Brain Gate is a brain-computer interface developed by Cyberkinetics that allows a person to control external devices with their thoughts. It consists of a sensor implanted on the brain's motor cortex that detects neural signals, which are translated by external processors into movement of a computer cursor. This allows quadriplegic patients to control things like a TV or wheelchair. While expensive and requiring risky brain surgery currently, Brain Gate provides hope for independent living for paralyzed individuals, and future versions aim to be wireless with wider applications.

1. Submitted by:
Srujana rondla
Seminar
On
Brain Gate

2. CONTENT
 Introduction
 Development
 Working Principle
 Types of Brain Computer Interface(BCI)
 Application
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Future Scope
 Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 It is a mind-to-movement system that allows a quadriplegic
man to control a computer using his Thoughts.
 The system is to help those who have lost control of their
limbs, or other bodily functions, such as patients with spinal
cord injury to operate various gadgets such as TV, computer
,lights, fan etc.
 It monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the
intention of the user into computer commands
 This can be used to control a robot arm or a cursor on a screen

4. DEVELOPMENT
 Company and Scientist:
 Brain Gate is a brain implant system developed
by the bio-tech company Cyber kinetics in
2003 in conjunction with the Department of
Neuroscience at Brown University.

5. WORKING PRINCIPLE
 The principle of brain gate neural interface system is that which
intact with brain function, neural signals generated are
interpreted by the systems and a cursor is shown to the user on a
computer screen that provides an alternate “Brain Gate
pathway". The user can use that cursor to control the computer,
just as a mouse is used.

6. TYPES OF BRAIN COMPUTER
INTERFACE(BCI)
 One way BCI
Computers either accept commands from the brain or
send signals to it
 Two way BCI
Allow brains and external devices to exchange
information in both directions.

7. WORKING
 The Brain Gate neural interface device is a
propriety brain-computer interface that consist of
an Inter neural signal sensor and External
Processors.
 The sensor consists of a tiny chip containing 100
microscopic electrodes that detect brain cell
electrical activity.
 The chip is implanted on the surface of brain in the
motor cortex area that controls movement.

8. WORKING (CONT…)
 External Processors convert neural signals into an
output signal under the users own control.
 In the pilot version of the device, a cable connects the
sensor to an external processor in a cart that contains
computers.
 The computers translate brain activity and create the
communication output using custom decoding software.

10. APPLICATIONS
 In classification of EEG signal.
 In multimedia communication.
 In evaluation of spike detection algorithms.
 Actuated control of mobile robot by human EEG.
 As a brain controlled switch for asynchronous control.
 In evaluating the machine learning algorithms.

11. ADVANTAGES
 Controlling remote devices
 Making and receiving telephone calls
 Accessing the internet.
 Turn on or off the lights
 Control robotic arm
 Watch and control television
 Use the pc
 Locking or unlocking doors
 Motorized wheelchair

12. DISADVANTAGES
 Expensive
 Risky Surgery
 Not Wireless yet
 Difficulty in adaptation and learning.
 Limitation in information transform rate.
The latest technology is 20 bits/min.

13. FUTURE SCOPE
 Current new advances include a second-generation
interface software M*Power controller that will enable
users to perform a wide variety of daily activities
without assistances of technician.
 Smaller ,wireless device .
 The user will have an improved control of respiratory
system, limb with muscle stimulation or robotics.

14. CONCLUSION
 The invention of Braingate is such a revolution in
medical field. The remarkable breakthrough offers hope
that people who are paralyzed will one day be able to
independently operate artificial limbs, computers or
wheelchairs.

15. Reference
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.studymafia.org

16. Thanks

17. Queries?