The document discusses Iceland Supermarket's business environment and how various factors shape its operations and decision making. It examines Iceland Supermarket's purpose and responsibilities to stakeholders. Fiscal and monetary policies, competition policies, and different market structures can impact Iceland Supermarket's pricing, output, and activities. Global factors like international trade and EU policies also influence the supermarket. The document evaluates how Iceland Supermarket responds and adapts to changes in its economic, regulatory, cultural, and global business environment.
This document provides an overview of business environment and its analysis. It discusses that business environment includes internal and external factors that influence an organization. The external environment is further divided into micro and macro environment. The micro environment includes suppliers, customers, competitors and other stakeholders that directly influence business operations. The macro environment consists of broader factors like economic, political, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that indirectly impact businesses. Various tools for environmental analysis are also discussed including PESTLE analysis that assesses Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors of the external macro environment.
The document discusses the classical approaches to management that emerged during the Industrial Revolution. It describes three major approaches: scientific management, which aimed to improve worker efficiency through time and motion studies; bureaucratic management, which emphasized rational organization structures and processes; and administrative management, which focused on management functions and principles like those outlined by Henri Fayol. The classical approaches sought to increase productivity and profitability in factories through principles of specialization, centralized decision-making, and rationalization of work.
Organization and management 3 a Evolution of Management TheoryJesus Obenita Jr.
This document provides an overview of management concepts including:
- Scientific management pioneered by Taylor focused on defining the "one best way" to perform tasks.
- Fayol described general management principles like division of work and authority.
- Quantitative approaches use statistics and models to analyze problems and improve decisions.
- Organizational behavior examines how people and groups function within organizations.
- Current trends include addressing ethics, diversity, and globalization challenges in management.
Classical management thinkers like Taylor, Fayol, and Weber focused on scientific principles of work efficiency and bureaucratic organization. Behavioral approaches highlighted the importance of human factors, group dynamics, and participative management. Modern foundations include operations research, systems thinking, contingency approaches, quality management, knowledge management, organizational learning, and evidence-based practices. Overall, the document traces the evolution of management thought from its classical roots to its modern forms.
Planning is deciding in advance what actions need to be taken to achieve organizational goals. It involves setting objectives and determining alternative courses of action. Planning reduces uncertainty, utilizes resources effectively, and increases organizational effectiveness. The key steps in planning are establishing objectives and planning premises, identifying alternative courses of action, evaluating alternatives, selecting a course of action, implementation, and follow-up. Planning is important as it helps coordinate activities, control performance, encourage innovation, and strengthen competitiveness.
Management involves coordinating individual and group efforts to efficiently accomplish goals. There are many approaches to management that vary based on the situation. Classical approaches like scientific, administrative, and bureaucratic management focused on productivity and organizational structure. Behavioral approaches emphasized the importance of human behavior and motivation. Contingency theory recognizes that the best management approach depends on internal and external situational factors.
The document discusses the macro environment factors that affect business operations. It defines the macro environment as the external factors outside a company's control that influence its operations. The key macro environment factors discussed are demographic forces relating to population characteristics, economic forces concerning spending power and patterns, natural forces involving natural resources and environmental impact, technological forces regarding production technology, political forces such as government regulations, and social/cultural forces like lifestyle trends and customs. Analyzing these macro environment factors is important for marketers to understand market changes and adapt their strategies accordingly.
This document provides an overview of business environment and its analysis. It discusses that business environment includes internal and external factors that influence an organization. The external environment is further divided into micro and macro environment. The micro environment includes suppliers, customers, competitors and other stakeholders that directly influence business operations. The macro environment consists of broader factors like economic, political, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that indirectly impact businesses. Various tools for environmental analysis are also discussed including PESTLE analysis that assesses Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors of the external macro environment.
The document discusses the classical approaches to management that emerged during the Industrial Revolution. It describes three major approaches: scientific management, which aimed to improve worker efficiency through time and motion studies; bureaucratic management, which emphasized rational organization structures and processes; and administrative management, which focused on management functions and principles like those outlined by Henri Fayol. The classical approaches sought to increase productivity and profitability in factories through principles of specialization, centralized decision-making, and rationalization of work.
Organization and management 3 a Evolution of Management TheoryJesus Obenita Jr.
This document provides an overview of management concepts including:
- Scientific management pioneered by Taylor focused on defining the "one best way" to perform tasks.
- Fayol described general management principles like division of work and authority.
- Quantitative approaches use statistics and models to analyze problems and improve decisions.
- Organizational behavior examines how people and groups function within organizations.
- Current trends include addressing ethics, diversity, and globalization challenges in management.
Classical management thinkers like Taylor, Fayol, and Weber focused on scientific principles of work efficiency and bureaucratic organization. Behavioral approaches highlighted the importance of human factors, group dynamics, and participative management. Modern foundations include operations research, systems thinking, contingency approaches, quality management, knowledge management, organizational learning, and evidence-based practices. Overall, the document traces the evolution of management thought from its classical roots to its modern forms.
Planning is deciding in advance what actions need to be taken to achieve organizational goals. It involves setting objectives and determining alternative courses of action. Planning reduces uncertainty, utilizes resources effectively, and increases organizational effectiveness. The key steps in planning are establishing objectives and planning premises, identifying alternative courses of action, evaluating alternatives, selecting a course of action, implementation, and follow-up. Planning is important as it helps coordinate activities, control performance, encourage innovation, and strengthen competitiveness.
Management involves coordinating individual and group efforts to efficiently accomplish goals. There are many approaches to management that vary based on the situation. Classical approaches like scientific, administrative, and bureaucratic management focused on productivity and organizational structure. Behavioral approaches emphasized the importance of human behavior and motivation. Contingency theory recognizes that the best management approach depends on internal and external situational factors.
The document discusses the macro environment factors that affect business operations. It defines the macro environment as the external factors outside a company's control that influence its operations. The key macro environment factors discussed are demographic forces relating to population characteristics, economic forces concerning spending power and patterns, natural forces involving natural resources and environmental impact, technological forces regarding production technology, political forces such as government regulations, and social/cultural forces like lifestyle trends and customs. Analyzing these macro environment factors is important for marketers to understand market changes and adapt their strategies accordingly.
1. Management theory has evolved over centuries from early civilizations to the modern discipline it is today.
2. Early contributors included Sun Tzu, Chanakya, and Machiavelli who laid foundations for coordinated group efforts and leadership principles.
3. Scientific management emerged in the early 20th century focusing on economic rationality and efficiency through division of labor and incentives. Contributors included Taylor, Gilbreth, and Gantt.
4. The human relations movement arose in reaction, recognizing social and emotional needs. Hawthorne studies showed group influences on output. Contributors included Mayo, Maslow, and McGregor.
