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Business
Valuation
Mohammad Anishur Rahman (MBA, ACA)
Business and Financial Advisor
PlanforStartup.com Mail: a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m ,
+8801515265698
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Introduction
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
A business valuation is a general
process of determining the economic
value of a whole business or company
unit.
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Steps to
establish
your
business
worth
Step 1: Planning and preparation
Step 2: Adjusting the historical financial
statements
Step 3: Choosing the business valuation
methods
Step 4: Number crunching: applying the
selected business valuation methods
Step 5: Reaching the business value
conclusion
Why do You need Business Valuation?
2.Understand
Potential for
Growth
3.Plan Your
Retirement
4.Ensure Proper
Protection of
Your Asset
5.Develop a
Succession or
Sale Plan
6.For Buy-Sell
Agreements
With Partners
1.Understand
Your Current
Business
7.To Work With
Lenders
8.Trust/Estate
Planning
9.Strategize for
Future
Acquisitions
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Valuation Method
Times
Revenue
Method
Earnings
Multiplier
Discounted
Cash Flow
(DCF) Method
Asset-Based
Valuation
Method
Book Value
Liquidation
Value
Market
Capitalization
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Why do You need Business Valuation?
2.Most Reliable
Method is DCF
Method
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Discounted
Cash Flow
Method
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Discounted Cash Flow Method
2.Forecasting
unlevered free cash
flows
Calculating terminal
value
Discounting the cash
flows to the present at
the weighted average
cost of capital
Add the value of non-
operating assets to the
present value of
unlevered free cash
flows
Subtract debt and
other non-equity
claims
Divide the equity value
by the shares
outstanding
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Formulas used to Calculate Discounted Cash Flow
Method
FCF = EBIT x (1- tax rate) + D&A + NWC – Capital expenditures
Calculating the terminal value
TV = (FCFn x (1 + g)) / (WACC – g)
WACC=(VE×Re)+(VD×Rd×(1−Tc))
P=r−gD1​​
ERi​=Rf​+βi​(ERm​−Rf​)
Estimate & Assumption
Tax Rate
Risk Free rate
Market Index
Beta of the company or similar company
Future Assumptions​​
Elements of DCF method
2.EBIT = Earnings before interest and taxes. This represents a company’s GAAP-
based operating profit.
•Tax rate = The tax rate the company is expected to face. When forecasting taxes,
we usually use a company’s historical effective tax rate.
•D&A = depreciation and amortization.
•NWC = Annual changes in net working capital. Increases in NWC are cash
outflows while decreases are cash inflows.
•Capital expenditures represent cash investments the company must make in
order to sustain the forecast growth of the business.
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Pros Cons of DCF Method
2.Pros of a DCF model are:
•Extremely detailed
•Includes all major assumptions about the business
•Determines the “intrinsic” value of a business
•Does not require any comparable companies
•Can be performed in Excel
•Includes all future expectations about a business
•Suitable for analyzing mergers and acquisition
•Can be used to calculate the internal rate of return IRR of an investment
•Scenarios can be built-in
•Allows for sensitivity analysis
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Cons Cons of DCF Method
2.Cons of a DCF model are:
•Requires a large number of assumptions
•Prone to errors
•Prone to overcomplexity
•Very sensitive to changes in assumptions
•A high level of detail may result in overconfidence
•Looks at company valuation in isolation
•Doesn’t look at relative valuations of competitors
•Terminal value is hard to estimate and represents a large portion of the total value
•Challenging to estimate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
We will Calculate the DCF
based on Financial
Forecast
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Financial Plan and Forecast
 Startup Expenses
 Sales Projections
 Payroll Sheet
 3/5 Years Monthly Cost Estimation
 3/5 Years Break Even Analysis
 3/5 Years Financial Ratio Analysis
 3/5 Years Profit & loss Statement
 3/5 Years Cash flow Projections
 3/5 Years Balance Sheet
