metal-reinforced acrylic can incorporate materials like carbon, glass or metal powders but some fibers may discolor or irritate tissues. Chemically-cured acrylics use chemical activators instead of heat to polymerize at room temperature in 3 hours but have lower strength and higher shrinkage. Light-cured acrylic sheets do not contain MMA monomer and are cured with a light
1. Modified composites include nano-hybrids, nano-fills, and silorane resins which are designed to reduce polymerization shrinkage.
2. Nano-hybrids contain filler particles ranging from 0.02-2.5 μm while nano-fills contain filler clusters of 0.06-1.4 μm made of particles as small as 5-20 nm.
3. Silorane resins use an alternative monomer system compared to traditional Bis-GMA or UDMA monomers to achieve minimal shrinkage.
This document provides an overview of composite resins. It discusses the history, definitions, indications, contraindications, composition, classification, curing methods, curing lamps, properties, placement techniques, and instruments used. Composite resins have evolved from traditional macrofilled composites in the 1950s to modern nanofilled and silorane-based composites. Their composition includes resin matrices, fillers, coupling agents, initiators, and inhibitors. Curing can be done chemically or with various light sources like halogen, plasma arc, laser, and LED lamps.
H+ and Cl- ions
HCl (g) → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
• H+ ions change the colour of
blue litmus paper to red
• This shows that ionisation
occurs only in the presence of
water
• Dry HCl gas does not ionise
and hence does not change the
colour of dry blue litmus paper
• Ionisation is a characteristic
property of acids and bases
which occurs only in aqueous
solutions.
Recent advances in dental composites include materials with improved properties such as reduced polymerization shrinkage, increased strength and wear resistance, enhanced aesthetics, and additional therapeutic benefits. New composite formulations incorporate multi-methacrylate monomers, ultrarapid mono-methacrylates, and acidic monomers to address shrinkage. Novel polymerization mechanisms like polymerization-induced phase separation, thiol-ene photopolymerization, and hybrid/ring-opening polymerization aim to reduce shrinkage stress. Improved fillers and surface treatments enhance mechanical properties. New composite types have been introduced, including flowables, bulk-fill, packables, and gingival-shaded materials. Overall, ongoing research focuses on developing dental compos
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses using cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) to enhance polyolefin films for retort applications. It describes test films made with COCs and other polymers like PP, LLDPE, and HDPE. The films were evaluated after retort processing to understand how COCs respond under retort conditions and identify the most promising structures. The results showed that COCs can increase moisture and oxygen barrier, add heat resistance, enhance stiffness, and improve the performance of polyolefin components in retort applications.
Restorative resins have evolved from early silicate-based materials to modern resin composites. Resin composites are composed of a resin matrix reinforced with inorganic filler particles. They are classified based on filler size and curing mechanism. Developments include microfilled, small particle, and hybrid composites, as well as flowable and packable composites. Resin composites are used for anterior and posterior restorations. Successful use requires acid etching of enamel, dentin bonding agents, and incremental placement techniques to reduce polymerization stresses.
Performance Coating Additive by DELTA specialtiesAbhay Mehrotra
This document discusses various performance additives used in coatings. It describes additives for processing/storage, application, film formation, and service life of coatings. Specific additive types are outlined for each stage including dispersing agents, defoamers, coalescing agents, cross-linking agents, and more. Mechanisms, advantages, factors affecting dispersion and defects caused by poor stabilization are explained. The document also provides information on Delta Specialties' line of performance additives.
This document provides a selector guide for Huntsman Advanced Materials' epoxy, methacrylate, and polyurethane adhesives. It includes 1) a table comparing the properties and performance of each adhesive, 2) key questions to help select the right adhesive for an application, and 3) contact information for Huntsman. The guide is intended to help customers choose the adhesive best suited to their bonding needs in terms of factors like cure speed, mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and substrate compatibility.
