This document discusses application virtualization. It defines application virtualization as isolating applications from one another and the operating system. There are two main forms: client-side isolates apps on a machine, and server-side allows automatic scaling of apps across machines. Benefits include simplified installation and retirement of apps, no conflicts between apps, and supporting multiple versions. Limitations include not all apps can be virtualized, integration challenges with the OS, and potential performance penalties. Notable vendors providing application virtualization include Citrix, Microsoft, Vmware, and AppZero.
This document provides an overview of server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities, including what SSRF is, its impact, common attacks, bypassing filters, and mitigations. SSRF allows an attacker to induce the application to make requests to internal or external servers from the server side, bypassing access controls. This can enable attacks on the server itself or other backend systems and escalate privileges. The document discusses techniques for exploiting trust relationships and bypassing blacklists/whitelists to perform SSRF attacks. It also covers blind SSRF and ways to detect them using out-of-band techniques. Mitigations include avoiding user input that can trigger server requests, sanitizing input, whitelist
MOM provides a clean method of communication between disparate software applications and emerged as a approach that distributed enterprise systems are built
Virtualization allows multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single physical server using a hypervisor. This reduces costs by improving hardware utilization, lowering maintenance needs, and providing continuous server uptime. There are two main hypervisor types: native hypervisors have direct access to server hardware while hosted hypervisors run within an operating system. Virtualization offers advantages like zero downtime maintenance, dynamic resource allocation, and automated backups.
VMware vSphere 6.0 - Troubleshooting Training - Day 1Sanjeev Kumar
This document provides an introduction and overview of VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage training course. It discusses how the course aligns with the VCP-Core certification exam blueprint and objectives. It also provides definitions of key data center concepts like tiers and an overview of the evolution of data centers. Finally, it discusses the history and benefits of data center virtualization using VMware technologies like ESXi, virtual machines, and vCenter Server.
Xen is a virtual machine monitor that allows multiple guest operating systems to run simultaneously on the same computer hardware. It uses paravirtualization, where the guest operating systems are modified to interface with the hypervisor rather than directly with hardware. This allows Xen to provide isolation between guest virtual machines while maintaining high performance. Xen introduces a new privileged level, where the hypervisor runs at a higher privilege than the guest operating systems. This allows Xen to maintain control over CPU, memory, and I/O access between virtual machines.
Cross Site Request Forgery VulnerabilitiesMarco Morana
The document summarizes a meeting agenda about cross-site request forgery (CSRF). The agenda includes discussing CSRF's placement in the OWASP Top 10, describing the CSRF threat and impact, explaining how CSRF works, providing a threat scenario example, discussing CSRF attack vectors, and covering CSRF countermeasures and testing methods.
The document discusses different multi-threading models: many-to-one, one-to-one, and many-to-many. The many-to-one model maps many user threads to a single kernel thread, allowing for efficient thread management but blocking all threads during system calls. The one-to-one model maps each user thread to its own kernel thread, enabling more concurrency and parallelism across processors but requiring more kernel resources. The many-to-many model multiplexes user threads to kernel threads, allowing scheduling around blocking system calls while using kernel resources efficiently.
This document discusses application virtualization. It defines application virtualization as isolating applications from one another and the operating system. There are two main forms: client-side isolates apps on a machine, and server-side allows automatic scaling of apps across machines. Benefits include simplified installation and retirement of apps, no conflicts between apps, and supporting multiple versions. Limitations include not all apps can be virtualized, integration challenges with the OS, and potential performance penalties. Notable vendors providing application virtualization include Citrix, Microsoft, Vmware, and AppZero.
This document provides an overview of server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities, including what SSRF is, its impact, common attacks, bypassing filters, and mitigations. SSRF allows an attacker to induce the application to make requests to internal or external servers from the server side, bypassing access controls. This can enable attacks on the server itself or other backend systems and escalate privileges. The document discusses techniques for exploiting trust relationships and bypassing blacklists/whitelists to perform SSRF attacks. It also covers blind SSRF and ways to detect them using out-of-band techniques. Mitigations include avoiding user input that can trigger server requests, sanitizing input, whitelist
MOM provides a clean method of communication between disparate software applications and emerged as a approach that distributed enterprise systems are built
Virtualization allows multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single physical server using a hypervisor. This reduces costs by improving hardware utilization, lowering maintenance needs, and providing continuous server uptime. There are two main hypervisor types: native hypervisors have direct access to server hardware while hosted hypervisors run within an operating system. Virtualization offers advantages like zero downtime maintenance, dynamic resource allocation, and automated backups.
