this presentation shows that the bearing of a bridge. what is the type of bearing used? category of bridge describe. know about the significance of bridge. why bearing is essential.
Bridge bearings are structural devices installed between bridge substructures and superstructures. They transfer loads while allowing for movement. There are two main types: expansion bearings, which allow translational and rotational movement, and fixed bearings, which allow limited translational and rotational movement. Common bearing types include sliding, rocker and pin, roller, elastomeric, curved, pot, and disk bearings. Each has distinct structures, materials, and abilities to accommodate different load types and movements. Regular inspection and maintenance are important due to risks of corrosion and damage over time.
Bridge bearings are used to transfer forces from the superstructure to the substructure while allowing movements. Traditional bearings included pin, roller, rocker, and sliding metal bearings. Pin bearings allow rotation but not translation. Roller bearings allow longitudinal movement and restrict lateral and rotational movement using gearing. Rocker and pin bearings are used in steel bridges as they accommodate both rotational and translational movements. Sliding bearings use low-friction materials like PTFE to allow translation. Modern bearings include pot, laminated elastomeric, lead-rubber, and plain elastomeric bearings. AASHTO guidelines provide criteria for selecting suitable bearings based on required movements and load resistances
Bridge Bearings has been considered as of huge importance in civil engineering. It plays a significant role in the structure of bridges. This presentation covers the complete study of Bridge Bearings.
Bridge bearings allow movement of the bridge superstructure and transfer forces between the superstructure and substructure. Common early bearing types included pin, roller, rocker, and sliding metal bearings. Modern bearing types include pot, elastomeric, laminated elastomeric, and sliding bearings. Selection of the appropriate bearing type depends on required movements and load resistance based on AASHTO guidelines. An example is provided demonstrating the design process for an elastomeric bearing, including calculation of bearing loads, preliminary sizing, and stress checks to determine the final design thickness.
Rail gauges are defined as the minimum perpendicular distance between the inner faces of two rails. Key factors that affect rail gauge selection include traffic conditions, development needs of poor areas, desired speed of movement, construction costs, and terrain. Common rail gauges include broad, standard, metre, and narrow. Rails are high carbon steel sections laid end to end on sleepers to provide a continuous, level surface for train movement and load distribution. Common rail types are double headed, bull headed, and flat footed (Vignoles) rails, with flat footed rails now comprising around 90% of global track due to advantages like reduced costs and greater stiffness.
This presentation discusses the points and crossings used in railways. Especially It deals with the types of turnout - Right-Hand Turnout and Left-hand Turnout. parts of turnout and also the different types of crossings based on the angle.
This document provides a review of bridge bearings. It begins with an introduction to bridges and discusses how earthquakes can damage bridges. It then discusses the importance of bridge bearings, which provide a resting surface between the bridge pier and deck, in resisting earthquakes as they are vulnerable components.
The document reviews the various types of bridge bearings, including elastomeric pads, pot bearings, sliding surfaces using lubricated bronze or PTFE, and curved sliding surfaces like spherical or cylindrical bearings. It also discusses the behavior and properties of each type. Finally, it provides a literature review summarizing previous research conducted on modeling and analyzing the seismic performance of bridges using different types of isolation bearings. In general,
Bridge bearings are structural devices installed between bridge substructures and superstructures. They transfer loads while allowing for movement. There are two main types: expansion bearings, which allow translational and rotational movement, and fixed bearings, which allow limited translational and rotational movement. Common bearing types include sliding, rocker and pin, roller, elastomeric, curved, pot, and disk bearings. Each has distinct structures, materials, and abilities to accommodate different load types and movements. Regular inspection and maintenance are important due to risks of corrosion and damage over time.
Bridge bearings are used to transfer forces from the superstructure to the substructure while allowing movements. Traditional bearings included pin, roller, rocker, and sliding metal bearings. Pin bearings allow rotation but not translation. Roller bearings allow longitudinal movement and restrict lateral and rotational movement using gearing. Rocker and pin bearings are used in steel bridges as they accommodate both rotational and translational movements. Sliding bearings use low-friction materials like PTFE to allow translation. Modern bearings include pot, laminated elastomeric, lead-rubber, and plain elastomeric bearings. AASHTO guidelines provide criteria for selecting suitable bearings based on required movements and load resistances
Bridge Bearings has been considered as of huge importance in civil engineering. It plays a significant role in the structure of bridges. This presentation covers the complete study of Bridge Bearings.