Ethyl benzene is an organic compound used primarily in the production of styrene. It has a history dating back to the late 1800s but commercial production began in the 1930s. Today it is produced through liquid phase alkylation of benzene and ethylene using zeolite catalysts. Almost all ethyl benzene is used to make styrene, which is then used to produce polystyrene and other plastics. As a flammable liquid, ethyl benzene requires careful handling, storage, and transportation to prevent fires or explosions.
This document discusses the process of bleaching crude oil. It contains diagrams showing both batch and continuous bleaching processes. Bleaching is done using adsorbents like Fuller's earth or activated carbon to remove impurities and unwanted compounds. It adsorbs color bodies and oxidation products from the oil. An economic model is presented showing that using a combination of TriSyl and bleaching earth provides significant cost savings over just using bleaching earth alone by reducing adsorbent usage and oil losses.
This document discusses the process of bleaching crude oil. It contains three key points:
1) Bleaching is a process used to remove impurities from crude oil using adsorbents like bleaching earth or activated carbon. It works via adsorption of contaminants onto the adsorbent surfaces.
2) Fuller's earth and acid-activated bleaching earth are commonly used adsorbents that contain minerals like bentonite and montmorillonite which give them adsorptive properties.
3) Using a combination of bleaching earth and trisyl adsorbents can save a refinery over $500,000 annually in reduced adsorbent costs, oil losses,
This study characterized a modified release multiparticulate tablet formulation consisting of acetaminophen-loaded beads and placebo beads. Acetaminophen beads containing 40-60% ethylcellulose and placebo beads containing 30% calcium silicate were developed using extrusion-spheronization. Tablets were compressed containing a 50:50 mixture of the drug and placebo beads. The drug beads released acetaminophen over 2 hours while the tablet formulation provided modified release up to 5 hours, though some coating damage occurred during compression.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Resin composites are dental restorative materials made of an organic resin matrix and inorganic filler particles. They contain monomers like bis-GMA that polymerize to form the matrix. Fillers like silica improve properties and radiopacity. Coupling agents bond fillers to the matrix. Composites are classified by filler size and polymerization method. Proper placement techniques and acid etching improve bonding to tooth structure. While esthetic and conservative, composites also have limitations like polymerization shrinkage, sensitivity, and wear over time.
The document evaluates a new water soluble catalyst, Reaxis® C333, in two-component waterborne polyurethane coatings. Testing showed that C333 provided faster dry times and hardness compared to other catalysts. It also demonstrated good storage stability, selectivity for the NCO/OH reaction over NCO/water, and ability to cure under high humidity. The catalyst is soluble in both water and organic media, and provides advantages for 2K WB PU coatings in meeting VOC regulations while maintaining performance.
This document summarizes work from Work Package 2 of the FuBio project, which aims to develop efficient and sustainable methods for biomass fractionation using recyclable ionic liquids. It discusses how ionic liquids enable true homogeneous processing of wood, and highlights results on autohydrolysis pretreatment, fibrillation of wood chips, and the IONCELL process for selective extraction of cellulose and hemicellulose from kraft pulp. It also introduces novel recyclable ionic liquid classes developed within the project, including distillable, switchable, and phase-separable ionic liquids, and evaluates their properties and applicability to lignocellulose processing.
Orthodontic resins /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Resin based composites(Recent Advances)Taduri Vivek
This document provides an overview of dental composites, including their history, classification, composition, properties, and recent developments. It discusses the key components of composites such as the resin matrix, fillers, coupling agents, and photoinitiators. It also summarizes the different types of composites based on particle size, polymerization method, and other characteristics. Recent innovations in composites include antibacterial, flowable, packable, compomers, and fiber-reinforced formulations.
1) The document discusses the composition and classification of dental composite restorations. Composite restorations contain organic resins, fillers, coupling agents, coloring agents, UV absorbers, initiators, and inhibitors.
2) Composite restorations are classified based on filler particle size and content, including macrofilled, microfilled, hybrid, nanofill, and microhybrid composites. More recent types include flowable, packable, and giomer composites.
