The document discusses biomethane production from palm oil mill effluent (POME) and potential utilization options. It finds that a 60 ton/hr palm oil mill could produce 2.43 million m3 of biomethane per year. Investing in a 500 m3/hr upgrading plant would cost $4.3 million with annual operating costs of $349,092. Selling biomethane as compressed gas could yield $10.26/MMBTU. Potential utilization includes injection into gas grids, use as vehicle fuel to replace diesel, and replacing LPG in commercial/industrial applications. The document recommends focusing on captive uses like fueling plantation trucks to replace costly diesel.
March 2014 World Oil: Greener completions advance in the MarcellusBaker Hughes
Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation, a Baker Hughes customer operating in the Marcellus shale play in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, wanted to improve the overall efficiency of its hydraulic fracturing operations while minimizing air emissions; reducing road traffic; and lowering health, safety, and environmental (HSE) risks. Baker Hughes proposed a Bifuel fracturing service, using the company's Rhino™ Bifuel frac pumps. Visit our website to learn more: http://www.bakerhughes.com/bifuel.
Clean Frac'ing Conference PresentationBritt Thomas
Presentation by Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation and Baker Hughes at the Clean Frac'ing Conference in Houston, TX on February 17. Discussing use of fleet of bifuel hydraulic fracturing engines to complete a 10-well pad in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. Then a transition into the communications process behind discussing any highly-technical topic.
March 2014 World Oil: Greener completions advance in the MarcellusBaker Hughes
Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation, a Baker Hughes customer operating in the Marcellus shale play in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, wanted to improve the overall efficiency of its hydraulic fracturing operations while minimizing air emissions; reducing road traffic; and lowering health, safety, and environmental (HSE) risks. Baker Hughes proposed a Bifuel fracturing service, using the company's Rhino™ Bifuel frac pumps. Visit our website to learn more: http://www.bakerhughes.com/bifuel.
Clean Frac'ing Conference PresentationBritt Thomas
Presentation by Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation and Baker Hughes at the Clean Frac'ing Conference in Houston, TX on February 17. Discussing use of fleet of bifuel hydraulic fracturing engines to complete a 10-well pad in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. Then a transition into the communications process behind discussing any highly-technical topic.
The Global CCS Institute and USEA co-hosted a briefing on the importance of R&D in advancing energy technologies on June 29 2017. This is the presentation given by Ron Munson, Global Lead-Capture at the Global CCS Institute.
Future carbon capture R&D efforts need to focus on cost reductions in three main areas: materials, processes and equipment. In this webinar Ron Munson, the Institute’s Principal Manager – Capture, gave an overview of the current directions in carbon capture R&D, including development of higher performance solvents, sorbents and membranes; process improvements and intensification; equipment development; and novel equipment designs.
Increasing Calorific Value of Biogas using Different Techniques: A Reviewijsrd.com
The use of fossil fuel is increasing day by day and is going to deplete soon. Biogas is a clean environment friendly fuel. Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion of organic waste cannot be utilized straight off as a vehicle fuel. The gases produced from anaerobic digestion are CH4 and trace components like CO2, H2O, H2S, Siloxanes, Hydrocarbons, NH3, O2, CO and N2. To use biogas as fuel, its CV should be about equal to CV of natural gas. Hence CV of biogas can be improved by removing CO2 and trace components from biogas. These gases are not completely combustible and will harm engine parts. For transforming biogas to bioCNG two steps are performed: (1) cleaning process to remove trace components and (2) upgrading process to increase CV of biogas. This paper reviews the attempt made to increase CV of a biogas by different methods for cleaning and upgrading.
CALSTART Biomethane AB 118 Biofuels Workshop 9 09CALSTART
CALSTART President and CEO, John Boesel, presentation at California Energy Commission on Biomethane and AB 118 at a CEC biofuel workshop September 9, 2009. www.calstart.org
SYNGAS CONDITIONING UNIT FEASIBILITY CASE STUDY: COAL-TO-LIQUIDSGerard B. Hawkins
SYNGAS CONDITIONING UNIT FEASIBILITY CASE STUDY: COAL-TO-LIQUIDS
Case Study: #0953616GB/H
HT SHIFT REACTOR CATALYST SPECIFICATION
Process Specification
This process duty specification refers to a Syngas Conditioning Unit which utilizes HT Shift reaction technology on a slip stream of raw gas to produce a recombined gas stream with a H2:CO ratio of 1.57:1. This is an important consideration as the Shift reactor is not required to minimize CO at outlet, and this specification refers to the expected performance that can be achieved in a single stage reactor scheme.
