This document examines the effects of a "flipped learning" approach in a Modern World History class at Reservoir High School. The author interned with teacher Matt Gresick to study the impact of designing online video lectures for students to watch at home. In a four-week study, the author found that 70% of students saw improved performance on assignments related to the video topics compared to their previous grades. Additionally, 78% of students felt more prepared for upcoming units. Students also enjoyed the increased interaction in a flipped classroom compared to a traditional setting. Most felt they could be successful with flipped learning in the future.
"The effects of flipped classroom on learning effectiveness: using learning ...eraser Juan José Calderón
"The effects of flipped classroom on learning effectiveness: using learning satisfaction as the mediator" de Pao-Ching Lin & Hai-Ming Chen. Tamkang University. New Taipei City, Taiwan. Revista World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education 2016 WIETE, Vol.14, No.2, 2016.
Exploring the Learning Outcomes of a Flipped Learning Methodology for Post-Se...Rich McCue
This document outlines a presentation on a study exploring the learning outcomes of using a flipped learning methodology for post-secondary information literacy instruction compared to a traditional teaching method. The presentation covers the research questions, theoretical frameworks, mixed methods research design, results from quantitative pre- and post-tests and qualitative student interviews, educational implications drawn from the findings, and limitations and opportunities for future research. Key results include higher achievement and confidence levels on post-tests for students in the flipped learning sections, particularly for ESL students, and qualitative feedback indicating students found the flipped approach more engaging and helpful for scaffolding larger assignments.
The document describes changes made to a TESOL module to implement a flipped learning model. Key changes included moving short language lectures online as screencasts and videos for pre-class work, and using class time for more interactive activities and applying content to practice. This aimed to give students more control over their learning and better prepare them for in-class discussions. Evaluation found that while some students engaged well with pre-work, others struggled with independent learning or found both pre- and post-work excessive. The module will be refined based on learning points around orientation, feedback, and modifying task lengths and types.
The Four Pillars of Flipped Learning F-L-I-PKelly Walsh
Slide deck based on the formal definition of Flipped Learning, and associated publicatins, from the Flipped Learning Network: http://flippedlearning.org.
Review of the flipped learning literature int he STEM disciplinesElaine Huber
This document summarizes Elaine Huber's preliminary findings from a review of the literature on flipping the STEM classroom. It provides an overview of the current literature, aims of the review, methodology, findings organized by themes, and next steps. The main findings are that studies generally report positive perceptions of achievement, engagement, and self-efficacy, though some note increased workload or lack of preparation. Gaps in the literature are also identified, such as a lack of non-US based studies, longitudinal studies, and a design framework for flipping STEM courses.
It's time for change from traditional lecture to flipped learning modelAlfredo Prieto Martín
We discuss the reasons for urgent change of our model of university learning. We show results of five years of flipped model in spanish university courses
The document provides an introduction to the flipped classroom model of learning. It defines the flipped classroom as rearranging how time is spent in and out of class to shift ownership of learning from educators to students. It describes the traditional classroom model and concerns with it. The flipped model has students learn lessons as homework via videos or other media, then do homework and problem-solving in class with teacher guidance. The document discusses benefits like extending access to resources and allowing various learning styles. It provides an example of flipping math courses and positive results. In conclusion, it encourages starting small and provides tips for implementing flipped learning.
"The effects of flipped classroom on learning effectiveness: using learning ...eraser Juan José Calderón
"The effects of flipped classroom on learning effectiveness: using learning satisfaction as the mediator" de Pao-Ching Lin & Hai-Ming Chen. Tamkang University. New Taipei City, Taiwan. Revista World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education 2016 WIETE, Vol.14, No.2, 2016.
Exploring the Learning Outcomes of a Flipped Learning Methodology for Post-Se...Rich McCue
This document outlines a presentation on a study exploring the learning outcomes of using a flipped learning methodology for post-secondary information literacy instruction compared to a traditional teaching method. The presentation covers the research questions, theoretical frameworks, mixed methods research design, results from quantitative pre- and post-tests and qualitative student interviews, educational implications drawn from the findings, and limitations and opportunities for future research. Key results include higher achievement and confidence levels on post-tests for students in the flipped learning sections, particularly for ESL students, and qualitative feedback indicating students found the flipped approach more engaging and helpful for scaffolding larger assignments.
The document describes changes made to a TESOL module to implement a flipped learning model. Key changes included moving short language lectures online as screencasts and videos for pre-class work, and using class time for more interactive activities and applying content to practice. This aimed to give students more control over their learning and better prepare them for in-class discussions. Evaluation found that while some students engaged well with pre-work, others struggled with independent learning or found both pre- and post-work excessive. The module will be refined based on learning points around orientation, feedback, and modifying task lengths and types.
The Four Pillars of Flipped Learning F-L-I-PKelly Walsh
Slide deck based on the formal definition of Flipped Learning, and associated publicatins, from the Flipped Learning Network: http://flippedlearning.org.
Review of the flipped learning literature int he STEM disciplinesElaine Huber
This document summarizes Elaine Huber's preliminary findings from a review of the literature on flipping the STEM classroom. It provides an overview of the current literature, aims of the review, methodology, findings organized by themes, and next steps. The main findings are that studies generally report positive perceptions of achievement, engagement, and self-efficacy, though some note increased workload or lack of preparation. Gaps in the literature are also identified, such as a lack of non-US based studies, longitudinal studies, and a design framework for flipping STEM courses.
It's time for change from traditional lecture to flipped learning modelAlfredo Prieto Martín
We discuss the reasons for urgent change of our model of university learning. We show results of five years of flipped model in spanish university courses
The document provides an introduction to the flipped classroom model of learning. It defines the flipped classroom as rearranging how time is spent in and out of class to shift ownership of learning from educators to students. It describes the traditional classroom model and concerns with it. The flipped model has students learn lessons as homework via videos or other media, then do homework and problem-solving in class with teacher guidance. The document discusses benefits like extending access to resources and allowing various learning styles. It provides an example of flipping math courses and positive results. In conclusion, it encourages starting small and provides tips for implementing flipped learning.
Blended and flipped learning presentation prep for BEA Conference September 2016Bernd Meyer
Blended and Flipped Learning involves combining digital content and online tools with traditional classroom activities. It allows teachers to differentiate instruction to address different learning styles and provide immediate feedback.
The document discusses a teacher's implementation of blended learning in their business and commerce classes. They aim to use online instructional videos or "clips" to free up class time for collaborative tasks, questioning, and feedback. Students can access clips independently and are held accountable through tools to check understanding like Quizlet, Google Forms, and polls. The teacher creates their own instructional clips and finds blended learning supports critical thinking and extending understanding through various online collaboration tools.
Taller sobre como implementar aprendizaje inverso en enseñanzas universitarias Como motivar a los alumnos hacerles llegar la información a aprender y reaccionar a sus necesidades
Cómo el aprendizaje inverso, el diseño adaptativo y la gamificación favorecen...Alfredo Prieto Martín
Se describre cómo el aprendizaje inverso, el diseño adaptativo y la gamificación favorecen el aprendizaje activo y la enseñanza funcional y se muestran las mejoras en resultados de aprendizaje
The document discusses the flipped classroom model of instruction. It begins by outlining challenges in traditional classrooms like disengaged learners and large class sizes. It then defines the flipped classroom as exposing learners to new material like videos prior to class, and using class time for hands-on activities. Benefits include maximizing class time for active learning and individualized attention. The document provides examples and resources for implementing flipped classrooms, and discusses assessment and deciding which lessons to flip. Overall, the flipped classroom aims to shift lower-level learning outside of class in order to use class time for higher-order thinking.
E-Learning Development Team Lunchtime Webinar (2 November 2015, University of York). This presentation explores concepts of flipped classroom / flipped learning design. Drawing upon literature for definitions and case studies of different learning design models. This 'design' presentation will be followed up with technical advice later in the year. The intended audience is higher education lecturers.
Herramientas ubiquitous learning flipped and discovery learning lastedna goff
This document discusses three learning methodologies: ubiquitous learning, flipped learning, and discovery learning. It provides videos to explain ubiquitous learning and flipped learning, and has the learner do an outdoor activity related to flipped learning. Discovery learning is also discussed with a video. The conclusion states that these three learner-centered approaches engage students and help transform schools into places where students take more responsibility in their learning and teachers act as facilitators.
Increasing student engagement has been one of the main focus to improve the quality of a learning experience. In this talk we cover two aspects that can contribute to this increase: flipped learning, and feedback.
This information was presented by Marcio Oliveira at the 2014 North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity as part of the symposium "Motor Development in Higher Education: The Digital Revolution in Teaching & Learning". The symposium was organized by Casey M. Breslin, Pam Haibach, and Marcio Oliveira.
Flipped classroom - A quick guide to concepts and practice Richard Grieman
Flipped classroom, inverted classroom, blended classroom, flipped class, inverted class, flipped class basics, how to flip a class, how to flip a classroom, flipped class guide, flipped classroom guide, flipped classroom basics, experience with flipped classroom, experience with flipped classes, what is a flipped class, what is a flipped classroom, partially flipped classes, tools needed to flip a class, examples of flipped classroom, examples of flipped classes, flipped classroom design, designing a flipped class, designing a flipped classroom, curriculum,
This document presents information about flipped classrooms including:
- A flipped classroom moves activities like lectures outside of class time and uses class time for hands-on work and discussions.
- Benefits include personalized learning, one-on-one teacher time, and students learning at their own pace. Challenges include reliance on student preparation and increased screen time.
- Steps for implementing a flipped classroom include getting buy-in, creating online resources, managing the classroom, providing technology training, and assigning content for homework.
- An example lesson plan is provided that focuses on gas exchange in the lungs and uses a storytelling activity in groups.
Multidisciplinary Flipped Learning with ICTAyla Savaşçı
The document discusses a flipped learning project involving multiple countries to develop English language skills. The main goal is to flip an English classroom by creating digital learning materials like videos based on the Turkish English curriculum. This allows students to gain first exposure to new material outside of class, freeing up class time for activities like discussion and problem solving. Technology helps support flipped classrooms by providing learning materials in different formats and allowing feedback. The project aims to increase teaching and learning quality using this innovative student-centered flipped learning model.
Flipping Out: Concepts of Inverted Classrooms for Teaching and TrainingPaul Brown
1. The document discusses flipping the classroom, which involves moving lectures outside of class time through videos and using class time for active learning activities like discussions and problem-solving.