3) The properties of composite restorations are influenced by their composition, including coefficient of thermal expansion, water absorption, wear resistance, polymerization shrinkage, working and setting times, and curing characteristics. Fillers and higher filler content
This document discusses different types of modified heat-cured acrylics used in dentistry. It describes rapid-cured acrylic which can cure in boiling water in 20 minutes but has higher residual monomer levels and lower mechanical properties. High impact acrylic contains rubber beads for improved strength and reduced crazing. Fiber and metal-reinforced acrylic can incorporate materials like carbon, glass or metal powders but some fibers may discolor or irritate tissues. Chemically-cured acrylics use chemical activators instead of heat to polymerize at room temperature in 3 hours but have lower strength and higher shrinkage. Light-cured acrylic sheets do not contain MMA monomer and are cured with a light
1. Modified composites include nano-hybrids, nano-fills, and silorane resins which are designed to reduce polymerization shrinkage.
2. Nano-hybrids contain filler particles ranging from 0.02-2.5 μm while nano-fills contain filler clusters of 0.06-1.4 μm made of particles as small as 5-20 nm.
3. Silorane resins use an alternative monomer system compared to traditional Bis-GMA or UDMA monomers to achieve minimal shrinkage.
This document provides an overview of composite resins. It discusses the history, definitions, indications, contraindications, composition, classification, curing methods, curing lamps, properties, placement techniques, and instruments used. Composite resins have evolved from traditional macrofilled composites in the 1950s to modern nanofilled and silorane-based composites. Their composition includes resin matrices, fillers, coupling agents, initiators, and inhibitors. Curing can be done chemically or with various light sources like halogen, plasma arc, laser, and LED lamps.
H+ and Cl- ions
HCl (g) → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
• H+ ions change the colour of
blue litmus paper to red
• This shows that ionisation
occurs only in the presence of
water
• Dry HCl gas does not ionise
and hence does not change the
colour of dry blue litmus paper
• Ionisation is a characteristic
property of acids and bases
which occurs only in aqueous
solutions.
Recent advances in dental composites include materials with improved properties such as reduced polymerization shrinkage, increased strength and wear resistance, enhanced aesthetics, and additional therapeutic benefits. New composite formulations incorporate multi-methacrylate monomers, ultrarapid mono-methacrylates, and acidic monomers to address shrinkage. Novel polymerization mechanisms like polymerization-induced phase separation, thiol-ene photopolymerization, and hybrid/ring-opening polymerization aim to reduce shrinkage stress. Improved fillers and surface treatments enhance mechanical properties. New composite types have been introduced, including flowables, bulk-fill, packables, and gingival-shaded materials. Overall, ongoing research focuses on developing dental compos
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses using cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) to enhance polyolefin films for retort applications. It describes test films made with COCs and other polymers like PP, LLDPE, and HDPE. The films were evaluated after retort processing to understand how COCs respond under retort conditions and identify the most promising structures. The results showed that COCs can increase moisture and oxygen barrier, add heat resistance, enhance stiffness, and improve the performance of polyolefin components in retort applications.
Restorative resins have evolved from early silicate-based materials to modern resin composites. Resin composites are composed of a resin matrix reinforced with inorganic filler particles. They are classified based on filler size and curing mechanism. Developments include microfilled, small particle, and hybrid composites, as well as flowable and packable composites. Resin composites are used for anterior and posterior restorations. Successful use requires acid etching of enamel, dentin bonding agents, and incremental placement techniques to reduce polymerization stresses.
Performance Coating Additive by DELTA specialtiesAbhay Mehrotra
This document discusses various performance additives used in coatings. It describes additives for processing/storage, application, film formation, and service life of coatings. Specific additive types are outlined for each stage including dispersing agents, defoamers, coalescing agents, cross-linking agents, and more. Mechanisms, advantages, factors affecting dispersion and defects caused by poor stabilization are explained. The document also provides information on Delta Specialties' line of performance additives.
This document provides a selector guide for Huntsman Advanced Materials' epoxy, methacrylate, and polyurethane adhesives. It includes 1) a table comparing the properties and performance of each adhesive, 2) key questions to help select the right adhesive for an application, and 3) contact information for Huntsman. The guide is intended to help customers choose the adhesive best suited to their bonding needs in terms of factors like cure speed, mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and substrate compatibility.
