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Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä
This document discusses Wärtsilä's biogas and BioLNG solutions. It provides an overview of biogas and biomethane production processes including anaerobic digestion, biogas upgrading, and liquefaction. Statistics on biogas potential and production are presented. Wärtsilä's Puregas upgrading and MR liquefaction technologies are described. The document also discusses the role of biogas and BioLNG in reducing emissions from transportation and as a transition fuel for shipping. Case studies of Wärtsilä biogas projects are briefly summarized.
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Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä
- 1. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä1 BIOGAS & BIOLNG SOLUTIONS BY WÄRTSILÄ 15.9.2020 REETTA KAILA TECHNOLOGY & DEVELOPMENT MANAGER BIOGAS SOLUTIONS
- 2. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä2 INCREASING AWARENESS OF BIOGAS POTENTIAL & STATISTICS Rolande delivering bioLNG to the road transport Road transport usage in Sweden: 94% biogas
- 3. © Wärtsilä FUEL ALTERNATIVES Synthetic/e-fuels(Power-to-X) • Hydrogen (H2) • Ammonia (NH3) • Methanol • Synthetic methane (LSM) Biofuels • Liquid biofuels HVO - ISO 8217 compliant FAME Crude biofuels (soya, rapeseed, palm oils, fish fat) • Biomethane (CBG/ LBM), BioLNG • Bioethanol Fossil fuels HFO, MGO, LNG, LPG, Diesel, Gasoline To fulfil the emission legislation within shipping, additional technologies have to be deployed: • Scrubbers ( SOx) • SCR (NOx) • Carbon Capture – not yet available Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä16.9.20203
- 4. © Wärtsilä 16.9.20204 GLOBALBUNKER FUEL DEMAND (330 MTON/A) VS BIOFUEL SUPPLY TO THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR Synthetic fuels (Power-to-X) FAME & HVO are part of committed and legislated biofuel mixing into road transportation fuels in various territories (eg. EU & US) Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä FUEL DEMAND Approx production rates • Liq biofuels 40 Mton/a • Bigas 40 Mton/a, of which • Biomethane 1 Mton/a • PtX fuels 0.16 Mton/a
- 5. © Wärtsilä GLOBAL GHGEMISSIONS BY INDUSTRY SECTOR – DEMAND FOR GREEN H2 Industry Electricity & heat production Agriculture, Forestry, Land use Buildings Other energy Road Air Rail Water 16.9.20205 GHG EMISSIONS Rail Transport Fertilisers (ammonia) Chemical industry Steel industry Replace coal with XX? Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä
- 6. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä6 BIOLNG PRODUCTION CHAIN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION BIOMETHANE LIQUEFACTIONBIOGAS UPGRADING BIOMETHANE BIOLNGBIOGAS
- 7. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä7 WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BIOGAS AND BIOMETHANE?Biogas Composition 50-60% CH4 40-50% CO2 Traces of H2S & impurities Production by Anaerobic Digestion 360 TWh (2017) ~40 Mton/a Use Heat and electricity (CHP) Domestic use (cooking) Upgrading to transport fuel Biomethane Composition 97-99% CH4 1-2% CO2 Production by Biogas Upgrading 50 PJ = 13,9 TWh 1,02 Mton/a Use Transport fuel Supply to gas grid Energy storage for base and peak loads Sources: World biogas association & Irena Circular economy Turning waste to high value, renewable energy and fertilizers, being CO2 neutral and having a high carbon efficiency. Sustainable societies Local job creation. Domestic energy supply security. Waste treatment.