Bridge bearings allow movement of the bridge superstructure and transfer forces between the superstructure and substructure. Common early bearing types included pin, roller, rocker, and sliding metal bearings. Modern bearing types include pot, elastomeric, laminated elastomeric, and sliding bearings. Selection of the appropriate bearing type depends on required movements and load resistance based on AASHTO guidelines. An example is provided demonstrating the design process for an elastomeric bearing, including calculation of bearing loads, preliminary sizing, and stress checks to determine the final design thickness.
Rail gauges are defined as the minimum perpendicular distance between the inner faces of two rails. Key factors that affect rail gauge selection include traffic conditions, development needs of poor areas, desired speed of movement, construction costs, and terrain. Common rail gauges include broad, standard, metre, and narrow. Rails are high carbon steel sections laid end to end on sleepers to provide a continuous, level surface for train movement and load distribution. Common rail types are double headed, bull headed, and flat footed (Vignoles) rails, with flat footed rails now comprising around 90% of global track due to advantages like reduced costs and greater stiffness.
This presentation discusses the points and crossings used in railways. Especially It deals with the types of turnout - Right-Hand Turnout and Left-hand Turnout. parts of turnout and also the different types of crossings based on the angle.
This document provides a review of bridge bearings. It begins with an introduction to bridges and discusses how earthquakes can damage bridges. It then discusses the importance of bridge bearings, which provide a resting surface between the bridge pier and deck, in resisting earthquakes as they are vulnerable components.
The document reviews the various types of bridge bearings, including elastomeric pads, pot bearings, sliding surfaces using lubricated bronze or PTFE, and curved sliding surfaces like spherical or cylindrical bearings. It also discusses the behavior and properties of each type. Finally, it provides a literature review summarizing previous research conducted on modeling and analyzing the seismic performance of bridges using different types of isolation bearings. In general,
Bridges: Classification of bridges – with respect to construction
materials, structural behavior of super structure, span, sub structure,
purpose. Temporary and movable bridges. Factors affecting site
selection. Various loads/stresses acting on bridges. Bridge hydrology –
design discharge, water way, afflux, scour depth, economical span.
Bridge components – foundation, piers, abutments, wing wall, approach,
bearings, floor, girders, cables, suspenders. Methods of erection of
different types of bridges. River training works and maintenance of
bridges. Testing and strengthening of bridges. Bridge architect.
The tremie method is used to place concrete underwater using a watertight pipe. A tremie pipe with a funnel top and sealed bottom is used to pour high-slump concrete into place without allowing water ingress. The tremie pipe remains embedded in the wet concrete as it is lifted to continuously place concrete from bottom to top until the level rises above water. Precautions must be taken to prevent water flow and ensure the tremie seal is maintained during placement.
Introduction to railway tracks. in above presentation the types of rails, requirements and failures of rails is thoroughly mentioned in layman language.
This Presentation Contains Railway engineering concepts. The contents covered are Points & crossings: Turnout, switches, throw switches, diamond crossing, cross-overs, single slip and double slip, scissor cross-over, Triangle & turntable. Feel free to write in Comment Section or drop a line in my Inbox amanbathla710@gmail.com
Railways use flat-footed rails made of high-carbon steel that are designed to carry heavy loads with minimal friction. Rails must withstand wear from loads as well as lateral and braking forces. They transmit loads to sleepers to reduce pressure on the ballast and formation below. Various types of rail sections have been used throughout history, with flat-footed rails now comprising 90% of tracks due to their stability and load distribution advantages. Rails experience wear at the top, ends, and sides that must be managed through alloy selection, maintenance practices, and design approaches like check rails and rail tilting.
Railway Engineering-Curves and superelevationMani Vel
This document discusses curves and superelevation on railways. It defines horizontal and vertical curves, and explains that superelevation involves raising the outer rail on a curve to provide a comfortable ride. Superelevation counters the effects of lateral forces when negotiating a curve. The key points are:
- Superelevation is the difference in height between the inner and outer rails and helps distribute load on both rails.
- Equilibrium speed is when the centrifugal force is balanced by the cant (superelevation), providing no unbalanced radial acceleration.
- Maximum permissible speed considers factors like radius, cant, cant deficiency/excess, and transition length.
- Examples are provided to calculate supere
Sleepers, also called ties, are transverse members laid beneath rails to distribute load from trains to the track bed. They come in various materials including wood, steel, concrete, and plastic. Wooden sleepers are most common but have short lifespans while concrete and steel last longer. All sleepers must firmly support rails, maintain proper gauge, and evenly distribute heavy train loads over a wide area of ballast for track stability.