Ethyl benzene is an organic compound used primarily in the production of styrene. It has a history dating back to the late 1800s but commercial production began in the 1930s. Today it is produced through liquid phase alkylation of benzene and ethylene using zeolite catalysts. Almost all ethyl benzene is used to make styrene, which is then used to produce polystyrene and other plastics. As a flammable liquid, ethyl benzene requires careful handling, storage, and transportation to prevent fires or explosions.
This document discusses the process of bleaching crude oil. It contains diagrams showing both batch and continuous bleaching processes. Bleaching is done using adsorbents like Fuller's earth or activated carbon to remove impurities and unwanted compounds. It adsorbs color bodies and oxidation products from the oil. An economic model is presented showing that using a combination of TriSyl and bleaching earth provides significant cost savings over just using bleaching earth alone by reducing adsorbent usage and oil losses.
This document discusses the process of bleaching crude oil. It contains three key points:
1) Bleaching is a process used to remove impurities from crude oil using adsorbents like bleaching earth or activated carbon. It works via adsorption of contaminants onto the adsorbent surfaces.
2) Fuller's earth and acid-activated bleaching earth are commonly used adsorbents that contain minerals like bentonite and montmorillonite which give them adsorptive properties.
3) Using a combination of bleaching earth and trisyl adsorbents can save a refinery over $500,000 annually in reduced adsorbent costs, oil losses,
Topas® cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) provide high aroma barriers and low extractables, making them suitable for food packaging applications. COC has better barrier properties than polyethylene, reducing aroma/flavor loss and objectionable odor transmission. COC also has significantly lower extractable oligomers and other components compared to LLDPE, reducing the risk of off-tastes in foods. Ticona produces COC on a large scale, enabling its cost-competitive use in packaging.
Learn how TOPAS COC can improve aroma barrier and product purity. TOPAS resin also delivers many other benefits - moisture protection, easy forming, high shrink, easy opening, superb twist, and more.
Commercialization of IH2Technology for Conversion of Biomass to Fungible Rene...CRICatalyst
The document provides an overview of CRI Catalyst Company's IH2 technology for converting biomass to renewable hydrocarbons. The IH2 process uses a two-stage system with proprietary catalysts to produce fungible liquid fuels from various biomass feedstocks in a flexible and economical manner. Pilot testing of the technology demonstrates high liquid yields from biomass with fuel products that meet gasoline and diesel specifications. The process also generates renewable hydrogen and achieves significant greenhouse gas reductions compared to fossil fuels.
RiKA Presentation @ SPE Houston - February 2009hdphan
An innovative solution for clarified polypropylene was presented. RiKACLEAR PC1 was introduced as a new non-acetal sorbitol clarifier that provides low haze and excellent stiffness with superior long-term performance compared to current industry standards. Studies showed PC1 performs well at low dosing levels and has a wide processing window. It is a reliable and compatible clarifier that requires no plate-out. PC1 was approved by the FDA for use in food contact applications at concentrations up to 2500ppm. In conclusion, PC1 was presented as a complete clarifying solution for polypropylene with advantages over traditional clarifiers in clarity, mechanical properties, compatibility and regulatory compliance.
This document provides background information on analytical methods for determining bisphenol A (BPA) levels in food and biological samples. It discusses sample preparation techniques like solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction. It also covers separation and detection methods like liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Finally, it notes that validated analytical methods are available for reliably measuring free and total BPA levels in foods and some biological samples, though validation is limited for conjugated BPA levels in biological samples. Care must still be taken to avoid cross-contamination during sampling and analysis.
High-Performance UV-Curable PUDs With High Renewable Carbon ContentSartomer
This presentation addresses the use of UV-curable polyurethane dispersions for sustainable coatings. Features, properties, effects and project conclusions are discussed. For more information, please visit www.sartomer.com or follow Sartomer on Twitter @SartomerGlobal. Thanks for viewing!
