Biosafety: Animal Allergens
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This presentation describes how to properly protect employees and test for animal allergen levels within a lab.
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Biosafety: Animal Allergens
- 1. Biosafety: Animal Allergens 101 Triumvirate Environmental presents: Steps You Can Take to Ensure the Safety of Your Employees
- 2. Meet Your Moderator Sasha Laferte
- 3. ďźAll lines will be muted. ďźCommunicate via the questions tab in your webinar panel. ďźUnanswered questions will be personally after the webinar. ďźWebinar recording and slides will be emailed to you tomorrow. During This Webinar
- 4. Meet Your Presenter Mark Liffers EH&S Consultant Triumvirate Environmental
- 5. Agenda Laboratory Animal Allergy Exposure Risks Controls Case Studies
- 6. Laboratory Animal Allergy (LAA) Allergic reaction to animals is among the most common conditions that adversely affect pharmaceutical research workers.
- 7. Laboratory Animal Allergy (Contâd) Symptoms: ⢠Nasal symptoms (allergic rhinitis) ⢠Itchy eyes (allergic conjunctivitis) ⢠Rashes (contact urticaria, atopy)
- 9. Mouse Allergen The major mouse allergen is Mus m 1, or mouse urinary protein.
- 10. Rat Allergen Rat n 1 is a known human allergen, protein appears to be in the urine and saliva of the animal.
- 11. Agenda Laboratory Animal Allergy Exposure Risks Controls Case Studies
- 12. Routes of Exposure 1. Inhalation of aeroallergens 2. Contaminated bedding 3. Direct skin and eye contact
- 13. Assessing Potential Risk What are âtypicalâ exposures? What tasks have the highest risk?
- 14. Assessing Potential Risk (Contâd) Activities most associated with allergen exposure are: ⢠Handling animals and cages with bedding without ventilation ⢠Manual cage changing ⢠Dumping soiled bedding
- 15. Source: Thulin et al British Occupational Hygiene Society, 2002
- 17. What is a âSafeâ Level? ⢠S. Gordon (formerly IOM) recommended maintaining exposures at or below 5 ng/m3 -Feasible controls for rodent allergens -Reduced risk of LAA at this level - study of 458 ⢠Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards recommended a health based OEL-TWA ~ 4.5 ng/m3 ⢠LAA risk reduced but not eliminated; still risk that a small number of people will develop LAA
- 18. Monitoring Can Be Useful No OSHA Standard Method for allergens â BUT⌠⢠Allergens attach to particles and can be hazardous when deposited anywhere in the respiratory tract ⢠Inhalable and Respirable fraction includes particulate matter that enter the head airways region, including the nose and mouth
- 19. IOM Sampler
- 20. Labs for Analysis ⢠DACI (Dermatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology) laboratory at Johns Hopkins ⢠EMLab P&K ⢠Wisconsin Occupational Health Laboratory ⢠Call and discuss with the lab!
- 21. Agenda Laboratory Animal Allergy Exposure Risks Controls Case Studies
- 22. Hierarchy of Controls ⢠Engineering ⢠Ventilation, substitution, eliminate the hazard ⢠Safe Work Practices â ⢠Changing the way the work is done or by adding a tool to help. Remote entry. ⢠Administration â ⢠Rotating workers more often to reduce exposure times, occupational health program ⢠PPE ⢠Respirators, gloves, hearing protection, etc. BEST WORST
- 23. Engineering Controls ⢠Enclosure ⢠Dilution ventilation ⢠Cage designs ⢠Containment equipment, such as: ⢠Biosafety cabinets ⢠Cage changing stations ⢠Bedding dump stations
- 24. Engineering Controls Filter Top Cage Ventilated Cage Rack
- 28. Administrative & Work Practice Controls ⢠Reduce time with animal ⢠Reduce density of animals ⢠Good housekeeping practices ⢠Wet mopping in place of vacuuming or sweeping ⢠Procedures that minimize release of airborne materials
- 29. Establishing an Occupational Medical Program for Allergy Surveillance Job Hazard Analyses Select Occupational Health Clinic Develop Occupational Health Questionnaire Written Occupational Medicine Program Ongoing Surveillance
- 30. Job Hazard Analyses Who will be included in the allergy surveillance program? ⢠Animal Husbandry staff ⢠Custodial staff ⢠Researchers ⢠Facilities Group ⢠EH&S ⢠IACUC members ⢠Outside Service Contractors need to be notified of potential hazards ⢠HVAC ⢠Autoclave ⢠Cagewasher
- 31. Lab Animal Handler Questionnaire ⢠Job title / Description ⢠Hx of work with animals ⢠Tetanus status ⢠Allergies? ⢠Seasonal ⢠Latex ⢠Animals ⢠When working with animals do you: ⢠Sneeze, cough ⢠Runny nose ⢠Itchy eyes ⢠Wheeze ⢠Hives ⢠Chest tightness / SOB ⢠Do symptoms go away when you leave work?
- 32. Occ Health Review ⢠MD evaluates questionnaire ⢠May request physical exam ⢠May require PFTs ⢠May suggest allergy testing ⢠May require tetanus booster ⢠Will recommend PPE needed ⢠May require tetanus booster ⢠Will recommend PPE needed ⢠May establish medical restrictions ⢠Questionnaire should be re-administered annually & if symptoms develop
- 33. Reporting & Follow Up ⢠Symptoms should be reported promptly to your supervisor so that medical follow-up can be initiated ⢠Once animal allergy develops, the affected worker should minimize any additional allergen exposure to prevent progression of allergy symptoms
- 34. Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International
- 36. N-95 Respirator for Allergen Protection Face mask (N-95 Respirator) to reduce inhalation and hand-to-face spread of allergens
- 37. OSHA Respiratory Protection Std. 1910.134 Written Program Annual Training Proper Respirator Selection Medical Clearance Annual Fit Testing
- 38. Must Use Properly to Work! N-95 Respirator
- 39. Agenda Laboratory Animal Allergy Exposure Risks Controls Case Studies
- 40. Exposure to Laboratory Rats ⢠21-year-old female worker at a pharmaceutical company ⢠Symptoms included hives on her forearms and hands ⢠The worker then began to suffer episodes of sneezing, nasal drainage, watery eyes, and chest tightness ⢠She was transferred to another department, where her symptoms ceased ⢠The worker had positive skin tests to animal dander and to rat hair. ⢠She also had elevated antibodies (IgE) to various rat proteins [DeGroot and Messerschmidt 1984].
- 41. Exposure to Various Animals ⢠38 students were examined during their first year of training as laboratory technicians (median age was 21 years) ⢠They were re-examined after working with various laboratory animals (primarily rats, mice, and rabbits) for an average of 18 months ⢠9 students (24%) had developed allergies to laboratory animals ⢠Symptoms included: nasal and eye irritation, skin rashes, and chest problems ⢠Of the 9 students with animal allergies, 7 had reactions to rat or mouse antigen in skin-prick tests, and 8 showed asthma-like reactions during lung testing [Renstrom et al. 1995]
- 42. Wrap Up
- 43. QUESTIONS?
- 44. Thank You For Attending! ⢠Please fill out our survey ⢠You will receive a copy of the presentation ⢠Expect a special offer
- 45. Sources ⢠NIOSH Alert â Preventing Asthma in Animal Handlers January 1998 DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-116 www.cdc.gov/niosh/animalrt.html ⢠Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NRC 2011) http://www.aaalac.org/resources/theguide.cfm