2. Examples are provided of how to flip both a graduate education course and a student conduct training. For the course, lectures were moved to pre-class videos and class time involved activities like quizzes and group projects. For training, components like reviewing policies and incident reports were made into pre-work videos.
3. The document reviews research supporting flipped learning and lists potential barriers for faculty like extra time needed and concerns about assessing student work done outside of class. It also profiles common technologies used in flipped settings like blogs, wikis and podcast
Flipped classroom and blended learning, prosLuz Bencosme
Flipped classroom and blended learning are related but distinct pedagogical models. A flipped classroom reverses traditional lecture and homework elements by delivering instructional content, such as prerecorded lectures, online for students to engage with outside of class. This frees up class time for interactive activities and exercises. Blended learning combines online and face-to-face instruction to provide a comprehensive learning experience, with online materials complementing in-person classwork. While blended learning integrates online and in-person modes, flipped learning separates them - with online content introduced before classwork to be explored and applied. Both aim to enhance learning through technology and active engagement.
This document summarizes a presentation on the flipped classroom model of instruction. It describes the flipped classroom approach, discusses research on its effectiveness, and provides design strategies for implementation. The presentation objectives are to help participants understand the flipped model, justify its use, and develop strategies for flipping their own classes. Some key benefits shown in research include improved learning, test scores, and student engagement. Design advice includes reimagining the syllabus, requiring pre-class activities, using discussion boards, developing in-class activities, and addressing potential challenges to implementation.
CHECO Retreat - Changing landscape of teachingJeff Loats
Dr. Jeff Loats presented on blended learning initiatives and evidence-based teaching techniques involving technology. He discussed the blended learning initiative at MSU Denver which focuses on introductory courses and provides sustained support for instructors. Three key techniques were covered: Just-in-Time Teaching using pre-class assignments, classroom response systems like clickers, and flipped teaching with videos assigned as homework. The presentation emphasized combining techniques and adopting practices supported by research evidence to improve student learning over traditional lecture-based methods.
How can you use opportunities afforded by technology to improve the learning experience?
The whitepaper describes the blended classroom concept which is the thoughtful integration of the at-school, at-home and online learning arenas. The combination is a powerful theory that helps all teachers using itslearning (and teachers using web 2.0 tools) to frame their work in the context of 21st-century teaching.
The whitepaper looks at some of the possibilities offered by technology and shows how two teachers are applying them in a pedagogical setting, in something refered to as the blended classroom.
The ideal blended classroom is about using available technology to put learning first by combining blended learning, visible learning and formative assessment; three of today’s most popular teaching strategies.
This document outlines a flipped classroom lesson plan for a Year 4 mathematics class on fractions. The plan involves students watching online instructional videos at home to learn about equivalent fractions. In class, the teacher leads hands-on activities like using fraction walls and group worksheets to reinforce the concept. The goal is for 90% of students to understand equivalent fractions by expressing them in simplest form. The plan draws on educational theories like Bloom's Taxonomy and the ADDIE model of instructional design.
This document summarizes a workshop on flipped learning. It discusses introducing flipped learning techniques, creating instructional videos, and planning in-class learning activities. The workshop covered why flipped learning is effective by engaging students in active learning. Presenters shared their experiences implementing flipped techniques and getting positive student feedback. Participants practiced creating short videos to explain concepts and discussed barriers to flipping their own classrooms. The document provides an overview of technologies for video creation, hosting, and polling students in class.
The document discusses ways to increase learning outcomes through School Based Management (SBM) in Laos. It begins by emphasizing the importance of inclusive, equitable, and quality education for all. The document then outlines Laos' policy response to SBM, including decentralizing management through laws and education development frameworks. It explains that SBM can improve educational outcomes by empowering local decision-makers, prioritizing the learner, and establishing clear standards for continuous improvement. The role of the school head is also discussed, including organizing stakeholders, preparing an annual school improvement plan, and efficiently implementing the plan to meet educational goals.
Se presenta un taller en cuatro sesiones para profesorado universitario sobre iniciación a la pedagogía inversa. Se trataran métodos para el fomento del estudio previo, flipped calssroom y flipped learning
Blended and flipped learning presentation prep for BEA Conference September 2016Bernd Meyer
Blended and Flipped Learning involves combining digital content and online tools with traditional classroom activities. It allows teachers to differentiate instruction to address different learning styles and provide immediate feedback.
The document discusses a teacher's implementation of blended learning in their business and commerce classes. They aim to use online instructional videos or "clips" to free up class time for collaborative tasks, questioning, and feedback. Students can access clips independently and are held accountable through tools to check understanding like Quizlet, Google Forms, and polls. The teacher creates their own instructional clips and finds blended learning supports critical thinking and extending understanding through various online collaboration tools.
Taller sobre como implementar aprendizaje inverso en enseñanzas universitarias Como motivar a los alumnos hacerles llegar la información a aprender y reaccionar a sus necesidades
Cómo el aprendizaje inverso, el diseño adaptativo y la gamificación favorecen...Alfredo Prieto Martín
Se describre cómo el aprendizaje inverso, el diseño adaptativo y la gamificación favorecen el aprendizaje activo y la enseñanza funcional y se muestran las mejoras en resultados de aprendizaje
The document discusses the flipped classroom model of instruction. It begins by outlining challenges in traditional classrooms like disengaged learners and large class sizes. It then defines the flipped classroom as exposing learners to new material like videos prior to class, and using class time for hands-on activities. Benefits include maximizing class time for active learning and individualized attention. The document provides examples and resources for implementing flipped classrooms, and discusses assessment and deciding which lessons to flip. Overall, the flipped classroom aims to shift lower-level learning outside of class in order to use class time for higher-order thinking.
E-Learning Development Team Lunchtime Webinar (2 November 2015, University of York). This presentation explores concepts of flipped classroom / flipped learning design. Drawing upon literature for definitions and case studies of different learning design models. This 'design' presentation will be followed up with technical advice later in the year. The intended audience is higher education lecturers.
Herramientas ubiquitous learning flipped and discovery learning lastedna goff
This document discusses three learning methodologies: ubiquitous learning, flipped learning, and discovery learning. It provides videos to explain ubiquitous learning and flipped learning, and has the learner do an outdoor activity related to flipped learning. Discovery learning is also discussed with a video. The conclusion states that these three learner-centered approaches engage students and help transform schools into places where students take more responsibility in their learning and teachers act as facilitators.
Increasing student engagement has been one of the main focus to improve the quality of a learning experience. In this talk we cover two aspects that can contribute to this increase: flipped learning, and feedback.
This information was presented by Marcio Oliveira at the 2014 North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity as part of the symposium "Motor Development in Higher Education: The Digital Revolution in Teaching & Learning". The symposium was organized by Casey M. Breslin, Pam Haibach, and Marcio Oliveira.
Flipped classroom - A quick guide to concepts and practice Richard Grieman
Flipped classroom, inverted classroom, blended classroom, flipped class, inverted class, flipped class basics, how to flip a class, how to flip a classroom, flipped class guide, flipped classroom guide, flipped classroom basics, experience with flipped classroom, experience with flipped classes, what is a flipped class, what is a flipped classroom, partially flipped classes, tools needed to flip a class, examples of flipped classroom, examples of flipped classes, flipped classroom design, designing a flipped class, designing a flipped classroom, curriculum,
This document presents information about flipped classrooms including:
- A flipped classroom moves activities like lectures outside of class time and uses class time for hands-on work and discussions.
- Benefits include personalized learning, one-on-one teacher time, and students learning at their own pace. Challenges include reliance on student preparation and increased screen time.
- Steps for implementing a flipped classroom include getting buy-in, creating online resources, managing the classroom, providing technology training, and assigning content for homework.
- An example lesson plan is provided that focuses on gas exchange in the lungs and uses a storytelling activity in groups.
Multidisciplinary Flipped Learning with ICTAyla Savaşçı
The document discusses a flipped learning project involving multiple countries to develop English language skills. The main goal is to flip an English classroom by creating digital learning materials like videos based on the Turkish English curriculum. This allows students to gain first exposure to new material outside of class, freeing up class time for activities like discussion and problem solving. Technology helps support flipped classrooms by providing learning materials in different formats and allowing feedback. The project aims to increase teaching and learning quality using this innovative student-centered flipped learning model.
Flipping Out: Concepts of Inverted Classrooms for Teaching and TrainingPaul Brown
1. The document discusses flipping the classroom, which involves moving lectures outside of class time through videos and using class time for active learning activities like discussions and problem-solving.
2. Examples are provided of how to flip both a graduate education course and a student conduct training. For the course, lectures were moved to pre-class videos and class time involved activities like quizzes and group projects. For training, components like reviewing policies and incident reports were made into pre-work videos.
3. The document reviews research supporting flipped learning and lists potential barriers for faculty like extra time needed and concerns about assessing student work done outside of class. It also profiles common technologies used in flipped settings like blogs, wikis and podcast
Flipped classroom and blended learning, prosLuz Bencosme
Flipped classroom and blended learning are related but distinct pedagogical models. A flipped classroom reverses traditional lecture and homework elements by delivering instructional content, such as prerecorded lectures, online for students to engage with outside of class. This frees up class time for interactive activities and exercises. Blended learning combines online and face-to-face instruction to provide a comprehensive learning experience, with online materials complementing in-person classwork. While blended learning integrates online and in-person modes, flipped learning separates them - with online content introduced before classwork to be explored and applied. Both aim to enhance learning through technology and active engagement.
This document summarizes a presentation on the flipped classroom model of instruction. It describes the flipped classroom approach, discusses research on its effectiveness, and provides design strategies for implementation. The presentation objectives are to help participants understand the flipped model, justify its use, and develop strategies for flipping their own classes. Some key benefits shown in research include improved learning, test scores, and student engagement. Design advice includes reimagining the syllabus, requiring pre-class activities, using discussion boards, developing in-class activities, and addressing potential challenges to implementation.
CHECO Retreat - Changing landscape of teachingJeff Loats
Dr. Jeff Loats presented on blended learning initiatives and evidence-based teaching techniques involving technology. He discussed the blended learning initiative at MSU Denver which focuses on introductory courses and provides sustained support for instructors. Three key techniques were covered: Just-in-Time Teaching using pre-class assignments, classroom response systems like clickers, and flipped teaching with videos assigned as homework. The presentation emphasized combining techniques and adopting practices supported by research evidence to improve student learning over traditional lecture-based methods.
How can you use opportunities afforded by technology to improve the learning experience?