This document discusses the key elements of railway tracks, including formation, ballast, sleepers, rails, and fastenings. It describes the purpose and design considerations for each element. Formation provides the base for the track and must support the entire load. Ballast distributes loads from sleepers to prevent sinking. Sleepers provide support and stiffness. Rails provide a smooth surface for train movement. Fastenings such as fish plates, bolts, and chairs connect rails and sleepers together securely.
Track fittings and fastenings are used to connect rails together and fix them to sleepers to maintain proper track alignment and allow for smooth train movement. Key fittings include fish plates, spikes, bolts, chairs, keys, blocks, and bearing plates. Fish plates are used to join rails and allow for thermal expansion. Spikes secure rails to wooden sleepers. Bolts connect fish plates to rails and chairs to sleepers. Chairs position double-headed rails. Blocks maintain rail spacing. Bearing plates support flat-footed rails on sleepers. These fittings serve critical functions in maintaining track geometry for safe and reliable train operations.
This document provides a general overview of box culverts. It defines what a box culvert is, lists its main components, and describes how it is constructed. A box culvert consists of horizontal and vertical concrete slabs and has rectangular or square openings. It is commonly used to convey stormwater or sewage under roads where the soil is weak. Box culverts can span short distances and help distribute loads across foundations. They offer advantages over other structures like bridges due to their rigidity and not requiring deep foundations.
Railway stations can be classified according to their operational and functional characteristics. Operationally, stations are classified as block or non-block stations. Block stations require trains to obtain permission to proceed into the next block section, and are further divided into A, B, and C class stations based on signaling and safety requirements. Functionally, stations can be way-side (non-junction), junction, terminal, or halt stations. Way-side stations are small stations along a route, junction stations are where lines diverge, terminal stations are where lines end, and halt stations are temporary stops.
This document section describes design considerations for precast pretensioned concrete girders. It discusses typical girder sections and common span ranges. The key stages in precast girder design are described as transfer (when prestressing force is transferred to the concrete), service (when self-weight and permanent loads are considered), and ultimate (to resist factored loads). Three stages of stress development are discussed: transfer when prestressing occurs, stage IIA when the girder is erected and before the composite deck is cured, and stage IIB when the composite section develops. Standard precast girder types used in California include I-girders, bulb-tees, bath-tubs, and wide-flange sections,
Rails, Types, Joints, Creep, Failure of Rails and Welding of Railssrinivas2036
The document discusses rails used in railway tracks. It defines different types of rails including double headed, bull headed, and flat footed rails. Flat footed rails, also called Vignoles rails, are now most commonly used. Standard rail sections used in Indian railways, such as 52kg and 60kg, are presented. Requirements of an ideal rail and factors affecting rail wear and failure are explained. Methods to reduce rail wear include use of special alloys, track maintenance, reducing expansion gaps, and lubricating rails.
Highway Materials: Desirable Properties, Testing Procedures, Standards, and standard values relating to Soil, Stone Aggregates, Bitumen and Tar, fly- ash/pond-ash. Role of filler in Bituminous mix, materials of filler.
Specifications of DLC and PQC for rigid pavement
Common bridge components include the deck, which provides the roadway surface; girders or trusses, which support the deck; and substructure elements like piers and abutments that support the superstructure. Selection of the optimal bridge type depends on factors like site conditions, functional needs, aesthetics, cost, and construction/maintenance considerations. Bridges are classified based on material, usage, span, and structural arrangement. Long-span bridges include cable-stayed and suspension bridges, while girder and arch bridges are more common for shorter spans.
Formwork Presentation for Construction TechnologyI'mMiss Lily
1. Formwork refers to the temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured and can support itself. Common materials used include wood, steel, aluminum, plastic and plywood.
2. A good formwork must be water tight, strong, and reusable while also considering factors like quality, safety, and economy. It must be able to withstand loads, retain its shape, and be removed without damaging the concrete.
3. Different types of formworks are used for columns, beams, slabs, and other structural elements. Column formwork typically consists of side and end planks joined by yokes and bolts. Beam formworks use thick timber or plywood and are supported by props.
Segmental bridge construction involves building bridges out of precast concrete segments. This allows for longer spans than traditional methods by reducing the need for intermediate piers. There are several techniques for segmental bridge construction including cast-in-place using form travelers, incremental launching where segments are cast and then pushed out over supports, and precast segment erection using launching girders. Segmental construction enables building bridges more quickly and over existing infrastructure with minimal traffic disruptions.
