The BRICS alliance was formed in 2001 and includes Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It aims to promote economic cooperation, trade, and development between these emerging economies. The BRICS Forum was established in 2011 to facilitate collaboration on social, economic, and environmental issues. Recent BRICS summits have focused on establishing development banks and addressing issues like global governance, trade, healthcare, and sustainable development. The 2018 summit was hosted by South Africa.

2.  It stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.
 Came into existence in the year 2001 as BRICNATIONS
 Jim O’Neill, chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset
Management coined the concept of BRICS
 BRICS is the international political organization of
leading emerging economies.
 Its five members are all developing industrialized
countries

3. To achieve regional development
To remove trade barriers
Economic development
Optimum utilization of resources
Building relationships

4. The BRICS Forum was formed in 2011
It is an independent international organization that works for a
structured social, economic and environmentally sustainable
BRICS block
Currently, the forum is working on building partnerships and
collaborating with member state institutions.

5. Major focus of BRICS forum:
 To establish a developmental bank to balance the influence of
the WB &IMF as well as creating a joint forex reserve
 Business
 Competitiveness
 Governance and leadership
 Science & technology
 Poverty
 Private sector & prevention of corruption
 Investment landscape
 Trade
 Healthcare
 Infrastructure

11. BRAZIL RUSSIA INDIA CHINA SOUTH
AFRICA
One of the
fastest growing
economies of
the world
Russia has
capability in
high tech
sectors
1.15 billion
people
Broad
expansion of
educational
achievements
23rd ;largest
economy in
world
Brazilian
economy
becoming less
dependant on
exports
Accounts for
around 20%of
world’s oil and
gas reserves
2nd largest
labour force
Rapid
economic
growth
Inflation is
now below 5
% and falling
Extremely rich
in resources
like coffee,
iron and crude
oil
Fall in the
number of
people living
BPL
Approx 2.5
million college
graduates per
year
3rd largest
country in
land size
25%
production of
goods is
meant for
exports

12. Manufacturing, service and agriculture
Energy, infrastructure, mining and healthcare
Construction and water provision
Green economy
Tourism

13. SR NO. DATE HOST COUNTRY HOST LEADER
1 16 June 2009 Russia Dmitry Medvedev
2 15 April 2010 Brazil Luis Ignacio
3 14 April 2011 China Hu jintaoo
4 29 March 2012 India Manmohan Singh
5 26-27 March 21013 South Africa Jacob juma
6 14-16 July 2014 Brazil Dilma Russef
7 8-9 July 2015 Russia Vladimir Putin
8 15-16 October 2016 India Narendra Modi
9 3-5 Sept 2017 china Xi jimpimg
10 25-27 July 2018 South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa

15.  All the nations meet in Johannesburg on 25-27 July
 SA President Cyril Ramaphosa welcomed all the leaders of these
5 nations & addressed his concern towards collaboration of
inclusive growth and shared prosperity in the 4th Industrial
Revolution.
 It is the current & developing environment in which latest
technologies like virtual reality,
AI and robotics are changing the
way we are living

16. Major point of discussions:
 Other global hotspot issues like: International Peace & Security,
Global Governance, Trade issues are also the part of discussion
in this summit
 This years also marked the 25 years of diplomatic relations of
India with South Africa which began in 1993
 This year also marked 125th year of the Pietermaritzburg Railway
Incident involving Mahatma Gandhi.
 As per Ministry of External Affairs report these points are to be
discussed this year like Multilateralism, global governance,
healthcare, inclusive growth, peacekeeping, sustainable
development and infrastructure etc.

17.  Other than these mechanisms BRICS
has created a New Developmental Bank
in 2014 – financial institution for these
member nations for their developmental
projects & infrastructure. New development
bank’s regional center is in Johannesburg
India's role in this year Summit:
 PM Narendra Modi has to do balancing act of cooperation and
parity with all other members
 He will be pitching new deals for India whereas on the other hand
make sure that the member nations reach the consensus on key
issues like trade tariffs & terrorism

18.  Together these nations cover up 43% of world’s
population and 30% of world’s GDP
 According to UN report the combined output of BRICS
will surpass the aggregate GDP of the US, Canada and
other European nations by the year 2020.