The document discusses the evolution of academic library collection development, highlighting the conflict between preserving resources and providing immediate access to current students and faculty. It explores traditional models, new demand-driven acquisition strategies, and the shift towards online resources such as ebooks and article rental. There is an emphasis on the future need for libraries to adapt their collections to meet changing access requirements while fulfilling their stewardship mission.

1. Can
We
Have
It
All?
Do
We
Want
It
All?
The
Evolu4on
of
Academic
Library
Collec4on
Development
INFORUM
Conference
Prague
May
26,
2015
Michael
Levine-­‐Clark
Associate
Dean
for
Scholarly
Communica4on
and
Collec4ons
Services
University
of
Denver
hQps://flic.kr/p/aDHfHc

2.
The
academic
library
exists
to
preserve
knowledge
for
future
genera4ons.
hQps://flic.kr/p/s2hSPr

3.
The
academic
library
exists
to
serve
the
curricular
and
research
needs
of
current
students
and
faculty.
hQps://flic.kr/p/8pWq9v

4. Coexis4ng
Missions
Tradi4onally,
access
to
resources
for
our
students
necessitated
long-­‐term
preserva4on
hQps://flic.kr/p/a1ByLR

5. Conflic4ng
Missions
Temporary
Access
• More
resources
available
to
current
students
and
faculty
• Weakens
stewardship
mission
Permanent
Access
• More
costly
• Fewer
resources
for
current
students
and
faculty

6. The
library
used
to
be
the
primary
place
to
find
informa4on
.
.
.
but
not
anymore

7. Student
Expecta4ons
• Immediate
access
to
almost
everything
• If
you
can’t
get
it
right
away,
move
on
to
the
next
thing

8. Tradi4onal
Collec4on
Development
• Purchase
books
– At
point
of
publica4on
– At
close
to
list
price
– Made
easier
by
approval
plans
– Ra4onal
– Predictable
• Subscribe
to
journals
– As
they
are
issued
– At
list
price,
then
at
a
discount
as
part
of
the
Big
Deal
Buy
un&l
the
budget
is
spent

9. Drawbacks
of
the
tradi4onal
model
• Hard
to
acquire
books
retroac4vely
• Difficult
to
access
journal
ar4cles
without
ini4al
subscrip4on
• Lots
of
low
or
no-­‐use
material
• A
somewhat
sta4c
collec4on,
augmented
by
interlibrary
loan
• Heavy
duplica4on
of
common
materials
across
libraries

10. Beginnings
of
a
new
model
Started
with
journals
• Shi`
to
access
through
journal
packages
– But
with
perpetual
access
rights
to
some
4tles
• Reliance
on
aggregator
packages
– With
no
perpetual
access
rights
We
now
accept
as
a
given
that
most
of
the
journals
in
our
collec&ons
have
only
temporary
access
rights.

11. New
approaches
for
books
• Demand-­‐driven
acquisi4on
of
monographs
– Mostly
ebooks
• Subscrip4on
packages
of
ebooks
• Possible
because
of
print-­‐on-­‐demand,
decreased
chance
of
books
going
out
of
print,
beQer
used
book
market
Libraries
treat
these
as
supplementary
models
to
tradi&onal
book
buying

12.
What
if
we
became
more
aggressive?

13. A
(mostly)
demand-­‐driven
collec4on?
• Load
records
into
catalog
– Any
book
with
poten4al
relevance
to
curricular
and
research
focus
of
university
• Subscribe
to
some
4tles
• Purchase
the
right
format
for
the
moment
– POD
– eBook
At
the
moment,
Most
books
not
available
for
local
POD
or
as
ebook
on
DDA

14. What
would
be
necessary
to
expand
DDA?
• All
books
available
as
POD,
ebook
• No
book
ever
goes
out
of
print
• Guaranteed
access
to
not-­‐yet-­‐purchased
1tles

15. Ensuring
Future
Access
• Por4co,
LOCKSS/CLOCKSS
protect
what
we’ve
already
licensed
• We
need
a
solu4on
to
protect
what
we
have
not
yet
licensed