VMware vSphere 6.0 - Troubleshooting Training - Day 1Sanjeev Kumar
This document provides an introduction and overview of VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage training course. It discusses how the course aligns with the VCP-Core certification exam blueprint and objectives. It also provides definitions of key data center concepts like tiers and an overview of the evolution of data centers. Finally, it discusses the history and benefits of data center virtualization using VMware technologies like ESXi, virtual machines, and vCenter Server.
Xen is a virtual machine monitor that allows multiple guest operating systems to run simultaneously on the same computer hardware. It uses paravirtualization, where the guest operating systems are modified to interface with the hypervisor rather than directly with hardware. This allows Xen to provide isolation between guest virtual machines while maintaining high performance. Xen introduces a new privileged level, where the hypervisor runs at a higher privilege than the guest operating systems. This allows Xen to maintain control over CPU, memory, and I/O access between virtual machines.
Cross Site Request Forgery VulnerabilitiesMarco Morana
The document summarizes a meeting agenda about cross-site request forgery (CSRF). The agenda includes discussing CSRF's placement in the OWASP Top 10, describing the CSRF threat and impact, explaining how CSRF works, providing a threat scenario example, discussing CSRF attack vectors, and covering CSRF countermeasures and testing methods.
The document discusses different multi-threading models: many-to-one, one-to-one, and many-to-many. The many-to-one model maps many user threads to a single kernel thread, allowing for efficient thread management but blocking all threads during system calls. The one-to-one model maps each user thread to its own kernel thread, enabling more concurrency and parallelism across processors but requiring more kernel resources. The many-to-many model multiplexes user threads to kernel threads, allowing scheduling around blocking system calls while using kernel resources efficiently.
Operating system security (OS security) involves ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the OS through measures like regular updates, antivirus software, firewalls, and secure user accounts. The document then discusses security kernels, which provide a small, verified foundation to enforce security policies. It describes the Honeywell Secure Communications Processor (Scomp) system, which implemented a multilevel security model using a security kernel, new hardware mechanisms, and a custom application interface instead of emulating another OS. Scomp's architecture isolated kernel components in separate hardware rings and used hardware to mediate all access to resources according to a mandatory access control policy.
This document provides lecture notes on servlet programming. It covers topics like the introduction to servlets, GET and POST methods, the lifecycle of a servlet, servlet interfaces like Servlet, GenericServlet and HttpServlet. It also discusses request dispatching in servlets, session management techniques and servlet filters. Code examples are provided to demonstrate servlet implementation and request dispatching.
Flutter is Google's Open Source UI Software Development Kit that enables us to build cross-platform apps for Android, iOS, Linux, Mac, Windows, and Google Fuschia from a Single Codebase. With many companies switching over to a Flutter Codebase to hasten development time, reduce roles, and work from a single codebase, Flutter has been growing at an exponential rate in the market and will definitely expand even more in the upcoming times. Alibaba, Google Ads, Google Pay, Hamilton Musical are a few apps in the ever-expanding codebase of Flutter.
RTLinux is a real-time operating system that allows real-time applications to run on top of Linux. It modifies the Linux kernel to add a virtual machine layer with a separate task scheduler that prioritizes real-time tasks over standard Linux processes. This enables RTLinux to support hard real-time deadlines. Programming in RTLinux involves creating modules that can be loaded and unloaded from the kernel using specific commands. Real-time threads and synchronization objects like mutexes are implemented using POSIX interfaces.
This document provides an overview of the FlexRay communication protocol, including its capabilities and weaknesses regarding fault tolerance. It discusses two main aspects that enable FlexRay's fault tolerance: 1) the bus controller, which uses mechanisms like error detection coding and clock synchronization to handle errors, and 2) the physical network topology. The document analyzes FlexRay's three-level error model and how it provides self-diagnosis of errors. It also notes that while FlexRay can tolerate some faults, issues like multiple Byzantine faults or the "clique problem" are not fully resolved by the protocol. Overall, the document evaluates FlexRay's approach to fault tolerance through error handling strategies rather than message retransmission.
Insights into the performance and configuration of TCP in Automotive Ethernet...RealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
The idea of using TCP in cars has been around for some time, as the first specification of Autosar TCP/IP stack dates back from early 2013. However, TCP has not been popular yet in cars and there has not been much published works on using TCP for in-vehicle communications so far.
