The document discusses big data analytics and advanced computer networking scenarios, including research challenges and opportunities. It covers technical background on measurements and analysis in computer networks. It also discusses new networking architectures like Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Information-Centric Networking (ICN), and network visualization. Tools and techniques for high-performance network traffic analysis using visual analytics are also covered. The document provides an agenda for applied research opportunities in computer networking between CIn/UFPE and Dalhousie University.
SDN Dependability: Assessment, Techniques, and Tools - SDN Research Group - I...Stenio Fernandes
This talk will discuss what is dependability, how it has effects upon network design and management in SDN scenarios, why it is important to measure and assess its attributes (e.g., availability, reliability), and what are the tools and techniques for scalable performance evaluation. In addition, challenges for introducing dependability assessment in SDN HW/SW components will be discussed. We will also give some directions on possible solutions, including plans for some I-Ds.
Some topics of the presentation are:
- How to assess risks associated to SDN deployment?
- How to measure and improve dependability attributes in SDN
- Dependability in virtualized environments: A glimpse on research papers
- I-D proposals related to dependability for SDN
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09666155510, 09849539085 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.com-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
A framework for adoption of machine learning in industry for software defect ...RAKESH RANA
A framework for adoption of machine learning in industry for software defect prediction
Presented at:
9th International Joint Conference on Software Technologies (ICSOFT-EA), Vienna, Austria
Get full text of publication at:
http://rakeshrana.website/index.php/work/publications/
Some insights from a Systematic Mapping Study and a Systematic Review Study: ...Phu H. Nguyen
Doing literature reviews is a must for us (researchers) to avoid reinventing the wheel, and to expand the boundary of knowledge. Why not having fun with the snowballing technique and conducting the reviews systematically? This talk shares some insights from a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) and a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). When to conduct a SMS? When to conduct a SLR? What are the differences?
Multi-factor Information Security Risk in Information Systemtulipbiru64
Paper presented by Ahmad Yaser Mohd Zabawi, Prof. Dr. Rabiah Ahmad, Sheikh Faisal Abdul Latip and Dr. Zurina Sa'aya, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) at the 4th PERPUN International Conference 2015: Information Revolution, 11-12th August 2015 at Avillion Legacy Hotel, Melaka.
SDN Dependability: Assessment, Techniques, and Tools - SDN Research Group - I...Stenio Fernandes
This talk will discuss what is dependability, how it has effects upon network design and management in SDN scenarios, why it is important to measure and assess its attributes (e.g., availability, reliability), and what are the tools and techniques for scalable performance evaluation. In addition, challenges for introducing dependability assessment in SDN HW/SW components will be discussed. We will also give some directions on possible solutions, including plans for some I-Ds.
Some topics of the presentation are:
- How to assess risks associated to SDN deployment?
- How to measure and improve dependability attributes in SDN
- Dependability in virtualized environments: A glimpse on research papers
- I-D proposals related to dependability for SDN
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09666155510, 09849539085 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.com-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
A framework for adoption of machine learning in industry for software defect ...RAKESH RANA
A framework for adoption of machine learning in industry for software defect prediction
Presented at:
9th International Joint Conference on Software Technologies (ICSOFT-EA), Vienna, Austria
Get full text of publication at:
http://rakeshrana.website/index.php/work/publications/
Some insights from a Systematic Mapping Study and a Systematic Review Study: ...Phu H. Nguyen
Doing literature reviews is a must for us (researchers) to avoid reinventing the wheel, and to expand the boundary of knowledge. Why not having fun with the snowballing technique and conducting the reviews systematically? This talk shares some insights from a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) and a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). When to conduct a SMS? When to conduct a SLR? What are the differences?
Multi-factor Information Security Risk in Information Systemtulipbiru64
Paper presented by Ahmad Yaser Mohd Zabawi, Prof. Dr. Rabiah Ahmad, Sheikh Faisal Abdul Latip and Dr. Zurina Sa'aya, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) at the 4th PERPUN International Conference 2015: Information Revolution, 11-12th August 2015 at Avillion Legacy Hotel, Melaka.
Advancing Foundation and Practice of Software AnalyticsTao Xie
Vision Statement Presentation on "Advancing Foundation & Practice of Software Analytics" at the 2nd International NSF sponsored Workshop on Realizing Artificial Intelligence Synergies in Software Engineering (RAISE 2013) http://promisedata.org/raise/2013/
Machine learning is as valuable as the problems it solves. With this introductory talk in cooperation with AI Innovation Center and Ipsumio, we aim to provide the power of this tool to professionals dealing with important problems in healthcare, physics, manufacturing, and many others. This is a non-technical talk for domain experts to get a high-level understanding of this technology.
