2. Motivation
Complete the sentences with the 3 states of the volcanoes
An __________ volcano has recently erupted
A __________ volcano has not erupted but may in the future
A __________ volcano has not erupted and it is possible that it
never will
01
02
03
Active Dormant Extinct
3. Introduction to
Phreatomagmatic
eruptions
Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions
resulting from interaction between magma and water.
They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions
and phreatic eruptions. Unlike phreatic eruptions, the
products of phreatomagmatic eruptions
contain juvenile (magmatic) clasts. It is common for a
large explosive eruption to have magmatic and
phreatomagmatic components.
4. Phivolcs said that phreatomagmatic eruption occurs when new magma interacts with water.
● “Ang magma at ang tubig na siyang nasa lawa ng main crater ay nagkaroon ng contact
(The magma and the water that is in the lake of the main crater came into contact),” said
Ma. Antonia V. Bornas, chief of Phivolcs’ Volcano Monitoring and Eruption Prediction
Division.
● “Kaya ang tubig ay bigla siyang nako-convert sa gas na in the form of water vapor. At
yung conversion na ito ay sobrang bilis na ito ay nakakapaglikha ng shockwave o
compression wave (So water is suddenly converted into gas in the form of water vapor.
And this conversion is so fast that it can create a shockwave or compression wave),” she
added.
Resources
5. DEFINITION AND TERMS
Terms Definitions
Phreatic eruption Volcanic eruption caused by an explosion of steam
Magma Natural material created during volcanic eruptions
Maar Low-relief volcanic crater
Eruption Subterranean geological structure formed by volcanic eruption
Pyroclastic
6. The Phivolcs official noted that a phreatomagmatic eruption is different from a
phreatic eruption which is driven by the heat from magma interacting with water
● In a phreatic eruption, there is no interaction
between magma and the water but only the heat
from the magma which results to steam
emissions.
● “Ang phreatic ay steam-driven pero ang
phreatomagmatic ay meron nang kasamang
magma (The phreatic is steam-driven but the
phreatomagmatic already involves magma),”
Bornas explained.
● Phivolcs said the phreatomagmatic eruption only
lasted for around five minutes.
7. 01
The Hatepe eruption in 232 ± 12 AD was the latest major eruption at Lake
Taupō in New Zealand's Taupō Volcanic Zone. There was minor initial
phreatomagmatic activity followed by the dry venting of
6 km3 of rhyolite forming the Hatepe Plinian Pumice. The vent was then
infiltrated by large amounts of water causing the phreatomagmatic eruption
that deposited the 2.5 km3 Hatepe Ash. The water eventually stopped the
eruption though large amounts of water were still erupted from the vent. The
eruption resumed with phreatomagmatic activity that deposited the Rotongaio
Ash.
HATEPE ERUPTION
8. 02
MOUNT PINATUBO is on the Central Luzon landmass between the South
China Sea and the Philippine Sea. The 1991 eruption of
Pinatubo was andesite and dacite in the pre-climactic phase but only dacite in
the climactic phase. The climactic phase had a volume of 3.7–5.3 km. The
eruption consisted of sequentially increasing ash emissions, dome growth, 4
vertical eruptions with continued dome growth, 13 pyroclastic flows and a
climactic vertical eruption with associated pyroclastic flows.[10] The pre-
climactic phase was phreatomagmatic.
1991 eruption of Mount
Pinatubo
9. 03
SANTORINI is part of the Southern Aegean volcanic arc, 140 km north
of Crete. The Minoan eruption of Santorini, was the latest eruption and
occurred in the first half of the 17th century BC. The eruption was of
predominantly rhyodacite composition.
Minoan eruption of
Santorini
11. CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo,
and includes icons by Flaticon and infographics & images by
Freepik
Chapter Closed!
Do you have any questions?
i hope this finally helps all of us move forward. I won’t be
entertaining questions regarding this anymore. Thank you for
understanding.my
12. Alternative resources
Here’s an assortment of alternative resources whose style fits the one of this template:
Vectors
● Flat global environmental problems infographic
13. Instructions for use
If you have a free account, in order to use this template, you must credit Slidesgo by keeping the Thanks slide. Please
refer to the next slide to read the instructions for premium users.
As a Free user, you are allowed to:
● Modify this template.
● Use it for both personal and commercial projects.
You are not allowed to:
● Sublicense, sell or rent any of Slidesgo Content (or a modified version of Slidesgo Content).
● Distribute Slidesgo Content unless it has been expressly authorized by Slidesgo.
● Include Slidesgo Content in an online or offline database or file.
● Offer Slidesgo templates (or modified versions of Slidesgo templates) for download.
● Acquire the copyright of Slidesgo Content.
For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs or visit our blog:
https://slidesgo.com/faqs and https://slidesgo.com/slidesgo-school
14. As a Premium user, you can use this template without attributing Slidesgo or keeping the "Thanks" slide.
You are allowed to:
● Modify this template.
● Use it for both personal and commercial purposes.
● Hide or delete the “Thanks” slide and the mention to Slidesgo in the credits.
● Share this template in an editable format with people who are not part of your team.
You are not allowed to:
● Sublicense, sell or rent this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template).
● Distribute this Slidesgo Template (or a modified version of this Slidesgo Template) or include it in a database or in
any other product or service that offers downloadable images, icons or presentations that may be subject to
distribution or resale.
● Use any of the elements that are part of this Slidesgo Template in an isolated and separated way from this
Template.
● Register any of the elements that are part of this template as a trademark or logo, or register it as a work in an
intellectual property registry or similar.
For more information about editing slides, please read our FAQs or visit our blog:
https://slidesgo.com/faqs and https://slidesgo.com/slidesgo-school
Instructions for use (premium users)