TCP – the Transmission Control Protocol – provides connection-oriented reliable transmission between network applications. TCP is the cornerstone of the Internet – a hugely successful protocol over the last 40 years – if it is certainly a fine piece of engineering but it is definitely a complex one.
The question we explore in this study is what can we expect from TCP for on-board in-vehicle communication in terms of latencies & throughput and how to best configure TCP in a context for which
it has not been conceived. In particular, we will show that TCP configuration on the ECU sides should consider the amount of memory available in the switches and that traffic shaping policy, as available in TSN, can provide a nice performance boost for TCP communication.
This document discusses epidemic algorithms and their application to distributed systems. Epidemic algorithms were inspired by epidemiology and how diseases spread among populations. They work by having nodes periodically exchange information with random peer nodes in a manner similar to how diseases infect individuals. This allows information to spread quickly and reliably throughout the distributed system. Specific applications discussed include data replication, aggregation, and peer sampling services.
vCenter and ESXi network port communicationsAnimesh Dixit
The document provides a diagram and explanation of the network ports used in vSphere 5.x including ESXi, vCenter Server, and related VMware products. It lists over 145 port numbers, protocols, and a description of what communicates over each port to allow the vSphere infrastructure and components to function properly.
This document discusses synchronization in distributed systems and various algorithms for achieving mutual exclusion. It covers centralized, distributed, and token ring algorithms for mutual exclusion. The centralized algorithm uses a coordinator but has a single point of failure. Distributed algorithms overcome this but require more messages. The token ring algorithm passes a token between processes but can lose the token if a process crashes. In comparing the algorithms, the document examines their message requirements, delay before entry, and potential problems.
VMware ESX Server provides a bare-metal virtualization platform for running multiple virtual machines on a single physical server. It allows for high utilization of server resources and isolation of virtual machines. ESX Server provides tools for granular management of CPU, memory, storage and network resources for virtual machines. It also includes features for remote management, availability, live migration of virtual machines, and support for many operating systems and hardware configurations.
The document discusses Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks. It defines CSRF as an attack where unauthorized commands are transmitted from a user that a website trusts. The attack forces a logged-in user's browser to send requests, including session cookies, to a vulnerable website. This allows the attacker to generate requests the site thinks are from the user. The document outlines how CSRF works, example attacks, defenses for users and applications, and myths about CSRF. It recommends using unpredictable CSRF tokens or re-authentication to prevent CSRF vulnerabilities.
An introduction to REST and RESTful web services.
You can take the course below to learn about REST & RESTful web services.
https://www.udemy.com/building-php-restful-web-services/
Server virtualization concepts allow partitioning of physical servers into multiple virtual servers using virtualization software and hardware techniques. This improves resource utilization by running multiple virtual machines on a single physical server. Server virtualization provides benefits like reduced costs, higher efficiency, lower power consumption, and improved availability compared to running each application on its own physical server. Key components of server virtualization include virtual machines, hypervisors, CPU virtualization using techniques like Intel VT-x or AMD-V, memory virtualization, and I/O virtualization through methods like emulated, paravirtualized or direct I/O. KVM and QEMU are popular open source virtualization solutions, with KVM providing kernel-level virtualization support and Q
The document discusses just-in-time (JIT) compilers. It defines JIT compilers as methods to improve runtime performance of bytecode programs by compiling segments of code to machine code as needed. This allows for optimizations based on runtime information not available at initial compilation. The document outlines the basis, functioning, and classification of JIT compilers, noting they convert bytecode to native code prior to execution for high-speed performance but with an initial overhead.
Penetration testing is used to test the security of a website by simulating real attacks from outside. It identifies potential vulnerabilities to prevent harmful attacks. By understanding how attacks work, the IT team can fix issues and prevent larger attacks in the future. The presentation will demonstrate a penetration testing tool that checks the login page for security issues like authentication, redirects, and hidden code. Contact information is provided for any additional questions.
High-performance computing (HPC) involves solving complex problems using computer modeling, simulation, and analysis that require huge computational resources beyond what a typical personal computer can handle. HPC is used across many fields including engineering, science, weather prediction, and more. While proprietary supercomputers were once common, HPC has increasingly moved to using commodity computer clusters connected by fast networks due to their affordability, efficiency, and scalability. Clusters now represent over 80% of the world's most powerful supercomputers. HPC simulations can significantly reduce product development timelines and costs across many industries.
