This document provides an introduction to cells, membranes, and membrane potential. It discusses the key components of cells, including proteins and DNA bases. Membrane structures are examined, including the phospholipid bilayer and integral membrane proteins. The document also covers the theory of membrane potential and interfacial electron transfer in biological systems, such as the adsorption of proteins onto metals from solution.
2. Content
• Introduction to cells, membranes, membrane potential
• Theory of membrane potential
• Interfacial electron transfer in biological system
• Adsorption of proteins onto metals from solution
5. • (a)The four
organic bases
present in
DNA.Each base is
attached to a
ribose molecule
through a bond
from the
nitrogen.(b)
Structure of
deoxyadenosine,a
nucleotide
formed from
phosphoric
acid,deoxyribose
and an organic
base ,adenine.
6. Membrane potential
• Electron micrograph a section from a yeast cell. The outer envelope is
the cell wall. The inner double line is the cytoplasmatic membrane.
7. • Typical biological membrane structures. A liquid-mosaic model in the form
proposed by A.Kortya with different types of disposition of membrane
potential)(Phospolipids are shown as dark circles with two wavy tails)
• IB1,Integral membrane bridging protein with a single polypeptide span
• IB2 the same with several spans
• IN& IC integral noncytoplasmic and cytoplasmic proteins,
• P-peripheral protein