5. Recent decades integrate theories as management addresses increasingly complex problems across
Early Contribution, Scientific Management, Administrative Theory, Bureaucracy Theory, Human Relation Management, Social System Approach, Decision Theory Approach.
This document provides an overview and comparison of classical, neo-classical, and modern management theories. The classical theories focused on functions, discipline, and economic demands of workers. Neo-classical theories emphasized the social and emotional needs of workers. Modern theories blend economic and social aspects, using flexible structures and situation-based decisions to align worker needs with organizational goals in complex environments.
Historical Background of Management
Explain why studying management history is important.
Describe some early evidences of management practice.
Discuss why division of labor and the Industrial Revolution are important to the study of management.
List six management approaches.
Scientific Management
Define scientific management.
Describe the important contributions made by Fredrick W. Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
Explain how today’s managers use scientific management.
The document discusses a case study involving the Apollo Hospital which has experienced problems due to a lack of proper job analysis and descriptions for key roles like the storekeeper. It provides a sample job analysis, description and specification for a storekeeper position at the hospital to address the issues. The response also outlines how one would develop standard job descriptions and specifications, and which staff to collect information from.
Management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources to achieve objectives. The key functions of management are planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing. While administration determines policies and objectives, management executes policies and programs to coordinate activities and derive strength from administration. Management is essential for group goals to be achieved efficiently utilizing resources and establishing a sound organization.
The document discusses several key principles and theories of management. It covers classical management theories like scientific management and administrative management. It also discusses human relations approaches, quantitative perspectives, and contingency theory. The five main functions of management - planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling - are defined. Concepts like communication, motivation, leadership styles, and organizational change are also summarized. Total quality management and its principles are introduced as well.
The document provides an overview of management principles and organizational concepts. It defines an organization as a systematic arrangement of people brought together to accomplish a specific purpose. It then discusses the four functions of management, organizational levels from top to first-line managers, and Fayol's 14 principles of management including division of work, authority, and discipline. Finally, it compares different management approaches such as classical, scientific, behavioral, systems, and contingency theories.
The document provides a history of management theory and practice from early management thought to modern approaches. It discusses how management approaches have evolved over time in response to changes in the environment. Early approaches focused on organizing, with theorists like Taylor emphasizing scientific management. Later approaches emphasized leading and the human element, influenced by Hawthorne Studies. Subsequently, management science emerged with a focus on planning and quantitative techniques. More recently, systems theory, contingency theory, and triangular management have integrated various perspectives.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to organizing, including defining organization, characteristics of organizations, organizational theories, vision, mission, objectives, management by objectives process, organizing function, organizing process, and principles of organizing.
2. It also covers purposes of organizing, organizational structure, types of organizational structure, elements of organizational structure, corporate restructuring, and staffing.
3. The recap section emphasizes that the vision statement describes future objectives, the mission defines how to achieve the vision, and organizing properly delegates roles and responsibilities through an efficient structure.
- The document discusses the evolution of management thought from the 18th to 20th century and highlights the contributions of three influential thinkers: Henry Fayol, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Max Weber.
- Henry Fayol is considered the father of modern management. He was the first to develop a formal statement of management elements and principles including division of work, authority, and discipline.
- Frederick Taylor is known as the father of scientific management. He developed principles to increase workplace efficiency including replacing rule-of-thumb methods with scientific investigation and ensuring cooperation between labor and management.
- The document provides details on Fayol and Taylor's management theories and principles.
The document outlines 10 managerial roles grouped into 3 categories: interpersonal roles of figurehead, leader, and liaison; informational roles of monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson; and decisional roles of entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator. Each role is defined briefly, with examples given for some. The roles cover ceremonial, supervisory, communication, information gathering and sharing, innovation, problem-solving, resource allocation, and negotiation duties of managers.
This document provides an introduction to management concepts. It discusses the origins of management studies and some ancient writings on management. It defines management as the process of getting work done efficiently through others. The document outlines the nature, purpose, functions, levels of managers, managerial roles, skills, Fayol's 14 principles of management, recent trends, and the scientific management school established by Frederick Taylor which emphasized job analysis, time/motion study, and financial incentives. Taylor's approach was criticized for ignoring human factors and being dehumanizing.
This document provides an overview of the evolution of management theory from 1890-2000. It discusses several important historical events and developments that influenced management theory, including Adam Smith's publication of The Wealth of Nations and the Industrial Revolution. The document then summarizes several major management theories that developed over this period, including Scientific Management Theory, Administrative Management Theory, Behavioral Management Theory, Management Science Theory, and Organizational Environmental Theory. It provides details on the key theorists and concepts associated with each theory.
Nestlé has a decentralized organizational structure with three levels of management - top, middle, and lower. The top-level management lays down objectives, policies, and plans. The middle-level management executes plans and communicates between top and lower levels. The lower-level management assigns tasks, guides workers, and maintains production quality and communication between workers and higher levels. While major decisions are made at the top, daily operations are left to local branches to manage.
Business culture consists of the shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms that define how work is done in an organization. There are three main ways to identify a company's culture: how decisions are made, the style of communication, and how customers are treated. A strong culture means staff clearly understand expected behaviors while a weak culture lacks alignment and consistency. The four main types of organizational culture are power, role, task, and person cultures, each requiring different leadership styles. A culture may need changing to improve performance or adapt to changes in the market, ownership, leadership, or economic conditions, but can be difficult to alter due to tradition, fears of loss, and different ambitions.
Semco SA is a Brazilian manufacturing company that saw significant increases in productivity and profits after adopting an unconventional management structure and company culture. Ricardo Semler eliminated top-down hierarchy when he became CEO in 1980, doing away with titles, job descriptions, and long-term planning. He divided the company into autonomous business units each led by a general manager. This empowered employees to make decisions and take on new roles and projects. As a result, workers took initiative to cut costs and generate new revenue streams. Semco's innovative approach was recognized internationally and profiled in hundreds of publications as a model for participatory management.
This document summarizes key concepts from classical organizational theory and the human relations approach. It discusses Taylor's scientific management theory and Gulick's POSDCORB functions of management. It also covers the Hawthorne studies conducted by Elton Mayo, which demonstrated the importance of socio-psychological factors in productivity. Finally, it discusses Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how the behavioral science approach contributed to understanding human behavior in organizations.
The document discusses the evolution of management thought from classical to modern theories. Classical theories include scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management which focused on efficiency. Neoclassical theories like the Hawthorne Experiments emphasized the human element. Modern theories include quantitative approaches using scientific methods, systems approaches analyzing organizational efficiency, and contingency approaches adapting to different situations. The evolution of management thought has moved from a focus on economic efficiency to considering human and situational factors as well.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang basis data, sistem manajemen basis data (DBMS), perbedaan antara SQL dan NoSQL, serta penggunaan ORM dalam framework Laravel.