This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete design principles for civil engineers and construction managers. It discusses the aim of structural design according to BS 8110, describes the properties and composite action of reinforced concrete, explains limit state design methodology, and summarizes key elements like slabs, beams, columns, walls, and foundations. The document also covers material properties, stress-strain curves, failure modes, and general procedures for slab sizing and design.
This document summarizes the design process for concrete pavements according to IRC-58:2012. It includes steps such as selecting a trial thickness, determining the modulus of subgrade reaction, providing granular and DLC subbases, calculating the flexural strength of concrete, performing traffic analysis, analyzing bottom-up and top-down cracking, applying equations for relative stiffness and checking the critical distress factor. The design is considered safe if the critical distress factor is less than 1 and needs redesign if it is greater than 1. References are also provided.
Bridge bearings allow movement of the bridge superstructure and transfer forces between the superstructure and substructure. Common early bridge bearings included pin, roller, rocker, and sliding metal bearings. Pin bearings allow rotation through a central steel pin but not translation. Roller bearings use rollers to allow longitudinal movement while restricting lateral and rotational movement. Rocker bearings facilitate both rotation and translation. Sliding bearings use metal plates sliding against each other to accommodate translation. Modern bearings also include pot, elastomeric, laminated elastomeric, and lead-rubber bearings.
The document discusses different types of bearings. There are two main types - friction bearings and anti-friction bearings. Friction bearings have minimum direct contact between the shaft and bearing and include journal, bush, liner, tilting pad, and thrust bearings. Anti-friction bearings maximize contact between the shaft and bearing using rolling elements, and include roller bearings and ball bearings. The document provides details on the construction and applications of common varieties of these bearings like tapered roller, deep groove, and angular contact ball bearings.
Bridges: Classification of bridges – with respect to construction
materials, structural behavior of super structure, span, sub structure,
purpose. Temporary and movable bridges. Factors affecting site
selection. Various loads/stresses acting on bridges. Bridge hydrology –
design discharge, water way, afflux, scour depth, economical span.
Bridge components – foundation, piers, abutments, wing wall, approach,
bearings, floor, girders, cables, suspenders. Methods of erection of
different types of bridges. River training works and maintenance of
bridges. Testing and strengthening of bridges. Bridge architect.
The tremie method is used to place concrete underwater using a watertight pipe. A tremie pipe with a funnel top and sealed bottom is used to pour high-slump concrete into place without allowing water ingress. The tremie pipe remains embedded in the wet concrete as it is lifted to continuously place concrete from bottom to top until the level rises above water. Precautions must be taken to prevent water flow and ensure the tremie seal is maintained during placement.
Introduction to railway tracks. in above presentation the types of rails, requirements and failures of rails is thoroughly mentioned in layman language.
This Presentation Contains Railway engineering concepts. The contents covered are Points & crossings: Turnout, switches, throw switches, diamond crossing, cross-overs, single slip and double slip, scissor cross-over, Triangle & turntable. Feel free to write in Comment Section or drop a line in my Inbox amanbathla710@gmail.com
Railways use flat-footed rails made of high-carbon steel that are designed to carry heavy loads with minimal friction. Rails must withstand wear from loads as well as lateral and braking forces. They transmit loads to sleepers to reduce pressure on the ballast and formation below. Various types of rail sections have been used throughout history, with flat-footed rails now comprising 90% of tracks due to their stability and load distribution advantages. Rails experience wear at the top, ends, and sides that must be managed through alloy selection, maintenance practices, and design approaches like check rails and rail tilting.
Railway Engineering-Curves and superelevationMani Vel
This document discusses curves and superelevation on railways. It defines horizontal and vertical curves, and explains that superelevation involves raising the outer rail on a curve to provide a comfortable ride. Superelevation counters the effects of lateral forces when negotiating a curve. The key points are:
- Superelevation is the difference in height between the inner and outer rails and helps distribute load on both rails.
- Equilibrium speed is when the centrifugal force is balanced by the cant (superelevation), providing no unbalanced radial acceleration.
- Maximum permissible speed considers factors like radius, cant, cant deficiency/excess, and transition length.
- Examples are provided to calculate supere
Sleepers, also called ties, are transverse members laid beneath rails to distribute load from trains to the track bed. They come in various materials including wood, steel, concrete, and plastic. Wooden sleepers are most common but have short lifespans while concrete and steel last longer. All sleepers must firmly support rails, maintain proper gauge, and evenly distribute heavy train loads over a wide area of ballast for track stability.
