Heat and power from Biomass. Adopting new renewable energy sources is one of the greatest future opportunities of our planet. Biomasses are a potential alternative to fossil fuels. There is tangible evidence of this from Kempele Ecovillage since 2009. The electricity and heat for the ten houses in Kempele Ecovillage are produced by a CHP-plant in the village using Volter’s wood gasification technology. Fuel comes from domestic wood chips. This technique replaces one liter of oil with approximately two kilograms of dry wood. Clean energy is also one of the fastest growing businesses.

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Biomass CHP – gasification of
wood biomass
Eko village Kempele, Finland
Radoslav Irgl
COGENERA, Artim d.o.o.
info@cogenera.si
www.cogenera.si

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What is biomass gasification?
Thermal decomposition of biomass:
Thermal process of
biomass
Oxygen proportion
(reaction)
Drying 0,0-0,0
Pyrolysis 0,0-0,1
Gasification 0,1-0,4
Combustion 1,0-1,3

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Biomass gasification
“Downdraft” gasifier

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Wood Syngas
Uplinjanje
biomase
Syngas
CO, H2, CH4, CO2, N2Air (Oxygen)
Biomass
Ash, Carbon
Cogeneration –
heat and power
Thermal application
process heat
200-650oC

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Biomass heat and power (CHP)
Volter 40 kWe / 100 kWth
Dry wood chips
Heat ( hot water) 100 kWth
Electric power 40 kWe
Volter unit CHP

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Volter CHP – frame for container

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Wood chips transport and gasifier
• Fuel is fed from the silo by
screw and chain
conveyors
• Rotating feeder prevents
from free airflow to the
reactor. It also protects
from back fire

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Syngas cooling and cleaning
1. Cooling before the filtering phase (heat recovering 1)
2. Dry filtering system (dust filter)
3. Control washing of Syngas (no running water needed)
4. Cooling to the final product gas temperature (heat recovering 2)
5. Cooled and filtered gas to motor

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Heat and power from syngas
• Gas is fed to engine
• Heat is recovered from engine
and exhaust gas
• Engine turns the generator which
produces clean electricity
•“Agco Sisu Power” adapted diesel
engine with electric generator

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Power regulation and control
Main logic processor
Schneider M258 logic
touch screen control panel
Inverter (ABB ACS800)

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Model: Biomass CHP Volter 30 / 40
Biomass Fuel: Wood chips (birch, spruce, pine, aspen)
Fuel moisture: 12 – 15%, max. 18%
Particle size: 8mm ≤ biomass ≤ 50mm, fine particles (<3,15mm) <1%, all <63mm
Plant structure: Steel frame, Insulated with paroc (or similar) panels
Color: As per agreement
Fuel supply: Spring agitator, auger, rotating feeder
Generator: Agco Sisu Power 4,9L, 4-cyl. / 8,4L, 6-cyl., generator 35 kWe / 45 kWe
Output: Generator output 28 kWe / 40 kWe, thermal 80kW / 100 kWe
Plant own usage : ca. 1,5-2kWe
Fuel consumption: ca. 3,5 m3 / 4,5 m3 - of chips/24h at 100% power level
Automation: Schneider electric PLC, GSM –alarms, remote internet control
Connections: Electricity cable, Heat channel, water line, broadband, GSM-connection
Installation: Asphalt or concrete base
Ash removal: Automatic ash removal
Max. o.t./a: 7800h
Maint. interval: once a week
Other: SynGas from gasification reactor is tar free. Gas cleaning is only for solid particles.

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New module for inside installation
in engine room / boiler room –
28 kWe or 40 kWe

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New module for inside installation
in engine room / boiler room –
28 kWe or 40 kWe

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New module for inside installation
in engine room / boiler room –
28 kWe or 40 kWe

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Syngas composition from
gasifier

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Reference: Eko village Kempele,
Finland (2009)
100% off grid – residential area -> proof of concept
Electricity and heat from wood chips
Completed in 2009
lRIL: Building enterprise #1 in Finland award
1st energy independent residential area in Finland
100% green energy and heat for 10 families
High valued area, satisfied residents

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Reference: Eko village Kempele,
Finland (2009)

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Reference: Eko village Kempele,
Finland (2009)

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Low and zero energy houses

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Low and zero energy houses

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Thermal substation in each house, hot water
tank 750 l, floor heating, low temperature
district heating 45-60 deg. C

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Office building, engine room, wood
chips storage, wind turbine

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Power system of eko village
Biomass gasification - downdraft Battery pack-320 kWh Wind turbine
26 kW
Central hor water tanks-
10.000 l
Genset-Syngas-35 kWe Diesel Genset (back-up) 80kWe

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28kW electricity+ 80kW thermal
Micro grid temperature +65 oC / 45 oC
Hot water reservoirs: central 10m3 + 10x 0,75m3
Battery package: 320kWh, for 24h need
Low energy houses, LED lightning
No electric heating, no electric stoves
Reference: Eko village Kempele,
Finland (2009)

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Syngas automobil
Car model: Chevrolet El Camino, letnik -87
MEngine: 400 cid (6.5 l), automatic transmission
Fuel: Wood Syngas, alternative - bgasoline
Fuel consumption: Wood (blocks) - 40 kg / 100 km
Fuel expence: 2 € / 100 km
Range with one filling: around 200 km
Wood Fuel storage: for 1300 km
Top speed: over 140 km / h
MasTotal weight: ~ 2 000 kg
Construction: leta 2007
Emissions: E4 standard
Electronic engine control: Motec M800, electrical
controlled mixture of lambda-adjustment, gasoline,
and wood gas joint use of facilities, auto carburetor
ignition

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Example of wood dryer
Heat exchanger with fan and container for
biomass drying

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Economic calculation
factors
• Installed power
• Hours of operation per year
• Price of heat
• Price of electricity (incentives)
• Price of biomass
• Service, manpower cost

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Technology for happy customers

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More info: www.cogenera.si, info@cogenera.si
Thank you for your attention!