Matlab Programming Assignment help , Matlab Programming Online tutorsjohn mayer
Get the 24/7 tutors for Matlab Programming Assignment help & Matlab Programming homework help. Matlab Programming tutors are available 24/7 in order to provide the complete academic assistance for the Matlab Programming assignments.
http://www.globalwebtutors.com/matlab-programming-assignment-help
Automated data collection tools and mature database technology lead to tremendous amounts of data stored in databases, data warehouses and other information repositories.
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
Data Mining: On What Kind of Data?
Data Classification
What is Sentiment Classification?
Importance of Sentiment classification
Twitter for Sentiment Classification
Problem Statement
Goal of this Classifications
Method to be used
Conclusion
Towards Automatic Composition of Multicomponent Predictive SystemsManuel Martín
Automatic composition and parametrisation of multicomponent predictive systems (MCPSs) consisting of chains of data transformation steps is a challenging task. In this paper we propose and describe an extension to the Auto-WEKA software which now allows to compose and optimise such flexible MCPSs by using a sequence of WEKA methods. In the experimental analysis we focus on examining the impact of significantly extending the search space by incorporating additional hyperparameters of the models, on the quality of the found solutions. In a range of extensive experiments three different optimisation strategies are used to automatically compose MCPSs on 21 publicly available datasets. A comparison with previous work indicates that extending the search space improves the classification accuracy in the majority of the cases. The diversity of the found MCPSs are also an indication that fully and automatically exploiting different combinations of data cleaning and preprocessing techniques is possible and highly beneficial for different predictive models. This can have a big impact on high quality predictive models development, maintenance and scalability aspects needed in modern application and deployment scenarios.
GPS for Chemical Space - Digital Assistants to Support Molecule Design - Chem...ChemAxon
Boehringer Ingelheim's Nils Weskamp discusses eDesign: a computational platform for molecule design and optimization. This presentation explaing how to combine data, algorithms and user experience to impact compound design, and gives a glimpse into the agile and interdisciplinary teamwork as facilitated by Design Hub as a success factor for the development of digital tools.
Dataset from National Institute of justice about the crimes of San Francisco. Apply Network Analysis after calculation of distances between different crime points as nodes of a city and then put the approach.
Table of Content - International Journal of Managing Information Technology (...IJMIT JOURNAL
The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication, and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas.
Geo Analysis Visualization and Performance with JReport 13Mia Yuan Cao
Join us to get a first look at JReport 13 with advanced Geo Analysis, visualization and performance features. Learn about new geographical tools for taking data visualization, analysis and presentation to new levels in your dashboards and reports. See the massive performance gains for visualizing very large data sets. Experience first hand how to seamlessly integrate these new features into your application for a complete, advanced BI solution.
Research Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of the Internet of Everythin...Stenio Fernandes
Currently there is increasing interest in scientific research on network traffic management for advanced scenarios (e.g. Internet of Everything (IoE), Everything as a Service (XaaS), Smart Cities, and the like) and their respective demands for novel network services. Such networked applications bring massive amounts of traffic data to be processed in real-time, thus driving researchers to develop affordable yet efficient network management systems. In fact, new paradigms, services, and architectures, such as Network Virtualization (NV), Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Distributed Cloud Computing, Network Functions Virtualization (NFV), Service Function Chaining (SFC), etc, will require robust and dynamic capabilities to support a myriad of possibilities for applications from the IoE and XaaS concepts. For example, there is a need for an in-depth understanding of the composition and the dynamics of Internet traffic to perform accurate capacity planning, deploy efficient management policies and pricing strategies, assess protocol performance, and detect abnormalities in such scenarios. Research on measurement, modeling, and analysis of network traffic and infrastructure always face new challenges as new applications are continuously deployed.
In this talk, I will discuss the rise of IoE and XaaS as well as the demand for advanced networking services, paradigms, and architectures (e.g., SDN, NFV). I will give an overview of some challenges, opportunities, and directions in these research topics.
Advancing Foundation and Practice of Software AnalyticsTao Xie
Vision Statement Presentation on "Advancing Foundation & Practice of Software Analytics" at the 2nd International NSF sponsored Workshop on Realizing Artificial Intelligence Synergies in Software Engineering (RAISE 2013) http://promisedata.org/raise/2013/
Machine learning is as valuable as the problems it solves. With this introductory talk in cooperation with AI Innovation Center and Ipsumio, we aim to provide the power of this tool to professionals dealing with important problems in healthcare, physics, manufacturing, and many others. This is a non-technical talk for domain experts to get a high-level understanding of this technology.
Matlab Programming Assignment help , Matlab Programming Online tutorsjohn mayer
Get the 24/7 tutors for Matlab Programming Assignment help & Matlab Programming homework help. Matlab Programming tutors are available 24/7 in order to provide the complete academic assistance for the Matlab Programming assignments.
http://www.globalwebtutors.com/matlab-programming-assignment-help
Automated data collection tools and mature database technology lead to tremendous amounts of data stored in databases, data warehouses and other information repositories.