The whitepaper describes the blended classroom concept which is the thoughtful integration of the at-school, at-home and online learning arenas. The combination is a powerful theory that helps all teachers using itslearning (and teachers using web 2.0 tools) to frame their work in the context of 21st-century teaching.
The whitepaper looks at some of the possibilities offered by technology and shows how two teachers are applying them in a pedagogical setting, in something refered to as the blended classroom.
The ideal blended classroom is about using available technology to put learning first by combining blended learning, visible learning and formative assessment; three of today’s most popular teaching strategies.
This document outlines a flipped classroom lesson plan for a Year 4 mathematics class on fractions. The plan involves students watching online instructional videos at home to learn about equivalent fractions. In class, the teacher leads hands-on activities like using fraction walls and group worksheets to reinforce the concept. The goal is for 90% of students to understand equivalent fractions by expressing them in simplest form. The plan draws on educational theories like Bloom's Taxonomy and the ADDIE model of instructional design.
This document summarizes a workshop on flipped learning. It discusses introducing flipped learning techniques, creating instructional videos, and planning in-class learning activities. The workshop covered why flipped learning is effective by engaging students in active learning. Presenters shared their experiences implementing flipped techniques and getting positive student feedback. Participants practiced creating short videos to explain concepts and discussed barriers to flipping their own classrooms. The document provides an overview of technologies for video creation, hosting, and polling students in class.
The document discusses ways to increase learning outcomes through School Based Management (SBM) in Laos. It begins by emphasizing the importance of inclusive, equitable, and quality education for all. The document then outlines Laos' policy response to SBM, including decentralizing management through laws and education development frameworks. It explains that SBM can improve educational outcomes by empowering local decision-makers, prioritizing the learner, and establishing clear standards for continuous improvement. The role of the school head is also discussed, including organizing stakeholders, preparing an annual school improvement plan, and efficiently implementing the plan to meet educational goals.
Se presenta un taller en cuatro sesiones para profesorado universitario sobre iniciación a la pedagogía inversa. Se trataran métodos para el fomento del estudio previo, flipped calssroom y flipped learning
Why flipped learning is not just for studentsmackas
This document discusses flipping the classroom model of education. It defines flipping the classroom as having students watch videos of lessons before class, then using class time for activities, projects, and discussion. The goal is to allow more opportunities for teacher-student interaction, differentiation of instruction, and parental involvement. It provides suggestions for getting started with flipping the classroom, including the software and tools needed to create instructional videos.
Se revisan ordenados por su orden de prioridad las tareas de preparación previa a un curso de formación del profesorado en flipped learning en la Universitat de Lleida
This document discusses flipped learning and its implementation in an 8th grade English class. It introduces the teacher, Ruslana Shamanska, and provides an overview of flipped learning where students watch videos for homework and complete assignments in class with the teacher. Examples are given of activities used in a flipped lesson on the topic of mass media, including a warm-up discussion, developing listening skills by filling in lyrics, a press conference role play, and writing an article for homework. Questions are raised about best practices for flipped learning regarding student access and engagement.
Este taller presenta el método de aprendizaje invertido (flipped learning) y cómo implementarlo en asignaturas universitarias para mejorar los resultados de aprendizaje. 1) Se explica cómo el flipped learning permite que los alumnos reciban la información de forma remota antes de clase y usar el tiempo presencial para resolver dudas y trabajar en equipo. 2) Los datos muestran que esta metodología reduce el fracaso y aumenta las calificaciones de los alumnos. 3) Se discuten técnicas como el marketing, la gamificación y el feedback
Making Spaces For Cases: Using lecture capture tools to promote "flipped lear...Chris Willmott
These slides are from a presentation I gave at the Cambridge Consortium for Bioethics Education (Paris, July 2016). Interested parties should note this is most definitely *not* a "how to" guide - the talk describes frustrations regarding engagement with "flipped" videos which the students were expected to watch prior to more interactive lecture slots. Some suggestions for how this might be (partially) resolved in the forthcoming academic year are noted.
This document outlines a unit of study called "How we organise ourselves" for Year Three students. The central idea is that economic activities influence how society is organized. Lines of inquiry include the connection between economic sectors and activities, and changes in how products are manufactured. Students will consider their responsibility in the quality of what is produced. Key concepts are change, connection, and responsibility. Attitudes of cooperation, integrity and creativity will be developed, along with thinking, social and communication skills. Activities and links are provided to learn about urban and rural environments. Resources are shared for spelling, grammar, math, reading and learning about industries.
conferencia Zaragoza Flipped learning y gamificación, una combinación ganador...Alfredo Prieto Martín
Este documento propone una combinación de aprendizaje invertido y gamificación para mejorar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios en el siglo XXI. Primero, identifica problemas con las clases magistrales tradicionales, como la falta de tiempo para la práctica. Luego, sugiere el aprendizaje invertido para dar más tiempo de práctica en clase. También propone usar la gamificación para motivar a los estudiantes a participar. Finalmente, recomienda recibir comentarios de los estudiantes para enfocar las clases en sus
Flipped learning is an instructional strategy that moves direct instruction outside of the classroom through videos or other content. This allows class time to focus on application, problem-solving, discussion, and formative assessment led by the teacher. The document outlines different models of flipped learning, including using ready-made content or creating your own. Potential pitfalls like student motivation and internet access are also discussed.
Novena décima sesion why flipped learning works por que funciona el aprendiza...Alfredo Prieto Martín
Novena y décima sesión del segundo experto en métodos educativos innovadores Se explica por qué el modelo de aprendizaje inverso produce más y mejor aprendizaje why flipped learning works
Factores críticos para el éxito en la implementación del flipped learningAlfredo Prieto Martín
Se repasan las tareas que el profesor debe afrontar para implementar el flipped learning con éxito. Se analizan las fases más importantes en su implementación
Se describe lo que haremos en este taller de 20 horas presenciales y más de trabajo no presencial para aprender a implementar el modelo flipped en nuestras asignaturas
Active learning methods are known to improve academic achievement. Flipped learning takes advantage of preparation activities to increase student engagement. But how do we approach the design of such experiences?
This document provides a summary of a technical report about patterns of student mobility in urban schools and its implications for local school reform. It finds:
1) Student mobility is extremely high in many urban schools, with some schools losing over a third of their students each year. This level of instability has consequences for student learning and school organization.
2) Mobility is driven both by residential moves as well as school-related factors, and some students change schools multiple times. Distinct patterns emerge between clusters of schools exchanging mobile students.
3) High mobility undermines the goals of school reform efforts seeking to allow schools to better address student needs, as mobile students and schools lose continuity of services. Mobility thus
CARN paper on action research as professional developmentDoctoralNet Limited
This presentation was made to CARN and contains information on the use of action research for professional development for teachers and principals in schools. For more information see: http://www.ar4everything.com
An Inquiry Into Flipped Learning In Fourth Grade Math InstructionSimar Neasy
This document summarizes an action research study that investigated the impact of flipped learning on 4th grade math students from a socioeconomically disadvantaged school district. The study implemented a flipped instruction model where students watched video lectures for homework and engaged in active learning activities in class. Data was collected through observations, teacher reflections, and parent and student surveys. The findings showed that flipped learning shifted the teacher's role to a facilitator and created an engaging environment where students felt more responsible for their own learning. While parents had mixed views, they reported overall positive changes in their children from the new instructional approach. The literature review discussed research showing benefits of flipped learning such as improved achievement and engagement.
This study examines how sense of belonging and college readiness impact first-generation college students' transition to higher education. Surveys of 28 students found that while most felt their qualities could benefit others, many disagreed their high school prepared them for college time management and planning. Students felt valued by others in the past more than in college. The study aims to understand challenges first-generation students face and how institutions can better support their belonging, readiness, and engagement. Further research is needed on how programs and practices can help first-generation students adapt to college academics and culture.
Promising Practices in Transitions Programming:
-Academic Considerations
-Developmental Considerations
-Systemic and Institutional Considerations
-Promising Practices within a Social Justice Framework
This paper was presented at the European Educational Research Conference in Switzerland in 2005 - it covers the longitudinal research on the use of action research as professional development.
K martin - Assignment 2 Hot Topic - Article reviewKim Martin
This case study examined one highly effective, inclusive elementary school in Florida called Creekside Elementary School. The researchers conducted interviews, observed classrooms, and analyzed testing scores. They found two key factors contributing to the school's success: (1) strong student support and high-quality instruction through practices like Universal Design for Learning and (2) supportive administrative policies and organizational structures. For example, all students' grades improved with inclusive practices and the school's diversity was representative of the community. The researchers concluded inclusive education can benefit all students when schools implement the right supports.
Article Review - Assignment 2 - EDUC8129 Contemporary Issues in Special Education - 2018 S1 DE
Kim Martin
Easy English and You Tube versions also available.
This document outlines a school plan to address declining enrollment and budget issues at Our Lady of La Salette School in Berkley, MI. It proposes implementing a new multi-age elementary program to attract students and cutting costs by reducing staff. A budget is presented based on 95 students with increased tuition that requires no parish subsidy. The plan aims to strengthen the school's reputation and ensure its continued excellence and financial sustainability.
Correlation of Teaching Competencies among Science and Non Science Majors and...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that investigated the relationship between teaching competencies of science and non-science teachers and the level of mastery among students in selected public secondary schools in Northern Samar, Philippines. The study found that most teachers were highly competent in teaching skills and classroom management, and competent in subject knowledge. It also found that most students had a low level of mastery in science concepts. There was a significant relationship found between teacher competency and student mastery levels. Additionally, there were significant differences found between the competencies of science vs. non-science teachers, and in student mastery levels between those taught by science vs. non-science teachers.
A Narrative Study On High School Transition Programs And Student Attendance I...Angie Miller
This document summarizes a narrative study on high school transition programs and student attendance in rural North Carolina. It finds that the transition to 9th grade can be difficult for students, resulting in lower GPAs, worse attendance, and more discipline issues. To address this, many districts implement 9th grade transition programs or "freshman academies" to better support students. The study examines strategies implemented by administrators in 7 rural North Carolina high schools to improve student attendance through their 9th grade transition programs. It aims to identify practices that help keep students engaged and on track to graduate.
Final Using Peer Tutoring Strategies to Increase Mathematic AchievementBeth Csiszer
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Biniak - An Examination of Flipped Learning in Modern World History - Action Research Final Draft
1. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
1
An Examination of “Flipped Learning” in
Modern World History
MacGyver Biniak
Towson University
EDUC 734: The Teacher as Researcher
Dr. Rena Bezilla
2. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
2
Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of “Flipped Learning” at Reservoir High School (RHS) in
Fulton, Maryland, and its effects on students’ educational outcomes. Interning with Matt
Gresick, a 15-year member of the Howard County Public Schools system (HCPSS), I studied the
effects a flipped classroom dynamic had on students’ grades, engagement, and motivation.