Tracxn Research - Finance & Accounting Landscape, February 2017Tracxn
This report provides an overview of investment trends in the finance and accounting software sector. It covers entrepreneur activity, funding trends by stage and year, notable investments, subsectors and companies. The scope includes equity and debt funding for companies offering solutions such as accounting suites, bookkeeping, invoicing, payroll, expense management, auditing, taxation and financial management software.
1. Management theory has evolved over centuries from early civilizations to the modern discipline it is today.
2. Early contributors included Sun Tzu, Chanakya, and Machiavelli who laid foundations for coordinated group efforts and leadership principles.
3. Scientific management emerged in the early 20th century focusing on economic rationality and efficiency through division of labor and incentives. Contributors included Taylor, Gilbreth, and Gantt.
4. The human relations movement arose in reaction, recognizing social and emotional needs. Hawthorne studies showed group influences on output. Contributors included Mayo, Maslow, and McGregor.
5. Recent decades integrate theories as management addresses increasingly complex problems across
Early Contribution, Scientific Management, Administrative Theory, Bureaucracy Theory, Human Relation Management, Social System Approach, Decision Theory Approach.
This document provides an overview and comparison of classical, neo-classical, and modern management theories. The classical theories focused on functions, discipline, and economic demands of workers. Neo-classical theories emphasized the social and emotional needs of workers. Modern theories blend economic and social aspects, using flexible structures and situation-based decisions to align worker needs with organizational goals in complex environments.
Historical Background of Management
Explain why studying management history is important.
Describe some early evidences of management practice.
Discuss why division of labor and the Industrial Revolution are important to the study of management.
List six management approaches.
Scientific Management
Define scientific management.
Describe the important contributions made by Fredrick W. Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
Explain how today’s managers use scientific management.
The document discusses a case study involving the Apollo Hospital which has experienced problems due to a lack of proper job analysis and descriptions for key roles like the storekeeper. It provides a sample job analysis, description and specification for a storekeeper position at the hospital to address the issues. The response also outlines how one would develop standard job descriptions and specifications, and which staff to collect information from.
Management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources to achieve objectives. The key functions of management are planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing. While administration determines policies and objectives, management executes policies and programs to coordinate activities and derive strength from administration. Management is essential for group goals to be achieved efficiently utilizing resources and establishing a sound organization.
The document discusses several key principles and theories of management. It covers classical management theories like scientific management and administrative management. It also discusses human relations approaches, quantitative perspectives, and contingency theory. The five main functions of management - planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling - are defined. Concepts like communication, motivation, leadership styles, and organizational change are also summarized. Total quality management and its principles are introduced as well.
The document provides an overview of management principles and organizational concepts. It defines an organization as a systematic arrangement of people brought together to accomplish a specific purpose. It then discusses the four functions of management, organizational levels from top to first-line managers, and Fayol's 14 principles of management including division of work, authority, and discipline. Finally, it compares different management approaches such as classical, scientific, behavioral, systems, and contingency theories.
The document provides a history of management theory and practice from early management thought to modern approaches. It discusses how management approaches have evolved over time in response to changes in the environment. Early approaches focused on organizing, with theorists like Taylor emphasizing scientific management. Later approaches emphasized leading and the human element, influenced by Hawthorne Studies. Subsequently, management science emerged with a focus on planning and quantitative techniques. More recently, systems theory, contingency theory, and triangular management have integrated various perspectives.
1. The document discusses key concepts related to organizing, including defining organization, characteristics of organizations, organizational theories, vision, mission, objectives, management by objectives process, organizing function, organizing process, and principles of organizing.
2. It also covers purposes of organizing, organizational structure, types of organizational structure, elements of organizational structure, corporate restructuring, and staffing.
3. The recap section emphasizes that the vision statement describes future objectives, the mission defines how to achieve the vision, and organizing properly delegates roles and responsibilities through an efficient structure.
- The document discusses the evolution of management thought from the 18th to 20th century and highlights the contributions of three influential thinkers: Henry Fayol, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Max Weber.
- Henry Fayol is considered the father of modern management. He was the first to develop a formal statement of management elements and principles including division of work, authority, and discipline.
- Frederick Taylor is known as the father of scientific management. He developed principles to increase workplace efficiency including replacing rule-of-thumb methods with scientific investigation and ensuring cooperation between labor and management.
- The document provides details on Fayol and Taylor's management theories and principles.
The document outlines 10 managerial roles grouped into 3 categories: interpersonal roles of figurehead, leader, and liaison; informational roles of monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson; and decisional roles of entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator. Each role is defined briefly, with examples given for some. The roles cover ceremonial, supervisory, communication, information gathering and sharing, innovation, problem-solving, resource allocation, and negotiation duties of managers.
This document provides an introduction to management concepts. It discusses the origins of management studies and some ancient writings on management. It defines management as the process of getting work done efficiently through others. The document outlines the nature, purpose, functions, levels of managers, managerial roles, skills, Fayol's 14 principles of management, recent trends, and the scientific management school established by Frederick Taylor which emphasized job analysis, time/motion study, and financial incentives. Taylor's approach was criticized for ignoring human factors and being dehumanizing.
This document provides an overview of the evolution of management theory from 1890-2000. It discusses several important historical events and developments that influenced management theory, including Adam Smith's publication of The Wealth of Nations and the Industrial Revolution. The document then summarizes several major management theories that developed over this period, including Scientific Management Theory, Administrative Management Theory, Behavioral Management Theory, Management Science Theory, and Organizational Environmental Theory. It provides details on the key theorists and concepts associated with each theory.
Nestlé has a decentralized organizational structure with three levels of management - top, middle, and lower. The top-level management lays down objectives, policies, and plans. The middle-level management executes plans and communicates between top and lower levels. The lower-level management assigns tasks, guides workers, and maintains production quality and communication between workers and higher levels. While major decisions are made at the top, daily operations are left to local branches to manage.
Business culture consists of the shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms that define how work is done in an organization. There are three main ways to identify a company's culture: how decisions are made, the style of communication, and how customers are treated. A strong culture means staff clearly understand expected behaviors while a weak culture lacks alignment and consistency. The four main types of organizational culture are power, role, task, and person cultures, each requiring different leadership styles. A culture may need changing to improve performance or adapt to changes in the market, ownership, leadership, or economic conditions, but can be difficult to alter due to tradition, fears of loss, and different ambitions.