 Ratio Analysis
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O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Startup Expenses
Startup Amount
Preliminary Expenses
Legal fees (Lawyer, tax consultant) $ 700.00
Marketing research, traveling $ 50,000.00
Sub-Total $ 50,700.00
Fixed Assets
Equipment $ 45,000.00
Office lease for the first 6 months $ 15,000.00
Office equipment(Desk, chairs, supplies, printers etc.,) $ 15,000.00
Software integration $ 50,000.00
Sub-Total $ 125,000.00
Other:
Backend Staff Salaries Yearly $ 100,000.00
Office Rents & Operation Cost: (Office Rents, Utilities, Internet cost) $ 20,000.00
Misc $ 5,000.00
Sub-Total $ 125,000.00
Total Requirements $ 300,700.00
Sales Forecast
Year-1
CBD Oil 2019 Global Market
Expected to Grow at CAGR 39.19 %
and Forecast to 2023
Revenue Sources Month-1 Month-2 Month-3 Month-4 Month-5 Month-6 Month-7
Product Service-1 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00
Number of Clients Per Month 10 11 12 13 15 16 18
Product Service-2 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00
Number of Clients Per Month 12 13 15 16 18 19 21
Product Service-3 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00
Number of Clients Per Month 15 17 18 20 22 24 27
Product Service-4 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70
Number of Clients Per Month 10 11 12 13 15 16 18
Total Revenue ÂŁ 105,577.00 ÂŁ 116,134.70 ÂŁ 127,748.17 ÂŁ 140,522.99 ÂŁ 154,575.29 ÂŁ 170,032.81 ÂŁ 187,036.10
Year-2
Revenue Sources Month-1 Month-2 Month-3 Month-4 Month-5 Month-6 Month-7
Product Service-1 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50
Number of Clients Per Month 31 33 36 39 42 45 49
Product Service-2 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00
Number of Clients Per Month 37 40 43 47 50 54 59
Product Service-3 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50
Number of Clients Per Month 46 50 54 58 63 68 73
Product Service-4 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50
Number of Clients Per Month 31 33 36 39 42 45 49
Total Revenue ÂŁ 501,589.39 ÂŁ 541,716.54 ÂŁ 585,053.86 ÂŁ 631,858.17 ÂŁ 682,406.82 ÂŁ 736,999.37 ÂŁ 795,959.32
Loan Amortization
Payroll
Particulars Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Staff Count Per Position
Owner 1 1 1 1 1
IT tech/support 1 1 1 1 1
Developer and research Manager 1 1 1 1 1
Marketing Manager 2 2 2 3 3
Accountant 1 1 1 1 1
Communication Manager 1 1 1 2 2
Finance manager 1 1 1 1 1
Wage per position per Month
Owner $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00
IT tech/support $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00
Developer and research Manager $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00
Marketing Manager $ 16.00 $ 16.00 $ 16.00 $ 16.00 $ 16.00
Accountant $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00
Communication Manager $ 15.00 $ 15.00 $ 15.00 $ 15.00 $ 15.00
Finance manager $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00
Payroll
Weekly Hours
Owner 0 0 0 0 0
IT tech/support 40 40 40 40 40
Developer and research Manager 40 40 40 40 40
Marketing Manager 40 40 40 40 40
Accountant 40 40 40 40 40
Communication Manager 40 40 40 40 40
Finance manager 40 40 40 40 40
Payroll Per Position (Count x Salary)
Owner $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00
IT tech/support $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00
Developer and research Manager $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00
Marketing Manager $ 61,440.00 $ 61,440.00 $ 61,440.00 $ 92,160.00 $ 92,160.00
Accountant $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00
Communication Manager $ 28,800.00 $ 28,800.00 $ 28,800.00 $ 57,600.00 $ 57,600.00
Finance manager $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00
Total Payroll $ 248,480.00 $ 248,480.00 $ 248,480.00 $ 308,000.00 $ 308,000.00
Break Even Point
YEAR-1
Particulars Product Unit Price Amount Remarks
Fixed Cost 143,640.00
variable Cost $ 834.00 30%
Sales Price
2,780.00
Average Charge Per
product
Units Increment
Break Even Point 74
Targeted units per Year
to cover the loss
Break Even Sales
Amount 205,200.00
Target Sales value to
recover loss
Unit Fixed Cost Variable Cost Total Cost Sales
0 143,640.00 - 143,640.00 -
10 143,640.00 8,340.00 151,980.00 27,800.00
20 143,640.00 16,680.00 160,320.00 55,600.00
30 143,640.00 25,020.00 168,660.00 83,400.00