- 8. © Wärtsilä 16.9.20208 BIOLNGAVAILABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SHIPPING & HEAVY ROAD TRANSPORTATION DEMANDS ENERGY DEMAND • Heavy road transportation • Maritime SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY • Forestry products & residues • Agricultural residues • Energy crops Energy(EJ) 2030 2050 Low High Low High Low High Low High 1 EJ = Exajoule = 1x10^18 Energy crops are only grown on ‘surplus land’ i.e. land that is not used for production of food, feed and fibres (ligno-cellulosic, etc) Aquatic biomass has a potential of 600- 1500 EJ in 2050 Source: BioLNG availability analysis by CE DElft for SEALNG (03/2020)Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä FUEL AVAILABILITY
- 9. © Wärtsilä Pipeline NG LPG LNG DFengine requirements • Heating value (LHV) (> 28 MJ/kg) • Methane number (>70/80) • Derating & knocking LNG fuel storage requirements • Cryogenic fuel temperature (-160/158 C) • Bunkering & pressure build-up • Boil-off rate & tank holding time Carbon dioxide CO2 Nitrogen N2 Methane CH4 Ethane C2H6 Propane C3H8 Butanes C4H10 Pentanes+ C5H12+ N2 CH4 C2H6 C3H8 i-C4H10 Average fossil LNG (MN 77) FUEL GAS QUALITY MEASURES 16.9.20209 FUEL QUALITY & BLENDS LBM LNG source LHV (MJ/kg) Methane number Fossil 49.7 65-85 Biological 49.9 100 FUEL GAS COMPOSITIONS Wärtsilä Biogas Solutions/ KAILABiogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä
- 10. © Wärtsilä 16.9.202010 THEBIOLNG PRODUCTION CHAIN Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä Energy crop Manure Organic waste Sewage CBG – compressed biogas to fuelling stations Biogas to gas grid Biomethane Puregas CA Raw biogas Heat Bio CO2 Bio fertilizer Anaerobic digester CH4/CO2 = 50/50 (60/40) Bio CO2 bioLNG Feedstock Anaerobic Digestion Biogas Upgrading Biogas Liquefaction
- 11. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä11 BIOGAS UPGRADING WITH WÄRTSILÄ PUREGAS CA Alternative CO2 capture technologies • PSA • Water scrubbers • Membranes Low OPEX • 75% heat recovery by heat-integration • Electricity < 0,11 kWh/Nm3 • Closed-loop amine-water system • Low consumption of water and solvents Low maintenance costs • 98% uptime guarantee <0,1% CO2 no VOCs, siloxanes or H2S Biomethane Gas compression and drying Raw biogas bio CO2 H2S Removal 1. Absorption 2. Stripping Heat 99,9% CO2 <0,05% CH4 97-99,9% CH4 Puregas CA is based on amine technology (LP) 1. CO2 capture 2. Amine regeneration Max CH4 recovery and highest purity Sönderjysk II CA80, 1.4.2020
- 12. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä12 BIOGAS LIQUEFACTION WITH WÄRTSILÄ MR-PROCESS (MIXED REFRIGERANT) Puregas CA polishing CO2 < 50 ppm H2O < 1 ppm H2S < 4ppm Industrial bioLNG quality • Subcooled to -162C • No Boil Off Gas (BOG) • Lowest OPEX (power < 0.75 kWh/kg) • MR technology for 6 – 25 tpd • Semi-dual brayton for 100 – 250 tpd
- 13. © Wärtsilä 0 1020 30 40 50 60 70 Capacity range - Biomethane (tons/day) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Mini-scale development CA30 CA50 CA60 CA70 CA80 Capacity range - Raw biogas (Nm3/h) STANDARDISED PRODUCTS WITH MODULAR DESIGN 16.9.2020 Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä13 0 50 100 150 200 250 MR6 MR10 MR17 MR25 MR25S SDB100 SDB170 SDB250 Liquefaction capacities - BioLNG (tons/day) PUREGASCA LIQUEFACTION HUBSSPOTS
- 14. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä14 WHY WÄRTSILÄ BIOGAS UPGRADING & LIQUEFACTION? • Modular & standardised design • Integrated housing • Compact footprint • Relocation possible • EPCIC delivery Engineering/ Procurement/ Construction/ Installation/ Commissioning • Manufactured and FAT tested before delivery • Quick site installation (min site disturbance) • Short lead time (<6/11 months delivery to site) 40 meters 120 TPD / 43,800 TPA 240 TPD / 87,600 TPA before expansion (2003) Kollsnes I Kollsnes II Twice the capacity – half the foot print Skive CA80H2S, 24.10.2019 PROJECT EXECUTION