Semco SA is a Brazilian manufacturing company that saw significant increases in productivity and profits after adopting an unconventional management structure and company culture. Ricardo Semler eliminated top-down hierarchy when he became CEO in 1980, doing away with titles, job descriptions, and long-term planning. He divided the company into autonomous business units each led by a general manager. This empowered employees to make decisions and take on new roles and projects. As a result, workers took initiative to cut costs and generate new revenue streams. Semco's innovative approach was recognized internationally and profiled in hundreds of publications as a model for participatory management.
This document summarizes key concepts from classical organizational theory and the human relations approach. It discusses Taylor's scientific management theory and Gulick's POSDCORB functions of management. It also covers the Hawthorne studies conducted by Elton Mayo, which demonstrated the importance of socio-psychological factors in productivity. Finally, it discusses Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how the behavioral science approach contributed to understanding human behavior in organizations.
The document discusses the evolution of management thought from classical to modern theories. Classical theories include scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management which focused on efficiency. Neoclassical theories like the Hawthorne Experiments emphasized the human element. Modern theories include quantitative approaches using scientific methods, systems approaches analyzing organizational efficiency, and contingency approaches adapting to different situations. The evolution of management thought has moved from a focus on economic efficiency to considering human and situational factors as well.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang basis data, sistem manajemen basis data (DBMS), perbedaan antara SQL dan NoSQL, serta penggunaan ORM dalam framework Laravel.
Tracxn Research - Finance & Accounting Landscape, February 2017Tracxn
This report provides an overview of investment trends in the finance and accounting software sector. It covers entrepreneur activity, funding trends by stage and year, notable investments, subsectors and companies. The scope includes equity and debt funding for companies offering solutions such as accounting suites, bookkeeping, invoicing, payroll, expense management, auditing, taxation and financial management software.
This document provides an introduction to data science and analytics. It discusses why data science jobs are in high demand, what skills are needed for these roles, and common types of analytics including descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive. It also covers topics like machine learning, big data, structured vs unstructured data, and examples of companies that utilize data and analytics like Amazon and Facebook. The document is intended to explain key concepts in data science and why attending a talk on this topic would be beneficial.
GCP - Continuous Integration and Delivery into Kubernetes with GitHub, Travis...Oleg Shalygin
Kubernetes provides an automated platform to deployment, scaling and operations of applications across a cluster of hosts. Complementing Kubernetes with a series of build scripts in conjunction with Travis-CI, GitHub, Artifactory, and Google Cloud Platform, we can take code from a merged pull request to a deployed environment with no manual intervention on a highly scaleable and robust infrastructure.
The document summarizes key trends from the 2015 Internet Trends report by Mary Meeker. It outlines that while global internet and smartphone user growth is still solid, the growth rate is slowing as adoption increases. It also notes that incremental users will be harder to obtain as adoption depends more on developing markets. Internet usage and engagement growth remains strong, especially for mobile video. Mobile advertising is growing faster than desktop but still lags in share of total internet advertising spending. The document also highlights new advertising formats and payment options optimized for mobile usage as well as the rise of vertical video viewing. Finally, it discusses how enterprise technology startups are reimagining business processes by addressing prior pain points in areas like communications, payments, analytics and
1. O documento apresenta as informações sobre a 12a Escola Regional de Banco de Dados realizada em Londrina-PR entre 13 e 15 de abril de 2016, incluindo sua promoção, organização e comitês.
2. Foram aceitos artigos de pesquisa e aplicações/experiências após revisão por pares, com taxas de aceitação de 65% e 40% respectivamente.
3. O evento contou também com palestras, minicursos, oficinas e demonstrações.
- US and European stock futures fell, along with Asian markets, due to concerns over global growth and the outcome of Greece's debt swap. The eurozone economy contracted 0.3% in Q4.
- Private investors holding 20% of Greek bonds will participate in the debt restructuring, which aims to reduce privately held Greek debt by 53.5% to help secure Greece's bailout.
- Aecon Group reported a 143% rise in quarterly earnings as margins improved on lower costs.
This resume is for Alpana Chaphalkar. She is currently studying Applied Computer Science at SRH Hochschule Heidelberg in Germany and has work experience in web application development, automation testing, and SAP technologies. Her technical skills include programming languages like Java, C++, PHP, and databases like MySQL, Oracle, and SAP HANA. She has completed several projects related to lending, invoice management, real estate, and healthcare.
The document summarizes the features of Vertical Booking, which it describes as the world's most feature-rich hotel CRS platform. It provides a complete booking platform for independent hotels and brand properties, optimizing the guest booking journey from search to booking for increased conversion. Key features highlighted include booking engine tools, upselling tools, a channel manager, GDS management, spa booking, rate intelligence, and a CRO and DMS.
The document discusses the CERN OpenStack cloud, which provides compute resources for the Large Hadron Collider experiment. Some key points:
- CERN operates a large OpenStack cloud with over 200,000 cores across 4 clouds to provide resources for particle physics experiments like the LHC.
- The LHC is the largest machine on Earth, spanning 27km and containing over 9,600 magnets. It produces enormous amounts of data, with a need for over 400,000 HS06 cores of computing by Run 4.
- CERN's OpenStack cloud has grown significantly over the years to help meet this computing need, now providing over 200,000 cores across more than 5,800 hypervisors. It is a
MongoDB NoSQL database a deep dive -MyWhitePaperRajesh Kumar
This document provides an overview of MongoDB, a popular NoSQL database. It discusses why NoSQL databases were created, the different types of NoSQL databases, and focuses on MongoDB. MongoDB is a document-oriented database that stores data in JSON-like documents with dynamic schemas. It provides horizontal scaling, high performance, and flexible data models. The presentation covers MongoDB concepts like databases, collections, documents, CRUD operations, indexing, sharding, replication, and use cases. It provides examples of modeling data in MongoDB and considerations for data and schema design.
The report offers to marketers 25 open, click-through, list churn and mobile metrics to help you see where you rank, delivering more visuals so you can better understand the data, and sharing more observations to help you improve your marketing programs.
SQL Server on Linux will provide the SQL Server database engine running natively on Linux. It allows customers choice in deploying SQL Server on the platform of their choice, including Linux, Windows, and containers. The public preview of SQL Server on Linux is available now, with the general availability target for 2017. It brings the full power of SQL Server to Linux, including features like In-Memory OLTP, Always Encrypted, and PolyBase.
Google Home is a smart speaker developed by Google that uses Google Assistant to respond to voice commands. It allows users to control smart home devices like lights and thermostats using voice commands. Google Home has over 7,000 compatible applications and connects to many smart home devices. It provides information to users through daily briefings and can answer questions about traffic, restaurants, and more. While the device collects user data and uses it for personalized ads, it also offers multi-room audio and a customizable design. Its main competitor is the Amazon Echo, which has fewer compatible applications but allows for ordering products through voice commands.
