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   Bullying is repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behaviour that is
    harmful and involves the misuse of power by an individual or group towards one or
    more persons. Cyberbullying refers to bullying through information and
    communication technologies.
   Bullying can involve humiliation, domination, intimidation, victimisation and all
    forms of harassment including that based on sex, race, disability, homosexuality or
    transgender. Bullying of any form or for any reason can have long-term effects on
    those involved including bystanders.
   Bullying can happen anywhere: at school, travelling to and from school, in sporting
    teams, between neighbours or in the workplace.
   Bullying behaviour can be:
     › verbal eg name calling, teasing, abuse, putdowns, sarcasm, insults, threats
     › physical eg hitting, punching, kicking, scratching, tripping, spitting
     › social eg ignoring, excluding, ostracising, alienating, making inappropriate
         gestures
     › psychological eg spreading rumours, dirty looks, hiding or damaging
         possessions, malicious SMS and email messages, inappropriate use of camera
         phones.
   Conflict or fights between equals and single incidents are not defined as bullying.
    Bullying behaviour is not:
   children not getting along well
   a situation of mutual conflict
   single episodes of nastiness or random acts of aggression or intimidation.
   http://youtu.be/ZNC8ONjfFls
   One student in every four in Australian schools is affected by bullying, says
    recent research commissioned by the Federal Government.
   An estimated 200 million children and youth around the world are being
    bullied by their peers, according to the 2007 Kandersteg Declaration Against
    Bullying in Children and Youth.
   Kids who are bullied are three times more likely to show depressive symptoms,
    says the Centre for Adolescent Health.
   Children who were bullied were up to nine times more likely to have suicidal
    thoughts, say some studies.
   Girls who were victims of bullying in their early primary school years were more
    likely to remain victims as they got older, according to British research.
   Children who were frequently bullied by their peers were more likely to
    develop psychotic symptoms in their early adolescence, says more UK
    research.
   Girls were much more likely than boys to be victims of both cyber and
    traditional bullying, says a recent Murdoch Children's Research Institute study.
   Children as young as three can become victims of bullying, says Canadian
    research.
   Young people who bully have a one in four chance of having a criminal
    record by the age of 30.
   Bullying is the fourth most common reason young people seek help from
    children's help services.
The extent of bullying among Australian school children and attitudes toward victims of bullying
were investigated in a survey of Australian school children between the ages of 6 and 16 years
(n= 685) and their teachers (n = 32). Approximately 1 child in 10 was subjected to peer group
bullying. Boys reported being bullied more often than girls, who tended to be more supportive
of victims. With increasing age, there was a slight but significant decline in reported bullying;
notably, however, attitudes toward victims became less supportive. Attitudes toward victims
were examined in detail by using a reliable and validated 20-item Likert scale.

Factor analyses of the children‘s responses yielded three interpretable factors: a tendency to
despise the victims of bullies; general admiration for school bullies; and avowed support for
intervention to assist the victim. An understanding of such attitudes is desirable for designing
effective intervention programs. The extent of bullying among Australian school children and
attitudes toward victims of bullying were investigated in a survey of Australian school children
between the ages of 6 and 16 years (n= 685) and their teachers (n = 32).

Approximately 1 child in 10 was subjected to peer group bullying. Boys reported being bullied
more often than girls, who tended to be more supportive of victims. With increasing age, there
was a slight but significant decline in reported bullying; notably, however, attitudes toward
victims became less supportive. Attitudes toward victims were examined in detail by using a
reliable and validated 20-item Likert scale. Factor analyses of the children‘s responses yielded
three interpretable factors: a tendency to despise the victims of bullies; general admiration for
school bullies; and avowed support for intervention to assist the victim. An understanding of
such attitudes is desirable for designing effective intervention programs.
Bullying affects everyone in different ways. But there are common feelings that come up
when you are being bullied.
How bullying can affect individuals includes feeling:
    guilty like it is your fault
    hopeless and stuck like you can’t get out of the situation
    alone, like there is no one to help you
    like you don’t fit in with the cool group
    depressed and rejected by your friends and other groups of people
    unsafe and afraid
    confused and stressed out wondering what to do and why this is happening to you
    ashamed that this is happening to you
Bullying can have a negative impact on everyone – it is not just a problem for victims and
bullies. If you see or know of others been bullied you may feel angry, fearful, guilty, and sad.
You may also feel worried that the bullying could happen to you.
When bullying isn’t stopped or challenged by anyone it can create an environment where
bullying is accepted and where everyone feels powerless to stop it.
"Australian and international research shows time and time again that
a school can contribute to a young person's resilience by providing a
safe and caring environment, high but achievable expectations, and
opportunities to learn and practise effective coping skills within the
academic curriculum," said Dr Noble.