Online video lectures were designed for his Modern World History classes. Students were also
asked what they liked/disliked from the flipped classroom dynamic in comparison to the
traditional classroom environment. The goal behind this was to assess the effectiveness of
“Flipped Learning” in a high school setting.
This four-week study, which took place between the beginning of the 2nd marking period (11-4-
16) and my Intensive Teaching Experience (12-2-16), found that Flipped Learning helped
improve student performance on assignments related to the online lecture topic. 70% of students
saw an increase in performance on these assignments compared to their first quarter grades. The
results also suggested that students thought the videos were very helpful. 78% of students felt
more prepared for the upcoming unit. Students also enjoyed the increased amount of student
interaction in a flipped classroom when compared to a traditional learning environment. Most
students felt that they could be successful in a flipped classroom in the future.
Keywords: Flipped Learning, Flipped Classroom, Inverted Classroom, Technology Integration,
Video Lecture, Teaching/Learning Strategies
3. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION 4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE 7
METHODOLOGY 10
FINDINGS 14
DISCUSSION 43
CONCLUSION 47
APPENDIX A: TEACHER ARTIFACTS 48
APPENDIX B: STUDENT ARTIFACTS 51
REFERENCES 58
4. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Introduction
Reservoir High School (RHS) opened in 2002 and is the 11th high school built in Howard
County, Maryland. Reservoir’s campus is in a complex with Fulton Elementary School, Lime
Kiln Middle School, and Cedar Lane School. The school is positioned across from farmland on
Maryland Route 216. There are also businesses and homes in the surrounding area. Some
businesses within walking distance include Harris Teeter, CVS Pharmacy, Chick-fil-a, and
Dunkin Donuts. RHS is a very diverse school; of the 1,508 students, 33.8% are Caucasian,
31.4% are African-American, 14.7% are Hispanic, 13.9% are Asian, and 5.9% are two or more
races (Reservoir HS Profile). The most recent census (2010) show that 2,049 individuals live in
Fulton but the demographics are drastically different from the Reservoir student population.
69.4% of the Fulton population is Caucasian, 14.8% is Asian, 8.8% is African-American, 4.1%
represent two or more races, 2.5% is Hispanic, and 0.3% represent other races alone
(http://www.city-data.com/city/Fulton-Maryland.html). Of the full student population, 24.1% of
students receive free/reduced meals (FARMS), 7.2% of students receive special education
services, and less than five percent of students have limited English proficiency (Reservoir HS
Profile).
Reservoir High School promotes a safe and nurturing environment based on mutual
respect, honor, and integrity. Reservoir has 100 full-time teachers, including 68 who have a
Master’s degree and 3 or more years of school-related experience. This is slightly above the
county and state averages of 65.4% and 65.2% respectively. Students at Reservoir had an
attendance rate of 97% in 2015-16, and 94% of the class of 2015 graduated (RHS Quarterly
Data). In each quarter of the 2015-2016 school year, RHS averaged over 750 students who
earned honor roll (including 124 students who received straight A’s) (RHS Quarterly Data).
5. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Reservoir also has many students who are enrolled in advanced courses. At the end of the 2015-
16 first quarter, 79% of students were enrolled in either an Advanced Placement (AP), Gifted &
Talented (GT), or Honors class (RHS Quarterly Data). 36% of students are enrolled in an AP
class, 46% of students are enrolled in a GT class, and 68% of students are enrolled in a GT class
(RHS Quarterly Data). Reservoir offers many opportunities for student involvement including
Project Lead the Way classes, Early Childhood/Teacher Academies, Honor Societies, Student
Government Associations (SGA), and Best Buddies. Reservoir’s Fine Arts department provides
programs in art, band, choir, and drama (RHS Profile). The school has 11 girls’ sports teams and
10 boys’ sports teams.
With such a large number of students enrolled in advanced classes, it is no surprise that
such a large number of students who decide to attend college after graduating. In the most recent
graduating class (Class of 2015), 62.1% of graduates chose to attend a 4-year college while
28.5% chose to attend a 2-year college (RHS Profile). The remaining 10% of graduates decided
to either enlist the military, enter the labor force, or attend a specialized school/training (RHS
Profile). Parental involvement is also very promising at Reservoir. The total number of members
in the PTSA is 843. This number is over half of the student population, showing that parents are
very interested and involved at RHS.
I currently intern with Matt Gresick, a member of the RHS social studies department and
a 15-year veteran of the HCPSS. Mr. Gresick has three 50 minute classes that meet every day.
This includes two Leadership classes and one Modern World History (Honors) class. Due to the
A/B schedule, Mr. Gresick also has Modern World History classes (1 Honors, 1 Regular) that
meet every other day. Mr. Gresick also has two planning periods every day. The Leadership
classes are composed of juniors and seniors, while all students in the Modern World History
6. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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classes are juniors. Each class has between 20 and 30 students, with an even split of both males
and females.
Mr. Gresick’s classroom is in the rear of the school, outside in portable three. Seating
arrangements are organized in groups of five, allowing students to work collaboratively and
interact with one another. Several posters are on the walls, displaying Howard County’s latest
social studies policies. Mr. Gresick also has student work displayed throughout the classroom.
There are not many classroom rules but from day 1 there has been an emphasis on respecting one
another. This allows individuals to think freely and express themselves naturally in the
classroom. Recently, Howard County adopted a policy of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD),
enabling students to utilize cell phones, tablets, and laptops appropriately in the classroom. With
technology constantly adapting and becoming more efficient, I am interested in seeing how
technology will be integrated into the classroom of the future.
7. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Review of Literature
The literature describing studies of a flipped classroom dynamic focuses on several areas
in which online video lectures lead to positive effects for students. First, much of the literature
states that a flipped classroom leads to improvements in students’ academic achievement. For
example, McLaughlin, Roth, Glatt, Gharkholonarehe, Davidson, Griffin and Mumper (2014)
found that the flipped classroom improved students’ exam performance. This is similar to the
findings of Missildine, Fountain, Summers, and Gosselin (2013), who examined baccalaureate
nursing students and found that examinations scores were higher in a flipped classroom. In
addition, Davies, Dean, and Ball (2013) found that achievement of most students was
significantly improved in comparison to a traditional classroom setting. Enfield (2013) applied a
flipped classroom dynamic to multiple classes at California State University Northridge. Results
showed that most students felt the instructional videos to be effective and very helpful in
learning the content.
It must be noted that not all studies found a positive effect. Kim, Kim, and Getman
(2014) conducted research on three undergraduate flipped classroom instances (Engineering,
Sociology, and Humanities) at the University of Southern California (USC). Their conclusions
found no evidence that flipped learning improved students’ grades and further research would be
needed in areas such as technology and pedagogy integration. Jensen, Kummer, and Godoy
(2014) studied the effects of active learning in both flipped and non-flipped classrooms. Data
collected in this study shows flipped and non-flipped students on an equivalent level in lower
and deep conceptual learning. Results from this study show that the flipped classroom does not
result in higher learning gains or better attitudes compared with the non-flipped classroom when
both utilize active learning
8. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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In addition to improvements in student success, the literature describes flipped learning
leading to improvements in student motivation, engagement, and interaction. Davies, Dean, and
Ball discovered that flipped classroom students are motivated to learn at their own pace. While
unable to find evidence of improved grades, Kim, Kim, and Getman concluded that flipped
learning motivates students to complete out-of-class independent work, helps to build confidence
and preparation, and promotes a healthy exchange of ideas. Similarly, Chen, Wang, Kinshuk,
and Chen (2014) found that students were satisfied with flipped classroom activities, their
attendance improved, and interactions between students were increased and enhanced.
The literature reviewed suggests that a flipped classroom dynamic leads to academic and
social benefits for students. With these results, continued research and implementation of a
flipped classroom should be occurring nationwide. However, a majority of the studies are
conducted at colleges and universities. In addition to examining the flipped classroom dynamic
in a high school social studies classroom, it would be worth examining additional qualitative
measures. The literature examined most frequently utilized methodologies with a mixed-method
approach (quantitative and qualitative), followed by the quantitative approach. In my analysis of
flipped classroom studies, I did not find a qualitative approach that applied interviews or group
discussions.
While the literature shows positive effects of flipped learning classrooms, it currently
lacks student feedback that explores their thoughts, feelings, and emotions on the flipped
classroom dynamic. Current measures fail to determine what students like and dislike from
flipped learning in comparison to a traditional classroom. These areas will be explored in detail
in this paper by utilizing surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative measures
will be examined as well. First quarter grades (prior to implementation of flipped learning) will
9. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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be compared to grades while students participate in a flipped classroom dynamic. These grades
will measure the effectiveness of Flipped Learning on academic achievement.
This study includes students with Individualized Education Programs (IEP), students with
Section 504 Plans, and students who are enrolled in honors and gifted and talented (G/T)
courses. Reservoir High School is quite diverse, including students from different cultural and
socio-economic backgrounds. Students in this study help to reflect Reservoir’s diverse culture.
Students participating in this study range in academic success in the Modern World History
course during the first quarter. Several students received a “D” or “F” on their first interim
report, while others achieved academic success by receiving an “A” for their first quarter grade.
While academically successful students may not see a significant increase in their grades in
comparison to their lower-achieving peers, they may experience other benefits. Feedback from
students of varying levels of achievement will be valuable when analyzing the data collected.
Overall, I will be entering uncharted territory given the lack of attention to these topics in the
literature.
10. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Methodology
The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of online video lectures on high school
students, as measured both by their grades and by qualitative factors. A review of the literature
found that a flipped classroom dynamic, which integrates online video lectures, generally leads
to improvements in both students’ academic achievement and related factors such as motivation,
engagement, and interaction. These effects were observed in various studies, including those
conducted by McLaughlin, Roth, Glatt, Gharkholonarehe, Davidson, Griffin and Mumper
(2014), Missildine, Fountain, Summers, and Gosselin (2013), Davies, Dean, and Ball (2013), and
Enfield (2013); the lone exception came from Kim, Kim, and Getman (2014), who found no
evidence that filled learning improved students’ grades. As such, the primary research question
this study aimed to answer is, “Does flipped learning in Modern World History lead to improved
outcomes for students, as measured by quantitative (grades) and qualitative (motivation,
engagement, and interaction) factors?” The secondary research questions, which was not
addressed in the literature, are “Do the effects of Flipped Learning and online video lectures
differ for students of different achievement levels?” and “What advantages and disadvantages do
high school students see in a flipped classroom dynamic in comparison to a traditional
classroom?”