This session introduces the concepts of AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and walks through the tools and strategies you can use to control access to your AWS environment. We describe IAM users, groups, and roles and how to use them. We demonstrate how to create IAM users and roles, and grant them various types of permissions to access AWS APIs and resources.
Introducing NoSQL and MongoDB to complement Relational Databases (AMIS SIG 14...Lucas Jellema
This presentation gives an brief overview of the history of relational databases, ACID and SQL and presents some of the key strentgths and potential weaknesses. It introduces the rise of NoSQL - why it arose, what is entails, when to use it. The presentation focuses on MongoDB as prime example of NoSQL document store and it shows how to interact with MongoDB from JavaScript (NodeJS) and Java.
Want help for writing Business Environment Assignment ? Global Assignment Help provides best assignment writing services by highly qualified experts at affordable price.
With increasing globalization and related advantages, most of the present firms are trying to go international. This is all due to maximizing the potential benefits available in different countries. With this, firms are trying to increase their presence throughout the world. Today, different countries have different advantages as some country is good in some specific industries, whereas some in others. Therefore, firms operating in an industry look for other nations doing well in the similar industries and have huge potential so that, they could take advantage of it.
Colgate-Palmolive is a global consumer products company founded in 1806. It has a portfolio of oral care, personal care, home care, and pet nutrition products, including Colgate toothpaste, Irish Spring soap, and Hill's pet food. Colgate-Palmolive has annual revenue of over $17 billion and operates in over 200 countries. The company aims to be the best global consumer products company through caring about people, global teamwork, and continuous improvement. It seeks to understand consumers, launch innovative new products, and strengthen its worldwide leadership.
Running head BUSINESS PLAN1 BUSINESS PLAN5.docxtoddr4
This business plan is for a cleaning business. The company will provide various cleaning services for both residential and commercial clients, including office cleaning, furniture cleaning, floor cleaning, and window cleaning. The target customers are homeowners and businesses located in suburban areas. Key competitors offer similar services and have 30-60% of the market share. The company aims to gain market share through high quality services and competitive pricing. Regulations from OSHA will be followed. The plan outlines marketing strategies, pricing structures, and sales plans to target potential customers and grow the business.
Tesco is a large British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer founded in 1919. It has over 6,800 stores across several countries. Porter's Five Forces model was applied to analyze Tesco's competitive environment. Rivalry is high in the grocery industry. Tesco differentiates itself through various store formats and supply chain integration. Supplier bargaining power is mitigated through IT systems and own brand products. Significant capital requirements and brand recognition make entry difficult for new competitors. Loyalty programs and wide product ranges help counter customer bargaining power. Threat of substitutes is addressed by product differentiation and availability.
In this report, the stress has been put over the challenges or the issues which a company has to face while expanding its business into other countries. The report has been divided into two different sections where the focus has been given into diverse perspective of international business. In the first section, the report carries out a discussion on the strategic issues confronted by the Arla Food. Then, in section two, different advantages and disadvantages for a global giant in the food industry has been discussed. Then, the international strategy of the Arla food industry has been reviewed and all this procedure will help to obtain certain recommendations for accomplishing improved international business strategy. Here Arla Food industry is facing various issues while expanding their business in other countries. The strategic issues facing by the Arla foods have been discussed in order to understand the challenges and the different steps to deal with the challenges while expanding business into other countries.
Goldman Sachs is committed to supporting small businesses and economic growth through its 10,000 Small Businesses initiative. This initiative provides practical business education, support services, and access to capital for small business owners in the UK and US. The program aims to help small businesses create jobs and economic growth. It is delivered through academic partners and includes workshops, business advising, networking opportunities, and a community of alumni business owners. Participants develop a business growth plan and the program has proven successful, with graduates growing revenue faster and creating more jobs than similar small businesses. The document provides details on the program components, eligibility, and impact.
Business Strategic PlanLatisha BellKaplan UniversityMT460-.docxRAHUL126667
Business Strategic Plan
Latisha Bell
Kaplan University
MT460- Final Project :The Strategic Plan
Introduction
Businesses usually require strategic plans in order to manage market competition.
This calls for proper planning by the management team so as to achieve the planned.
This is usually done through a strategic plan document.
This is a document that is used to communicate the goals and actions needed to achieve them (Capon, Farley & Hulbert, 1987).
This document features Walmart stores for the strategic plan case.
To successfully implement a strategic plan, a corporate should define clearly their mission, vision, objectives , actions and strategies.
This helps the corporate produce a blueprint of what they are expecting to plan.
The above are mainly the cornerstones of strategic planning.
This is because if an organization clearly defines its vision, mission, objectives, strategies and actions, then it will be capable on focusing on short goals while still implementing the short goals.
2
Background Information
Walmart is one of the r known retail giants in the world.
Walmart is a retail store that deals with a wide range of home use and general use items.
These product categories range form groceries to drugs and many more other general use items.
Its customers are generally the common people and citizens of the stores environs.
Walmart is distributed in different countries making it a common and popular brand.
Walmart is a brand that has a large client base.
It has existence in around 28 countries with 11,500 stores in operation.
The key strategic model used by Walmart is that they target on improving their consumers’ experience.
This has been achieved by offering services at consumer friendly retail prizes.
Through Walmart's journey, the brand has observed a great portion of success.
3
Vision and Mission
Vision:
To be the best retailer in the hearts and minds of consumers and employees.
Mission:
Saving people money so they can live better.
Philosophy:
If we work together, we’ll lower the cost of living for everyone…we’ll give the world an opportunity to see what it’s like to save and have a better life.
The company’s vision aims at attracting its customers through winning their hearts with the best retail services ever.
The company’s mission aims at saving the customers money by offering the best retail services through subsidized offers.
This shows that Walmart keeps the value of integrity in its core business values.
The other value can be seen from Walmart’s philosophy that encourages teamwork.
This shows that team work is also a core business value for Walmart
4
Leadership and organizational culture
Walmart’s success strategy is based on the Porter’s Model.
It keeps is generic strategic based on cost leadership.
The organization aims at keeping their product and service prices low.
It has been greatly known for offering market subsidized prices for its products.
This becomes that main selling point of the or ...
