Blockchain technology provides an opportunity to decentralize core internet functions like DNS, data storage, traffic routing, and IoT to make them more resilient, private, and censorship-resistant. It does this by maintaining an immutable record of transactions and events on a distributed ledger. Examples proposed include using blockchain for a distributed DNS, storing IoT data and SDN flow tables, and powering a fully decentralized internet stack called BlockStack that handles identity, storage, payments and more through a blockchain layer and virtual chain. The end goal is to build a more open and private internet free from centralized control and mass surveillance.
4. What is Blockchain? - Continued
β Mainly list of records
β Always growing
5. What is Blockchain? - Continued
β Tamper proof and Revision proof
β Open, permission less and public
β Byzantine Fault Tolerant
6. How Blockchain Works?
β A growing list of records called blocks
β Each block contains
β A timestamp
β A link to previous block
β Can be managed
β Publicly or autonomously
β Peer-to-peer network
β Distributed Time-stamping
β Privately
7. Uses of Blockchain
β Recording of events
β Medical Records
β Identity Management
β Transaction processing
β Documenting
provenance
β Financial Transactions
β Marketplace
β Smart Contracts
β Digital Products
Marketing
β Property Records
β Voting
β Cloud Storage
8. History of Blockchain
β 1991 β Stuart Haber & Scott Stornetta
β 1996 β Ross J. Anderson
β 1997 β Michael Doyle
β 1998 β Bruce Schneier
β 1998 β Nick Szabo β Bit Gold
β 2008 β Satoshi Nakamoto
β 2014 β Blockchain 2.0
9. Internet
β A 30 years old technology
β Based on IP routing and DNS
β Primary purpose was to share
abundance of Data
β Now under mass surveillance
β Now censored by different
governments to capitalize
political benefits
β Always requires DNS
information to make full
communication
10. Internet
β Centralized by the so called ROOT DNS
servers
β Secured by DNSSEC
β Web trust system is broken
β Under the control of around 1200+ CA
β Most of the https are weakly configured
β Prone to catastrophe, zombie apocalypse, alien
invasion, Government shutdown
11. Words from ..
β βWe didnβt focus on how you could wreck this
system intentionally,β - Vinton G. Cerf.
β "I invented the web. Here are three things we
need to change to save it
β Weβve lost control of our personal data
β Itβs too easy for misinformation to spread on the
web
β Political advertising online needs transparency and
understandingβ - Sir Tim Berners Lee
12. DNS
β A decentralized database maintained by root
servers
β Secured implementation by DNSSEC(Hardly
implemented by Domain owners)
β Web anchor of trust is based on CA(Run by
large Companies, Controlled by Governments)
13. DNS in a Distributed Blockchain
β Censor-free
β Distributed, hard to knock down by a single
attack or Government
β Supported by TOR or I2P
β Private
15. Data storage in Blockchain
β Privacy at stake for major Cloud Storage
providers
β Personal information stored in clouds
β Accessible by Providers/Governments
β With Warrant
β With Subpoena
β Encrypted Storage
β Ransomware
16. Data storage in Blockchain - Implementation
β storj
β sia.tech
17. Traffic Routing
β Always goes through an ISP
β Running Deep Packet Inspection
β National Firewall
β DNS Cache Poisoning
β Plain traffic is intercept-able
β Caching Data poisoning
β Comes with Privacy Demolished
18. Blockchain in routing(BGP) β What if
β Voting capability to avoid bad routes
β Overlay Network with Path Performance
Computation
β A DHT maintaining RemyCC (Remy Congestion
Control)
β Prefixes are added/removed/modified by DPKI
19. SDN in Blockchain
β SDN β Cutting Edge Technology
β Uneducated wrong configured Infrastructures
β API/Programmability is vulnerable
β Flow Table can be modified remotely
20. SDN in Blockchain β What if ..
β Flowtable is maintained in a blockchain
β Modification of flowtable is authenticated against
KSI(Keyless Signature Infrastructure or DPKI)
β Saving the events in a blockchain to track it down to
its root
β Easier Log readability
β Authenticate agents, messages, control interfaces,
devices, state of a service
21. IoT in Blockchain
β A trillion dollar Industry
β Billions of devices will be connected
β Interact in between them
β Going to be the most vulnerable systems from
the prying eyes
β Decentralization is required, considering
centralized infrastructure
22. IoT in Blockchain β What if
β Billions of ongoing transactions will be stored in
blockchain
β Rather than centralizing the Data storage
β A single fail-proof network
β No MITM attack
β A single Tamper proof DHT(Distributed Hash Table)
β Blockchain is already a proven technology with billions
of Dollar market for Cryptocurrencies
23. BlockStack
β Decentralized Internet
β A Full Stack of Apps
β Identity
β Storage
β Payments
β With the possibility of
β Decentralized Social Network
β P2P Marketplace
β Community Run Voting
β Blockchain
24. BlockStack - Details
β Blockchain Layer
β Virtual chain Layer
β Discovery Layer
β Storage Layer
β Any Cloud Storage Provider
β Personal Storage at your bunker
β BNS
β ATLAS Network