This document provides information about HIV/AIDS including what it is, how it progresses, how it is transmitted, testing procedures, prevention methods, and other sexually transmitted diseases. It defines HIV and AIDS, describes the four stages of HIV from primary infection to AIDS, lists the five bodily fluids through which HIV can be transmitted, and dispels common myths about transmission. The document also outlines home testing, rapid testing, confidential testing, and anonymous testing as well as birth control options and common STDs like chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, hepatitis B, and HPV. Prevention methods like abstinence and proper condom use are emphasized.

1. Directors:Fanta BayohRozanne CarlosEric CarpioErika HowellEnockTeefeRosa Vasquez

2. Icebreaker

3. What do people with HIV look Like???

5. What is HIV?HIVumanmmunodeficiencyirus

6. What is AIDS?AIDScquiredmmuneeficiencyyndrome

7. StaGES OF HIV

8. 1. Primary HIV infectionFlu-like symptoms that last a few weeksThis is when the body begins to create CD4 antibodies to fight the HIV virus

9. 2. Clinical Asymptomatic StageAsymptomatic: does not currently show symptoms of the disease being discussed

10. Can last for an average of 10 years

11. HIV is present and active in blood.3. Symptomatic HIV infectionImmune system becomes weak

12. Opportunistic infections/diseases occur

13. These diseases and infections would not cause harm to a normal person, but can be fatal for someone with a weak immune system4. Progression from HIV to AIDSThis is the fatal stage of HIV

14. The immune system is almost destroyed

15. The illness becomes more severe and you are diagnosed with AIDS

16. People DO NOT die from AIDS but from an opportunistic disease/infectionThose with the virus may or may not show any symptoms!

17. Ways of transmission

18. Ways of TransmissionSex: Vaginal, Anal, OralSharing NeedlesDrugsTattoos/ PiercingsMother To Child

19. 5 Bodily FluidsBloodSemenPre-ejaculateVaginal SecretionsBreast Milk

20. Fluids That Will Not Give You HIVTearsSalivaSweatUrine* In order to contract HIV by making out, you would have to swallow a whole gallon of someone’s spit!*

21. Myths of TransmissionHugging, Kissing or Shaking HandsSharing UtensilsUsing Public BathroomsDonating BloodMosquito Bites

22. Protect Yourself!Don’t put yourself at risk Condoms are highly protective against HIV/AIDS and other STDs.Abstinence is the only 100% effective way to prevent STDs and pregnancy

23. The HIV Test

24. How the test worksThe HIV test looks for HIV antibodies in a person’s blood. NOT FOR AIDS.If you have enough of the antibodies, your test will be positive, which means you have been infected with HIVIf you do not have the antibodies (or enough of them), your test will be negative, and this could mean one of two things: You do not have HIVORYou have been infected but your body has not made enough antibodies for the test to detect them.

25. The window periodIt takes about 3 months after HIV infection for people to develop antibodies to HIV.

26. It is best to wait at least three months after the last time you could have been exposed to HIV before taking the test.

27. Even if your test is negative after 3 months, some test centers may recommend testing again at 6 months, just to be extra sure. Types of Testing

28. Home Testing Kits1.Purchase kit from a local pharmacy.2. Take your own sample (usually blood sample) 3. Send it off to a laboratory for testing.4. After a few days, the person will call in, with a personal identification code to receive results.

29. Home Testing Kits: DISADVANTAGESIt’s not as efficient or reliable!There are many home test kits out that are not approved by the FDA which potentially can lead to unreliable results.The testing kit may be expensive (~ $80.00)

30. Rapid TestingThe rapid HIV test consists of either a small blood sample, or saliva.Some testing centers require that a patient provide their name and a mailing address. ADVANTAGE short amount of time you wait to receive your results. DISADVANTAGEtests are expensive and there are a few places that offer it free of charge.

31. ConfidentiaL TestingThis test takes place in a clinic. Personal information and results will be kept in your medical record. DISADVANTAGETakes a little longer to get results HOWEVER….ADVANTAGEThese results are given to you at the clinicUsually, FREE!It becomes part of your medical history

32. Anonymous TestingThis test also takes place in a clinic.You’re given a code that you’ll use to call and get your results.DISADVANTAGESAlso takes a little longer to get resultsADVANTAGESQuality counselingAnonymousUsually FREE!!

33. Free HIV TestingTo find free HIV Testing near you go to:http://www.hivtest.org/

34. Methods of birth control

35. THE PILLEffectiveness: 92-99.7%Still need to use a condomDisadvantages: Must take pill everydayNo protection from HIV, STD’s

36. The Shot: DepoProveraEffectiveness: 97-99.7%Still need to use a condomAdvantages: Not taken daily and prevents pregnancy for 12 weeks.DisadvantagesMay cause delay in getting pregnant after shots are stopped.

