This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes.
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
The document summarizes an inscription found at Rummindei (also known as Pāḍariyā) in Nepal, discussing debates around its authenticity and interpretations. Key points:
- The inscription was discovered in 1896 and is attributed to the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, though some scholars argue it is a later forgery.
- Issues raised around its authenticity include inconsistencies with Ashoka's other edicts, advanced carving techniques, and allegations of fraud against the discoverer.
- Alternative interpretations argue the inscription may not refer to Lumbini as Buddha's birthplace, given the location of other places mentioned. The exact meaning of some terms is also debated.
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes.
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
The document summarizes an inscription found at Rummindei (also known as Pāḍariyā) in Nepal, discussing debates around its authenticity and interpretations. Key points:
- The inscription was discovered in 1896 and is attributed to the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, though some scholars argue it is a later forgery.
- Issues raised around its authenticity include inconsistencies with Ashoka's other edicts, advanced carving techniques, and allegations of fraud against the discoverer.
- Alternative interpretations argue the inscription may not refer to Lumbini as Buddha's birthplace, given the location of other places mentioned. The exact meaning of some terms is also debated.
This Presentation is prepared for the Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes.
Harshavardhana was born in Thaneswar, Haryana in the Pushyabhuti or Vardhana Dynasty and reigned from AD 606-647. He became king at age 16 after his brother Rajyavardhana was killed by Sasanka, the Gauda king of West Bengal who had also imprisoned Harshavardhana's sister Rajyashri. Harshavardhana then defeated Sasanka and expanded his kingdom to include the region south until the Narmada River. During his reign, he supported Buddhism and oversaw the development of sites like Nalanda University.
Religion and sacrifice of later vedic periodVirag Sontakke
This presentation is prepared for BA students to get basic idea of the subject. This presentation is very basic and needs further additions and improvements. Students are advised to get more details on the university referred books and other material.
The document discusses the economies of ancient India, including the Indus Valley civilization, Vedic civilization, and Mauryan Empire. It notes that the Indus Valley economy depended on trade facilitated by advances in transport like boats and carts. The Vedic economy was initially nomadic and based on cattle herding but transitioned to an agricultural economy with rice cultivation. The Mauryan Empire standardized currency and infrastructure, enhancing trade, agriculture and economic activity across India through a single administrative system. It established a prosperous economy with an international trade network and public works projects.
1) Ancient India had a well-defined taxation system that was an important source of revenue for the state. Taxes included land tax, trade taxes, fines, and voluntary contributions.
2) Taxation principles emphasized protecting citizens, minimizing burden, and spending revenue on public welfare. Taxes were meant to be reasonable and not oppressive.
3) Revenue was used to fund administration, roads, healthcare, and other public services, reflecting the idea that taxes were payment for protection and social benefits provided by the state.
Balaji Vishwanath assisted the Maratha Emperor Shahu to consolidate power after a period of civil war and attacks from the Mughals. He helped establish the Maratha State and came from a Konkani Brahmin family from coastal Maharashtra. Bajirao I was a legendary general and Peshwa of the Maratha Empire from 1720-1740, expanding the Empire's territory significantly. He came from the Bhat family and was the son of Balaji Vishwanath. His successors also contributed to the growth of the Maratha Empire, though internal conflicts and attacks from outsiders also challenged it.
समुद्री व्यापार.pptx Maritime Trade in IndiaVirag Sontakke
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
The document discusses the concepts of varna and jati in ancient Indian social life and institutions. It notes that jati emerged from varna and were further divisions based on occupation, endogamy, and culture. There were both positive and negative aspects to the jati system. Positively, jatis developed specialized skills and contributed to economic and social development. However, the rigid social hierarchies and restrictions of the jati system also led to discrimination and inequality in ancient Indian society. The document aims to analyze features, reasons for development, and impacts of the jati system according to various ancient Indian texts and foreign observers.
The document outlines the key events and developments of the modern period in Indian history from the 18th century onwards. It begins with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century and the rise of regional kingdoms. European trading companies like the Dutch, French, and British then began capturing Indian territories due to the resulting political instability. The British East India Company defeated the Nawab of Bengal and the French in the Battle of Plassey in 1757, marking the start of British political involvement in India. After further military victories, the British established firm control over India by the early 19th century and instituted policies that exploited resources and undermined local economies and rulers. The Revolt of 1857 challenged British rule but
This Presentation is prepared for the Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes.
Harshavardhana was born in Thaneswar, Haryana in the Pushyabhuti or Vardhana Dynasty and reigned from AD 606-647. He became king at age 16 after his brother Rajyavardhana was killed by Sasanka, the Gauda king of West Bengal who had also imprisoned Harshavardhana's sister Rajyashri. Harshavardhana then defeated Sasanka and expanded his kingdom to include the region south until the Narmada River. During his reign, he supported Buddhism and oversaw the development of sites like Nalanda University.
Religion and sacrifice of later vedic periodVirag Sontakke
This presentation is prepared for BA students to get basic idea of the subject. This presentation is very basic and needs further additions and improvements. Students are advised to get more details on the university referred books and other material.
The document discusses the economies of ancient India, including the Indus Valley civilization, Vedic civilization, and Mauryan Empire. It notes that the Indus Valley economy depended on trade facilitated by advances in transport like boats and carts. The Vedic economy was initially nomadic and based on cattle herding but transitioned to an agricultural economy with rice cultivation. The Mauryan Empire standardized currency and infrastructure, enhancing trade, agriculture and economic activity across India through a single administrative system. It established a prosperous economy with an international trade network and public works projects.
1) Ancient India had a well-defined taxation system that was an important source of revenue for the state. Taxes included land tax, trade taxes, fines, and voluntary contributions.
2) Taxation principles emphasized protecting citizens, minimizing burden, and spending revenue on public welfare. Taxes were meant to be reasonable and not oppressive.
3) Revenue was used to fund administration, roads, healthcare, and other public services, reflecting the idea that taxes were payment for protection and social benefits provided by the state.
Balaji Vishwanath assisted the Maratha Emperor Shahu to consolidate power after a period of civil war and attacks from the Mughals. He helped establish the Maratha State and came from a Konkani Brahmin family from coastal Maharashtra. Bajirao I was a legendary general and Peshwa of the Maratha Empire from 1720-1740, expanding the Empire's territory significantly. He came from the Bhat family and was the son of Balaji Vishwanath. His successors also contributed to the growth of the Maratha Empire, though internal conflicts and attacks from outsiders also challenged it.
समुद्री व्यापार.pptx Maritime Trade in IndiaVirag Sontakke
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
The document discusses the concepts of varna and jati in ancient Indian social life and institutions. It notes that jati emerged from varna and were further divisions based on occupation, endogamy, and culture. There were both positive and negative aspects to the jati system. Positively, jatis developed specialized skills and contributed to economic and social development. However, the rigid social hierarchies and restrictions of the jati system also led to discrimination and inequality in ancient Indian society. The document aims to analyze features, reasons for development, and impacts of the jati system according to various ancient Indian texts and foreign observers.
The document outlines the key events and developments of the modern period in Indian history from the 18th century onwards. It begins with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century and the rise of regional kingdoms. European trading companies like the Dutch, French, and British then began capturing Indian territories due to the resulting political instability. The British East India Company defeated the Nawab of Bengal and the French in the Battle of Plassey in 1757, marking the start of British political involvement in India. After further military victories, the British established firm control over India by the early 19th century and instituted policies that exploited resources and undermined local economies and rulers. The Revolt of 1857 challenged British rule but