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
Data Mining: On What Kind of Data?
Data Classification
What is Sentiment Classification?
Importance of Sentiment classification
Twitter for Sentiment Classification
Problem Statement
Goal of this Classifications
Method to be used
Conclusion
Towards Automatic Composition of Multicomponent Predictive SystemsManuel Martín
Automatic composition and parametrisation of multicomponent predictive systems (MCPSs) consisting of chains of data transformation steps is a challenging task. In this paper we propose and describe an extension to the Auto-WEKA software which now allows to compose and optimise such flexible MCPSs by using a sequence of WEKA methods. In the experimental analysis we focus on examining the impact of significantly extending the search space by incorporating additional hyperparameters of the models, on the quality of the found solutions. In a range of extensive experiments three different optimisation strategies are used to automatically compose MCPSs on 21 publicly available datasets. A comparison with previous work indicates that extending the search space improves the classification accuracy in the majority of the cases. The diversity of the found MCPSs are also an indication that fully and automatically exploiting different combinations of data cleaning and preprocessing techniques is possible and highly beneficial for different predictive models. This can have a big impact on high quality predictive models development, maintenance and scalability aspects needed in modern application and deployment scenarios.
GPS for Chemical Space - Digital Assistants to Support Molecule Design - Chem...ChemAxon
Boehringer Ingelheim's Nils Weskamp discusses eDesign: a computational platform for molecule design and optimization. This presentation explaing how to combine data, algorithms and user experience to impact compound design, and gives a glimpse into the agile and interdisciplinary teamwork as facilitated by Design Hub as a success factor for the development of digital tools.
Dataset from National Institute of justice about the crimes of San Francisco. Apply Network Analysis after calculation of distances between different crime points as nodes of a city and then put the approach.
Table of Content - International Journal of Managing Information Technology (...IJMIT JOURNAL
The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication, and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas.
Geo Analysis Visualization and Performance with JReport 13Mia Yuan Cao
Join us to get a first look at JReport 13 with advanced Geo Analysis, visualization and performance features. Learn about new geographical tools for taking data visualization, analysis and presentation to new levels in your dashboards and reports. See the massive performance gains for visualizing very large data sets. Experience first hand how to seamlessly integrate these new features into your application for a complete, advanced BI solution.
Research Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of the Internet of Everythin...Stenio Fernandes
Currently there is increasing interest in scientific research on network traffic management for advanced scenarios (e.g. Internet of Everything (IoE), Everything as a Service (XaaS), Smart Cities, and the like) and their respective demands for novel network services. Such networked applications bring massive amounts of traffic data to be processed in real-time, thus driving researchers to develop affordable yet efficient network management systems. In fact, new paradigms, services, and architectures, such as Network Virtualization (NV), Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Distributed Cloud Computing, Network Functions Virtualization (NFV), Service Function Chaining (SFC), etc, will require robust and dynamic capabilities to support a myriad of possibilities for applications from the IoE and XaaS concepts. For example, there is a need for an in-depth understanding of the composition and the dynamics of Internet traffic to perform accurate capacity planning, deploy efficient management policies and pricing strategies, assess protocol performance, and detect abnormalities in such scenarios. Research on measurement, modeling, and analysis of network traffic and infrastructure always face new challenges as new applications are continuously deployed.
In this talk, I will discuss the rise of IoE and XaaS as well as the demand for advanced networking services, paradigms, and architectures (e.g., SDN, NFV). I will give an overview of some challenges, opportunities, and directions in these research topics.
The Right Foundation for SMB Networks: Smart Switches vs. Fully Managed Switchesdigitallibrary
Smart switches provide a path for growing businesses because they are easy-to-manage and cost effective. Managed switches are powerful networking tools that provide extensive features and capabilities. A business with 50 employees has significantly different switching needs than a larger business with 200 employees and from a 500-employee company. Learn about these sub-segments of the small and medium-sized business markets and which category of switches best meets their needs.
Overview of Business Analytics and career lessons learnt / advice. Presentation delivered to Melbourne Business School - Masters of Business Analytics - July 2016.
Hpe service virtualization 3.8 what's new chicago admJeffrey Nunn
Service Virtualization is an HPE branded solution that helps simulate and emulate the behavior of specific components in heterogeneous component-based applications such as API-driven apps, ERP apps, cloud-based apps, and web services/service-oriented architectures (SOA).
Value Proposition
Empowers developers and testers to easily automate, predict, accelerate and scale their application testing and delivery through virtualization and simulation of dependent components and services that are either off limits, unavailable, inaccessible, or with costly fees to access.
The IBM Flex System platform provides a unique set of features that enable the integration of leading-edge technologies and transformation approaches into the data centers. These IBM Flex System features ensure that the availability, performance, scalability, security, and manageability goals of the data center networking design are met as efficiently as possible. For more information on Pure Systems, visit http://ibm.co/18vDnp6.