40 143,640.00 33,360.00 177,000.00 111,200.00
50 143,640.00 41,700.00 185,340.00 139,000.00
60 143,640.00 50,040.00 193,680.00 166,800.00
70 143,640.00 58,380.00 202,020.00 194,600.00
80 143,640.00 66,720.00 210,360.00 222,400.00
90 143,640.00 75,060.00 218,700.00 250,200.00
100 143,640.00 83,400.00 227,040.00 278,000.00
-
50,000.00
100,000.00
150,000.00
200,000.00
250,000.00
300,000.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
BEP
Total Cost Sales
Profit & loss Statement
PROFIT AND LOSS PROJECTION Year 1
Details Month-1 Month-2 Month-3 Month-4 Month-5 Month-6 Month-7
Revenue 14,388.50 15,827.35 17,410.09 19,151.09 21,066.20 23,172.82 25,490.11
COGS 60% 8,633.10 9,496.41 10,446.05 11,490.66 12,639.72 13,903.69 15,294.06
Commission to Store Seller 10% 575.54 633.09 696.40 766.04 842.65 926.91 1,019.60
Gross Margin 5,179.86 5,697.85 6,267.63 6,894.39 7,583.83 8,342.22 9,176.44
Gross Margin 36% 36% 36% 36% 36% 36% 36%
EXPENSES
Operating expenses
Payroll 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00
Rent 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00
Internet 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Printer inks & Papers 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00
Water, Tea, Coffe, Tissues, etc 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00
Platform Upgrade and Maintaining Cost 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00
Renting Dedicated Server 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
Marketing campaign 1,000.00 2,000.00 3,000.00 4,000.00 5,000.00 6,000.00 7,000.00
Utilities 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Total operating expenses 6,470.00 7,470.00 8,470.00 9,470.00 10,470.00 11,470.00 12,470.00
TOTAL EXPENSES 6,470.00 7,470.00 8,470.00 9,470.00 10,470.00 11,470.00 12,470.00
TOTAL OPERATING INCOME (1,290.14) (1,772.15) (2,202.37) (2,575.61) (2,886.17) (3,127.78) (3,293.56)
TAXES
Average Income Tax 25% - - - - - - -
TOTAL TAXES - - - - - - -
NET PROFIT (1,290.14) (1,772.15) (2,202.37) (2,575.61) (2,886.17) (3,127.78) (3,293.56)
Net Profit % -9% -11% -13% -13% -14% -13% -13%
Balance Sheet
BALANCE SHEET PROJECTION
ASSETS
Current Assets Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Cash and short-term investments 544,410.60 503,309.94 773,382.70 1,525,394.62 2,722,572.65
Total inventory 5,000.00 6,000.00 7,200.00 8,640.00 10,368.00
Accounts receivable 25,122.00 37,683.00 56,524.50 84,786.75 127,180.13
Total current assets 574,532.60 546,992.94 837,107.20 1,618,821.37 2,860,120.78
Property and Equipment Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Equipment/Machinery/Compute/Laptop 50,000.00 65,000.00 84,500.00 109,850.00 142,805.00
Less Accumulated depreciation expense 5,000.00 11,500.00 19,950.00 30,935.00 45,215.50
Total Property and Equipment 45,000.00 53,500.00 64,550.00 78,915.00 97,589.50
Other Assets Year 1 Year 2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Long-term investments 15,120.00 19,656.00 25,552.80 33,218.64 43,184.23
Deposits 12,500.00 16,250.00 21,125.00 27,462.50 35,701.25
Total Other Assets 27,620.00 35,906.00 46,677.80 60,681.14 78,885.48
TOTALASSETS 647,152.60 636,398.94 948,335.00 1,758,417.51 3,036,595.76
Balance Sheet
LIABILITIES
Current Liabilities Year 1 Year 2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Accounts payable 12,523.00 18,784.50 28,176.75 42,265.13 63,397.69
Accrued expenses 5,462.00 8,193.00 12,289.50 18,434.25 27,651.38
Notes payable/short-term debt - - - - -
Capital leases - - - - -
Total Current Liabilities 17,985.00 26,977.50 40,466.25 60,699.38 91,049.06
Debt Year 1 Year 2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Long-term debt/Bank loan at 3.5% Interest 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00
Loan Payment 20,000.00 40,000.00 60,000.00 80,000.00 100,000.00
Total Debt 180,000.00 160,000.00 140,000.00 120,000.00 100,000.00
TOTAL LIABILITIES 197,985.00 186,977.50 180,466.25 180,699.38 191,049.06
EQUITY Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Equity 482,040.00 482,040.00 482,040.00 482,040.00 482,040.00
Net Income (32,872.40) 253.84 318,447.31 809,849.39 1,267,828.56
Retained earnings - (32,872.40) (32,618.56) 285,828.75 1,095,678.14
TOTAL EQUITY 449,167.60 449,421.44 767,868.75 1,577,718.14 2,845,546.70
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 647,152.60 636,398.94 948,335.00 1,758,417.51 3,036,595.76