The Syngas Conditioning Unit is part of a proposed coal-to-liquids complex in which synthesis gas is produced by gasification of coal for downstream processing in a Fischer Tropsch reactor and Hydrocracker unit.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
More Related Content
Similar to Desktop study for biomethane utilization from POME.pptx
The Global CCS Institute and USEA co-hosted a briefing on the importance of R&D in advancing energy technologies on June 29 2017. This is the presentation given by Ron Munson, Global Lead-Capture at the Global CCS Institute.
Future carbon capture R&D efforts need to focus on cost reductions in three main areas: materials, processes and equipment. In this webinar Ron Munson, the Institute’s Principal Manager – Capture, gave an overview of the current directions in carbon capture R&D, including development of higher performance solvents, sorbents and membranes; process improvements and intensification; equipment development; and novel equipment designs.
Increasing Calorific Value of Biogas using Different Techniques: A Reviewijsrd.com
The use of fossil fuel is increasing day by day and is going to deplete soon. Biogas is a clean environment friendly fuel. Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion of organic waste cannot be utilized straight off as a vehicle fuel. The gases produced from anaerobic digestion are CH4 and trace components like CO2, H2O, H2S, Siloxanes, Hydrocarbons, NH3, O2, CO and N2. To use biogas as fuel, its CV should be about equal to CV of natural gas. Hence CV of biogas can be improved by removing CO2 and trace components from biogas. These gases are not completely combustible and will harm engine parts. For transforming biogas to bioCNG two steps are performed: (1) cleaning process to remove trace components and (2) upgrading process to increase CV of biogas. This paper reviews the attempt made to increase CV of a biogas by different methods for cleaning and upgrading.
CALSTART Biomethane AB 118 Biofuels Workshop 9 09CALSTART
CALSTART President and CEO, John Boesel, presentation at California Energy Commission on Biomethane and AB 118 at a CEC biofuel workshop September 9, 2009. www.calstart.org
SYNGAS CONDITIONING UNIT FEASIBILITY CASE STUDY: COAL-TO-LIQUIDSGerard B. Hawkins
SYNGAS CONDITIONING UNIT FEASIBILITY CASE STUDY: COAL-TO-LIQUIDS
Case Study: #0953616GB/H
HT SHIFT REACTOR CATALYST SPECIFICATION
Process Specification
This process duty specification refers to a Syngas Conditioning Unit which utilizes HT Shift reaction technology on a slip stream of raw gas to produce a recombined gas stream with a H2:CO ratio of 1.57:1. This is an important consideration as the Shift reactor is not required to minimize CO at outlet, and this specification refers to the expected performance that can be achieved in a single stage reactor scheme.
The Syngas Conditioning Unit is part of a proposed coal-to-liquids complex in which synthesis gas is produced by gasification of coal for downstream processing in a Fischer Tropsch reactor and Hydrocracker unit.
Similar to Desktop study for biomethane utilization from POME.pptx (20)
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
2. Biomethane
Definition
Page 2
biomethane, “is a biogas which has been
upgraded to a quality similar to fossil natural
gas and having a methane concentration of 90%
or greater”.
Also known as Bio CNG, CBG (Compressed
Biogas), Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), and
Sustainable Natural Gas (SNG)
11. Biogas
Upgrading
Technology
Page 11
Water Scrubbing
Scrubbing, also referred to as absorption, is based on the effect whereby
gas components are soluble in different fluids to varying degrees. The
water scrubbing method use water as a solvent to absorb CO2 that have
much higher solubility than methane in water.