EPOFIX is a two-pack epoxy primer intended for use on iron, aluminum, galvanized iron and light alloys, as well as concrete surfaces. It requires thorough surface preparation through sanding or mechanical cleaning followed by degreasing. The primer consists of Components A and B, which are mixed together prior to application by spray gun, airless sprayer, or by brush/roller for small areas. EPOFIX dries to touch in 4-5 hours at 20°C and achieves full hardness within 24-36 hours. It offers resistance to acids, alkalis and solvents and can be overcoated within 8 hours for optimal adhesion when mixed with Component B.
Este documento describe las macromoléculas más importantes que se encuentran en los alimentos, incluyendo proteínas, lípidos e hidratos de carbono. Explica la clasificación de estas macromoléculas y sus subcategorías, así como sus propiedades funcionales clave y su importancia nutricional. El documento también cubre los alimentos funcionales y cómo las macromoléculas juegan un papel en ellos.
Este documento presenta una introducción al curso "Ampliación de Tecnología de Alimentos" y describe las propiedades físicas y análisis básicos de los alimentos. Explica los objetivos del curso y define conceptos clave como sistemas alimentarios biológicos. Además, describe métodos para analizar parámetros como humedad, cenizas, grasas, proteínas, fibra y extracto libre de nitrógeno. Finalmente, discute propiedades físicas importantes de los alimentos como textura, color
The document provides an overview of practical rheology and discusses its applications across many industries and materials. It describes how the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has established standards for rheological characterization and testing of a wide variety of products, including foods, biological fluids, petroleum products, polymers, paints, adhesives, and cosmetics. Many of these are complex formulations like emulsions or suspensions that require tailored rheological properties for optimal performance. Rheology is presented as an effective tool for characterizing industrial materials and ensuring consistent quality.
This document introduces the commercially available rheology modifiers that are presented in Part 2 of the handbook. It discusses that over 1000 products from 26 suppliers are included, covering 20 different chemical types of rheology modifiers. Each section will provide a brief description of a chemical type and its key features and applications. The product lines from each supplier are presented alphabetically within their relevant application areas. This introduction notes that the information provided is believed to be accurate as of mid-1999, but that users should contact suppliers for any new products.
El resumen es el siguiente:
1) La conferencia "Comemos química, naturalmente" será presentada por Claudí Mans Teixidó, catedrático emérito de Química de la Universidad de Barcelona, el 12 de marzo de 2009.
2) La conferencia explicará conceptos químicos involucrados en la preparación de alimentos a nivel doméstico, industrial y gastronómico, como coagulaciones de proteínas y emulsiones.
3) También se analizarán aspectos de aditivos alimentarios y la distinción entre lo natural y
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
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Capitulo 2 a
1. Commercially Available Rheology Modifiers 81
2. Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
Like the products included in the previous section, this group of rheology
modifiers is also derived from acrylic acid. But, unlike those polymers,
these products are high molecular weight homopolymers of acrylic acid
cross-linked with an allyl ether of pentaerythritol, an allyl ether of sucrose
or an allyl ether of propylene. Figure 2.1 below schematically depicts
these cross-linked acrylic polymers.
Figure 2.1
(Reprinted from B.F. Goodrich Specialty Chemicals Technical Bulletin)
In the dry state, these polymers are in a tightly coiled configuration. When
dispersed in water, slight uncoiling of the molecule occurs accompanied
by minimal thickening of the system. Neutralization of the pendant
carboxylic acid groups causes the molecule to uncoil and provide dramatic
and instantaneous thickening as well as other desirable rheological effects
such as yield stress (yield value). Since a concentration of 0.5% or less is
normally used, they can be classified as very high efficiency rheology
modifiers.