Cashflow Statement
CASH FLOW PROJECTION
Operating activities Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Net income (32,872.40) 253.84 318,447.31 809,849.39 1,267,828.56
Depreciation and Amortisation 5,000.00 6,500.00 8,450.00 10,985.00 14,280.50
Accounts payable - - - - -
Prepaid Expense (25,122.00) (12,561.00) (18,841.50) (28,262.25) (42,393.38)
Inventory (5,000.00) (1,000.00) (1,200.00) (1,440.00) (1,728.00)
Accrued Expense, things that are paid at the end of the month - - - - -
Total operating activities (57,994.40) (6,807.16) 306,855.81 791,132.14 1,237,987.69
Investing activities Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Capital expenditures (50,000.00) (15,000.00) (19,500.00) (25,350.00) (32,955.00)
Acquisition of business - - - - -
Sale of fixed assets - - - - -
Other investing cash flow items - - - - -
Total investing activities (50,000.00) (15,000.00) (19,500.00) (25,350.00) (32,955.00)
Cashflow Statement
Financing activities Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5
Preferred stock - - - - -
Total cash dividends paid - - - - -
Common stock 482,040.00 - - - -
Bank Loan 180,000.00 (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00)
Total financing activities 662,040.00 (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00)
Cumulative cash flow 544,410.60 (41,100.66) 270,072.76 752,011.92 1,197,178.03
Beginning cash balance 544,410.60 503,309.94 773,382.70 1,525,394.62
Ending cash balance 544,410.60 503,309.94 773,382.70 1,525,394.62 2,722,572.65
Ratio Analysis
4.3
2.5
3.5
4.5
2.4
4.4
1.8
2.8
2 2
3
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
4.3
2.5
3.5
4.5
2.4
4.4
1.8
2.8
2
2
3
5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
4.3
2.5
3.5 4.5
2.4
4.4 1.8
2.8
2 2
3 5
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
YEARLY SALES YEARLY PRODUCTIVITY YEARLY PROFIT
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
YEARLY SALES YEARLY PRODUCTIVITY YEARLY PROFIT
Sample Business Plan
Here is a Sample Business Plan that I have prepared for one of my clients who is looking for $2 Million
Industry I worked with
o Transport Industry
o Accommodation Industry
o Ambulatory Health Care Services
o Arts, Entertainment, and
Recreation
o Beverage and Tobacco Product
Manufacturing
o Building Material, Garden
Equipment and Supplies Dealers
o Clothing and Clothing Accessories
Stores
o Food Manufacturing
o Furniture and Related Product
Manufacturing
o Health and Personal Care Stores
o Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and
Gas Extraction
o Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers
o Nursing and Residential Care
Facilities
o Personal and Laundry Services
o Plastics and Rubber Products
Manufacturing
o Professional and Business
Services
o Real Estate, Rental and Leasing
o Warehousing and Storage
o Waste Management and
Remediation Services
o Wholesale Trade
o Chemical Industry
o Computer Industry
o Agriculture industry
o Construction Industry
o Education Industry
o Pharmaceutical Industry
o Health care Industry
o Hospitality Industry
o Entertainment Industry
o News Media Industry
o Energy Industry
o Manufacturing Industry
o Music Industry
o Electronics Industry
o Retail Industry
o Fashion Industry
o SAAS, APP Industry
o Robotics
o Travel & Tourism Industry
o Restaurant Industry
o e-commerce Industry
o Personal Service Industry
o Finance Industry
o Relationship App, Site
o Motion Picture and Sound
Recording Industries
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Technical Services
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w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8
O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
Thank You
For More Details
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E-Mail: accruon@gmail.com
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Business valuation and Financial Plan

  • 1. Business Valuation Mohammad Anishur Rahman (MBA, ACA) Business and Financial Advisor PlanforStartup.com Mail: a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m , +8801515265698 w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 2. w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 3. Introduction w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x A business valuation is a general process of determining the economic value of a whole business or company unit.