Visit http://on.fb.me/LT4gdu to 'Like' the official Facebook page of IBM India Smarter Computing.
How enterprise IT needs to deliver networking with High Availability, Scalability & Interoperability across complex multi site environments; seamlessly with existing heterogeneous infrastructure & vendors.
Oh, and interconnect OpenStack private clouds with external public clouds too.
The Infrastructure backbone is the core to any successful business. Customers planning their move to SAP S/4 HANA rely on Capgemini and HPE to modernize that core. Complexities can arise that delay companies from moving to SAP S/4 HANA. However, many customers are realizing near-term business value by modernizing now. Together we deliver a HANA ready environment today and a clear path to SAP S/4 HANA tomorrow.
Join us to learn how HPE and Capgemini jointly deliver modernization assessments that will help you define your organization's transformation.
Presented at HPE Discover Las Vegas 2016.
An overview of networking basics, building to more advanced networking techniques. Learn more about networking by subscribing to the Networking Motivator's weekly email at http://www.BethBridges.com
Summit 16: Keynote: HPE Presentation- Transforming Communication Service Prov...OPNFV
If Communications Service Providers are to achieve the Nirvana of networks composed of interoperable, “best-of-breed” components, and if they want the journey to get there to be a relatively short one, then engaging vendors who can use open source effectively is crucial. HPE is using open source and leveraging its partner ecosystem of 80+ companies, to build its NFV and SDN platforms and solutions. This talk will describe what HPE is doing with open source, open ecosystems and CSPs to accelerate the successful transformation of service provider networks.
Prodip Sen, HPE, CTO of the Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)
Software-defined networking and network virtualization deliver a completely new operational model that breaks through current physical legacy network barriers, allowing you to evolve to an on-demand IT infrastructure. Join us to see how HPE offers the industry’s broadest portfolio of network virtualization solutions supporting HPE Helion OpenStack; VMware NSX® and NFV use cases, to help transition to an open, standards-based, software-defined infrastructure.
HPE Distributed Cloud Networking (DCN) enables service providers and large organizations to manage a distributed, multi data center environment in a simple, open and agile way using software-defined networking and network virtualization. At this session, we'll explore HPE Distributed Cloud Networking (DCN), Layer 2 to Layer 4. You will learn how this network virtualization platform optimizes the network by removing inefficiencies.
Visualizing Your Network Health - Driving Visibility in Increasingly Complex...DellNMS
Dell Performance Monitoring Network Management solutions can provide your IT department with the affordable, in-depth visibility and actionable monitoring needed to manage network infrastructure complexity.
Join our webcast to learn how:
• Dynamic discovery of equipment provides the ability to map current location, configuration and interdependencies.
• Real-time visibility across network infrastructures can help ensure availability and performance.
• Actionable information about network health, faults, bandwidth hogs and performance issues reduces the mean-time-to-resolution.
• Proactive analysis can pinpoint the root cause of intermittent, hard to find problems.
Visualizing and optimizing your network is easier than you think
SDN and NFV Value in Business Services - A Presentation By Cox CommunicationsCisco Service Provider
Joint presentation on behalf of the Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers (SCTE) between Cox Communications (Mazen Khaddem) and Cisco Systems (Dr. Loukas Paraschis). Presentation covers different SDN categories, NFV examples in business services, and use cases for WAN SDN.
Visualizing Your Network Health - Know your NetworkDellNMS
An old adage states that you cannot manage what you don’t know. Do you know what devices are on your network, where they are located, how they are configured, what they are connected to, and how they are affected by changes and failures?
Today’s network infrastructure is becoming more and more complex, while demands on the Network Administrator to ensure network availability and performance are higher than ever. Business critical systems depend upon you managing your entire network infrastructure and delivering high-quality service 24/7, 365 days a year. So how do you keep the pace?
Learn how real-time visibility into your entire network infrastructure provides the power to manage your assets with greater control.
Visualizing Application & Delivery Flows to Make Data-Driven DecisionsCA Technologies
Even the most intelligent network needs management to visualize application traffic flows at the network level and know how well application service levels are being met. The CA Application Performance Management solution leverages key performance indicators from Cisco’s Intelligent WAN solutions, which add value to your network through application visibility and control, application acceleration (WAN optimization) and intelligent path selection. By enabling you to gain visibility into application performance from a network perspective, you can make proactive, data-driven decisions regarding network capacity, QoS policies, infrastructure investments and planned application rollouts.
For more information on DevOps solutions from CA Technologies, please visit: http://bit.ly/1wbjjqX
This presentation of mine gives basic idea about SDN, use of SDN in different fields, cause of evolution of a new network architecture, openFlow standard and Architectural components.