12. Biogas
Upgrading
Technology
Page 12
Water Scrubbing
• Operating pressure: 4-10 bar
• Simple technology
• Water is less selective than other solvents and not
suitable for dry area
• No project reference in South East Asia
13. Biogas
Upgrading
Technology
Page 13
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA)
Adsorptive methods are based on the principle that different gas
components are attracted differently to specific surfaces (adsorbed) or
penetrate to varying degrees into the pores of the material.
14. Biogas
Upgrading
Technology
Page 14
• Operating pressure: 2-7 bar
• Need consumables as adsorbents like activated carbon,
zeolites, silica gel etc.
• Mechanical stress to the equipment is relatively high
• Have project reference in South East Asia
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA)
21. Economic
Aspect
Page 21
Fuel Price Comparison
8.6
10.3
7.1
9.1
10.9
19.3 19.3 19.3
25.1
Price/ MMBTU
(USD)
Biomethane (CH4 90%)
Biomethane compressed (CH4
90%)
Natural gas
CNG at fuel station
CNG for industry
LPG (non subsidized)
Gasoline (Pertamax)
Diesel (dexlite)
Diesel (industrial)
22. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 22
City Gas Network
Transmission pipe
40 bar
Distribution pipe
1-5 bar
Biomethane
plant
Biomethane is injected directly to the existing natural gas grid without
compressed through transmission pipe then to distribution pipe directly
to industry, commercial or residential use.
23. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 23
City Gas Network
PT PGN Natural gas pipe network, majority in Sumatera and Java. Government
set maximum gas price for strategic industry is 6 USD/MMBTU but the actual
price is 7-10 USD/MMBTU
24. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 24
City Gas Network
PT PGN Natural gas pipe network, majority in Sumatera and Java. Government
set maximum gas price for strategic industry is 6 USD/MMBTU but the actual
price is 7-10 USD/MMBTU
25. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 25
City Gas Network
Advantage Challenge
- can utilize existing gas network
- high demand for gas and include
in the government planning
- no high-pressure compression
needed
- small profit margin because need
to follow city gas price set by
government
- procedure to tap into existing gas
network is unclear
- limited location in proximity of gas
network
27. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 27
Vehicle Fuel Conversion
Mono or Dedicated
Conversion System
(Mono)
Dual Fuel System (DDF)
Bi-Fuel System
(Switch)
Runs 100% on
biomethane
Runs with both diesel and
biomethane (50/50 in
average, depend on
engine RPM)
Can switch between
gasoline or biomethane
Only for diesel engine Only for diesel engine Only for gasoline engine
Depend on biomethane
availability
Not depend on
biomethane so less risk
on operation
Not depend on
biomethane so less risk
on operation
28. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 28
Vehicle Fuel
Advantage Challenge
• most truck in the plantation area
using diesel that costly and
unsubsidized
• diesel vehicle conversion to natural
gas vehicle already common
implemented for NGV
• high investment cost to convert
diesel fuel vehicle
• engine efficiency for dual fuel
depend on the road condition that
affect engine RPM
• forfeited warranty for the engine if
converted
30. Biomethane
Utilization
Page 30
Diesel Genset
Advantage Challenge
- plantation still using diesel genset for
the mill and housing
- more efficient for dual fuel application
because more consistent load (60-70%
biomethane mix)
- additional investment for gas
distribution and PRS
- economic feasibility strictly depend
on engine running hour
33. Biomethane
Utilization
LPG Replacement
Advantage Challenge
- high consumption for LPG for
commercial and industry
- high price for LPG compare to
biomethane
- locally available and not depend on
import
- need technical modification to
accommodate bio CNG
- additional investment for gas
distribution and PRS
- industry availability near the
biomethane plant that mostly in remote
area
34. Recommen
dation
• Biomethane utilization for palm oil mill plantation captive
energy such as fuel for trucks or diesel genset have more
potential for implementation and offer interesting financial
return because replacing costly diesel fuel. Can start with
mills that already have biogas plant but not yet fully
utilized.
• Need to do additional market study such as mapping for
palm oil mill that locate near the industrial area or other
potential off taker for biomethane.
• Need to promote the biomethane utilization potential to
more stakeholder such as government, private sector and
public to support the biomethane development in
Indonesia.