  • 4. w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x Steps to establish your business worth Step 1: Planning and preparation Step 2: Adjusting the historical financial statements Step 3: Choosing the business valuation methods Step 4: Number crunching: applying the selected business valuation methods Step 5: Reaching the business value conclusion
  • 5. Why do You need Business Valuation? 2.Understand Potential for Growth 3.Plan Your Retirement 4.Ensure Proper Protection of Your Asset 5.Develop a Succession or Sale Plan 6.For Buy-Sell Agreements With Partners 1.Understand Your Current Business 7.To Work With Lenders 8.Trust/Estate Planning 9.Strategize for Future Acquisitions w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 6. Valuation Method Times Revenue Method Earnings Multiplier Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Method Asset-Based Valuation Method Book Value Liquidation Value Market Capitalization w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 7. Why do You need Business Valuation? 2.Most Reliable Method is DCF Method w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 8. Discounted Cash Flow Method w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 9. Discounted Cash Flow Method 2.Forecasting unlevered free cash flows Calculating terminal value Discounting the cash flows to the present at the weighted average cost of capital Add the value of non- operating assets to the present value of unlevered free cash flows Subtract debt and other non-equity claims Divide the equity value by the shares outstanding w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 10. Formulas used to Calculate Discounted Cash Flow Method FCF = EBIT x (1- tax rate) + D&A + NWC – Capital expenditures Calculating the terminal value TV = (FCFn x (1 + g)) / (WACC – g) WACC=(VE×Re)+(VD×Rd×(1−Tc)) P=r−gD1​​ ERi​=Rf​+βi​(ERm​−Rf​)
  • 11. Estimate & Assumption Tax Rate Risk Free rate Market Index Beta of the company or similar company Future Assumptions​​
  • 12. Elements of DCF method 2.EBIT = Earnings before interest and taxes. This represents a company’s GAAP- based operating profit. •Tax rate = The tax rate the company is expected to face. When forecasting taxes, we usually use a company’s historical effective tax rate. •D&A = depreciation and amortization. •NWC = Annual changes in net working capital. Increases in NWC are cash outflows while decreases are cash inflows. •Capital expenditures represent cash investments the company must make in order to sustain the forecast growth of the business. w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 13. Pros Cons of DCF Method 2.Pros of a DCF model are: •Extremely detailed •Includes all major assumptions about the business •Determines the “intrinsic” value of a business •Does not require any comparable companies •Can be performed in Excel •Includes all future expectations about a business •Suitable for analyzing mergers and acquisition •Can be used to calculate the internal rate of return IRR of an investment •Scenarios can be built-in •Allows for sensitivity analysis w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 14. Cons Cons of DCF Method 2.Cons of a DCF model are: •Requires a large number of assumptions •Prone to errors •Prone to overcomplexity •Very sensitive to changes in assumptions •A high level of detail may result in overconfidence •Looks at company valuation in isolation •Doesn’t look at relative valuations of competitors •Terminal value is hard to estimate and represents a large portion of the total value •Challenging to estimate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 15.