Business Rio Tinto Group Uk And Human Resource PracticesAmy Moore
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Business Environment Assignment Sample - Assignment Prime Australia
1. Business Environment
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2. Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................4
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Purpose of organizations ...........................................................................................................4
1.2 Iceland Supermarket meets the objectives of its different stakeholders....................................5
1.3 Responsibilities of Iceland Supermarket and strategies to meet expectations of stakeholders. 5
TASK 2 ................................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Different economic systems attempts to allocate resources effectively....................................6
2.2 Impact of fiscal and monetary policy on Iceland Supermarket and its activities .....................8
2.3 Evaluation of impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanism on activities of
Iceland Supermarket .......................................................................................................................9
TASK 3 ................................................................................................................................................9
3.1 Market structure which determine the pricing and output decision of businesses including
Iceland Supermarket .......................................................................................................................9
3.2 Market forces shape Iceland Supermarket responses..............................................................10
3.3 Impact of business and cultural environment in shaping the behaviour of Iceland
Supermarket...................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4...............................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Significance of international trade to Iceland Supermarket.....................................................12
4.2 Impact of global factors on Iceland Supermarket....................................................................12
4.3 Evaluation of impact of policies of the European Union on Iceland Supermarket.................13
CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................14
References..........................................................................................................................................15
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3. Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Free market economy system .......................................................................................7
Illustration 2: Command economy system...........................................................................................7
Illustration 3: Mixed economy system ................................................................................................8
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4. INTRODUCTION
Business environment is a sum of internal and external elements that affect business
operations of a company (Brinkman, Navarro and Harper, 2014). A close interaction between
various activities of an organization and its environment is more important. It helps in giving
strength to the business of an enterprise and utilizing resources in a proper manner. The study of
business environment enables company to interpret future problems in advance so new strategies
and plans can be made according to it. With the help of it, firm can understand market conditions
and develop various policies (Haidrer, 2010). The following research has based on business
environment and to understand the role of it in the business, Iceland Supermarket has taken into the
consideration. It is a subsidiary company of Associated British Food (ABF) Group. It is a retail
supermarket and operated 238 outlets in the UK, Ireland and Europe. Objectives which will cover
under present research are organizational purposes of businesses, nature of the national environment
in which company operates its business, behaviour of firm in the market environment and
significance of the global factors which shape business activities (Craig and Campbell, 2012).
TASK 1
1.1 Purpose of organizations
Iceland Supermarket: It is a subsidiary company of Associated British Food Group and it is
one of the large supermarket chains of retail goods. Present market share of firm till 2014 in UK is
1.9% (UK supermarkets (market share 2015 2014), 2016). Products which are offered by Iceland
Supermarket are frozen goods and groceries. Main purpose of company for doing retail business is
related to meet the consumer’s expectations, raise market share and attract large number of service
users (Groza and Ragland, 2016). To achieve all these objectives, firm is trying to deliver good
purchasing experience to the customers.
KFC: It is a chain of fast food which is specialised in fried chicken. It is world’s second largest
chain of fast food restaurant after McDonald's. It has more than 118 stores across the world and
headquarter of company is situated in United States. Main purpose of KFC for conducting business
in fast food sector is related to offer good quality products and services with wider range of fried
chicken to the customers.
Transport of London (TFL): It is a Statutory Corporation and a local government organization
which is responsible for maintaining transport system of Grater London, England. It is accountable
for managing London road, under and over ground rail networks, trams, taxis, buses, river services
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5. and cycling provision (Hamilton and Webster, 2015). Main purpose of TFL is implementing
transport strategy as well as managing transportation services across London for the convenience of
community and various organizations.
Cancer Research: It is a research centre of cancer where causes of cancer are identified and
according to it, different kinds of strategies for prevention, treatment, diagnosis and cure are
developed. It is a non-profit organization and works for the well-being of community (Higón,
2012). Main aim of research centre is determining various reasons and types of cancer as well as
developing new treatments for the cure of it. Along with this, it is focused on ensuring well-being of
the community.
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1.2 Iceland Supermarket meets the objectives of its different stakeholders
Stakeholder is a group of people who are investing their money in a business with the
intention of getting personal benefits. It can be either internal or external for an organization. They
are investing their money into a business as per their personal interest. Stakeholders of Iceland
Supermarket are employees, employers, consumers, suppliers, distributors, investors, government
etc (Upton, 2010). Company has given authority to its various stakeholders to access important
information about the firm. Along with this, to meet the objectives of stakeholders, firm has
developed various strategies.
For instance, objective of investors is increasing their investment within the firm for get
more return. To meet this objective, Iceland Supermarket has prepared and published annual reports
which includes numerous information regarding profit, revenue, loss, market share etc. this data
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6. shows company’s financial condition in the market (Wang and Altinay, 2012). It helps capitalists to
take decision about whether to increase investment in the firm or not.
Another example can be considered for understanding the role of Iceland Supermarket to
meet the objectives of its stakeholders. Suppose, the objective of consumers towards company
while buying the products are getting extra benefits. For this, firm has introduced different offers on
diversified goods and services so that customers can buy goods and services at low cost (Halbert
and Ingulli, 2014). Hence, with the help of integration of numerous methods, Iceland Supermarket
always tries to meet the objectives of its stakeholders.
1.3 Responsibilities of Iceland Supermarket and strategies to meet expectations of stakeholders
Iceland Supermarket is known as a responsible retailer in British Food retailing sector. With
the time, company has formulated various strategies and methods to fulfil its responsibilities
towards its numerous stakeholders (Taylor Gooby, 2012). For example: in the present time,‐
customers are more aware towards their health and for this, they are focused on avoiding those food
products which contain artificial colours, fats, harmful chemicals etc. To meet this expectation of
consumers, Iceland Supermarket has developed “Good Food” strategy in which company has
removed artificial colours, monosodium glutamate, banned mechanically recovered meat,
hydrogenated fats, banned genetically modified ingredients etc from its all outlets.
On the other hand, government of UK expects from Iceland Supermarket to protect
environment and nature. In this context, it is a major responsibility of company to reduce the impact
of different business operations on the environment. In this context, organization has formulated
some strategies for reducing carbon footprints, minimising wastage, promoting recycling, reducing
carrier bag waste etc (Corporate Responsibility, 2016). To achieve all these, Iceland Supermarket
has installed energy efficient lighting and air conditioning equipment in the stores. Along with this,
company has developed new control strategy through which it can control store heating and air
conditioning requirement to reduce the consumption of energy and its wastage (Siewiorek and et.al.,
2012). New robust targeting and monitoring system of firm is focused on collecting half hourly data
of all the outlets in order to determine those areas where electricity is consumed more.
In 2011, Iceland Supermarket invested more than £5 million on different energy saving
projects like Voltage Optimization, high Efficiency Lighting etc. On the other hand, firm has
developed a strategy for minimizing waste and promoting recycling. By using recycling, re-usable
carrier bags are made that are available at different outlets. At every distribution depots, there is one
recycling centre setup where all outer shrinkwrap collected and recycle (Alcidi and Gros, 2011).