2. 82 Rheology Modifier Handbook
A. Recommended Application C. Ionic Charge
Areas
1. Pharmaceutical Anionic
2. Personal Care
3. Household/Institutional
B. Recommended Solvent D. Compatibility/Stability
Systems Characteristics
1. Water 1. Not recommended for systems
2. Mixtures of water with water- containing monomeric, cationic
miscible organic solvents species
2. Products are most effective in the
pH range from 5-10 but a few are
also useful outside that range
3. Most products are sensitive to
the presence of dissolved
electrolytes
4. Certain products are suitable for
systems containing NaOCL
Nomenclature note: These products are listed under the name “Carbomer”
in The United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary. Personal care
grades have the INCI name Carbomer for CARBOPOL® and
ACRITAMER® products and “Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate
Crosspolymer” for the PEMULEN®products.
E. Useful References
1. “CARBOPOL® The Proven Polymers in Pharmaceuticals”, B.F.
Goodrich Specialty Chemicals Pharmaceutical Bulletins #1 thru #17.
2. “Thickening and Suspending with CARBOPOL Thickeners”, B.F.
Goodrich Specialty Chemicals Bulletin IT.
3. 2. Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
Table 2.2a B.F. Goodrich Specialty Chemicals
Cleveland, OH, USA
1. Pharmaceutical Grades
Viscosity, pH, Moisture,
Commercially Available Rheology Modifiers 83
Trade Name1 mPas2 (0.5% Soln.) Appearance % Features
Carbopol 910® NF 3,000-7,000
3
2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Low Viscosity
Carbopol 934 NF 30,500-39,400 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. High Viscosity, Short Flow
Carbopol 934P NF 29,400-39,400 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. High Viscosity, Short Flow
Carbopol 940 NF 40,000-60,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Very High Viscosity, Very
Short Flow
Carbopol 941 NF 4,000-11,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Low Viscosity, Long Flow
Carbopol 971P NF 4,000-11,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Low Viscosity, Long Flow
Carbopol 974P NF 29,400-39,400 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. High Viscosity
Carbopol 980 NF 40,000-60,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Very High Viscosity, Very
Short Flow
Carbopol 981 NF 4,000-10,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Low Viscosity, Long Flow
3
Carbopol 1342 NF 9,500-26,500 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Medium Viscosity, Long Flow
4. 84 Rheology Modifier Handbook
Table 2.2a, continued
B.F. Goodrich Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
1. Pharmaceutical Grades (continued)
Trade Name1 Viscosity, pH, Appearance Moisture, Features
mPas2 (0.5% Soln.) %
3
Carbopol 1382 NF 25,000-45,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Medium Viscosity
® 6
Pemulen TR-1 NF Pass 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. High Viscosity
6
Pemulen TR-2 NF Pass 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Low Viscosity
2. Personal Care Grades
Carbopol 2984 45,000-80,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. High Viscosity
Carbopol 5984 25,000-45,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. High Viscosity
Carbopol ETD™ 45,000-65,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Easy to Disperse, High
2001 Viscosity
3
Carbopol ETD 2020 32,000-77,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Easy to Disperse, High
Viscosity
Carbopol ETD 2050 3,000-15,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Easy to Disperse, Low
Viscosity
Carbopol Ultrez™ 10 45,000-65,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder 2.0 max. Easy to Disperse, High
Viscosity
5. Table 2.2a, continued
B.F. Goodrich Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
3. Industrial Grades
Trade Name1 Viscosity pH, Appearance Solids, Solvent
mPas2 (0.5% Soln.) %
Carbopol 643 7,000±2,500 8.0±0.3 Tan, Opaque 50 Mineral Spirits
Dispersion
Commercially Available Rheology Modifiers 85
Carbopol 645 7,000±2,500 8.0±0.3 Tan, Opaque 50 Mineral Spirits
Dispersion
Carbopol 647 7,000±2,500 8.0±0.3 Tan, Opaque 50 Mineral Spirits
Dispersion