Subjects & Settings
The sample is composed of any student who watched at least one online video lecture
implemented during the second marking period. This is not limited to students who have
achieved poorly or are in danger of failing the class. Like most of the studies in the literature, I
wanted to better understand how effective the flipped classroom dynamic is for students of all
ability levels. During this study, I worked with students across three classes (Modern World
11. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
11
History) with a total enrollment of 68 students. All students are currently in 11th or 12th grade.
Before implementation, I described my action research study to the students and told them my
expectations. Students were given the option to participate in this study. Each online lecture is
designed to enhance student learning in preparation for the upcoming unit.
Data Collection
Data collection began at the start of the 2nd marking period (11-4-16) and concluded following
my Intensive Teaching Experience (12-2-16), for a total of four weeks of data collection. Each
online lecture was designed to supplement information taught in the upcoming unit. The simplest
and most viable method of data collection is students’ grades: I collected students’ grades at the
end of the 1st quarter. 2nd quarter grades through my ITE week (12-2-16) were also collected.
Grades from the 1st marking period would then be measured in comparison to 2nd quarter grades
to help determine the effectiveness of the online video lectures. Data to assess student
performance on assignments related to the online video lecture series will also be collected. I
plan to disaggregate students’ grades by 1st quarter achievement levels. A student who received
an “A” will be categorized into one group. Students who received a “B” or “C” will also be
categorized into their own group. As the primary research question concerns the effect of flipped
learning on students’ grades, this is a logical starting point.
I also plan to survey students to better understand the qualitative effects, such as
motivation, engagement, and interaction. While there were several ways to collect this data, I felt
that an online survey was most appropriate. At the end of each online lecture, students were
asked to complete a short, 10-question survey (SurveyMonkey.com). I believe that this method is
the best way for students to collect responses because students are completing the survey
immediately after finishing the lecture. Reducing the amount of time between the lecture and the
12. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
12
survey helps to keep the information fresh in each student’s mind, ensuring that students provide
the most appropriate response. This method allows for students to complete the survey without
feeling pressured to finish quickly. Each question asked students to select the answer that best
applies while giving students a range of options to choose from (ex. Very helpful, somewhat
helpful, not helpful). Some of my survey questions were taken from Jacob Enfield’s (2013) study
on flipped learning at California State University, Northridge. These questions ask students about
the effectiveness and appropriateness of the videos, as well as how long the process took students
to complete. Students were also asked about the difficulty of the content, if they faced any
technological issues, and what technological device was used. A comment section allowed for
students to share any points of confusion as well. This survey is an effective way to collect
inquiry data. The entire survey can be seen in Appendix A: Teacher Artifacts.
The third and final method of data collection will consist of interviews and small group
discussions conducted after my ITE lessons. During this process, students will be asked their
likes/dislikes of the lectures, its impact on learning/comprehending material, and their thoughts
on a flipped classroom dynamic compared to a traditional classroom setting. Interviewing
participants will occur through a semi-structured process. I will begin with broad questions and
let the interview proceed on its own course. Planned questions for the interview include “What
features of the online video lecture series did you enjoy?”, “What features of the online video
lecture series could be improved?”, “What features of the Flipped Learning dynamic did you
enjoy in comparison to a traditional classroom?”, and “Do you see yourself being successful in a
Flipped Classroom in the future?”
13. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Data Analysis
As was stated earlier, I will compare students’ 1st and 2nd quarter grades to determine the
effectiveness of the flipped classroom dynamic on academic performance. Data will also be
collected to identify student performance on assignments related to the video lectures.
Disaggregated data will compare students of different achievement levels (“A” Students, “B”
Students, “C” Students) based on first quarter grades. This will help to show the effects of
Flipped Learning on a group of diverse learners.
With regard to surveys, interviews, and group discussions, I will examine both
quantitative and qualitative data. Each survey will be anonymous to ensure that bias is minimal.
Quantitative measures will be analyzed to determine how students responded to each question
and if there were trends in the data. Each survey allows students to share their thoughts of the
lecture as well. Regarding interviews and group discussions, I will examine qualitative data.
When interviewing students, I will record the responses to better understand students’ thoughts
and preferences. Student responses during the interviews and group discussions will help
determine student feelings on the Flipped Learning dynamic.
14. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Findings
This section summarizes the results from my four-week study to determine the effects of
flipped learning in a high school Modern World History classroom. A total of 30 students
watched at least one online lecture during this study. I used three methods of data collection:
analysis of students’ grades, surveys to complete following the lecture, as well as interviews and
group discussions following the study. Students’ 1st quarter grades were collected to provide a
baseline for each student. Several methods of data collection were utilized to assess student
performance during the online lecture series. The first method calculated each student’s overall
grade for the second marking period (through 12-2-16). Every 2nd quarter assignment was
encompassed in this measurement, including the National History Day (NHD) project that
students will work on throughout the school year. Student performance on assignments related to
the online video lectures (Protestant Reformation, Muslim Empires, and the Agricultural &
Industrial Revolutions) was also measured.
Table 1 displays the change in students’ overall grades from the 1st quarter to the 2nd
quarter (as of 12-2-2016). Grades are reported as a percentage out of 100. Both 1st and 2nd
quarter grades include classwork, homework quizzes, and National History Day assignments for
Mr. Gresick’s Modern World History classes.
15. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Table 1: Student Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
Student Initials
(30 Total Students)
1st Quarter
Grade
2nd Quarter Grade
(as of 12-2-2016)
Change in
Performance from 1st
Quarter to 2nd
Quarter
HL 72.6% 51% -21.6
PA 80.3% 55.2% -25.1
AC 74.4% 66.1% -8.3
KC 77.4% 75.2% -2.2
AL 84.8% 76.1% -8.7
RP 73.2% 61.7% -11.5
AR 79.8% 49.1% -30.7
CW 84.9% 74.5% -10.4
NY 94% 87.8% -6.2
SB 84.8% 67.2% -17.6
JB 83.1% 87.3% +4.2
DC 75.7% 73.1% -2.6
JD 82.4% 78.8% -3.6
AE 75.5% 81.8% +6.3
GF 92.8% 99.4% +6.6
JGo 87.4% 67.4% -20
JGr 71.7% 74.8% +3.1
KG 79.2% 44.9% -34.3
BH 79.6% 82.3% +2.7
TK 76.6% 66.4% -10.2
NL 83.1% 63.5% -19.6
CM 81.2% 85.5% +4.3
JM 75.4% 61.8% -13.6
MN 85.9% 76.8% -9.1
NP 82.6% 35.4% -47.2
TP 71.7% 62.2% -9.5
YS 79.2% 79.6% +0.4
SS 90.9% 84.2% -6.7
DT 85.4% 57.1% -28.3
WW 74.3% 59.8% -14.5
Average 80.7% 69.5% -11.2
On average, students’ 2nd quarter grades (as of 12-2-2016) were 11.2 percentage points lower
than 1st quarter grades. 23 of the 30 students who participated in the online lecture series saw
their grades decline in the second quarter. 14 of these students also saw their grades drop at least
10 percentage points. Seven students saw an increase in their grades, although none increased
their grades by more than 6.6 percentage points. The average 1st quarter grade for students
participating in the study was a “B-” (80.7%). The average 2nd quarter grade (as of 12-2-16) was
a “D+” (69.5%).
16. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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The information from Table 1 is displayed visually in Figure 1 below. The orange bars represent
students’ 1st Quarter grades while the blue bars represent students’ 2nd Quarter grades. Student
grades are also shown at the bottom of the chart
Figure 1: Comparison of Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
Table 2 displays student performance during the 1st quarter in comparison to their performance
during the online lecture series. The three online lectures focused on the Protestant Reformation,
Muslim Empires, and the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions. Each unit had several
assignments to assess student learning and data was collected to identify student performance.
An average for each student was compiled based on the data collected. This average helps to
show student performance during the online lecture series.
HL PA AC KC AL RP ARCWNY SB JB DC JD AE GFJGOJGRKG BH TK NLCMJMMNNP TP YS SS DTWW
1ST Q GRADE 73 80 74 77 85 73 80 85 94 85 83 76 82 76 93 87 72 79 80 77 83 81 75 86 83 72 79 91 85 74
2ND Q GRADE 51 55 66 75 76 62 49 75 88 67 87 73 79 82 99 67 75 45 82 66 64 86 62 77 35 62 80 84 57 60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
StudentGrade
1st & 2nd Quarter Grades
17. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Table 2: Student Grades (1st Quarter & During Flipped Learning/Online Lecture Study)
Student Initials
(30 Total Students)
1st Quarter Grade
Performance
During
Lecture Series
Change in
Performance
Between 1st Q &
During Online
Lecture Series
HL 72.6% 52.7% -19.9
PA 80.3% 98.4% +18.1
AC 74.4% 50.9% -23.5
KC 77.4% 89.2% +11.8
AL 84.8% 100% +15.2
RP 73.2% 60% -13.2
AR 79.8% 60% -19.8
CW 84.9% 98.4% +13.5
NY 94% 98.4% +4.4
SB 84.8% 92% +7.2
JB 83.1% 83.3% +0.2
DC 75.7% 84.6% +9.1
JD 82.4% 84.6% +2.2
AE 75.5% 81.5% +6
GF 92.8% 100% +7.2
JGo 87.4% 100% +12.6
JGr 71.7% 66.1% -5.6
KG 79.2% 67.6% -11.6
BH 79.6% 98.4% +18.8
TK 76.6% 49.2% -27.4
NL 83.1% 95.3% +12.2
CM 81.2% 93.8% +12.6
JM 75.4% 95.3% +19.9
MN 85.9% 95.3% +9.4
NP 82.6% 50.9% -31.7
TP 71.7% 87.6% +15.9
YS 79.2% 96.9% +17.7
SS 90.9% 90.7% -0.2
DT 85.4% 87.6% +2.2
WW 74.3% 87.6% +13.3
Average 80.7% 83.3% +2.6
As stated earlier, the average 1st quarter grade for students participating in the study was a “B-”
(80.7%). Based on data collected, student performance on assignments related to the online video
lectures was an 83.3%. On average, student performance on these assignments series was 2.6
percentage points higher than their first quarter grade. 21 of the 30 students performed at a
higher level on assignments related to the online video lectures in comparison to their 1st quarter
18. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
18
grades. This includes 12 students whose performance increased by at least 10 percentage points.