Servlets are Java classes that extend the functionality of a web server by dynamically generating web pages. Servlets use the Java programming language and are managed by a servlet container that handles loading, unloading, and directing requests. Servlets provide advantages over older technologies like CGI scripts such as better performance, portability, security, and access to full Java features. The basic servlet lifecycle involves initialization, handling requests, and destruction. Servlets can be generic or HTTP-specific, with HTTP servlets providing specialized methods for different HTTP request types. Sessions allow servlets to maintain state across multiple requests.
This document discusses full virtualization techniques. It defines full virtualization as simulating hardware to allow any OS to run unmodified in a virtual machine. It describes the challenges of virtualizing the x86 architecture and how binary translation is used to allow guest OSes to run at a higher privilege level. The document outlines hosted and bare-metal virtualization architectures and their pros and cons. It provides examples of using full virtualization for desktop and server virtualization/cloud computing. It also gives steps to implement hosted full virtualization using Oracle VM VirtualBox on Windows 7.
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The document provides an overview of the TMPA910CRAXBG 32-bit display microcontroller from Toshiba. It includes a description of the microcontroller's ARM-based processor, peripherals like graphics processing units, timers, communication interfaces, and development tools. The microcontroller is targeted for applications such as electronic learning devices, toys, industrial equipment, and navigation systems.
Operating system security (OS security) involves ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the OS through measures like regular updates, antivirus software, firewalls, and secure user accounts. The document then discusses security kernels, which provide a small, verified foundation to enforce security policies. It describes the Honeywell Secure Communications Processor (Scomp) system, which implemented a multilevel security model using a security kernel, new hardware mechanisms, and a custom application interface instead of emulating another OS. Scomp's architecture isolated kernel components in separate hardware rings and used hardware to mediate all access to resources according to a mandatory access control policy.
This document provides lecture notes on servlet programming. It covers topics like the introduction to servlets, GET and POST methods, the lifecycle of a servlet, servlet interfaces like Servlet, GenericServlet and HttpServlet. It also discusses request dispatching in servlets, session management techniques and servlet filters. Code examples are provided to demonstrate servlet implementation and request dispatching.
Flutter is Google's Open Source UI Software Development Kit that enables us to build cross-platform apps for Android, iOS, Linux, Mac, Windows, and Google Fuschia from a Single Codebase. With many companies switching over to a Flutter Codebase to hasten development time, reduce roles, and work from a single codebase, Flutter has been growing at an exponential rate in the market and will definitely expand even more in the upcoming times. Alibaba, Google Ads, Google Pay, Hamilton Musical are a few apps in the ever-expanding codebase of Flutter.
RTLinux is a real-time operating system that allows real-time applications to run on top of Linux. It modifies the Linux kernel to add a virtual machine layer with a separate task scheduler that prioritizes real-time tasks over standard Linux processes. This enables RTLinux to support hard real-time deadlines. Programming in RTLinux involves creating modules that can be loaded and unloaded from the kernel using specific commands. Real-time threads and synchronization objects like mutexes are implemented using POSIX interfaces.
This document provides an overview of the FlexRay communication protocol, including its capabilities and weaknesses regarding fault tolerance. It discusses two main aspects that enable FlexRay's fault tolerance: 1) the bus controller, which uses mechanisms like error detection coding and clock synchronization to handle errors, and 2) the physical network topology. The document analyzes FlexRay's three-level error model and how it provides self-diagnosis of errors. It also notes that while FlexRay can tolerate some faults, issues like multiple Byzantine faults or the "clique problem" are not fully resolved by the protocol. Overall, the document evaluates FlexRay's approach to fault tolerance through error handling strategies rather than message retransmission.
Insights into the performance and configuration of TCP in Automotive Ethernet...RealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
The idea of using TCP in cars has been around for some time, as the first specification of Autosar TCP/IP stack dates back from early 2013. However, TCP has not been popular yet in cars and there has not been much published works on using TCP for in-vehicle communications so far.
TCP – the Transmission Control Protocol – provides connection-oriented reliable transmission between network applications. TCP is the cornerstone of the Internet – a hugely successful protocol over the last 40 years – if it is certainly a fine piece of engineering but it is definitely a complex one.
The question we explore in this study is what can we expect from TCP for on-board in-vehicle communication in terms of latencies & throughput and how to best configure TCP in a context for which
it has not been conceived. In particular, we will show that TCP configuration on the ECU sides should consider the amount of memory available in the switches and that traffic shaping policy, as available in TSN, can provide a nice performance boost for TCP communication.