- 15. © Wärtsilä • Easyoperations • Quick start-up and shut-down of all systems • Fully-automated cool down & self-regulating capacity control from 0 to 100% • Integrated operations for whole process • 24/7 service support through service agreements • Remote monitoring & control • Design for unmanned operation • Local control of export station • Self-operated by truck drivers Well-proven technology as a turn-key solution! WHY WÄRTSILÄ BIOGAS UPGRADING & LIQUEFACTION? 16.9.2020 Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä15 OPERATIONS
- 16. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä16 REFERENCE SUMMARY Liquefaction plants: 4 Upgrading plants: 42 (including 1 membrane plant) Conventional versions: 34 BioLNG versions: 4 H2S versions: 5 Compressor stations: 11 Boiler solutions: 9 H2S reduction solutions: 5CO2 liquefaction plants: “2” Biogas Liquefaction: 3 Boil Off Gas Liquefaction: 1
- 17. © Wärtsilä17 EXAMPLE: BIOGASUPGRADING AND LIQUEFACTION PLANT, TRONDHEIM NORWAY “We expect strong demand for liquefied biogas as fuel. Wärtsilä’s biogas upgrading and liquefaction solution represents an important step forward in realising this potential.” Biokraft LBG (bioLNG, LBM) Owner Biokraft AS, Norway Type LBM plant Tank net volume 350 m3 Capacity 25 TPD / 9,125 TPA Size of upgrading liquefaction unit 20 m x 30 m 12 m x 20 m Gas source Biogas from fish industry and paper mill waste Details Biogas to be used on city buses in Trondheim and as bunker fuel for Hurtigruten RoPax Scope of supply Liquefaction plant, incl. • Puregas CA biogas upgrading • Cooling system • MR liquefaction process • Storage tank • Electrical and control systems • Service agreement • Installation of plant Excl. Civil works Delivery method EPC Delivered 2017 Skogn 21. august 2017 https://www.Biokraft.no/biokraft-skogn 16.9.2020 Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä Circular economy & sustainable societies
- 18. © Wärtsilä 16.9.2020Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä18 CONCEPT FOR PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC BIOMETHANE 18 *) Synthetic Natural Gas **) Compressed Natural Gas Biowaste Anaerobic digester Raw Gas Biogas Upgrading Bio methane Biogas Liquefaction CNG**) CO2 capture Ambient air or a point source CO2 CO2 Liquefaction CO2 H2 O2 Excess renewable energy e- Water Electrolysis Bio-fertilisers (Global CO2 emissions reduction potential up to 6%) Bio +30 to 45% increased yield Methanation SNG*) H2O Power-to-X (synthetic methane) Source CO2 Air 450 ppm Exhaust gas 5% BioUp off-gas 99,9% BIOGAS SOLUTIONS LINK TO PTX
- 19. © Wärtsilä 16.9.202019 TRANSITIONFUELS WILL BE NEEDED TO COPE WITH THE LACK OF GREEN FUELS Limited shipyard capacity is a risk factor 2050Today Available shipyard capacity Needed capacity ENSURES FUEL FLEXIBILITY AND IS A FUTURE-PROOF SOLUTION TO 2030 DUAL-FUEL COMBUSTION ENGINE LNG FUEL GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM BRINGS YOU EASILY TO 2050 WITHOUT ANY ADAPTIONS ON YOUR ENGINE ARRANGEMENT BLENDING BIO/SYNTHETIC LNG OR H2 • BioLNG technology is mature throughout the value chain • Ramp-up of scale is depended on fuel demand (off-take contracts & incentives) • Time to act is now! Biogas & BioLNG solutions by Wärtsilä
- 20. Reetta Kaila, DSc(Tech) Technology& Development Manager Wärtsilä Biogas Solutions reetta.kaila@wartsila.com