Nine students saw a decrease in their performance during the lecture series, including seven
whose performance dropped by at least 10 percentage points.
The information from Table 2 is displayed visually in Figure 2 below. The orange bar chart
represents student grades during the 1st quarter while the blue line graph represents student
performance during the study. The area between the bar chart and the line graph helps to show a
student’s change in performance between the 1st quarter and the online lecture series. If the blue
line is above the bar chart, the student saw an improvement in their grades during the online
lecture series. If the bar chart is higher than the blue line, student performance regressed.
Figure 2: Comparison of Students’ Grades
(1st Quarter & Performance During Lecture Series)
HL PA AC KC AL RP ARCWNY SB JB DC JD AE GFJGOJGRKG BH TK NLCMJMMNNP TP YS SS DTWW
1ST QUARTER 73 80 74 77 85 73 80 85 94 85 83 76 82 76 93 87 72 79 80 77 83 81 75 86 83 72 79 91 85 74
UNIT GRADES 53 98 51 89 10 60 60 98 98 92 83 85 85 82 10 10 66 68 98 49 95 94 95 95 51 88 97 91 88 88
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
StudentPerformance
Student Performance During the OnlineLecture
Series in Comparison to 1st Quarter Grades
19. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
19
In addition to examining students’ grades, I surveyed all students to get their feedback
related to my online video lectures. The survey consisted of 10 questions and was given to a total
of 30 students. A copy of a blank survey is included in Appendix A: Teachers Resources; student
completed copies are included in Appendix B: Student Resources. Figures 3-12 compiles data
from student survey responses. Each figure represents one question from the survey.
Figure 3: Online Lecture Effectiveness to Assist Student Learning
Question 1 inquired about the effectiveness of the lecture videos on the learning process.
Students were asked “How effective did you find the instructional videos in helping you learn?”
and were given three answers to choose from (very helpful, somewhat helpful & not helpful).
The majority of students who completed the survey saw the online videos as very helpful. 73%
of students who participated in the survey saw the videos as “very helpful” in the learning
process while 27% said that the videos were “somewhat helpful”. It is interesting to note that not
a single student saw online video lectures as “not helpful”.
73%
27%
Question 1: How effective did you find the
instructional videos in helping you learn?
VERY HELPFUL SOMEWHAT HELPFUL
20. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Figure 4: Student Engagement/Interest During Online Lecture
Question 2 inquired about the level of engagement students felt while participating in the lecture.
Students were asked to respond to the following prompt “I found the content of the videos to
be…” Students were given three answers to choose from (very engaging/interesting, somewhat
engaging/interesting & not interesting). Most students thought that the videos were “very
engaging/interesting.” 48% of students who participated in the survey thought the content of the
videos were “very engaging/interesting” while 42% said that the videos were “somewhat
engaging/interesting.” 10% of students thought the online video lectures were “not interesting.”
48%
42%
10%
Question 2: I found the content of the videos
to be...
VERY ENGAGING/INTERESTING
SOMEWHAT ENGAGING/INTERESTING
NOT INTERESTING
21. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Figure 5: Online Lecture Content Difficulty
Question 3 inquired about the difficulty of the content for the video lectures. Students were given
the same prompt (“I found the content of the videos to be…”) but were given different answers
to select from (too difficult, appropriately challenging & too easy). A large majority of students
thought that the videos were “appropriately challenging”, with 87% of students selecting that
response. 10% of students thought the online video lectures were “too easy”, and 3% of students
thought the content was too difficult.
3%
87%
10%
Question 3: I found the content of the video
to be...
TOO DIFFICULT APPROPRIATELY CHALLENGING TOO EASY
22. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Figure 6: Time Elapsed During Online Lecture & Note-Taking
Question 4 inquired about the length of time the process took them. Students were asked “How
long did the video lecture and note-taking process take you?” and three choices were given (10
minutes or less, 11-20 minutes & 20+ minutes). The lecture and note-taking process took the
majority (61% of students) between 11 and 20 minutes to complete. 32% of students said that the
process took 10 minutes or less to complete, while it took at least 20 minutes to complete the
process for 7% of students.
32%
61%
7%
Question 4: How long did the video lecture
and note-taking process take you?
10 Minutes or less 11-20 Min 20+
23. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Figure 7: Student Evaluation of Lecture Duration
Question asked students “How appropriate did you find the length of these videos?” Three
choices were given (too long, appropriate duration & too short). The majority of students (81%)
felt that the length of the videos was an “appropriate duration”. 16% of students thought the
video was “too long”, while 3% of students thought the length of the videos was “too short”.
16%
81%
3%
Question 5: How appropriate did you find
the length of these videos?
TOO LONG APPROPRIATE DURATION TOO SHORT
24. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Figure 8: Technology Utilized to Watch the Online Lecture
Question 6 inquired about the technology utilized to complete the lecture process. Students were
asked “What device did you use for the video lecture?” and three choices were given
(smartphone, computer & tablet). Most students (84%) used a computer to watch the online
lecture. 13% of students used a smartphone to complete the lecture process, while 3% used a
tablet.
13%
84%
3%
Question 6: What device did you use for
the video lecture?
SMARTPHONE COMPUTER TABLET
25. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Figure 9: Student Evaluation of Working on Own Time
Question 7 inquired about students being able to watch the lecture on their own time, asking
students “Did you find working on your own time helpful in learning the content?” Three
choices were given (very helpful, somewhat helpful & not helpful). Most students who
completed the survey saw the online videos as very helpful. 48% of students who participated in
the survey saw working on their own time as “very helpful” while 45% said working on their
own time was “somewhat helpful”. 7% of students said that working on their own time was “not
helpful”.
48%
45%
7%
Question 7: Did you find working on your
own time helpful in learning the content?
VERY HELPFUL SOMEWHAT HELPFUL NOT HELPFUL
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Figure 10: Technical Issues & Its Impact on Student Learning
Question 8 inquired about technical issues during the lecture process. Students were asked,
“How did technical issues (streaming, downloading, accessing from various devices, etc.) of
watching the videos affect your learning?”. Students were given three answers to select from
(technical issues negatively impacted my learning, technical issues were annoying at times but
did not impact my learning & technical issues were not annoying and did not impact my
learning). The majority of students (51%) said that technical issues were not annoying and did
not impact their learning. 39% of students who participated in the survey said technical issues
were annoying at times but did not impact their learning. 10% of students said that technical
issues negatively impacted their learning.
10%
39%51%
Question 8: How did technical issues (streaming,
downloading, accessing from various devices, etc.) of
watching the videos affect your learning?
NEGATIVELY IMPACTED MY LEARNING
ANNOYING AT TIMES BUT DID NOT IMPACT MY LEARNING
NOT ANNOYING & DID NOT IMPACT LEARNING
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Figure 11: Student Confusion During Video Lecture
Question 9 inquired about points of confusion during the lecture, asking students “Were there
points during the lecture where you were confused or need further explanation?” Three choices
were given (yes, no & unsure). Students who responded yes could voice their concern in a
comment box. The majority of students (74%) did not need further explanation following the
lecture. 16% of students were unsure if they needed further explanation and 10% of students
needed further explanation following the lecture.
10%
74%
16%
Question 9: Were there points during the lecture where you
wereconfused or need further explanation?
YES NO UNSURE
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Figure 12: Student Feelings on Preparation for Upcoming Unit
Question 10 looked to see if the video lecture had any effect on student preparation, asking
students “Do you feel better prepared for the upcoming lessons on this subject?”. Students were
given three choices (yes, no & unsure). The majority of students (78%) felt more prepared for the
upcoming unit. 19% of students were unsure if they were better prepared for future lessons. Only
3% of students said they were no more prepared for the impending lessons because of the video
lecture.
78%
3%
19%
Question 10: Do you feel better prepared for
upcoming lessons on this subject?
YES NO UNSURE
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Disaggregated Data Categorized by Achievement Level (1st Quarter Grade)
[70%-79% “C” Student, 80%-89% “B” Student, 90%-100% “A” Student]
Table 3 displays the overall change in grades for “C” students from the 1st quarter to the 2nd
quarter (as of 12-2-16). These students are categorized as “C” students because they received a
1st quarter grade between a 70% and 79%. Grades are reported as a percentage out of 100. Both
1st and 2nd quarter grades include classwork, homework quizzes, and National History Day
assignments for Mr. Gresick’s Modern World History classes.
Table 3: “C” Students’ 1st & 2nd Quarter Grades
“C” Student
Initials
(15 Students)
1st
Quarter
Grade
2nd
Quarter
Grade
(as of 12-2-
2016)
Change in
Performance
from 1st
Quarter to 2nd
Quarter
HL 72.6% 51% -21.6
AC 74.4% 66.1% -8.3
KC 77.4% 75.2% -2.2
RP 73.2% 61.7% -11.5
AR 79.8% 49.1% -30.7
DC 75.7% 73.1% -2.6
AE 75.5% 81.8% +6.3
JGr 71.7% 74.8% +3.1
KG 79.2% 44.9% -34.3
BH 79.6% 82.3% +2.7
TK 76.6% 66.4% -10.2
JM 75.4% 61.8% -13.6
TP 71.7% 62.2% -9.5
YS 79.2% 79.6% +0.4
WW 74.3% 59.8% -14.5
Average 75.7% 66% -9.7
On average, “C” students’ 2nd quarter grades (as of 12-2-2016) were 9.7 percentage points lower
than 1st quarter grades. 11 of the 15 “C” students who participated in the online lecture series
30. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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saw their grades decline in the 2nd quarter. Seven of these students also saw their grades drop at
least 10 percentage points. Four “C” students saw an increase in their grades, although none
increase their grades by more than 6.3 percentage points. The average 1st quarter grade for these
students was a 75.7%. On average, 2nd quarter grades for these students was a 66%.
The information from Table 3 is displayed visually in Figure 13 below. The blue line represents
“C” students’ 1st Quarter grades while the orange line represents “C” students’ 2nd Quarter grades
(through 12-2-16).
Figure 13: Comparison of “C” Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
HL AC KC RP AR DC AE JGR KG BH TK JM TP YS WW
"C" Students'1st& 2nd Quarter Grades
1ST Q GRADE 2ND Q GRADE
31. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Table 4 displays academic performance of “C” students during the 1st quarter and compares it to
their performance during the online lecture series. The online lecture series included three units.