High Scalability Network Monitoring for Communications Service ProvidersCA Technologies
CA Performance Management is a big data collection, warehousing and analytics solution that helps communications service providers maximize return on their network infrastructure investments and lower the cost of network operations.
Learn more about CA Performance Management here: http://bit.ly/1vrQPJB
The realization of network softwarization, an overarching buzzword to encompass all software-centric developments from the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) trends, is being enabled through a set of innovations in high-speed data plane design and implementation. Recent efforts include te-architecting the hardware-software interfaces and exposing programmatic interfaces (e.g., OpenFlow), programmable hardware-based pipelines (e.g. Protocol Independent Switch Architecture – PISA) along suitabe programming languages (e.g., P4), and multiple advances on low overhead virtualization and fast packet processing libraries (e.g. DPDK, FD.io) for Linux based general purpose processor platforms. This talk provides an overview of relevant ongoing work and discusses the trade-offs of each design and implementation choice of software-defined dataplanes regarding Programmability, Performance, and Portability.
Splunk App for Stream for Enhanced Operational Intelligence from Wire DataSplunk
Join us to learn what is new in Splunk App for Stream and how it can help you utilize wire/network data analytics to proactively resolve applications and IT operational issues and to efficiently analyze security threats in real-time, across your cloud and on-premises infrastructures.
SDN most commonly means that networks are controlled by software applications and SDN controllers rather than the traditional network management consoles and commands that required a lot of administrative overhead and could be tedious to manage on a large scale
“What is SDN? The physical separation of the network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices.”
A generic Network Cost provision framework is described, accompanied with a preliminary proofof-concept implementation. Deployment considerations and open research issues are also discussed.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Enhancing Performance with Globus and the Science DMZGlobus
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Enhancing Performance with Globus and the Science DMZ
Big Data Analytics and Advanced Computer Networking Scenarios
1. August 2013
Institute for Big Data Analytics –
Dalhousie University
Big Data Analytics and Advanced Computer
Networking Scenarios: Research Challenges and
Opportunities
Stenio Fernandes
CIn/UFPE, Recife, Brazil
2. Agenda
A bit of technical background
– Measurements and Analysis in Computer Networks
Advanced Networking Architectures
– Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
– Information-Centric Networking (CCN)
– Network Visualization (NV)
Tools and Techniques for High-Performance Network Traffic
Analysis
– Visual Analytics, GPU, Map Reduce
Applied Research on Computer Networking
– Opportunities and Directions
Research agenda
– CIn/UFPE and DalhousieU
4. Essential (Core) motivation
Profiling Internet traffic
• is an essential task for precise network management
• At both access and backbone networks
It provides useful information for
• Proper (re) configuration of networks
• Deployment of accurate policies
(security, routing, throttling, capping, etc)
• Optimization of network resources
• Support for network design and planning
• Counterattack abnormal behavior
5. Why Operators need Internet profiling?
Network-wide Reporting
Performance/reliability
troubleshooting
Security
Traffic engineering
Capacity planning
• Generating basic information
about usage and reliability
• Detecting and diagnosing
anomalous events
• Detecting, diagnosing, and
blocking security problems
• Adjusting network configuration
to the prevailing traffic
• Deciding where and when to
install new equipment
5
6. Reporting
Examples
• Total volume of traffic
sent to/from each
private peer
• Mixture of traffic by
application
(e.g., Web, Streamin
g, P2P, SPAM)
• Mixture of traffic
to/from individual
customers
• Usage, loss, and
reliability trends for
each link
Requirements
• Network-wide view of
basic traffic statistics
• Ability to have
different views: by
application, by
customer, by peer, by
link type
• Real-time and offline
monitoring of high-
speed links
6
7. Core Network Troubleshooting
Detecting and
diagnosing problems
• Recognizing and explaining
anomalous events
Why a backbone link is suddenly overloaded?
Why DNS queries are failing with high probability?
Why a router processor has high CPU utilization?
Why a customer cannot reach certain networks?
7
8. Core Security
Detecting and
diagnosing
problems
Recognizing
suspicious traffic or
disruptions
Examples
Denial-of-service
attack on a customer
or service
Spread of a worm or
virus through the
network
Router hijack
Requirements
Detailed measurements
from multiple places
Include payload
inspection, in some
cases
Online analysis of the data
Installing filters to block
the offending traffic
8
9. Core Traffic Engineering
• Active queue management and link scheduling
• Green Networking
Resource
allocation
policies
• Divert traffic from congested links
• Balance load on peering links
• Link-scheduling weights to reduce delay for premium
traffic
Examples
• Network-wide view of the traffic carried in the backbone
• Timely view of the network topology
• Analytical models to assess and predict performance of
control operations
Requirements
9
10. Core Capacity Planning
Deploying new
equipment
• What? Where?
When?