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7. Therefore, from the above discussion, it has been concluded that there are various responsibilities
and strategies formulated by Iceland Supermarket to meet the objectives of stakeholders.
TASK 2
2.1 Different economic systems attempts to allocate resources effectively
Free market economy: Under this economic system, government has less intervention on
company for the allocation of resources. It is a complete capitalist economy where organizations are
operating business only for profit making (Free market economies. 2016). In this economy, business
enterprise can trade goods at the high prices and consumers are willing to pay for it. Further,
workers of the organization demand high salary and company is willing to pay for their efforts.
Transitional economy: This economy is adopted for developing industry in the marketplace. Here,
a central planned economy is changed into free market economy (Transition economies, 2016).
Command economy: Here, government takes decision to supply products in the market as well as
set their prices (Command economies, 2016). For instance: government has developed some laws
such as taking taxes from the organizations and after that spending of those funds.
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Illustration 1: Free market economy system
(Source: Free market economies, 2016)
8. Mixed economy: It is a mixer of command and free market economic system where government
and companies can take decision either mutually or individually for the allocation of resources
(Mixed economies, 2016). For instance: government and private companies both takes decisions for
the allocation of resources in private sector by discussion process.
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Illustration 2: Command economy system
(Source: Command economies, 2016)
Illustration 3: Mixed economy system
(Source: Mixed economies, 2016)
9. 2.2 Impact of fiscal and monetary policy on Iceland Supermarket and its activities
Impact of fiscal policy on Iceland Supermarket: Fiscal policy is used to influence the level of
economic activities of a nation by making changes in spending of government and taxation policy.
Federal Government develops taxation and government spending policy to run economy of the
country in a right direction with the help of decreasing or increasing demand as well as availability
of commodities (Pettinger, 2007). Changes in taxation fiscal policy affect customer’s demands due
to the alteration in amount of disposable income of the consumers. For instance: increase in tax
leads to decrease the net income of people and they become more budget conscious as well as they
limit their expenditures (Smithers, 2015). It is directly affected the demand of goods of Iceland
Supermarket and this in turn decreases the sales of products and services.
Impact of monetary policy on Iceland Supermarket: Monetary policy is used to control
macro-economic variables of economy with the help of interest rate. The impact of it on Iceland
Supermarket and its business operations can be understood by an example. If, Federal Government
increases the interest rate of bank loan then, it will create difficulties for customers to take loans
over high interest rate. It will also lead to reduce the spending power of consumers on the luxury
goods of Iceland Supermarket (Brunot, 2015). Due to this, demand of the products and services will
be reduced. Most of the services users will focus on limit the expenditure and save more money. It
will decrease the sales of company and it will lead to reduce its profit and revenue.
Therefore, from the above discussion, it has been determined that monetary and fiscal policy
of UK government put its positive and negative impact on Iceland Supermarket and its business
activities.
2.3 Evaluation of impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanism on activities of
Iceland Supermarket
Impact of competition policy on the activities of Iceland Supermarket: Growth is an
important aspect for every type of organization which can only achieve by competition. UK
government has formulated and imposed various competition policy for all the industries. As per the
Competition Act 1998, there should be fair competition between the companies of same sector. Due
to this, Iceland Supermarket is adopting anti-competitive practices to take advantage of high
competition in the market (Galbreath, 2009). Along with this, it has promoted enterprise to brought
new innovations and styles in goods and services in order to gain competitive advantage. Another
impact of competition policy is improving quality of goods which enables Iceland Supermarket to
attract new customers along with raising its market share.
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10. Impact of other regulatory mechanisms on activities of Iceland Supermarket: There are
various regulatory mechanisms that are related to health and safety at workplace, employment
opportunities, improving working conditions etc. These all are developed by UK government for
every kind of industry. In this regard, Iceland Supermarket has started to prepare different strategies
to achieve the goal of making sustainable business and build good image in the marketplace (Haigh
and Brubaker, 2010). The overall impact of various regulatory mechanisms on company’s business
activities are increasing customer satisfaction level, market share, created good image in market,
bring the new innovation in existing goods and services, raised sales and profits, meet the
expectations of internal as well as external stakeholders and many other things.
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TASK 3
3.1 Market structures which determine pricing and output decision of businesses including Iceland
Supermarket
Market structure and setting of pricing of goods are interrelated to each other. These are the
part of economic structure of each and every organization. Perfect competition, oligopoly,
monopoly and monopolistic are the types of market structure. In perfect competition, there are no
market entry as well as exit barriers and companies are focused on offering homogeneous goods
and services to same target market. In monopoly, there is only one organization dominating in the
market. There are some market entry barriers but profit margins are high as compare to perfect
competition market structure (Hanning, 2013). On the other hand, in monopolistic market structure,
there is no market entry as well as exit barriers and companies are focused on offering differentiated
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11. goods and services to the community. It helps in making huge profit for the long time and enjoying
present market condition. Beside this, oligopoly market is dominated by the few firms and they
serve similar services to the same target market.
From the last decade, British retail market has been dominating by few large supermarket
chains in which Iceland Supermarket is also included. Due to the reason of economic recession,
prices of food and grocery products become vary and this thing has influenced the British
consumers to look for value of money. From the research, it has been identified that thinking of
buyers are shifting and they are attracting towards convenience stores. This thing is responsible for
determining the prices of goods along with taking output decisions (Statistics and facts on
Supermarkets in the United Kingdom, 2016). But market structure is more important aspect as
compare to other elements which helps Iceland Supermarket in taking pricing decisions. Market
structure of grocery and food retail industry of UK is oligopoly (Supermarkets, 2016). But market
structure of cited company is perfect competition as by adopting this, firm and its competitors are
offering homogeneous commodities to the customers. It has increased competition level between
Iceland Supermarket and its competitors in the consumer oriented market (Kunnanatt, 2011).
Hence, perfect competition market structure assists Iceland Supermarket to set pricing of its
products in an effective manner along with taking many other business related decisions.
3.2 Market forces shape Iceland Supermarket responses
There are various market forces which shape Iceland Supermarket responses. These are as
follows:
Demand and supply: As per the increase or decrease in the demand of goods in the respect
of services users, Iceland Supermarket needs to make changes in its demand and supply.
Organization develops future objectives related to increase its sales of products. So, it is
important to determine the demand of particular goods so that decision related to the
production of more commodities can be taken.
Elasticity of demand and supply: Elasticity of demand is varied as per the demand of goods
in the market and the pricing of goods. For instance: Iceland Supermarket wants to sell old
stock and elasticity of demand and supply of particular good is high (Sledge, 2011).