Each unit had several assignments to assess student learning. Data to identify student
performance was collected. An average for each student was compiled based on the data
collected. This average helps to show how lower-achieving student performed during the online
lecture series.
Table 4: “C” Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & During Flipped Learning Lecture Series)
“C” Student
Initials
(15 Total
Students)
1st
Quarter
Grade
Performance
During
Lecture
Series
Change in
Performance
Between1st
Q
& During
Online
Lecture
Series
HL 72.6% 52.7% -19.9
AC 74.4% 50.9% -23.5
KC 77.4% 89.2% +11.8
RP 73.2% 60% -13.2
AR 79.8% 60% -19.8
DC 75.7% 84.6% +9.1
AE 75.5% 81.5% +6
JGr 71.7% 66.1% -5.6
KG 79.2% 67.6% -11.6
BH 79.6% 98.4% +18.8
TK 76.6% 49.2% -27.4
JM 75.4% 95.3% +19.9
TP 71.7% 87.6% +15.9
YS 79.2% 96.9% +17.7
WW 74.3% 87.6% +13.3
Average 75.7% 75.2% -0.5
As stated earlier, the average 1st quarter grade for “C” students participating in the study was a
75.7%. Based on data collected, student performance on assignments related to the online video
lectures was a 75.2%. On average, “C” student’s performance on these assignments series were
32. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
32
0.5 percentage points lower than their first quarter grade. Interestingly, eight of the 15 students
performed at a higher level on the assignments related to the online video lectures in comparison
to their 1st quarter grades. This includes five students whose performance increased by at least 10
percentage points. Seven students saw a decrease in their performance during the lecture series,
including six whose performance dropped by at least 10 percentage points.
The information from Table 4 is displayed visually in Figure 14 below. The blue line represents
“C” students’ grades during the 1st quarter while the orange line graph represents “C” student’s
performance during the study. The area between the two lines helps to show the change in
student performance between the 1st quarter and the online lecture series.
Figure 14: Comparison of Students’ Grades
(1st Quarter & Performance During Lecture Series)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
HL AC KC RP AR DC AE JGR KG BH TK JM TP YS WW
"C" Students'1stQuarter Grades Compared to
PerformanceDuring Flipped Learning
1ST Q GRADE FLIPPED LEARNING PERFORMANCE
33. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Table 5 displays the overall change in grades for “B” students from the 1st quarter to the 2nd
quarter (as of 12-2-16). These students are categorized as “B” students because they received a
1st quarter grade between an 80% and 89%. Grades are reported as a percentage out of 100. Both
1st and 2nd quarter grades include classwork, homework quizzes, and National History Day
assignments for Mr. Gresick’s Modern World History classes.
Table 5: “B” Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
“B” Student
Initials
(12 Students)
1st
Quarter
Grade
2nd
Quarter
Grade
(as of 12-2-
2016)
Change in
Performance
from 1st
Quarter to 2nd
Quarter
PA 80.3% 55.2% -25.1
AL 84.8% 76.1% -8.7
CW 84.9% 74.5% -10.4
SB 84.8% 67.2% -17.6
JB 83.1% 87.3% +4.2
JD 82.4% 78.8% -3.6
JGo 87.4% 67.4% -20
NL 83.1% 63.5% -19.6
CM 81.2% 85.5% +4.3
MN 85.9% 76.8% -9.1
NP 82.6% 35.4% -47.2
DT 85.4% 57.1% -28.3
Average 83.8% 68.7% -15.1
On average, “B” students’ 2nd quarter grades (as of 12-2-2016) were 15.1 percentage points
lower than 1st quarter grades. 10 of the 12 “B” students who participated in the online lecture
series saw their grades decline in the second quarter. Seven of these students saw their grades
drop by at least 10 percentage points. Only two “B” students saw an increase in their grades,
increasing by 4.2 and 4.3 percentage points respectively. The average 1st quarter grade for “B”
34. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
34
students participating in the study was an 83.3%. The average 2nd quarter grade (as of 12-2-16)
for these students was a “D+” (68.7%).
The information from Table 5 is displayed visually in Figure 15 below. The blue line represents
students’ 1st Quarter grades while the orange line represents students’ 2nd Quarter grades.
Figure 15: Comparison of Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
PA AL CW SB JB JD JGO NL CM MN NP DT
"B" Students' 1st& 2nd Quarter Grades
1ST Q GRADE 2ND Q GRADE
35. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
35
Table 6 displays academic performance of “B” students during the 1st quarter and compares it to
their performance during the online lecture series. Data was collected to identify student
performance during the lecture series. An average for each student was compiled based on the
data collected. This helps to show how students at different achievement levels performed during
the online lecture series.
Table 6: “B” Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & During Flipped Learning Lecture Series)
“B” Student
Initials
(12 Total
Students)
1st
Quarter
Grade
Performance
During
Lecture
Series
Change in
Performance
Between1st
Q
& During
Online
Lecture
Series
PA 80.3% 98.4% +18.1
AL 84.8% 100% +15.2
CW 84.9% 98.4% +13.5
SB 84.8% 92% +7.2
JB 83.1% 83.3% +0.2
JD 82.4% 84.6% +2.2
JGo 87.4% 100% +12.6
NL 83.1% 95.3% +12.2
CM 81.2% 93.8% +12.6
MN 85.9% 95.3% +9.4
NP 82.6% 50.9% -31.7
DT 85.4% 87.6% +2.2
Average 83.8% 90.0% +6.2
As stated earlier, the average 1st quarter grade for “B” students participating in the study was an
83.8%. Based on data collected, student performance on assignments related to the online video
lectures was a 90.0%. On average, “B” student’s performance on these assignments series was
6.2 percentage points higher than their first quarter grade. Interestingly, 11 of the 12 “B” students
performed at a higher level on the assignments related to the online video lectures in comparison
36. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
36
to their 1st quarter grades. This includes six students whose performance increased by at least 10
percentage points. Only one “B” student saw a decrease in their performance during the lecture
series. Their performance dropped by 31.7 percentage points.
The information from Table 6 is displayed visually in Figure 16 below. The blue line represents
“B” students’ grades during the 1st quarter while the orange line graph represents “B” student’s
performance during the study. The area between the two lines helps to show the change in
student performance between the 1st quarter and the online lecture series.
Figure 16: Comparison of Students’ Grades
(1st Quarter & Performance During Lecture Series)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
PA AL CW SB JB JD JGO NL CM MN NP DT
"B" Students' 1stQuarter Grades Compared to Performance
During Flipped Learning
1ST Q GRADE FLIPPED LEARNING PERFORMANCE
37. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
37
Table 7 displays the overall change in grades for “A” students from the 1st quarter to the 2nd
quarter (as of 12-2-16). These students are categorized as “A” students because they received a
1st quarter grade between a 90% and 100%. Grades are reported as a percentage out of 100. Both
1st and 2nd quarter grades include classwork, homework quizzes, and National History Day
assignments for Mr. Gresick’s Modern World History classes.
Table 7: “A” Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
“A”
Student
Initials
(3 Total
Students)
1st
Quarter
Grade
2nd
Quarter
Grade
(as of 12-2-
16)
Change in
Performance
from 1st
Quarter to 2nd
Quarter
NY 94% 87.8% -6.2
GF 92.8% 99.4% +6.6
SS 90.9% 84.2% -6.7
Average 92.5% 90.5% -2
On average, “A” students’ 2nd quarter grades (as of 12-2-2016) were 2 percentage points lower
than 1st quarter grades. Two of the three “A” students who participated in the online lecture
series saw their grades decline. The two “A” students’ grades declined by 6.2 and 6.7 percentage
points respectively. The other “A” student saw an improvement in their 2nd quarter grade by 6.6
percentage points. The average 1st quarter grade for an “A” student participating in the study was
a 92.5%. These students averaged to a 90.5% in their 2nd quarter grade.
38. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
38
The information from Table 7 is displayed visually in Figure 17 below. The blue bars represent
“A” students’ 1st Quarter grades while the orange bars represent “A” students’ 2nd Quarter grades
(through 12-2-16).
Figure 17: Comparison of Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & 2nd Quarter)
75
80
85
90
95
100
NY GF SS
"A" Students'1st& 2nd Quarter Grades
1st Q Grade 2ND Q Grade
39. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
39
Table 8 displays academic performance of “A” students during the 1st quarter and compares it to
their performance during the online lecture series. Data to identify student performance during
the online lecture series was collected. An average for each student was compiled based on the
data collected. This helps to show how high-achieving students performed during the online
lecture series.
Table 8: “A” Students’ Grades (1st Quarter & During Flipped Learning Lecture Series)
“A”
Student
Initials
(3 Total
Students)
1st
Quarter
Grade
Performance
During
Lecture
Series
Change in
Performance
Between 1st
Q & During
Online
Lecture
Series
NY 94% 98.4% +4.4
GF 92.8% 100% +7.2
SS 90.9% 90.7% -0.2
Average 92.5% 96.4% +3.9
As stated earlier, the average 1st quarter grade for “A” students participating in the study was a
92.5%. Student performance on assignments related to the online video lectures was a 96.4%. On
average, “A” student’s performance on these assignments series were 3.9 percentage points
higher than their first quarter grade. Two of the three “A” students performed better during the
online lecture series in comparison to their 1st quarter grade. These students performed 7.2 and
4.4 percentage points respectively. One “A” student saw a decline in performance during the
online lecture series. Their grade decreased by only 0.2 percentage points.
40. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
40
The information from Table 8 is displayed visually in Figure 18 below. The blue bars represent
“A” students’ 1st Quarter grades while the orange bars represent “A” student’s performance
during the online lecture series.
Figure 18: Comparison of Student Grades
(1st Quarter & Performance During Lecture Series)
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
NY GF SS
"A" Students'1stQuarter Grades Compared to Performance
During Flipped Learning
1ST Q Grade FLIPPED LEARNING PERFROMANCE
41. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
41
The final data collection tool was interviews and group discussions. The semi-structured
interview process allowed for students to answer my specific questions while still having the
freedom to express their own opinions. The four planned questions that were asked during the
interview include “What features of the online video lecture series did you enjoy?”, “What
features of the online video lecture series could be improved?”, “What features of the Flipped
Learning dynamic did you enjoy in comparison to a traditional classroom?”, and “Do you see
yourself being successful in a Flipped Classroom in the future?”
