This presentation summarizes the process of calendering finishing. It is presented to Mutasim Uddin, Lecturer at Green University of Bangladesh by 4 students. The presentation defines calendering as compressing fabric between rollers under controlled temperature and pressure. The objectives are to improve fabric hand, reduce thickness, improve opacity, reduce air permeability, and impart lustre. The document describes preparation, types of calendering machines including ordinary, swizzing, friction, schreiner, and embossing calenders. It provides examples and advantages of calendering fabrics.

1. WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION
PRESENTED TO
1.Md Zulker Naim Jibon(191003009)
2.Md Sazzed Hossain(191003029)
3.Bishal Chakma(191003033)
4.Elex Chakma(191003064)
PRESENTED TO
Mutasim Uddin
Lecturer
Green University of Bangladesh

2. TOPIC
Calendering Finishing

3. Introduction
 Calendering is a process where fabric is compressed by passing it
between two or more rollers under controlled conditions of time,
temperature and pressure

4. Objectives of calendering
 To upgrade the fabric hand and to impart a smooth, silky touch to the
fabric.
 To compress the fabric and reduce its thickness.
 To improve the opacity of the fabric.
 To reduce the airpermeability of the fabric changing its porosity.
 To impart different degree of lustre to the fabric.
 To reduce the yarn slippage.

5. Preparation for Calendering
 The fabric is folded lengthwise with the front side or face inside and
stitched together along the edges.
 The fabric is then run rough rollers that polish the surface and make
fabric smoother and lustrous.
 High temperature and high pressure required.
 Fabric that goes through calendering process feel than glossy and
papery.
 Before calendering softening and filling agents should be added to
produce lustre.

6. Types of calendaring machines
 Ordinary Calender.
 Swizzing Calender.
 Chasing Calender.
 Friction Calender.
 Schreiner Calender.
 Embossing Calender.
 Felt Calender.

7. Ordinary Calender
 Ordinary is one type of calendaring machine. In a typical 3,5,6,7or10 bowl
calender, the arrangement of the bowl is shown below:
 The calendaringeffect produced depends upon the:
 The moisture content of the fabric.
 The number of bowls used in the calender.
 The composition of the bowls.
 The arrangement of bowls.
 Pressure.
 Speed of the machine.

8. CALENDER:

9.  This is a 7 bowl calender. Swizzing calender effect can be obtained by
passing the cloth through the nips of the calender rollers in which the
surface speed of all the rollers is the same.
 This process closes the gap of the cloth giving it a smooth appearance.
 Before calendaring, softening and filling.
 agents should be added to produce luster.
 the bowls in this machine are rotated in the same speed. The normal
speed of the machine is 90yards/min.
Swizzing calendering

11. Friction Calender
 For producing this effect, the top four bowls of a 7bowl calender can be
lifted up, disconnecting the contact the third and the fourth bowls so as
to use only three bowls.
 The friction calender with a 7 bowl calender after disconnecting the top
four bowls.
 Friction calendering gives a higher gloss and greater closing of the rns, it
is produced by bringing the cloth in contact with heated polished chilled
iron bowl which is rotating at a fas r speed than the cloth itself.

13. Schreiner Calender
 The usual schreiner calender consistsof bowls, the upper bowl is made
up of specially polished steel bowl and the lower bowl is made of
compressed coron.
 The top metallic bowl is engraved with parallel line normally 200
lines/2inch at 20 angle.
 The metallic bowl is heated by gas usually at 50c.
 The top bowl is fixed and the lower is movable.

15. Embossing calendering
 This is similar to the Schreiner Calender, but the bowls of this calender
are much larger(38- 45 cm in diameter).
 The top chilled iron roll has a design engraved on it and is heated.
 This works best with soft fabric.

16. Advantages Calendering
 It improves appearance of the material.
 It improves the wearing qualities
 It increases the sale value of the material.
 It improves the serviceability of the fabric.
 It improves the natural attractiveness of the fabric.