Therefore, response of company towards it is that firm will decrease the prices of products
in order to release old stock.
Economic of sales: It is a cost benefit method that is achieved by manufacturing products
according to the cost per unit. For example: Iceland Supermarket wants to decrease the final
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12. price of its products so that customer can get good quality of commodities at lower prices.
To give response towards the following market force, company has to increase volume of
production of its goods so that low cost per unit can be maintained.
Expectations of customers: With the time, needs and wants of consumer have changed to a
lot which is another big market force. For instance: customers of Iceland Supermarket are
looking towards the fashionable cloths which are comfortable in every season (Zhang and
Huang, 2012). Therefore, with respect to this market force, Iceland Supermarket can bring
some new innovations or modifications in its existing products.
3.3 Impact of business and cultural environment in shaping the behaviour of Iceland Supermarket
Impact of business environment in shaping behaviour of Iceland Supermarket
Technology, legal, social, economic, environment etc are some factors of business
environment which shape the behaviour of Iceland Supermarket (Gupta, Clements and Inchauste,
2004). In the present time, use of technology has been increased to great extent. In this context,
Iceland Supermarket offers internet shopping services to its customers and the services users are
like this concept (Wittgreffe and Memmory, 2000). The result of this approach is that the sales of
company has raised by £1M and order delivery revenue has increased by 40%.
On the other hand, environmental factor has also affected the business of company and lead
to change its responses. By obeying all the rules and regulations of UK government, Iceland
Supermarket is focused on minimizing the impact of its business operations on nature. Along with
this, organization has adopted forward thinking policies with the aim of minimising environmental
impact and using hydrocarbon refrigerants in outlets to store frozen food products (Brinkman,
Navarro and Harper, 2014). Furthermore, firm has contracted and started working with external
parties such as Carbon Trust, British Retail Consortium Environmental Policy Action Group,
WRAP etc.
Impact of cultural environment in shaping behaviour of Iceland Supermarket
From the last few years, people have been supporting and consuming those goods which are
prepared by considering ethical consideration and without harming environment as well as animals.
Therefore, such kind of culture and values of customers are affecting business of Iceland
Supermarket. Due to this, company is now considering some ethical consideration while operating
business. Further, staff members of the organization belong to different culture backgrounds (Craig
and Campbell, 2012). Due to this, working style and thinking of each individuals vary from one
another.
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13. TASK 4
4.1 Significance of international trade to Iceland Supermarket
International trade means selling or buying of products and services in between two or more
countries. Significance of international business to Iceland Supermarket is that it gives opportunities
to the company to gain competitive advantage at the global level. It also provides mutual benefits to
UK and other trading nations. With the help of international trade, firm can get opportunity to
expand business at the global level (Dudovskiy, 2013). On the other hand, another significance of
international business to Iceland Supermarket is related to share resources with other internal
companies in order lower down the cost of production. With the help of international trade,
enterprise will be able to develop goods in those countries where labour cost is low as compare to
other nations. It will decrease the cost of manufacturing in terms of per unit of product. Moreover,
Iceland Supermarket can use other company’s plants and equipment for manufacturing of
commodities (Groza and Ragland, 2016). This in turn leads to reduce the investment of firm for
establishing new plants in the oversee nations. Some more significance of international trade to
Iceland Supermarket are as follows.
It helps in taking advantage of new technologies during different business operations such as
distribution of goods, acquiring raw materials etc.
It leads to enhance the number of sales.
It is focused on raising profit and revenue of the company.
It decreases dependency level of company on domestic market for increasing its market
share.
It leads to bring stabilization in business due to seasonal demand.
It is focused on achieving good and stable economic of scale (Benefits of International
Trade, 2010).
4.2 Impact of global factors on Iceland Supermarket
Impact of various global factors on Iceland Supermarket are as follows.
Positive impact
Global factors have increased the economic condition of Iceland Supermarket at the time of
operating business at the global level.
It has raised the sales figures of Iceland Supermarket and helped in making huge profit.
Along with this, it makes easy to increase market share (Hamilton and Webster, 2015).
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14. Various international factors have delivered opportunity to company to expand business at
the global level.
Global factors have reduced risk at international level which help Iceland Supermarket to
offer good quality of commodities at reasonable prices to customers.
Another impacts of global factor on organization are related to minimize the cost of
manufacturing per unit, effective utilization of resources, taking advantages of new
technology and achieving good economic of scale (Higón, 2012).
International factors of Iceland Supermarket have promoted multiculturalism within the
workplace and developed new perspective to solve various business problems.
Negative impact
Negative impact of global factor for Iceland Supermarket is that it has created threats for
company from emerging markets. BRIC countries are now starting to grow and it has been
predicted that in near future, BRIC nations will be become market leader of retail industry
(Upton, 2010).
International factors have increased unemployment rates, affected exchange rate of currency,
deviate inflation rates etc which have affected business of Iceland Supermarket in a negative
direction.
Global factors have developed misunderstanding between staff members of Iceland
Supermarket who are belonging to diversified culture. It has directly affected performance
and productivity of the company in a destructive manner (Wang and Altinay, 2012).
4.3 Evaluation of impact of policies of the European Union on Iceland Supermarket
European Union (EU) has formulated various policies for the retail industry which affect the
business of companies to a great extent. As per the Employment Policy of EU, every organization
should protect the rights of employees during their job. In this context, Iceland Supermarket has
developed many HR policies for the staff members such as anti-discrimination. Along with this,
firm has adopted many types of health and safety frameworks for the employees to protect them
from various hazards or accidents (Halbert and Ingulli, 2014). Beside this, by following
employment policy, organization has opened new stores in UK which will lead to increase
opportunities of employment for the community.
On the other side, according to Education and Training Policy of EU, firm should emphasize
on improving the quality of training as well as education of employees so that they can get better
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15. growth opportunities (Taylor Gooby, 2012). For this, Iceland Supermarket has adopted on the job‐
and off the job training as well as education methods for the staff members. In addition to this,
company has invested more amount of money on giving training to employees with the intention of
improving job quality. These methods are used for both new and existing workers of the
organization so that their productivity can be improved. Therefore, from the evaluation of impact of
EU policies on Iceland Supermarket, it has found that EU frameworks are constructive which help
in bringing new changes in firm to take competitive advantage in the marketplace (Siewiorek and
et.al., 2012).
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CONCLUSION
From the above research, it has been concluded that business environment is a combination
of both internal and external factors. Iceland Supermarket has formulated and implemented various
strategies and methods to meet the expectations of its stakeholders. Perfect competition market
structure is used by the company. Various market forces have given shaped to the responses and
behaviour of organization. International trading has provided many advantages to Iceland
Supermarket.
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