  • 16. We will Calculate the DCF based on Financial Forecast w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 17. Financial Plan and Forecast  Startup Expenses  Sales Projections  Payroll Sheet  3/5 Years Monthly Cost Estimation  3/5 Years Break Even Analysis  3/5 Years Financial Ratio Analysis  3/5 Years Profit & loss Statement  3/5 Years Cash flow Projections  3/5 Years Balance Sheet  Ratio Analysis w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 18. Startup Expenses Startup Amount Preliminary Expenses Legal fees (Lawyer, tax consultant) $ 700.00 Marketing research, traveling $ 50,000.00 Sub-Total $ 50,700.00 Fixed Assets Equipment $ 45,000.00 Office lease for the first 6 months $ 15,000.00 Office equipment(Desk, chairs, supplies, printers etc.,) $ 15,000.00 Software integration $ 50,000.00 Sub-Total $ 125,000.00 Other: Backend Staff Salaries Yearly $ 100,000.00 Office Rents & Operation Cost: (Office Rents, Utilities, Internet cost) $ 20,000.00 Misc $ 5,000.00 Sub-Total $ 125,000.00 Total Requirements $ 300,700.00
  • 19. Sales Forecast Year-1 CBD Oil 2019 Global Market Expected to Grow at CAGR 39.19 % and Forecast to 2023 Revenue Sources Month-1 Month-2 Month-3 Month-4 Month-5 Month-6 Month-7 Product Service-1 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 $ 2,570.00 Number of Clients Per Month 10 11 12 13 15 16 18 Product Service-2 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 $ 2,040.00 Number of Clients Per Month 12 13 15 16 18 19 21 Product Service-3 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 $ 3,690.00 Number of Clients Per Month 15 17 18 20 22 24 27 Product Service-4 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 $ 4.70 Number of Clients Per Month 10 11 12 13 15 16 18 Total Revenue ÂŁ 105,577.00 ÂŁ 116,134.70 ÂŁ 127,748.17 ÂŁ 140,522.99 ÂŁ 154,575.29 ÂŁ 170,032.81 ÂŁ 187,036.10 Year-2 Revenue Sources Month-1 Month-2 Month-3 Month-4 Month-5 Month-6 Month-7 Product Service-1 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 $ 2,698.50 Number of Clients Per Month 31 33 36 39 42 45 49 Product Service-2 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 $ 2,142.00 Number of Clients Per Month 37 40 43 47 50 54 59 Product Service-3 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 $ 3,874.50 Number of Clients Per Month 46 50 54 58 63 68 73 Product Service-4 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 $ 5,197.50 Number of Clients Per Month 31 33 36 39 42 45 49 Total Revenue ÂŁ 501,589.39 ÂŁ 541,716.54 ÂŁ 585,053.86 ÂŁ 631,858.17 ÂŁ 682,406.82 ÂŁ 736,999.37 ÂŁ 795,959.32
  • 21. Payroll Particulars Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Staff Count Per Position Owner 1 1 1 1 1 IT tech/support 1 1 1 1 1 Developer and research Manager 1 1 1 1 1 Marketing Manager 2 2 2 3 3 Accountant 1 1 1 1 1 Communication Manager 1 1 1 2 2 Finance manager 1 1 1 1 1 Wage per position per Month Owner $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 IT tech/support $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 Developer and research Manager $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 Marketing Manager $ 16.00 $ 16.00 $ 16.00 $ 16.00 $ 16.00 Accountant $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 Communication Manager $ 15.00 $ 15.00 $ 15.00 $ 15.00 $ 15.00 Finance manager $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00 $ 18.00
  • 22. Payroll Weekly Hours Owner 0 0 0 0 0 IT tech/support 40 40 40 40 40 Developer and research Manager 40 40 40 40 40 Marketing Manager 40 40 40 40 40 Accountant 40 40 40 40 40 Communication Manager 40 40 40 40 40 Finance manager 40 40 40 40 40 Payroll Per Position (Count x Salary) Owner $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 IT tech/support $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 Developer and research Manager $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 Marketing Manager $ 61,440.00 $ 61,440.00 $ 61,440.00 $ 92,160.00 $ 92,160.00 Accountant $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 Communication Manager $ 28,800.00 $ 28,800.00 $ 28,800.00 $ 57,600.00 $ 57,600.00 Finance manager $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 $ 34,560.00 Total Payroll $ 248,480.00 $ 248,480.00 $ 248,480.00 $ 308,000.00 $ 308,000.00
