1. Breast engorgement is swelling of the breasts due to increased blood and lymph supply in preparation for lactation. It usually occurs 3-4 days after delivery and causes pain, tenderness, and difficulty breastfeeding. 2. Mastitis is an inflammation of breast tissue, usually affecting lactating women. It is caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus entering through cracks in the nipples. Symptoms include fever, breast pain and swelling. 3. To treat breast engorgement, the document recommends frequent breastfeeding or manual milk expression, applying warm or cold compresses, wearing a loose bra, and using chilled cabbage leaves on the breasts. For mastitis, antibiotics

1. Ms Shalini Joshi
M.S.c. Nursing Ist year
S.C.O.N. Dehradun

2. NAME OF THE ACCESORY FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN?

4. FUNCTION OF THE BREAST?

PRODUCE MILK FOR FEEDING THE
BABY.

6. OBJECTIVES:•To define the breast engorgement
•To describe the causes, onset and symptoms of breast
engorgement
•To discuss the prevention and treatment of breast
engorgement.
•To define mastitis.
•To explain the onset and causative organism of
mastitis
•To enlist the risk factor and clinical features of
mastitis.
•To describe mode of infection, prevention and
treatment of mastitis.

7. Definition
 Breast
engorgement swelling of the
breast due to an increase in blood and
lymph supply as a precursor to lactation.
Or
 Breast
engorgement occurs in
the mammary glands due to expansion
and pressure exerted by the synthesis
and storage of breast milk.

9. ONSET:

It usually manifests after the milk
secretion started (3rd or 4th day post
partum

10. SYMPTOMS:
Pain
 Feeling of tenderness
 Heaviness in both breasts
 Generalized malaise
 Transient rise of temperature
 Painful breastfeeding


11. PREVENTION

12. TREATMENT
Proper support of breast
Manual expression
Analgesics

13. 
Breastfeeding

Gentle use of breast pump

15. Step 1:Nurse baby if mother is breast feeding
Breast engorgement results from overproduction of milk or under-feeding by the
baby. The easiest, and quickest, way to
alleviate breast engorgement is feeding
baby from the breast that is engorged.
Advise a new mother to nurse her baby
every 2-to-3 hours. Breast engorgement can
be prevented if you follow this schedule.

16. Manually remove milk from breasts.
There may be several days when breasts
are going to be engorged if mother has
decided not to breastfeed her baby. Use
hands or a breast pump to manually remove
milk from breasts.
Make sure only remove enough milk to
alleviate the pain and firmness if ultimate
goal is to let milk dry up.

17. Take a warm shower.
Allow the spray to start at the top of the
breasts and adjust body so it works its
way down. Mother can also massage
them at the same time. This will be a bit
painful at first, but it will ease the
tenderness and hardness in the breasts.

18. Use cold compresses between feedings or
breast pumping.
Try cold compresses to help reduce
swelling and ease the pain if breasts still
feel painful and are hard to the touch, even
after nursing or pumping milk. Apply the
compress several times for 5 minutes on, 5
minutes off. Bags of frozen vegetables work
well for this method.

19. Wear a loose-fitting bra.
Tight-fitting bras can compress the
lower part of the breast to the rib
cage. This has the effect of trapping
milk in the lower milk ducts and
will aggravate the problem.

20. Chill cabbage leaves and place them inside your
bra.
This is a remedy that goes back to ancient times.
Chill clean cabbage leaves for 30 minutes. Poke a hole
in the center of a leaf for the nipple. Lay them on and
around the breast and put on cloth. Do this for 20-to30 minutes 3 times a day until the engorgement eases.

22. 
Mastitis is inflammation of tissue in one or
both mammary glands inside the breast. Mastitis
usually affects lactating women - women who
are breastfeeding, producing milk.

23. The incidence of mastitis is 2-5 % in
lactating
 1% in non lactating women


24. ORGANISMS RESPONSIBLE:
Staphylococcus aureus
 Staphylococcus epidermis
 Streptococci viridance


25. Poor nursing
 Maternal fatigue
 Cracked nipple


26. Infection of the
breast parenchymal
tissues
cellulitis
mastitis

27. Infection
Lactiferous
ducts
Development
of primary
mammary
adenitis

28. In superficial cellulitis the onset is
acute during first 2 – 4 weeks
postpartum
 Acute mastitis may occur even
several weeks after the delivery


29. CLINICAL FEATURES
Symptoms

Malaise and headache

Fever

Pain and tender swelling in one quadrant of
breast

31. Signs
Presence of toxic features
 Wedge shaped swelling on the breast
 Overlying skin is red hot and flushed and
feels tender and tense


32. 
Due to destruction of breast tissue
Breast abscess

33. Thorough hand washing before each feed
 Cleaning the nipple before and after each
feed and keeping them dry


34. Breast support
 Plenty of oral fluids
 Breastfeeding
 Manual emptying of infected side after feed
 Dicloxacillin 500mg Q6h
 Analgesics (ibuprofen)