This document discusses epidemic algorithms and their application to distributed systems. Epidemic algorithms were inspired by epidemiology and how diseases spread among populations. They work by having nodes periodically exchange information with random peer nodes in a manner similar to how diseases infect individuals. This allows information to spread quickly and reliably throughout the distributed system. Specific applications discussed include data replication, aggregation, and peer sampling services.
vCenter and ESXi network port communicationsAnimesh Dixit
The document provides a diagram and explanation of the network ports used in vSphere 5.x including ESXi, vCenter Server, and related VMware products. It lists over 145 port numbers, protocols, and a description of what communicates over each port to allow the vSphere infrastructure and components to function properly.
This document discusses synchronization in distributed systems and various algorithms for achieving mutual exclusion. It covers centralized, distributed, and token ring algorithms for mutual exclusion. The centralized algorithm uses a coordinator but has a single point of failure. Distributed algorithms overcome this but require more messages. The token ring algorithm passes a token between processes but can lose the token if a process crashes. In comparing the algorithms, the document examines their message requirements, delay before entry, and potential problems.
VMware ESX Server provides a bare-metal virtualization platform for running multiple virtual machines on a single physical server. It allows for high utilization of server resources and isolation of virtual machines. ESX Server provides tools for granular management of CPU, memory, storage and network resources for virtual machines. It also includes features for remote management, availability, live migration of virtual machines, and support for many operating systems and hardware configurations.
The document discusses Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks. It defines CSRF as an attack where unauthorized commands are transmitted from a user that a website trusts. The attack forces a logged-in user's browser to send requests, including session cookies, to a vulnerable website. This allows the attacker to generate requests the site thinks are from the user. The document outlines how CSRF works, example attacks, defenses for users and applications, and myths about CSRF. It recommends using unpredictable CSRF tokens or re-authentication to prevent CSRF vulnerabilities.
An introduction to REST and RESTful web services.
You can take the course below to learn about REST & RESTful web services.
https://www.udemy.com/building-php-restful-web-services/
Server virtualization concepts allow partitioning of physical servers into multiple virtual servers using virtualization software and hardware techniques. This improves resource utilization by running multiple virtual machines on a single physical server. Server virtualization provides benefits like reduced costs, higher efficiency, lower power consumption, and improved availability compared to running each application on its own physical server. Key components of server virtualization include virtual machines, hypervisors, CPU virtualization using techniques like Intel VT-x or AMD-V, memory virtualization, and I/O virtualization through methods like emulated, paravirtualized or direct I/O. KVM and QEMU are popular open source virtualization solutions, with KVM providing kernel-level virtualization support and Q
The document discusses just-in-time (JIT) compilers. It defines JIT compilers as methods to improve runtime performance of bytecode programs by compiling segments of code to machine code as needed. This allows for optimizations based on runtime information not available at initial compilation. The document outlines the basis, functioning, and classification of JIT compilers, noting they convert bytecode to native code prior to execution for high-speed performance but with an initial overhead.
Penetration testing is used to test the security of a website by simulating real attacks from outside. It identifies potential vulnerabilities to prevent harmful attacks. By understanding how attacks work, the IT team can fix issues and prevent larger attacks in the future. The presentation will demonstrate a penetration testing tool that checks the login page for security issues like authentication, redirects, and hidden code. Contact information is provided for any additional questions.
High-performance computing (HPC) involves solving complex problems using computer modeling, simulation, and analysis that require huge computational resources beyond what a typical personal computer can handle. HPC is used across many fields including engineering, science, weather prediction, and more. While proprietary supercomputers were once common, HPC has increasingly moved to using commodity computer clusters connected by fast networks due to their affordability, efficiency, and scalability. Clusters now represent over 80% of the world's most powerful supercomputers. HPC simulations can significantly reduce product development timelines and costs across many industries.
Servlets are Java classes that extend the functionality of a web server by dynamically generating web pages. Servlets use the Java programming language and are managed by a servlet container that handles loading, unloading, and directing requests. Servlets provide advantages over older technologies like CGI scripts such as better performance, portability, security, and access to full Java features. The basic servlet lifecycle involves initialization, handling requests, and destruction. Servlets can be generic or HTTP-specific, with HTTP servlets providing specialized methods for different HTTP request types. Sessions allow servlets to maintain state across multiple requests.
This document discusses full virtualization techniques. It defines full virtualization as simulating hardware to allow any OS to run unmodified in a virtual machine. It describes the challenges of virtualizing the x86 architecture and how binary translation is used to allow guest OSes to run at a higher privilege level. The document outlines hosted and bare-metal virtualization architectures and their pros and cons. It provides examples of using full virtualization for desktop and server virtualization/cloud computing. It also gives steps to implement hosted full virtualization using Oracle VM VirtualBox on Windows 7.