  • 23. Break Even Point YEAR-1 Particulars Product Unit Price Amount Remarks Fixed Cost 143,640.00 variable Cost $ 834.00 30% Sales Price 2,780.00 Average Charge Per product Units Increment Break Even Point 74 Targeted units per Year to cover the loss Break Even Sales Amount 205,200.00 Target Sales value to recover loss Unit Fixed Cost Variable Cost Total Cost Sales 0 143,640.00 - 143,640.00 - 10 143,640.00 8,340.00 151,980.00 27,800.00 20 143,640.00 16,680.00 160,320.00 55,600.00 30 143,640.00 25,020.00 168,660.00 83,400.00 40 143,640.00 33,360.00 177,000.00 111,200.00 50 143,640.00 41,700.00 185,340.00 139,000.00 60 143,640.00 50,040.00 193,680.00 166,800.00 70 143,640.00 58,380.00 202,020.00 194,600.00 80 143,640.00 66,720.00 210,360.00 222,400.00 90 143,640.00 75,060.00 218,700.00 250,200.00 100 143,640.00 83,400.00 227,040.00 278,000.00 - 50,000.00 100,000.00 150,000.00 200,000.00 250,000.00 300,000.00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 BEP Total Cost Sales
  • 24. Profit & loss Statement PROFIT AND LOSS PROJECTION Year 1 Details Month-1 Month-2 Month-3 Month-4 Month-5 Month-6 Month-7 Revenue 14,388.50 15,827.35 17,410.09 19,151.09 21,066.20 23,172.82 25,490.11 COGS 60% 8,633.10 9,496.41 10,446.05 11,490.66 12,639.72 13,903.69 15,294.06 Commission to Store Seller 10% 575.54 633.09 696.40 766.04 842.65 926.91 1,019.60 Gross Margin 5,179.86 5,697.85 6,267.63 6,894.39 7,583.83 8,342.22 9,176.44 Gross Margin 36% 36% 36% 36% 36% 36% 36% EXPENSES Operating expenses Payroll 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 2,920.00 Rent 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 Internet 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Printer inks & Papers 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 Water, Tea, Coffe, Tissues, etc 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 Platform Upgrade and Maintaining Cost 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 Renting Dedicated Server 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 Marketing campaign 1,000.00 2,000.00 3,000.00 4,000.00 5,000.00 6,000.00 7,000.00 Utilities 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Total operating expenses 6,470.00 7,470.00 8,470.00 9,470.00 10,470.00 11,470.00 12,470.00 TOTAL EXPENSES 6,470.00 7,470.00 8,470.00 9,470.00 10,470.00 11,470.00 12,470.00 TOTAL OPERATING INCOME (1,290.14) (1,772.15) (2,202.37) (2,575.61) (2,886.17) (3,127.78) (3,293.56) TAXES Average Income Tax 25% - - - - - - - TOTAL TAXES - - - - - - - NET PROFIT (1,290.14) (1,772.15) (2,202.37) (2,575.61) (2,886.17) (3,127.78) (3,293.56) Net Profit % -9% -11% -13% -13% -14% -13% -13%
  • 25. Balance Sheet BALANCE SHEET PROJECTION ASSETS Current Assets Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Cash and short-term investments 544,410.60 503,309.94 773,382.70 1,525,394.62 2,722,572.65 Total inventory 5,000.00 6,000.00 7,200.00 8,640.00 10,368.00 Accounts receivable 25,122.00 37,683.00 56,524.50 84,786.75 127,180.13 Total current assets 574,532.60 546,992.94 837,107.20 1,618,821.37 2,860,120.78 Property and Equipment Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Equipment/Machinery/Compute/Laptop 50,000.00 65,000.00 84,500.00 109,850.00 142,805.00 Less Accumulated depreciation expense 5,000.00 11,500.00 19,950.00 30,935.00 45,215.50 Total Property and Equipment 45,000.00 53,500.00 64,550.00 78,915.00 97,589.50 Other Assets Year 1 Year 2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Long-term investments 15,120.00 19,656.00 25,552.80 33,218.64 43,184.23 Deposits 12,500.00 16,250.00 21,125.00 27,462.50 35,701.25 Total Other Assets 27,620.00 35,906.00 46,677.80 60,681.14 78,885.48 TOTALASSETS 647,152.60 636,398.94 948,335.00 1,758,417.51 3,036,595.76
  • 26. Balance Sheet LIABILITIES Current Liabilities Year 1 Year 2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Accounts payable 12,523.00 18,784.50 28,176.75 42,265.13 63,397.69 Accrued expenses 5,462.00 8,193.00 12,289.50 18,434.25 27,651.38 Notes payable/short-term debt - - - - - Capital leases - - - - - Total Current Liabilities 17,985.00 26,977.50 40,466.25 60,699.38 91,049.06 Debt Year 1 Year 2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Long-term debt/Bank loan at 3.5% Interest 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 Loan Payment 20,000.00 40,000.00 60,000.00 80,000.00 100,000.00 Total Debt 180,000.00 160,000.00 140,000.00 120,000.00 100,000.00 TOTAL LIABILITIES 197,985.00 186,977.50 180,466.25 180,699.38 191,049.06 EQUITY Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Equity 482,040.00 482,040.00 482,040.00 482,040.00 482,040.00 Net Income (32,872.40) 253.84 318,447.31 809,849.39 1,267,828.56 Retained earnings - (32,872.40) (32,618.56) 285,828.75 1,095,678.14 TOTAL EQUITY 449,167.60 449,421.44 767,868.75 1,577,718.14 2,845,546.70 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 647,152.60 636,398.94 948,335.00 1,758,417.51 3,036,595.76