This document discusses the key elements of railway tracks, including formation, ballast, sleepers, rails, and fastenings. It describes the purpose and design considerations for each element. Formation provides the base for the track and must support the entire load. Ballast distributes loads from sleepers to prevent sinking. Sleepers provide support and stiffness. Rails provide a smooth surface for train movement. Fastenings such as fish plates, bolts, and chairs connect rails and sleepers together securely.
Track fittings and fastenings are used to connect rails together and fix them to sleepers to maintain proper track alignment and allow for smooth train movement. Key fittings include fish plates, spikes, bolts, chairs, keys, blocks, and bearing plates. Fish plates are used to join rails and allow for thermal expansion. Spikes secure rails to wooden sleepers. Bolts connect fish plates to rails and chairs to sleepers. Chairs position double-headed rails. Blocks maintain rail spacing. Bearing plates support flat-footed rails on sleepers. These fittings serve critical functions in maintaining track geometry for safe and reliable train operations.
This document provides a general overview of box culverts. It defines what a box culvert is, lists its main components, and describes how it is constructed. A box culvert consists of horizontal and vertical concrete slabs and has rectangular or square openings. It is commonly used to convey stormwater or sewage under roads where the soil is weak. Box culverts can span short distances and help distribute loads across foundations. They offer advantages over other structures like bridges due to their rigidity and not requiring deep foundations.
Railway stations can be classified according to their operational and functional characteristics. Operationally, stations are classified as block or non-block stations. Block stations require trains to obtain permission to proceed into the next block section, and are further divided into A, B, and C class stations based on signaling and safety requirements. Functionally, stations can be way-side (non-junction), junction, terminal, or halt stations. Way-side stations are small stations along a route, junction stations are where lines diverge, terminal stations are where lines end, and halt stations are temporary stops.
This document section describes design considerations for precast pretensioned concrete girders. It discusses typical girder sections and common span ranges. The key stages in precast girder design are described as transfer (when prestressing force is transferred to the concrete), service (when self-weight and permanent loads are considered), and ultimate (to resist factored loads). Three stages of stress development are discussed: transfer when prestressing occurs, stage IIA when the girder is erected and before the composite deck is cured, and stage IIB when the composite section develops. Standard precast girder types used in California include I-girders, bulb-tees, bath-tubs, and wide-flange sections,
Rails, Types, Joints, Creep, Failure of Rails and Welding of Railssrinivas2036
The document discusses rails used in railway tracks. It defines different types of rails including double headed, bull headed, and flat footed rails. Flat footed rails, also called Vignoles rails, are now most commonly used. Standard rail sections used in Indian railways, such as 52kg and 60kg, are presented. Requirements of an ideal rail and factors affecting rail wear and failure are explained. Methods to reduce rail wear include use of special alloys, track maintenance, reducing expansion gaps, and lubricating rails.
Highway Materials: Desirable Properties, Testing Procedures, Standards, and standard values relating to Soil, Stone Aggregates, Bitumen and Tar, fly- ash/pond-ash. Role of filler in Bituminous mix, materials of filler.
Specifications of DLC and PQC for rigid pavement
Common bridge components include the deck, which provides the roadway surface; girders or trusses, which support the deck; and substructure elements like piers and abutments that support the superstructure. Selection of the optimal bridge type depends on factors like site conditions, functional needs, aesthetics, cost, and construction/maintenance considerations. Bridges are classified based on material, usage, span, and structural arrangement. Long-span bridges include cable-stayed and suspension bridges, while girder and arch bridges are more common for shorter spans.
Formwork Presentation for Construction TechnologyI'mMiss Lily
1. Formwork refers to the temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured and can support itself. Common materials used include wood, steel, aluminum, plastic and plywood.
2. A good formwork must be water tight, strong, and reusable while also considering factors like quality, safety, and economy. It must be able to withstand loads, retain its shape, and be removed without damaging the concrete.
3. Different types of formworks are used for columns, beams, slabs, and other structural elements. Column formwork typically consists of side and end planks joined by yokes and bolts. Beam formworks use thick timber or plywood and are supported by props.
Segmental bridge construction involves building bridges out of precast concrete segments. This allows for longer spans than traditional methods by reducing the need for intermediate piers. There are several techniques for segmental bridge construction including cast-in-place using form travelers, incremental launching where segments are cast and then pushed out over supports, and precast segment erection using launching girders. Segmental construction enables building bridges more quickly and over existing infrastructure with minimal traffic disruptions.