16. Just
imagine
.
.
.
• ALL
relevant
4tles
available
to
our
students
• Purchase
based
on
use
hQps://flic.kr/p/yNpLa

17. A
demand-­‐driven
collec4on
• Confidence
that
a
4tle
will
always
be
available
for
poten&al
purchase
• Demand-­‐drive
collec4on
size
bounded
– At
the
lower
end
by
limita4ons
in
academic
quality,
curricular
match
– At
the
upper
end
by
budget

18.
What
about
journals?
hQps://flic.kr/p/4pShZo

19.
A
beQer
ques4on:
What
about
ar&cles?

21.
To
what
extent
can
ar4cle-­‐level
rental
replace
subscrip4ons
and
the
big
deal?

22. The
Big
Deal
• O`en
a
very
good
deal
• O`en
unaffordable
.
.
.
a
medium
or
small
deal
supplemented
by
ar&cle
rental?

23.
Back
to
that
Stewardship
idea
hQps://flic.kr/p/JYdxr

24. A
Broader
Defini4on
of
Special
Collec4ons
• Rare
books
• Manuscripts
• Archives
• But
also
resources
important
to
the
ins4tu4on
hQps://flic.kr/p/9gvwfF

25. Other
Collec4ons
To
the
extent
possible,
all
material
not
included
in
this
more
expansive
defini4on
of
Special
Collec4ons
will
be
provided
temporarily
• On
demand
• Via
subscrip4on
with
no
post-­‐cancella4on
rights

26. Shared
Print
Archiving
• Libraries
will
more
aggressively
decrease
legacy
print
holdings
• Regional,
na4onal
last
copy
policies
and
procedures
• Collabora4ve
prospec4ve
collec4on
building
This
is
one
way
that
libraries
will
fulfill
the
stewardship
mission

27. Expanding
the
scope
of
collec4ons
• Research
support
and
analysis
• Cita4on
management
• Primary
sources

28. Expanding
Even
Further
We
concentrate
our
efforts
on
a
very
small
por4on
of
a
huge
poten4al
collec4on
Tradi&onal
Collec&on
Scholarly
Resources
The
Universe
of
Informa&on

29. hQp://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/publica4ons/library/2014/oclcresearch-­‐collec4on-­‐direc4ons-­‐preprint-­‐2014.pdf

30. The
Value
of
Discovery
• The
collec4on
is
– Both
owned
and
unowned
– Physical
and
digital
– Locally,
regionally,
na4onally,
globally
dispersed
• Discovery
is
crucial
hQps://flic.kr/p/ihaMcg

31. Delivery
is
Key
Discovery
only
maQers
if
access
is
immediate
• Local
POD
• Unmediated
ebook,
ar4cle
delivery
replaces
ILL
• Ordering
physical
copies
from
other
libraries
a
last
resort,
but
delivery
will
be
fast
hQps://flic.kr/p/pzxUQF

32. For
more
on
this
topic
Levine-­‐Clark,
Michael,
“Access
to
Everything:
Building
the
Future
Academic
Library
Collec4on,”
portal:
Libraries
and
the
Academy
14,
no.
3
(2014):
425-­‐437.
hQp://www.press.jhu.edu/journals/portal_libraries_and_the_academy/
portal_pre_print/ar4cles/14.3clark.pdf
Dempsey,
Lorcan,
Constance
Malpas,
and
Brian
Lavoie,
“Collec4on
Direc4ons:
The
Evolu4on
of
Library
Collec4ons
and
Collec4ng,”
portal:
Libraries
and
the
Academy
14,
no.
3
(2014):
393-­‐423.
hQp://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/publica4ons/library/2014/
oclcresearch-­‐collec4on-­‐direc4ons-­‐preprint-­‐2014.pdf

33. Michael
Levine-­‐Clark
michael.levine-­‐clark@du.edu
hQp://www.slideshare.net/MichaelLevineClark/
hQps://flic.kr/p/8vT9yB