Each interview was relatively short in nature but still allowed students explain their
answers. Group discussions took a similar approach. The following section summarizes the key
points students had during my interviews and discussions. Each key point has a number
associated with it. This represents the number of students who mentioned that in their feedback.
Table 9 displays student responses to the question “Do you see yourself being successful in a
Flipped Classroom in the future?”
FEATURES ENJOYED
Visual Learner/Visually Appealing - 10
Easy to Understand - 5
Commentary - 5
Simplicity - 3
Ability to Rewind - 2
Facts & Main Points Introduced - 2
42. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
42
FEATURES TO IMPROVE UPON
Links on PPT - 4
Enthusiasm - 3
Less Information/Spacing on Slides - 3
Music/Audio - 2
Creativity - 1
Streamlined Process for PPT – 1
ENJOY IN COMPARISON TO TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM
Increased Amount of Interaction with Classmates - 7
Complete on Own Time/Pace - 5
Increased Number of Visuals - 4
Engagement - 2
Ease of Presented Materials - 1
SUCCESSFUL IN A FLIPPED CLASSROOM IN THE FUTURE
Table 9: Do You See Yourself Being Successful in a Flipped Classroom in the Future
YES NO
14 4
43. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
43
Discussion
Although much of the literature, such as McLaughlin et al. (2014) and Enfield (2013),
found that a flipped classroom leads to improvements in student achievement, I did not observe
this universal improvement in all students. However, I also did not find that flipped learning had
a minimal effect on students’ grades like Kim, Kim, and Getman (2014). Rather, students who
participated in my flipped learning study experienced a range of results. Some students improved
in their grades while others experienced significant declines in achievement. Most students’
second quarter grades declined in comparison to their first quarter grades. It is interesting to note
that the majority of students saw an improvement in their grades on assignments related to the
online lecture series.
The overall decline of 11 percentage points in students’ average grades during the second
quarter suggests that Flipped Learning does not necessarily lead to improvement in student
achievement. However, it is essential to understand these results within their proper context.
Since the study only lasted four weeks, a limited number of assignments entered the grade book.
Grades in Mr. Gresick’s classroom include classwork, quizzes, and National History Day
assignments. Students have been given National History Day assignments throughout the school
year. In the second quarter, students were asked to complete an annotated bibliography. While
some students completed this assignment satisfactorily, many students performed poorly.
Observations during my student teaching experience also show that many students struggle
immensely with the bi-weekly quizzes. The limited amount of assignments and the poor
performance of students help to show why the majority of student grades declined during the
second quarter.
44. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
44
While these grades may not reflect the benefits of Flipped Learning, other data helps to
show that student achievement is increased in a flipped classroom dynamic. Student achievement
on assignments related to the lecture series was also considered. Data analysis helps to show that
the majority of students performed at a higher level in comparison to their first quarter grade.
Assignments that are not related to the lecture series are not included in this measurement. This
is a more accurate assessment of student achievement during Flipped Learning because the
assignments test the materials introduced during the online video lectures.
As stated earlier, 21 of the 30 students performed at a higher level during the lecture
series (in comparison to their first quarter grade). Of the nine students who did not improve
during the online lecture series, six students failed to turn in an assignment and received a zero.
These zeros had a drastic impact on students’ grades. In addition, two students received a 50% or
less on one assignment. This also had a large impact on their average grade on assignments
related to the online lecture series. The final student who did not improve their grade during the
lecture series saw their grade decrease by only 0.2 percentage points. Even with six students
failing to complete an assignment, performance improved by an average of 2.6 percentage
points. This data helps to show that students saw an improvement when Flipped Learning was
implemented.
Students in this study were categorized based on their first quarter grade. “C” students
were represented the highest in this study (15 of 30 students). On average, these students saw a
decrease in performance during the lecture series. While the average grade decreased by 0.5
percentage points, the majority of “C” students saw an increase in their grades. It must also be
noted that seven of the eight students who received a 50% or less on one of their assignments
was a “C” student. These grades hurt the average grade of “C” students dramatically. If all
45. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
45
students turned in all assignments, the data would better show Flipped Learnings impact on “C”
students. “C” students who completed all assignments raised their grade an average of 10
percentage points. This helps to show that students of lower achievement levels benefit from the
Flipped Learning dynamic.
“B” students were most successful during the online lecture series. 11 of the 12 students
saw an increase in their performance, and the average grade increased by 6.2 percentage points.
The student who did not increase their grade failed to turn in an assignment; this hurt their grade
dramatically. Eight of the 12 “B” students performed at an “A” level during the online lecture
series. Based on this data, “B” students benefitted the most from Flipped Learning. Only three
“A” students were represented in this study. These students also saw an increase in performance
during the lecture series (3.9 percentage points). These statistics help to show that higher-
achieving students also benefit academically from the Flipped Learning dynamic.
While the quantitative data shows that student performance increases when video lectures
are implemented, it should be noted that these lectures do not fully prepare students for each
lesson. Students are continuing to learn new material in every lesson. Classroom activities in this
study were also very different from what students experienced during the first quarter. Students
often worked in a collaborative learning experience. This could influence students grades during
the study. While this data helps show that students of different achievement levels can benefit in
a flipped classroom, qualitative measures must be examined to fully determine its benefits.
A number of interesting deductions were gained from the surveys. First and foremost, the
surveys confirmed the findings of Kim, Kim, and Getman (2014) that found students more
confident and better prepared for the upcoming unit when exposed to Flipped Learning. 73% of
students thought the videos were very helpful and 78% felt more prepared for the upcoming unit.
46. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
46
The survey also confirms the findings of Davies, Dean, and Ball (2013) that flipped classroom
students are motivated to learn at their own pace. 48% of students saw working on their own
time as “very helpful” while 45% said working on their own time was “somewhat helpful.”
Additional findings help to show that most students completed the lecture and note-taking
process in 11-20 minutes. Most students felt that the videos were an appropriate duration and
were appropriately challenging. Students also felt that the videos were very engaging.
Interviews and group discussions helped me to better understand students’ feelings of the
flipped classroom dynamic. One of the main findings from the interview was that many students
are visual learners. Students enjoyed the simplicity of the lectures and thought they were easy to
understand. The lecture helped students to learn the subject, and the ability to rewind and replay
the material was also beneficial. The finding that stood out the most was that nearly 80% of
students thought they could be successful in a flipped classroom in the future.
Students also talked about features of the flipped classroom that can be improved upon.
Students thought the lectures lacked creativity and enthusiasm. Students suggested adding music
or additional audio during the lecture. Students shared that the PowerPoints can also be improved
upon. Students said some of the digital content added to the presentations did not work. Students
also expressed that they would like to see less information on each slide. Sharing this
information will help me to adjust future online video lectures in my flipped classroom.
Students enjoyed the increased amount of interaction with classmates in a flipped
classroom in comparison to a traditional classroom. Students also liked that they could complete
the video lecture at their own pace and on their own time. Students liked the increased number of
visuals presented and believed that they were more engaged in the classroom. These findings
help to show what students like in a flipped classroom dynamic.
47. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
47
Conclusion
Overall, I thought my action research project went relatively well. Prior to this, I had very
little experience with Flipped Learning. I also did not have any experience integrating audio into
PowerPoint presentations. Although I had limited experience with this technology, I was able to
integrate my video lectures effectively. While I am not the teacher, the rapport I have with my
students allowed me to effectively communicate face-to-face with all participants.
Communication with my students could have been better. Being a student-teacher, I did not have
access to the Canvas learning management system. This restricted me from posting the online
lectures on my own. To complete the process, I had to email my mentor teacher with my
presentation and he had to post it online. Having access to Canvas would have allowed me to
post my presentations earlier. This would have allowed me to communicate with my students
electronically.
While this study helps to assess student learning and feelings for a flipped classroom,
there are also limitations. The study only lasted four weeks, so the sample size is limited. Future
studies should implement a longer study to better understand the effects of Flipped Learning.
This study also failed to assess student learning through a test. Assessing student knowledge
through a test would help to determine if students retain knowledge better in a flipped classroom.
Future studies in elementary and secondary school should be conducted to better understand the
effects of a flipped classroom outside of a university setting.
48. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Appendix A: Teacher Artifacts
This section includes a blank copy of the survey that was given to all
students participating in the study. These surveys help to determine the
effectiveness of a Flipped Classroom dynamic in a high school Modern
World History class.
See Appendix B for a sampling of student responses to the survey
Also, included in this section are screenshot copies of each PowerPoint
presentation.
Martin Luther & the Protestant Reformation
Muslim Empires
Agricultural & Industrial Revolutions
o See Appendix B for copies of student notes based on the
video lecture
49. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Online Video Lecture Survey
CIRCLE THE ANSWER THAT BEST APPLIES BASED ON YOUR ONLINE LECTURE EXPERIENCE
1. Howeffective did you find the instructional videos in helping you learn?
Very Helpful Somewhat Helpful Not Helpful
2. I found the content ofthe videos to be
Very Engaging/Interesting SomewhatEngaging/Interesting Not Interesting
3. I found the content ofthe videos to be
Too Difficult Appropriately Challenging Too Easy
4. Howlong did the video lecture and note-taking process take you?
10 Minutes or less 11-20 20+
5. Howappropriate did you find the length ofthese videos?
Too Long for the given content Appropriate Duration for the given content
Too Short for the given content
6. What device did you use for the lecture?
Smartphone Computer Tablet
7. Did you find working outside the classroom with the videos helpful in learning the content?
Very Helpful in learning the content Somewhat Helpful in learning the content
Not Helpful in learning the content
8. Howdid technical issues (streaming, downloading, accessing from various devices,etc..) of
watching the videos affect your learning?
Technical issues of watching the videos negatively impacted my learning
Technical issues of watching the videos were annoying at times but did not impact my learning
Technical issues of watching the videos were not annoying and did not impact my learning
9. Were there points during the lecture where you were confused or needed further
explanation?
YES NO UNSURE
10. Do you feel better prepared for upcoming lessons on the subject?
YES NO UNSURE
50. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Online Lecture Series – PowerPoint 1 – Martin Luther & The Protestant Reformation
Online Lecture Series – PowerPoint 2 – Muslim Empires
Online Lecture Series – PowerPoint 3 – Agricultural & Industrial Revolutions
51. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
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Appendix B: Student Artifacts
This section includes student responses to the online video lecture
survey. Also, included in this section are student notes from the online
video lectures and copies of student work during the Industrial
Revolution unit.
58. AN EXAMINATION OF “FLIPPED LEARNING” IN MODERN WORLD HISTORY
58
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