This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete design principles for civil engineers and construction managers. It discusses the aim of structural design according to BS 8110, describes the properties and composite action of reinforced concrete, explains limit state design methodology, and summarizes key elements like slabs, beams, columns, walls, and foundations. The document also covers material properties, stress-strain curves, failure modes, and general procedures for slab sizing and design.
This document summarizes the design process for concrete pavements according to IRC-58:2012. It includes steps such as selecting a trial thickness, determining the modulus of subgrade reaction, providing granular and DLC subbases, calculating the flexural strength of concrete, performing traffic analysis, analyzing bottom-up and top-down cracking, applying equations for relative stiffness and checking the critical distress factor. The design is considered safe if the critical distress factor is less than 1 and needs redesign if it is greater than 1. References are also provided.
Bridge bearings allow movement of the bridge superstructure and transfer forces between the superstructure and substructure. Common early bridge bearings included pin, roller, rocker, and sliding metal bearings. Pin bearings allow rotation through a central steel pin but not translation. Roller bearings use rollers to allow longitudinal movement while restricting lateral and rotational movement. Rocker bearings facilitate both rotation and translation. Sliding bearings use metal plates sliding against each other to accommodate translation. Modern bearings also include pot, elastomeric, laminated elastomeric, and lead-rubber bearings.
The document discusses different types of bearings. There are two main types - friction bearings and anti-friction bearings. Friction bearings have minimum direct contact between the shaft and bearing and include journal, bush, liner, tilting pad, and thrust bearings. Anti-friction bearings maximize contact between the shaft and bearing using rolling elements, and include roller bearings and ball bearings. The document provides details on the construction and applications of common varieties of these bearings like tapered roller, deep groove, and angular contact ball bearings.
Bearings are used in machines to allow rotating parts to move freely while supporting loads. There are two main types of bearings: sliding contact/frictional bearings which operate on sliding friction; and rolling contact/anti-frictional bearings which have rolling elements like balls or rollers to reduce friction. Rolling contact bearings can carry heavier loads than sliding contact bearings and have lower friction, but are more complex and expensive to manufacture. Bearings are classified based on the type of load they support, such as radial loads, axial/thrust loads, or combined loads. Common bearing types include ball bearings, roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, and needle roller bearings.
The document discusses the metal forming process of rolling. It involves passing hot or cold metal through heavy rolls to reduce thickness and increase length. There are two main types - hot rolling above the metal's recrystallization temperature and cold rolling at room temperature. The grain structure changes as the metal is compressed and different rolling mill designs are used for different applications, including two-high, three-high, and cluster mills. The rolling process involves reducing thickness through multiple passes to achieve the final shape and dimensions.
The document discusses different types of slabs used in construction. It defines a slab as a thin concrete structure used for flooring that can be square, rectangular or circular in shape. The main types discussed are:
1. Flat slab - A beamless slab constructed directly on columns for a simpler design.
2. Conventional slab - Supported by beams on columns, which can be one-way or two-way depending on load direction.
3. Sunken slab - Used below washrooms to hide pipes below the floor level.
4. Hallow core slab - A precast slab with voids that requires less concrete and provides service ducts.
,bearings ,function of bearing ,footstep or pivot bearing ,bush and direct-lined housing ,thrust bearing ,journal bearing ,ball and roller bearings ,types of rolling bearing ,sliding contact bearing ,applications of roller bearings
1. The document is a presentation on antifriction bearings presented by students at Government Polytechnic Hosadurga.
2. It discusses the basic components and functions of antifriction bearings including reducing friction, carrying loads, and guiding parts.
3. Specific bearing types are examined like journal ball bearings, cylindrical bearings, needle bearings, footstep bearings, and their components and uses are described.
This document provides an overview of bearings, including their purpose, common types, loads they support, and classifications. Bearings are used to support rotating shafts and transmit loads between stationary and moving machine elements. The main types discussed are plain bearings, which use sliding contact, and rolling bearings, which use balls or rollers to reduce friction. Rolling bearings can support higher loads but are more complex than plain bearings. Common rolling bearing types include ball bearings, roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings, each suited to different load profiles.
Bearings are machine elements that support rotating members like shafts. They transmit load from the rotating member to a stationary member. There are two main types of bearings - plain bearings which use sliding contact, and rolling bearings which use rolling contact between balls or rollers to reduce friction. Rolling bearings can carry higher loads and are easier to lubricate but take up more space. Common types of rolling bearings include ball bearings, roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings, each suited to different load characteristics. Bearings must be selected based on the type of load they will support, such as radial, thrust, or combined loads.