  • 27. Cashflow Statement CASH FLOW PROJECTION Operating activities Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Net income (32,872.40) 253.84 318,447.31 809,849.39 1,267,828.56 Depreciation and Amortisation 5,000.00 6,500.00 8,450.00 10,985.00 14,280.50 Accounts payable - - - - - Prepaid Expense (25,122.00) (12,561.00) (18,841.50) (28,262.25) (42,393.38) Inventory (5,000.00) (1,000.00) (1,200.00) (1,440.00) (1,728.00) Accrued Expense, things that are paid at the end of the month - - - - - Total operating activities (57,994.40) (6,807.16) 306,855.81 791,132.14 1,237,987.69 Investing activities Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Capital expenditures (50,000.00) (15,000.00) (19,500.00) (25,350.00) (32,955.00) Acquisition of business - - - - - Sale of fixed assets - - - - - Other investing cash flow items - - - - - Total investing activities (50,000.00) (15,000.00) (19,500.00) (25,350.00) (32,955.00)
  • 28. Cashflow Statement Financing activities Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 Year-4 Year-5 Preferred stock - - - - - Total cash dividends paid - - - - - Common stock 482,040.00 - - - - Bank Loan 180,000.00 (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00) Total financing activities 662,040.00 (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00) (20,000.00) Cumulative cash flow 544,410.60 (41,100.66) 270,072.76 752,011.92 1,197,178.03 Beginning cash balance 544,410.60 503,309.94 773,382.70 1,525,394.62 Ending cash balance 544,410.60 503,309.94 773,382.70 1,525,394.62 2,722,572.65
  • 30. 4.3 2.5 3.5 4.5 2.4 4.4 1.8 2.8 2 2 3 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 4.3 2.5 3.5 4.5 2.4 4.4 1.8 2.8 2 2 3 5 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 4.3 2.5 3.5 4.5 2.4 4.4 1.8 2.8 2 2 3 5 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 YEARLY SALES YEARLY PRODUCTIVITY YEARLY PROFIT 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr YEARLY SALES YEARLY PRODUCTIVITY YEARLY PROFIT
  • 31. Sample Business Plan Here is a Sample Business Plan that I have prepared for one of my clients who is looking for $2 Million
  • 32. Industry I worked with o Transport Industry o Accommodation Industry o Ambulatory Health Care Services o Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation o Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing o Building Material, Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers o Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores o Food Manufacturing o Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing o Health and Personal Care Stores o Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction o Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers o Nursing and Residential Care Facilities o Personal and Laundry Services o Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing o Professional and Business Services o Real Estate, Rental and Leasing o Warehousing and Storage o Waste Management and Remediation Services o Wholesale Trade o Chemical Industry o Computer Industry o Agriculture industry o Construction Industry o Education Industry o Pharmaceutical Industry o Health care Industry o Hospitality Industry o Entertainment Industry o News Media Industry o Energy Industry o Manufacturing Industry o Music Industry o Electronics Industry o Retail Industry o Fashion Industry o SAAS, APP Industry o Robotics o Travel & Tourism Industry o Restaurant Industry o e-commerce Industry o Personal Service Industry o Finance Industry o Relationship App, Site o Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries o Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
  • 33. Testimonial w w w. p l a n f o r s t a r t u p . c o m , M a i l : a c c r u o n @ g m a i l . c o m P h o n e : + 8 8 0 1 5 1 5 2 6 5 6 9 8 O r d e r Yo u r B u s i n e s s Va l u a t i o n R e p o r t : w w w. f i v e r r. c o m / b u s i n e s s f i x x x
  • 34. Thank You For More Details My Blog: www.planforstartup.com E-Mail: accruon@gmail.com Whatsapp: +88015-15265698 Do You want to Order Your Business Valuation (25+ Pages Business Valuation including 5 years Financial Plan)? Order Here! www.fiverr.com/businessfixxx