"The greater someone's resilience, the less likely they are to relate to
others in a defensive or aggressive way. They are also more likely to
be able to 'bounce back' from stressful situations," she said.

Bullying is now recognised as a human rights issue and a serious
problem for everyone - for those who are bullied, for those who take
part in bullying and for teachers, parents and the communities in
which this antisocial and oppressive behaviour occurs. Bullying
Solutions provides practical advice to educators and others working
with children on the delivery of anti-bullying programs.
   http://youtu.be/W1g9RV9OKhg
   Hirsch, L. (Director). (2012). Bully [Motion Picture].
   Kidspot. (2013). Facts and Figures bout Bullying. Retrieved from Mums' School
    Zone: file:///D:/Bullying%20in%20schools%20references.docx
   Rigby, K., & Slee, P. T. (1991). Bullying among Australian School Children:
    Reported Behavior and Attitudes toward Victims. The Journal of Social
    Psychology.
   TheEllenShow. (2012, September 10). YouTube. Retrieved from A bullied
    student finds an inspiring Hero:
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNC8ONjfFls
   Unknown. (2005, November 14). ACU Lecturer says resilience helps combat
    school bullying. Retrieved from Catholic News:
    http://cathnews.acu.edu.au/511/77.php
   Unknown. (2011, February 17). Social and Emotional Wellbeing: Bullying at
    School. Retrieved from The Australian Bureau of Statistics:
    http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/lookup/4704.0Chapter460Oct+2
    010
   Unknown. (2012, February 27). A definition of Bullying. Retrieved from NSW
    Public Schools:
    http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/studentsupport/bullying/definition/index.ph
    p
   Unknown. (2013, February 27). Bullying. Retrieved from Reach Out:
    http://au.reachout.com/Bullying