This document provides an overview of bearings and lubrication. It defines bearings as machine elements that support rotating members like shafts, and transmit loads between rotating and stationary components. Common bearing types include plain bearings with sliding contact, and rolling bearings with rolling contact using balls or rollers. Rolling bearings can support higher loads but are more complex. Bearings experience various loads like radial, thrust, or a combination. Lubrication reduces friction between moving parts by maintaining an oil film, and is essential for machinery. Different lubrication types include hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, and boundary lubrication.
Bearings are components that reduce friction in machines by allowing surfaces to roll rather than slide against each other. The document discusses the main types of bearings - ball, roller, ball thrust, roller thrust, and tapered roller - and their uses. Ball bearings are the most common and support radial loads, while roller bearings can handle greater loads. Tapered roller bearings support both radial and thrust loads and are often used in automotive applications like wheel hubs. Bearings are crucial components in many mechanical devices.
This document provides specifications and information about beams and columns used in construction. It discusses reinforced concrete columns and different types of columns based on height-width ratios and shapes. It also describes the construction process for RCC columns. For beams, it defines reinforced concrete beams and classifies beams based on their supports. It discusses different types of beams and the construction process for beams.
Reinforced concrete columns and beams are important structural elements that carry compressive and bending loads respectively. Columns can be categorized as short or long based on their height-width ratio and as spiral or tied columns based on their shape. Beams are classified based on their supports as simply supported, fixed, continuous, or cantilever beams. The construction of RCC columns and beams involves laying reinforcement, forming the structure, and pouring concrete to create these load-bearing elements.
This document provides an overview of the process for casting a flyover pile in situ. It begins with surveying the location and excavating the soil until bedrock is reached. A temporary steel case is placed and bentonite is used to prevent soil collapse. Reinforcing steel is assembled into a circular cage that is lowered into the excavation. The steel case is filled with concrete in stages. A load test is performed to ensure the pile can support the intended loads. Finally, a pile cap is constructed by placing concrete over gravel fill to connect multiple piles.
1. Bearings are components that allow parts in a machine to move smoothly against each other. There are two main types: sliding bearings which use lubrication between sliding surfaces, and rolling element bearings which use balls or rollers to minimize friction.
2. Thrust bearings are a type of rolling element bearing designed to support high axial loads on a shaft. Common varieties include ball, roller, and tapered roller thrust bearings.
3. Bushings are plain bearings that can be inserted into a housing to provide a bearing surface, and come in solid, split, or clenched designs to accommodate rotation.
This document discusses various metal forming rolling processes. It defines rolling as plastically deforming metal by passing it between rolls. There are different types of rolling processes including transverse, shaped, skew, ring, thread, tube, powder, and continuous casting and hot rolling. It also describes the classification and purposes of processes like transverse, shaped, skew, ring, thread, and tube rolling. Finally, it discusses sheet rolling processes including hot and cold rolling.
Bridge bearings allow for controlled movement between the bridge deck and piers/substructure. The earliest bearings were metal sliding or roller bearings, while modern bridges primarily use elastomeric bearings made of rubber. Elastomeric bearings are advantageous as they require little maintenance, easily accommodate multi-directional movement, are inexpensive, and can absorb vibrations. Proper selection and design of bearings is important for transferring loads while preventing excessive stresses in the bridge structure from temperature changes, traffic, or seismic activity.
Steel Structures - Building technology.pptxNikhil Raut
Steel structures are commonly used for high-rise buildings, long-span structures, industrial and warehouse buildings, and temporary structures due to steel's strength, light weight, speed of construction, and ability to create large spaces. Steel structures have advantages such as strength, flexibility, ductility, stability, earthquake resistance, and lighter weight compared to other materials. However, steel loses strength at high temperatures and is susceptible to corrosion. Common steel sections include angles, channels, I-beams, T-beams, round/square bars, and plates. Steel connections are made through bolting, riveting, and welding. Portal frames provide wide spans and are lightweight but require large members and cranes for erection.
Bearings work by reducing friction between moving parts and supporting loads. There are two main types:
1. Rolling element bearings (balls or rollers) that have lower starting friction and can carry higher loads than sliding bearings. Common types include ball, tapered roller, cylindrical roller, and spherical roller bearings.
2. Sliding element bearings have higher friction but can accommodate misalignment. Loads can be radial, axial, or combined. Selection depends on factors like space, load characteristics, and lubrication needs.