Examples
• Where to put the next
backbone router
• When to upgrade a
link to higher capacity
• Whether to
add/remove a
particular peer
• Whether the network
can accommodate a
new customer
• Whether to install a
caching proxy
Requirements
• Projections of future
traffic patterns from
measurements
• Cost estimates for
buying/deploying the
new equipment
• Model of the potential
impact of the change
(e.g., latency
reduction and
bandwidth savings)
10
12. Technical Background: Measurements
Packet
• More detailed: from link to application layer (with timestamps)
• Huge storage and processing requirements
• Header or payload (full or partial)
Flow
• Flow summaries
• connection info, number of packets, duration, volume
• IPFIX/CISCO’s NetFlow v5/v9 records
Aggregate
• SNMP counts
15. Technical Background: Analysis of Packet Traces
IP header
• Traffic volume by IP addresses or ASes
• Burstiness of the stream of packets
• Packet properties (e.g., sizes, out-of-order)
Transport
header
• Traffic breakdown by protocol
• TCP congestion and flow
control
• Number of bytes and packets
per session
Application
header
• URLs, HTTP headers, file type
• DNS queries and responses,
• mobile devices
15
16. Core Modelling
• maximize insight into the data set
• extract important variables
• detect outliers and anomalies
• develop parsimonious models
Exploratory
Data
Analysis
• Does the data follow a particular PDF?
• Maximum Likelihood Estimation
• Hypothesis testing
Statistics
Inference
18. Research Challenges: Measurements
Network-wide view
Crucial for evaluating
control actions
Multiple kinds of data
from multiple
locations
Large scale
Large number of
high-speed links
and routers
Large volume of
measurement data
The “do no harm”
principle (passive
measurements)
Don’t degrade
router performance
Don’t require disabling
key router features
Don’t overload the
network with
measurement data
22
19. Research Challenges: Packet Measurements
Building efficient DPI
engines
• 1 packet every 5ns!!!
• Based on DFA/NFA
from regular
expressions that
express application
signatures
• For hardware-based
or commodity
platforms
Update of app
signatures database
• Encrypted traffic is not
possible
• Analysis of packet
payload forbidden in a
number of countries
20. High-Performance Traffic Monitoring Systems
Large
number of
application
signatures
Complexity
of the
signature
patterns
Unpredictability
of signature
location in the
network
flow, as well as
within the
packet payload
Performance
bottlenecks at
OS and
hardware
levels
Visual
Analytics
21. Research Challenges: Flow level
Analysis
Tries to identify application or classes of applications without
looking at the payload
• May extract high-level models for unsupervised classification and learning
Less data volume to analyse
• Still tough to do it in real-time in high-speed links
• from 40Gbps and beyond
Address privacy issues for lawful interception
26. SDN – Motivation
Current networks cannot support this growth!
-Not service-oriented
-Static configuration
-Status not available to apps/users
-Cannot provide dynamic negotiation to users
28. The Need for a New Network Architecture (The
ONF view)
key computing trends:
– Changing traffic patterns
contrast to client-server applications
today’s apps access different services
access to content and applications from any type of
device, anywhere, at any time
– The rise of cloud services
agility to access applications, infrastructure, and other IT
resources on demand and à la carte
– Big data means more bandwidth
Mega datasets is fueling a constant demand for
additional network capacity in the data center
29. Limitations of Current Networking Technologies
(The ONF View)
Meeting current market requirements using
device-level management tools and manual
processes
Complexity that leads to stasis
– The static nature of networks is in stark contrast to the
dynamic nature of today’s environment
Inconsistent policies
– To implement a network-wide policy, thousands of
devices and mechanisms must be configured
Inability to scale
– traffic patterns are dynamic and unpredictable
– users with different apps and performance needs
30. SDN (the ONF view)
Emerging network architecture where network
control is decoupled from forwarding and is directly
programmable
– Migration of control into accessible computing devices
enables the underlying infrastructure to be abstracted for
applications and network services
can treat the network as a logical or virtual entity
Network intelligence is (logically) centralized
– SDN controllers maintains a global view of the network
Network appears to the applications and policy
engines as a single, logical switch
– infrastructure gains vendor-independent control over the
entire network from a single logical point
33. Motivation: what drives SDN research and
development?