37. The condomEffectiveness: 85-98%Advantages: Latex Condoms offer protection against HIV & STDs. Inexpensive & readily available.Disadvantages:Uncooperative partners, allergies, and possibility of breakage

38. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

39. STDsSexually Transmitted DiseasesAlso known as STIs: sexually transmitted infectionsSTDs are infectious diseases usually transmitted from person to person through sexual intercourse or other intimate contactIf untreated, they can cause permanent damage such as infertility and can lead to life-threatening conditionsSTD transmission can be prevented by the use of condoms or the practice of abstinence.

40. There are 65 million people living in the US with an incurable STD. That is 1 in 4 people!In the US there are over 19 million new STD infections every year, and almost half of them are among young people ages 15-24 years old

41. How are STDs transmitted?Vaginal SexOral SexAnal SexAny exchange of bodily fluids(blood, semen, vaginal secretions, pre-ejaculate, breast milk)STDs can still be transmitted even when there are no symptoms!

42. Common STDsChlamydiaGonorrheaGenital HerpesSyphilisHIV/AIDSHepatitis

43. ChlamydiaThe most widespread STD in the United StatesIt is a bacterial infection that can be treated with antibioticsMore than 50% of those infected have no symptoms at allIn 2007, the rate of infection for females was over 3 times greater than the rate for males

44. ChlamydiaSymptomsFemale:Abnormal discharge (may have an odor)Painful periods or bleeding between periodsPain while urinating or having sexAbdominal pain or feverItching in or around vagina

45. ChlamydiaSymptomsMale:Clear or cloudy discharge from the penisPainful urinationBurning and itching around the opening of the penisPain and swelling of the testicles

46. GonorrheaAlso known as “the clap”It is a bacterial infection that can be treated with antibioticsSymptoms usually appear within 2-5 days of exposure but many people have no symptoms

47. GonorrheaSymptomsWomen:Vaginal dischargeBurning and pain while urinating and increased urinationSore throatFeverPain in the lower abdomenPain during intercourseLabial swelling caused by gonorrhea

48. GonorrheaSymptomsMale:Pain and burning while urinatingDischarge from the penis (green, yellow, or white in color)Increased urinary frequencyRed or swollen opening of the penisTender or swollen testiclesSore throat

49. Genital Herpes1 in 4 adults has herpesThere are 30 million cases of herpes in the US with about 1 million NEW cases every year!The infection is caused by a virus that has no known cure.Most people infected with the virus do not know that they have it since they have no symptoms.

50. GenitalHerpesSymptomsSmall, red bumps, blisters and open sores in the genital, anal and nearby areas.Pain or itching around genital area, buttocks or inner thighs

51. Hepatitis BA virus that primarily infects the liver causing inflammationResults from exposure to blood or bodily fluids containing blood, including unprotected sexual contact and contaminated needles.Can be prevented by a vaccineCan be treated with antiviral treatment

52. Hepatitis B Symptoms Abdominal PainDark UrineJoint PainLoss of appetiteWeakness and fatigueNausea and vomitingYellowing of the skin

53. HPVHPV stands for Human PapillomavirusThere is no cure for HPVThere are over 100 types of HPV, some which can cause complications such as cervical cancer. Can be prevented by a vaccine.

54. HPVSymptomsWarts in the genital area- may be raisedor flat, alone or in groups, small or large and are sometimes cauliflower shaped.Lesions may appear on the anus, scrotum, groin, thighs, penis, cervix or in the vagina.

55. SyphilisSyphilis is a bacterial infection that can be treated with antibioticsIt is a three stage infection with different symptoms in each stage

56. Syphilis: Stage 1SymptomsPainless soresSwollen lymph nodes

57. Syphilis: Stage 2SymptomsFeverFatigueAches and painsLoss of appetite Skin rash on the palms or soles

58. Syphilis: Stage 3SymptomsBrain, Heart and Nervous System problemsDamage can occur in the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones and joints.

59. Protect Yourself!The only way to be 100% safe from contracting HIV or STDs is:and not sharing needles of any kind!!ABSTINENCE

60. CONDOM DEMOCheck the expiration dateMake sure there is an air bubbleSlide the condom to the side and open the package Place condom on banana (ridges up) and slide all the way downRoll condom off of banana and place in napkin

61. Last Minute Tips!Do not exchange bodily fluidsDo not use oil based lubricantsUse a new latex condom every time you engage in sex.If you are allergic to latex condoms, Polyurethane condoms can be used as a replacement.