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Bullying in schools2

  • 1.
  • 2. Bullying is repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behaviour that is harmful and involves the misuse of power by an individual or group towards one or more persons. Cyberbullying refers to bullying through information and communication technologies.  Bullying can involve humiliation, domination, intimidation, victimisation and all forms of harassment including that based on sex, race, disability, homosexuality or transgender. Bullying of any form or for any reason can have long-term effects on those involved including bystanders.  Bullying can happen anywhere: at school, travelling to and from school, in sporting teams, between neighbours or in the workplace.  Bullying behaviour can be: › verbal eg name calling, teasing, abuse, putdowns, sarcasm, insults, threats › physical eg hitting, punching, kicking, scratching, tripping, spitting › social eg ignoring, excluding, ostracising, alienating, making inappropriate gestures › psychological eg spreading rumours, dirty looks, hiding or damaging possessions, malicious SMS and email messages, inappropriate use of camera phones.  Conflict or fights between equals and single incidents are not defined as bullying. Bullying behaviour is not:  children not getting along well  a situation of mutual conflict  single episodes of nastiness or random acts of aggression or intimidation.
  • 3. http://youtu.be/ZNC8ONjfFls
  • 4. One student in every four in Australian schools is affected by bullying, says recent research commissioned by the Federal Government.  An estimated 200 million children and youth around the world are being bullied by their peers, according to the 2007 Kandersteg Declaration Against Bullying in Children and Youth.  Kids who are bullied are three times more likely to show depressive symptoms, says the Centre for Adolescent Health.  Children who were bullied were up to nine times more likely to have suicidal thoughts, say some studies.  Girls who were victims of bullying in their early primary school years were more likely to remain victims as they got older, according to British research.  Children who were frequently bullied by their peers were more likely to develop psychotic symptoms in their early adolescence, says more UK research.  Girls were much more likely than boys to be victims of both cyber and traditional bullying, says a recent Murdoch Children's Research Institute study.  Children as young as three can become victims of bullying, says Canadian research.  Young people who bully have a one in four chance of having a criminal record by the age of 30.  Bullying is the fourth most common reason young people seek help from children's help services.
  • 5. The extent of bullying among Australian school children and attitudes toward victims of bullying were investigated in a survey of Australian school children between the ages of 6 and 16 years (n= 685) and their teachers (n = 32). Approximately 1 child in 10 was subjected to peer group bullying. Boys reported being bullied more often than girls, who tended to be more supportive of victims. With increasing age, there was a slight but significant decline in reported bullying; notably, however, attitudes toward victims became less supportive. Attitudes toward victims were examined in detail by using a reliable and validated 20-item Likert scale. Factor analyses of the children‘s responses yielded three interpretable factors: a tendency to despise the victims of bullies; general admiration for school bullies; and avowed support for intervention to assist the victim. An understanding of such attitudes is desirable for designing effective intervention programs. The extent of bullying among Australian school children and attitudes toward victims of bullying were investigated in a survey of Australian school children between the ages of 6 and 16 years (n= 685) and their teachers (n = 32). Approximately 1 child in 10 was subjected to peer group bullying. Boys reported being bullied more often than girls, who tended to be more supportive of victims. With increasing age, there was a slight but significant decline in reported bullying; notably, however, attitudes toward victims became less supportive. Attitudes toward victims were examined in detail by using a reliable and validated 20-item Likert scale. Factor analyses of the children‘s responses yielded three interpretable factors: a tendency to despise the victims of bullies; general admiration for school bullies; and avowed support for intervention to assist the victim. An understanding of such attitudes is desirable for designing effective intervention programs.
  • 6. Bullying affects everyone in different ways. But there are common feelings that come up when you are being bullied. How bullying can affect individuals includes feeling:  guilty like it is your fault  hopeless and stuck like you can’t get out of the situation  alone, like there is no one to help you  like you don’t fit in with the cool group  depressed and rejected by your friends and other groups of people  unsafe and afraid  confused and stressed out wondering what to do and why this is happening to you  ashamed that this is happening to you Bullying can have a negative impact on everyone – it is not just a problem for victims and bullies. If you see or know of others been bullied you may feel angry, fearful, guilty, and sad. You may also feel worried that the bullying could happen to you. When bullying isn’t stopped or challenged by anyone it can create an environment where bullying is accepted and where everyone feels powerless to stop it.
  • 7. "Australian and international research shows time and time again that a school can contribute to a young person's resilience by providing a safe and caring environment, high but achievable expectations, and opportunities to learn and practise effective coping skills within the academic curriculum," said Dr Noble. "The greater someone's resilience, the less likely they are to relate to others in a defensive or aggressive way. They are also more likely to be able to 'bounce back' from stressful situations," she said. Bullying is now recognised as a human rights issue and a serious problem for everyone - for those who are bullied, for those who take part in bullying and for teachers, parents and the communities in which this antisocial and oppressive behaviour occurs. Bullying Solutions provides practical advice to educators and others working with children on the delivery of anti-bullying programs.
  • 8. http://youtu.be/W1g9RV9OKhg
  • 9. Hirsch, L. (Director). (2012). Bully [Motion Picture].  Kidspot. (2013). Facts and Figures bout Bullying. Retrieved from Mums' School Zone: file:///D:/Bullying%20in%20schools%20references.docx  Rigby, K., & Slee, P. T. (1991). Bullying among Australian School Children: Reported Behavior and Attitudes toward Victims. The Journal of Social Psychology.  TheEllenShow. (2012, September 10). YouTube. Retrieved from A bullied student finds an inspiring Hero: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNC8ONjfFls  Unknown. (2005, November 14). ACU Lecturer says resilience helps combat school bullying. Retrieved from Catholic News: http://cathnews.acu.edu.au/511/77.php  Unknown. (2011, February 17). Social and Emotional Wellbeing: Bullying at School. Retrieved from The Australian Bureau of Statistics: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/lookup/4704.0Chapter460Oct+2 010  Unknown. (2012, February 27). A definition of Bullying. Retrieved from NSW Public Schools: http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/studentsupport/bullying/definition/index.ph p  Unknown. (2013, February 27). Bullying. Retrieved from Reach Out: http://au.reachout.com/Bullying