Reduced network costs (CAPEX / OPEX)
Support to Innovative New Products
(applications, services)
Synergy with Cloud Computing Services and
Infrastructure
And most importantly: Real time network
programmability
This is the quest for networks with improved
performance while keeping them
simple, scalable, and “ smart”
34. Innovation Roadblocks vs. Enablers for Big Data
Analytics
Roadblocks
– from the Network Layer
Proprietary software in network
devices
Developers have to rely on the
network as is
– Support for data-intensive
science and applications
One-size-fits-all approach to
network data flows
Enablers
– from the Network Layer
Let developers communicate
with and program the network
itself
Allow developers to optimize the
network for specific applications
• Support for data-intensive science
and applications
Allow special solutions to high-
performance data flows
Include support to network
programmability
38. A Simplified View of SDN
1. A network in which the control plane is physically separate from
the forwarding (data) plane
• A single control plane controls several forwarding devices
39. Consequences of SDN adoption
1. Hardware and Software from different vendors
2. Simplified Programmability
3. Enable application-level control/programming of
network
4. Enables centralized control, which implies
simplification of network operations
5. Prospective integration with Network
Virtualization technologies (cf. next section)
40. Supporting SDN with OpenFlow
First standard communications interface for SDN
– between the control and forwarding layers
It allows direct access to and manipulation of the
forwarding plane of network devices
– both physical and virtual (hypervisor-based)
OpenFlow IS NOT SDN!
41. SDN - Challenges
North (apps) to South (devices) Traffic Pattern
– Needs precise classification systems
– Needs model building
– At high-speed
– Real-time
– Adapt to abrupt and long-term changes
– Cope with millions to billions of flows in short-term
(e.g., mice flows in 5min time window)
Core challenge: decide which service policy to be
applied to a flow (Classification and optimization
problem)
42. OF-based SDN Benefits (1/2)
Centralized control of multi-vendor environments
– use SDN-based orchestration and management tools to
quickly deploy, configure, and update devices across
the entire network
Reduced complexity through automation
– develop tools that automate many management tasks
Higher rate of innovation
– Allowing operators to program and reprogram the
network
in real time to meet specific business needs and user
requirements
43. OF-based SDN Benefits (2/2)
Increased network reliability and security
– define high-level configuration and policy statements
More granular network control
– apply policies at a very granular level
session, user, device, and application levels
Better user experience
– Centralized network control and state information
available to higher-level applications
Infrastructure can better adapt to dynamic user needs
– E.g.: Adaptive Video Streaming
45. SDN: Research Challenges (1/2)
SDN Architecture Design
– accommodating consistency, dependability, and scalability
requirements
control plane: centralized or distributed processing?
– controller placement problem
How many? Where to place them? How to distribute tasks?
– Maximizing fault tolerance and dependable infrastructure
to support high-performance intra-DC data exchange for Big
Data Analytics
Optimized Policy Framework
– automatic policy transformation
46. SDN Challenges (2/2)
Resiliency to security and DoS attacks
– Vulnerability in the Control Plane
Multi-Dimensional Aggregation of Rules
– Use multi-dimensional tags
– Ensure policy consistency
Example: Mobile Infrastructure
48. NV: concepts
What is NV?
– Decoupling of the services provided by a (virtualized)
network from the physical network
Virtual network is a “container” of network services (L2 -
L7) provisioned by software
– Faithful reproduction of services provided by physical
network
Analogy to a VM – complete reproduction of physical
machine (CPU, memory, I/O, etc.)
53. ICN: Motivation
Traditional Internet communication model is based
on end-to-end communication
There is a growing need of highly scalable and
efficient distribution of content
– CDN is a success although might be seen as a patch
Information driven communication breaks the
traditional packet-based model allowing an
content-centric communication
– ICN architectures takes advantage of
in-network storage
multiparty communication
interaction models (e.g., publish-subscribe)
54. ICN: Technical Background
New location-independent approach to
communicate
– more suitable for content distribution
ICN architectures are replacing where with what
Ruled by the consumers of data
– Interest and Data packets
i) a content consumer asks for some content by
broadcasting its interest to all nodes it can reach
ii) any node that receives the Interest packet and has the
content responds with a Data packet
55. ICN: Technical Background
The basic operation of an ICN node is similar to an
IP host
– A packet arrives on an interface
A longest-match lookup is performed on its name
Building blocks for ICN architectures
– Information Objects
– Content Naming
– Security
– Content Forwarding
– In-Network Caching
– Routing and Transport
56. ICN: Technical Background
Information Objects (IO)
– IO represents content information without taking in
consideration its storage location and physical
representation
– IO can have multiple copies of itself
Content Naming
– treat content as a network primitive
Unique, Persistence, Scalability
– Hierarchical or Flat Naming
57. ICN: Technical Background
Security
– Content Validation
– Name Persistence
– Owner Authentication and Identification
Content Forwarding
58. ICN: Technical Background
In-Network Caching
– store temporarily content in the network core elements
– small but popular content generates most Internet traffic
