Binders are applications that hide viruses and malicious files within legitimate files, deceiving users. When the bound file is opened, the virus automatically executes and infects the host computer. File joiners combine unlimited file types into a single executable container. Opening the container then automatically launches the embedded files, potentially including viruses. Crypters encrypt file signatures to avoid detection by antivirus software. There are two types: UD crypters evade some antivirus detection, while FUD crypters fully avoid detection altogether. Popular crypters include Solitude, Saddam, and Cryptonite.

1. Binders:Binders are the software applications that helps a
hacker or virus creator to spread a virus or malicious file by
binding it with genuine file and giving it to the user for
use.when users start the application ,the virus which is
hidden in that file will automatically executed and infect
victim’s pc.
File joiner:File joiner is a tool that combines (binds)
unlimited files (no matter what their type is) into a single
standalone executable called a container .the final bound
file or container is a simple compiled program that when
opened will automatically launch the included files.

3. this binder is available in every windows platform,from
window xp to window 7 to window 8 too.go to run and type
iexpress

10. Crypter is a software application used to
encrypt the signature of a virus/file so that it
can not be detected by any ativirus through its
signature.it is like fingerprint in that it can be
used to detect and identify specific
viruses.every antivirus detects through
signatures,hence when signature is
encrypted,it becomes harder to detect virus
even antivirus is up to date .there are 2 ype of
crypters:
UD and FUD.

11. UD means undetected ,so that few antivirus programs detect it.
FUD means fully undetected so that no antivirus can detect it.
Wheather a virus is fud or ud can be easily determined by using
the website www.novirusthanks.org
Famous crypters:Solitude crypters saddam crypters cryptonite
and others