This document discusses optical fingerprint recognition systems. It begins by introducing biometrics research and fingerprint verification. It then explains the basic parameters and steps for biometrics, including universality, uniqueness, and permanence. The document outlines different optical fingerprint sensing methods like FTIR, light dispersion, and optical fiber techniques. It also discusses spoofing prevention using analysis of skin optical properties and anti-spoofing camera and laser solutions. The document concludes that optical sensing provides more secure and reliable fingerprint recognition while also preventing spoofing attempts.

1. 1

2. INTRODUCTION
Research hotspots in biometrics
Verifying match between two finger prints
Optical technology- Most widely used
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3. BIOMETRICS
Definition
Basic steps involved
Parameters required-Universality
Uniqueness
Permanence
Acceptability
Performance
Collectability
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4. FINGERPRINT
RECOGNITION SYSTEM
Presence of ridges and valleys
Ridges- unique to each individual
Fingerprint- unique even in case of identical
twins
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5. COMPARISON BETWEEN
BIOMETRIC TECHNIQUES
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Fig 1: Comparison [1]

6. OPTICAL SENSORS
Heart of an optical sensor- CCD camera
Array of light sensitive diodes- Photosites
CCD camera takes image of your finger
Direct Imaging
Three dimensional imaging
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7. CONVENTIONAL METHODS
FTIR method
In-finger light dispersion method
Optical fiber sensor method
Electro optical sensor method
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8. FTIR METHOD
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Fig 2: FTIR method [2]

9. IN-FINGER LIGHT
DISPERSION METHOD
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Fig 3: In finger light dispersion method [3]

10. OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR
METHOD
10Fig 4: Optical Fiber Sensor Method [6]

11. ELECTRO OPTICAL SENSOR
METHOD
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Fig 5: Electro Optical Sensor Method [6]

12. OPTICAL TRANSMITTANCE
METHOD
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Fig 5: Optical transmittance method [3]

13. IMAGES OF A WET FINGER FORMED BY
CONVENTIONAL METHODS
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Fig 6: Images output by conventional sensor [3]

14. IMAGES OF A WET FINGER FORMED BY
OPTICAL TRANSMITTANCE METHOD
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Fig 7: Image output by optical transmittance [3]

15. SPOOFING
Fingerprint- Unique
Stealing and duplicating fingerprint-
Spoofing
How to prevent spoofing?
Analysis of Optical properties of skin
Skin response to scattering and
absorption at various wavelengths
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16. ANTI SPOOFING
TECHNIQUES
Camera solution
Laser solution
Causation of optical changes
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17. CAMERA SOLUTION
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Fig 8: Camera solution [4]

18. LASER SOLUTION
18
Fig 9: Laser Solution [4]

19. CAUSATION OF OPTICAL
CHANGES
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Fig 10: Causation of optical changes [5]

20. COMPARISON-OPTICAL
AND
CAPACITIVE SENSORS
Sensor surface
Overall durability
Imaging area, resolution, size
Cost effectiveness 20

21. APPLICATION OF
BIOMETRIC OPTICAL SENSORS
Security for computers and networks
Banking and finance industry
Smart cards and e-passports
Military identification
Electronic commerce
Employee attendance system
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22. ADVANTAGES OF OPTICAL
SENSORS
 Compact and light weight in design
 Accurate
 Identification process is easy
 Low cost
 No high level changes in environment
 Durable
 Maintenance free
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23. CONCLUSION
More secure
Optical sensing- more reliable
Spoofing can even be prevented
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24. REFERENCES
 [1] D. Maltoni, D. Maio, A. K. Jain, and S. Prabhakar, Handbook Of
Fingerprint Recognition, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2009.
 [2] Biometric recognition: Sensor Characteristics and image quality
IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Magazine June 2011
 [3] Fingerprint Authentication Using Optical Characteristics in a
Finger
SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference
 [4] Liveness Detection for Biometric Systems based on papillary
lines
International Journal of Security and Its Applications, Volume 2
 [5] New Experiments with Optical Liveness Testing Methods
Journal of Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing,
Oct 2010
 [6] Marie Sandstraom, Liveness Detection in Fingerprint Recognition
Systems
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25. THANK YOU
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