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The document provides an overview of the TMPA910CRAXBG 32-bit display microcontroller from Toshiba. It includes a description of the microcontroller's ARM-based processor, peripherals like graphics processing units, timers, communication interfaces, and development tools. The microcontroller is targeted for applications such as electronic learning devices, toys, industrial equipment, and navigation systems.
Raster scan systems with video controller and display processorhemanth kumar
The document describes how a raster scan display system works with a video controller. The video controller retrieves intensity values from a frame buffer area of memory and displays them on the screen line by line at a refresh rate of 50 times per second. It uses registers to store pixel coordinates and accesses the frame buffer to display the pixels. For color displays, it uses a lookup table to store RGB values and only needs to access the table index from the frame buffer for each pixel.
The document discusses the architecture and components of PIC18 microcontrollers. It describes the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and its associated registers. It explains machine cycles, instruction execution, and pipelining. It also covers oscillators, configuration bits, reset options, low power modes, watchdog timers, and the program counter. It compares Harvard and von Neumann architectures.
The Pentium processor introduced in 1993 features a superscalar architecture that allows multiple instructions to be executed simultaneously. It has separate 8KB instruction and data caches and a 64-bit data bus. The Pentium uses dynamic branch prediction and out-of-order execution to further improve performance through superscalar design.
The document provides an overview of ARM basics including:
- The different CPU modes including user, fast interrupt, interrupt, supervisor, abort, undefined, and system modes.
- The banked registers that are used across modes including the program counter, stack pointer, link register, and current program status register.
- How pipelining works to improve processor throughput by dividing instructions into fetch, decode, and execute stages.
- The different types of exceptions including interrupts, undefined instructions, and how the processor switches modes and handles exceptions.
Trajectory generation for Servo motor drivescontroltrix
This document discusses trajectory generation methods for servo motor drives. It describes requirements like smooth motion between points A and B within speed, acceleration and jerk limits. It proposes a method using symmetric jerk profiles of 8 zones to generate trajectories in real-time while accounting for issues like overshoot, small spans and variable inertia. Experimental results show the method generating trajectories of up to 30 revolutions while meeting requirements for velocity, position and varying inertia.
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Similar to BOSCH BMI160 fast offset compensation (20)
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2. Accelerometer Fast Offset Compensation
• The best suited for “end-of-line trimming” with the device positioned in a
well-defined orientation
• One-shot process
• Compensates the offset errors of accelerometer and gyro by setting the offset
compensation registers to the negated offset error
• Should not be used in combination with the low-power modes
• In low-power mode the conditions (availability of necessary data) for proper function of
fast compensation are not fulfilled
3. Configure FOC_CONF(0x69) before triggering
• Accelerometer and gyroscope FOC can separately disabled or
enabled
• Gyroscope target value is always 0 dps
• Accelerometer target value has to be defined for each channel (-1g, 0g, +1g)
depending on sensor position relative to the earth gravity field
4. Triggered by start_foc command
• FOC is triggered by issuing a start_foc command to register (0x7E
CMD
• This will take a maximum time of 250ms
• The process is reflected in the status bit foc_rdy in Register (0x1B) STATUS.
• foc_rdy is ‘0’ while the measurement is in process
5. The negated measured value
• The negated measured value are written to Register (0x71-0x77)
automatically (overwriting previous offset register value)
• For the accelerometer offset, the accuracy is 3.9mg
7. Register (0x71-0x77) OFFSET
• Reset: Reads from NVM
• Description:
• Contains the offset compensation values for accelerometer and gyroscope
• Definition:
• it is generated automatically after triggering the fast offset compensation procedure
• the content of the register may be written to the NVM
• it is automatically restored from the NVM after each power-on or soft reset
• offset values may be written directly by the user
8. Non-Volatile Memory
• Access to non-volatile memory is only possible through (volatile)
image registers
• Maximum number of write cycles equal or less than 14
• The content of the NVM is loaded to the image registers after a
reset (either POR or softreset)
• As long as the image update is in progress, bit nvm_rdy in
Register (0x1B) STATUS is ´0´, otherwise it is ´1´ (NVM is ready to
accept a new write trigger)
• Writing to the NVM is a three-step procedure:
• Write the new contents to the image registers
• Write ´1´ to bit nvm_prog_en in the Register (0x6A) CONF register in order to unlock
the NVM
• Write prog_nvm (0xA0) to the Register (0x7E) CMD to trigger the write process