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Business Research Methods Chap010
This document discusses exploring secondary data sources for research. It describes different types of secondary sources like indexes, dictionaries, encyclopedias and directories that can provide background information. It also discusses evaluating these sources based on their purpose, scope, authority and other attributes. The document outlines searching databases and the web to find relevant secondary sources and documents the search process. It introduces data mining internal sources and common data mining techniques.
Business Research Methods Chap010
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- 2. Part Three SOURCES AND COLLECTION OF DATA 10-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved.
- 3. Chapter Ten EXPLORING SECONDARY DATA 10-3
- 4. Exploratory Research • Expand understanding of management dilemma • Expand understanding of research question • Identify plausible investigative questions 10-4
- 5. Levels of Information • Primary sources • Secondary sources • Tertiary sources 10-5
- 6. Types of InformationSources • Indexes and Bibliographies • Dictionaries • Encyclopedias • Handbooks • Directories 10-6
- 7. Secondary Sources byType • Indexes and Bibliographies – to find or locate books or articles – to find authors, topics to use in online searches 10-7
- 8. Secondary Sources byType • Dictionaries – to identify jargon of an industry--used for online searches – to identify bell-weather events in an industry – to identify knowledgeable people to interview – to identify organizations of influence 10-8
- 9. Secondary Sources byType • Encyclopedias – To identify historical or background information – To find critical dates within an industry – To find events of significance to the industry, company 10-9
- 10. Secondary Sources byType • Handbooks – To find facts relevant to topic – To identify influential individuals through source citations 10-10
- 11. Secondary Sources byType • Directories – To identify influential people and organizations – to find addresses, e-mail, other contact info on these people and organizations 10-11
- 12. Evaluating Information Sources • Purpose • Scope • Authority • Audience • Format 10-12
- 13. Evaluating Sources • Purpose – What the author is attempting to accomplish • identify hidden agenda(s) • identify direction of bias – Seek both biased and unbiased sources 10-13
- 14. Evaluating Sources • Scope – Identify dates of inclusion and exclusion – Identify subjects of inclusion and exclusion 10-14
- 15. Evaluating Sources • Authority – Identify background of author • Credentials: educational, professional • Experience: duration, setting, level – Identify the level of scholarship in content • footnotes, endnotes 10-15
- 16. Evaluating Sources • Audience – Identify knowledge level and background – Identify orientation and bias – Seek biased and unbiased sources 10-16
- 17. Evaluating Sources • Format – Order of content – Versatility of use • Indexed? • Searchable? • Downloadable? 10-17
- 18. Searching Databases Select an appropriate database ABI/Inform Business InfoSuite Business Source DowJones Interactive Nexis-Lexis Universe 10-18
- 19. Searching Databases Select an appropriate database Construct a search query Boolean Operators OR - for plurals, synonyms spelling variations (woman OR women) AND - narrows your search advertising AND bibliography 10-19
- 20. Searching Databases Construct a search query Boolean Operators (cont.) NOT/AND NOT- eliminates terms award NOT trophy ADJ - order key terms within your search assisted ADJ living 10-20
- 21. Searching Databases Construct a search query Boolean Operators NOT/AND NOT- eliminates terms award NOT trophy ADJ - order key terms within your search assisted ADJ living 10-21
- 22. Searching Databases Construct a search query Boolean Operators (cont.) ? or * - to truncate a term nur* for nurse, nursing “X” for phrase searching “advertising campaigns” Limiters dates source type language 10-22
- 23. Searching Databases Select an appropriate database Construct a search query – Review and evaluate search results • Relevancy • Quantity • Timeliness 10-23
- 24. Searching Databases – Modify the search query • Check bibliography • new key words, • other authors • Link directly • Adapt original search query • Create new search query with new key words • Search for other works by same author(s) 10-24
- 25. Searching Databases Select an appropriate database Construct a search query Document findings Print or download search findings Download full-text source Print full-text source 10-25
- 26. Searching Databases Select an appropriate database Construct a search query Document findings Retrieve or request articles Search online catalog Interlibrary loan Interlibrary delivery Supplement results with Web sources 10-26
- 27. Searching Databases Select an appropriate database Construct a search query Document findings Retrieve or request articles Supplement results with Web sources 10-27
- 28. Web Searches Select Search Engine or Directory – Danny Sullivan’s Search Engine Watch www.searchenginewatch.com – Greg Notess” Search Engine Showdown www.notess.com/search/ 10-28
- 29. Web Searches Select Search Engine or Directory Determine Search Options and Protocol 10-29
- 30. Web Searches Select Search Engine or Directory Determine Search Options and Protocol Construct search query – Review search results – Modify search query – Search using a different search engine 10-30
- 31. Web Searches Select Search Engine or Directory Determine Search Options and Protocol Construct search query Document your findings – search findings – full text sources 10-31
- 32. Web Searches Select Search Engine or Directory Determine Search Options and Protocol Construct search query Document your findings Supplement Web results from other sources 10-32
- 33. Specific Web Searches • Known-Item • Who • Where • What 10-33
- 34. Government Sources • Government organizations • Laws, regulations, court decisions • Government statistics 10-34
- 35. Mining Internal Sources • Data warehouse • Data mart • Data mining – Pattern discovery – Predicting trends and behaviors 10-35
- 36. Data Mining Techniques • Data Visualization – Dimensions – Measurements – Hierarchies • Clustering • Neural Networks • Tree Models • Classification 10-36
- 37. Data Mining Techniques(cont.) • Estimation • Association • Market-Basket Analysis • Sequence Based Analysis • Fuzzy Logic • Genetic Algorithms • Fractal-Based Transformation 10-37
- 38. Data Mining Process • Sample • Explore • Modify • Model • Assess 10-38