Editor's Notes

  1. The topic for this presentation is Bullying in Schools, with a focus on prevention and the effects that not only the victim suffers but also the bully and many other members within the school and surrounding community. Some say that bullying is a growing epidemic not only in Australia, but all over the world. Dr. Noble who is working on the National Safe Schools Framework and is a member of the National Centre Against Bullying believes that with the message that bullying is unacceptable, media is more likely to report cases of bullying, not necessarily that bullying is more prevalent. Many of the articles I have chosen because they are easily accessible to students and parents and are mostly written in a way that is easy to understand and provides lots of other support to those being bullied. The articles shown are direct snippets to provide an understanding of what the article is about. Say NO to bullying!!!!
  2. This short article is written by NSW Public Schools and was last updated on the 27th of February 2012. It was written as a support for students, to help them understand what bullying is and recognise whether or not they are a part of it as either the bully, the victim or the bystander. It tells us that bullying is ‘repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behaviour that is harmful and involves the misuse of power...’ This article presents a rather detailed definition of bullying in a factual way devoid of emotion. It is written in third person without personal examples allowing the reader to relate it to their personal life. This article not only gives insight into what bullying is but also what it is not. I think that it is important to make this distinction so students and teachers alike do not confuse a joke that accidently went to far, or a one off bad day as the serious act of bullying. As a pre-service teacher I would incorporate this article into a lesson plan to make children aware of what bullying is.
  3. This youtube video is a video copyright by TheEllenShow and shares the story of a college student, Jordan who lives in Virginia and has suffered bullying for some time. His most recent attacks have been on his car. People have carved the words ‘die’ and ‘fag’ into the doors of his car along with slashing his tyres and smashing his windscreen. Not only has this had a huge impact on him but also his family and other community members. The effects of this reached a business owner about an hour away who took a stand against this discrimination and volunteered to fix his car. This story made it all the way to Ellen Degeneres who made the story public. I appreciate how the focus on this story is not solely on the bullying but on the kindness of the man who went out of his way to help out another human in need, purely because he ‘felt it was the right thing to do’. Stories such as these inspire me to be a better person and I hope to make a positive difference in someone’s life like this man has. This story is presented in such a way that is focuses on the positives and even adds humour into a bad, upsetting situation. This is done in a way that doesn’t take away the importance of the issue or the message that bullying is bad. We have to educate students in our schools to prevent bullying from getting this far!
  4. The next two slides will be talking about the statistics of bullying and were written after many separate studies where undertaken. The first article presented on the first slide was written for a website called Mum’s School Zone and was intended to keep parents connected and aware of their child’s education. The above statistics were taken from many different sources and makes it difficult to compare to the second set as the variables for each study are not stated. I believe that many people will passively accept this information as truth without thinking critically about the information presented to them. The writer has simply added a name of where the information has come from taking it out of context and not telling us as readers any of the parameters of the information. Are these studies relevant in Australia? If so, is it relevant in just one state or one school? Although this information may not be completely true it does pass across some of the effects that bullying can have and also implies that bullying is bad.
  5. This shows an abstract of an academic article from the website Taylor and Francis Online. It is called Bullying among Australian School Children: Reported Behaviours and Attitudes towards Victims written by Ken Rigby and Phillip T. Slee in 1991. Although this article is over 10 years old I believe that its description of students attitudes towards victims of bullying is very relevant. I work with children quite often over many age levels and have noticed the change in attitude towards bullies in primary school to high school. This article goes very in depth in the study providing facts and figures about bullying occurrences in schools. However it does not give very many suggestions for preventing bullying. The language used can also be difficult to read and the writers seem to assume reader knowledge. I believe that even though this article was written over 10 years ago it is still relevant as if we don’t learn from our past we are likely to repeat it in the future.
  6. This article is taken form a website called Reach Out that aims to provide people in particular youth with a way to ‘reach out’ and get help with many various problems. It is written in a simple easy to read way and although it gives many effects that a victim may have it does not go too in depth into what effects the bully or bystander may have. However, I feel as though the last sentence on this slide is the most powerful, ‘When bullying isn’t stopped or challenged by anyone it can create an environment where bullying is accepted and where everyone feels powerless to stop it’. This is a powerful message not only to victims but to bystanders and those who aren’t directly effected by bullying. Like Richard off the previous video we need to tke the time out to help someone, because its the right thing to do!
  7. After seeing this trailer I bought ‘Bully’ the movie. It is a documentary that shows the full effects that bullying can have on a person, their family and their community. It tells real stories with real emotions and real consequences. The language used on this video is so real that as the viewer I felt the emotions that the person was feeling. Being honest I did go through nearly a whole box of tissues to watch it. As your brain does not fully develop cognitively till years after school it is difficult for a young person to fully comprehend the consequences of their actions. It can take a lot of explaining from different people at different stages in that persons life. Many adults still do not fully comprehend the effect their actions can have on a person. This movie sends out many important messages not only to the bully but to the victims and bystanders. STOP BULLYING