Bearings have inner and outer rings that contain the rolling elements or sliding surfaces. Proper mounting, lubrication, and maintenance are required to prevent premature failure and ensure long life
Jill Pizzola's Tenure as Senior Talent Acquisition Partner at THOMSON REUTERS...dsnow9802
Jill Pizzola's tenure as Senior Talent Acquisition Partner at THOMSON REUTERS in Marlton, New Jersey, from 2018 to 2023, was marked by innovation and excellence.
Leadership Ambassador club Adventist modulekakomaeric00
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2. What is Bearing?
• Bearings are used to transfer forces from the Superstructure to the Substructure in
such a way that the bearing stresses developed are within the safe permissible limits.
• They are provided at the junctions of the girders or slabs and the top of pier &
abutment.
• They are provided for the small movements of the superstructure.
3. Movements in Superstructure
• Translation Movements: These are the displacements in vertical & horizontal directions
due to in-plane or out-of-plane forces like wind and self weight.
• Rotational Movement: These are caused due to moments.
• These movements are caused due to following reasons:
1. Translation movement of Girders in the longitudinal direction due to variations in
temperature.
2. Deflection of the Girder causes Rotational movement at supports.
3. Vertical movements (Translation movements) are generated due to sinking of the support.
4. Movement due to shrinkage & creep of the concrete.
4. Types of Bearings
• Based on the Function:
1. Fixed Bearing : Permits rotation but prevent expansion.
2. Expansion Bearing : Provide both – Horizontal movements & rotation.
• Selection is based on the type of structure, type of supports and the span length.
• Example:
For a simply supported span is generally provided with the fixed bearing at one
end and expansion bearing at the other support.
For a two span continues girder, a fixed bearing is provided at the centrals support
and expansion bearing at the end support.
7. 1. Pin Bearing
• It is a type of Fixed Bearing that accommodates Rotation through the use of a steel
plates.
• Translation movements are not allowed.
• It contains two sections: Upper Plate & Lower Plate
• Upper plate is connected to the sole plate by bolting or welding.
• Lower plate sits on the masonry plate.
• Both sections are connected by the circular pin in the middle portion .
• Usually caps are provided at the both ends of the pin to keep the pin from sliding off
the seats and to resist uplift loads if required.
8. 2. Pot Bearing
• It consists of elastomeric disk confined in a pot, steel piston that is properly tailored
into the pot wall and flat seating rings which keeps elastomeric inside the pot.
• It supports vertical loads and it is transferred through steel piston to the elastomeric
disk which is almost incompressible.
• If PTFE (Poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene) are introduced on the sliding surface to provide
Translation Movement in the Bearing.
11. 1. Sliding Plate Bearing
• It utilizes one plane metal plate sliding against another to accommodate translation.
• Sliding bearing surface produces a frictional force that is applied to the
superstructure, substructure and the bearing itself.
• To reduce this frictional force PTFE is often used as a lubricating material.
• PTFE is sometimes referred as a Teflon.
• Current practice is to provide a curved shape to the top plate to reduce the contact
area and friction resistance.
12.
13. 2. Steel Rocker Bearing
• It consists of
A pin at the top that facilitates rotations
A curved surface at a bottom that accommodates translation movements.
• It is mainly used in steel bridges.
14. 3. Roller Bearings
• They are of two types:
1. Single Roller Bearing: One roller is placed between two plates.
2. Multiple Roller Bearing: Several rollers are installed between two plates.
• Single Roller Bearing accommodates both rotation & translation movements in
longitudinal direction but its vertical load carrying capacity is limited.
• Drawback of Roller Bearing is its tendency to collect dust and debris.
15. 4. Steel Roller cum Rocker Bearing
• It permits longitudinal movements by roller and rotational movements by the rocker.
• Rollers diameter of 100 mm to 150 mm is generally preferred.
16. 5. Elastomeric Bearing
• They are formed of horizontal layers of synthetic or natural rubber in thin layers
bound between steel plates.
• They are capable of supporting high vertical loads with small deformation as well as
flexible under lateral loads.
• Steel plate prevents the rubber layers from bulging.
• Main function of rubber-steel bearing is to carry the weight of the structure and
provide post-yield elasticity.
17.
18. Case Study
• Built in 2012, Audrain County
Steel Bridge 411 has a 47.5-ft.
span and 24-ft. roadway width-
Reason for using elastomeric
bearings is it saves money as they
are easy to install and cost less.