Heavy-tailed nature of Internet traffic
Routing and Transport
– IO identifiers are not bind to a specific location
– common topology-based routing and forwarding algorithms are not
effective for routing Ios
Current Architectures:
CCN
Publish-Subscribe Internet Routing Paradigm (PSIRP)
4WARD-Netinf
Dona
CCNx
59. ICN: challenges
Scalability
– To be effective, routers should be able to keep TBs of
information in cache
Security
– naming scheme that allows both self-certification and
human-friendly identification while avoiding the use of a
PKI is an open issue
Privacy
– makes information visible and identifiable at the network
level
Economic model
– Adoption of ICN depends not only on technical aspects
60. TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR HIGH-
PERFORMANCE NETWORK TRAFFIC
ANALYSIS
Visual Analytics
61. VA: Motivation
Effectively use the immense wealth of data and
information acquired, computed, and stored
analysts can get lost in irrelevant or
inappropriately processed or presented
information
– For computer networks, acquisition of raw data is no
longer a problem
Visualization techniques might be very effective
– but for some analyses, pure visualization do not
completely expose insights hidden in the data
62. VA: definition
Science of analytical reasoning supported by
highly interactive visual interfaces,
transcending simple and direct data
visualization, and requiring active user
participation
65. VA: Challenges
Challenges for Visualization Systems for computer
networks data
– Limited scalability
– Knowledge discovery
– Appropriateness to perform data transformation
– Data presentation
– Interaction with the visualization system
– Hardware bottlenecks
– Multi-attribute visualization
66. TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR HIGH-
PERFORMANCE NETWORK TRAFFIC
ANALYSIS
Graphical Processing Units (GPU)
68. Research Challenges and Opportunities
Cloud Computing Services are driving huge
changes in the computer networking field
– Distributed and hybrid clouds will be a reality soon
Moving massive amount of data to be moved
SDN seems to be a smart solution to address
scalability and other issues for Big Data
– NV is available as the supporting technology
CCN is a paradigm shift and might face barriers to
full deployment
Opportunities for advanced research is
everywhere in those new scenarios
– Content is becoming king in networking
69. Center For Informatics (CIn)
Federal University Of Pernambuco (UFPE)
Recife, Brazil
About
70. CIn/UFPE
• ~42K students, ~1K PhD professorsUFPE
• Top 5 CS Graduate Program in Brazil
• Evaluation: CAPES level 6 (scale 1 to 7)
• Top 10 most important CS Research Center in Latin America
Recognition
• 80+ PhD professors
• ~25% CNPq Research ChairsFaculty
• Computer Science, Computer
Engineering, Information SystemsPrograms
71. 2000+ students
International collaboration:
Europe, Asia, and North America
Research Projects
(Private and Public funded)
CNPq, CAPES, FACEPE
Samsung, Ericsson,
Motorola, Nokia, LG, HP, etc
Recipient of a number of awards:
• 2011 Most Innovative Brazilian
Research Center
• Microsoft Imagine Cup (since 2005)
• ACM Intl. Programming Marathon
Recruitment:
Google, Microsoft, Facebook
CIn/UFPE
73. Research Agenda with Dalhousie
• International Science & Technology Partnership (ISTP)
and Pernambuco State Research Funding Agency
(FACEPE)
• UFPE, Dalhousie University
• GSTS, Neurotech
• ~ CAD 2Mi over 2 years
New R&D
program
• Open to new ideas and interests
Further
Collaboration
Protocols tend to be defined in isolation, however, with each solving a specific problem and without the benefit of any fundamental abstractions. This has resulted in one of the primary limitations of today’s networks: complexity. For example, to add or move any device, IT must touch multiple switches, routers, firewalls, Web authentication portals, etc. and update ACLs, VLANs, quality of services (QoS), and other protocol-based mechanisms using device-level management tools. In addition, network topology, vendor switch model, and software version all must be taken into account. Due to this complexity, today’s networks are relatively static as IT seeks to minimize the risk of service disruption.
SDN also greatly simplifies the network devices themselves, since they no longer need to understand and process thousands of protocol standards but merely accept instructions from the SDN controllers.
The open standards (north and south)
Suppose that you have a cloud distributed services to compute and visualize in different locations. Can imagine how the network might suffer to transport a massive amount of data between datacenters? So, how can the network support such operations? It can’t, using current technologies.
As an example, datacenters can now offer multiple clouds to different tenants, instead of separating virtual networks. This is a more abstract view and facilitates infrastructure management
The FIB is a table used to forward Interest packets to potential sources of their content.The CS acts such as the buffer memory of an IP router. However CS has a different replacement policy: it remembers the Data packets arriving as long as possible (using LRU or LFU scheme) for maximizing the probability of sharing and minimizing the upstream bandwidth demandThe PIT keeps track of the IOs recently requested and not yet served
ICN frequently has to validate the binding between names and content. One technique to do that is known by self-certification. Self-certification is related to all data or just pieces of IO depending of the approach chosen. Therefore, self-certification ensures that the only way of performing unauthorized changes in the data is by changing the IO´s ID (i.e. the content name)persistent names ensures that content names would not change in spite of chances of the storage location
Some of these challenges can be tackle by the research work on big data