Carbopol 653 7,000±2,500 6.5±0.3 Tan, Opaque 50 Mineral Spirits
Dispersion
Carbopol 655 7,000±2,500 6.5±0.3 Tan, Opaque 50 Mineral Spirits
Dispersion
Carbopol 681-XI 12,000±2,500 2.0-3.0 White Dispersion 50 Mineral Spirits
Trade Name1 Viscosity, pH, Appearance Moisture, Features
mPas2 (0.5% Soln.) %
Carbopol 672 25,000-37,500 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity, Short Flow
Carbopol 674 5,000-13,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Low Viscosity, Long Flow
Carbopol 675 45,000-65,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity, Short Flow
Carbopol 676 45,000-80,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Very High Viscosity, Very
Short Flow
3
Carbopol 678 2,000-9,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Ion Tolerance, Long Flow
6. 86 Rheology Modifier Handbook
Table 2.2a, continued
B.F. Goodrich Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
3. Industrial Grades
Trade Name1 Viscosity, pH Appearance Moisture, Features
mPas2 (0.5% Soln.) %
4
Carbopol 679 350-2500 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Ion Tolerance, Long Flow
Carbopol 690 45,000-65,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity, Very Short Flow
Carbopol 691 2,000-11,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Low Viscosity, Long Flow
Carbopol 694 40,000-80,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity, Short Flow
3
Carbopol 1610 8,000-27,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Medium Viscosity
3
Carbopol 1623 25,000-45,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity
3
Carbopol ETD 30,000-60,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity, East to Disperse
2623
Carbopol ETD 45,000-60,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Very High Viscosity, East to
2690 Disperse
Carbopol ETD 8,000-17,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder <3.0 Low Viscosity, East to Disperse
2691
7. Table 2.2a, continued
B.F. Goodrich Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
3. Industrial Grades
Trade Name Viscosity pH Appearance Moisture, Features
mPas2 (0.5%) %
Carbopol EZ-1 45,000-65,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 High Viscosity, East to Disperse
Commercially Available Rheology Modifiers 87
Carbopol EZ-2 50,000-70,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Very High Viscosity, East to Disperse
3
Pemulen 1621 2,000-12,000 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Low High Viscosity
Pemulen 1622 2,000-12,0005 2.7-3.5 White Powder < 3.0 Low High Viscosity
Notes for B.F. Goodrich Cross-linked Acrylic Polymer data:
1
CARBOPOL is listed in The USP/NF as Carbomer. This is also the INCI name.
2
0.5% Solution neutralized. Measured using Brookfield Model RV @ 20 rpm and 250 C with appropriate spindle.
3
1.0% Solution neutralized. Measured using Brookfield Model RV @ 20 rpm with appropriate spindle.
4
4.0% Solution neutralized. Measured using Brookfield Model RV @ 20 rpm with appropriate spindle.
5
0.2% Solution neutralized. Measured using Brookfield Model RV @ 20 rpm with appropriate spindle.
6
B.F. Goodrich Emulsion Test.
8. 88 Rheology Modifier Handbook
2. Cross-linked Acrylic Polymers
Table 2.2b R•I•T•A Corp.
Woodstock, IL, USA
Cosmetic and Industrial Grades
Trade Name3 Viscosity, pH, Appearance Moisture, Features2
mPas1 (0.5% Soln.) %
ACRITAMER 501E 5,400-11,400 2.7-3.3 White Powder 2.0 max Lower viscosity, for moderately
ionic systems
ACRITAMER 504E 26,500-39,500 2.7-3.3 White Powder 2.0 max Intermediate viscosity
ACRITAMER 505E 40,000-70,000 2.7-3.3 White Powder 2.0 max Highest viscosity, excellent
clarity
ACRITAMER® 934 26,000-39,500 2.7-3.3 White Powder 2.0 max. Intermediate viscosity
ACRITAMER 940 45,000-70,000 2.7-3.3 White Powder 2.0 max. Highest viscosity, excellent
clarity
ACRITAMER 941 5,400-11,400 2.7-3.3 White Powder 2.0 max. Lower viscosity, for moderately
ionic systems
Notes for R•I•T•A Cross-linked Acrylic Polymer data:
1
0.5% Solution neutralized. Measured using Brookfield Model RV @ 20 rpm and 25 0 C with appropriate spindle.
2
Residual solvent in ACRITAMER “E” series is aliphatic hydrocarbon, in all others, Benzene.
3
ACRITAMER has the INCI name Carbomer