The document discusses the concepts of varna and jati in ancient Indian social life and institutions. It notes that jati emerged from varna and were further divisions based on occupation, endogamy, and culture. There were both positive and negative aspects to the jati system. Positively, jatis developed specialized skills and contributed to economic and social development. However, the rigid social hierarchies and restrictions of the jati system also led to discrimination and inequality in ancient Indian society. The document aims to analyze features, reasons for development, and impacts of the jati system according to various ancient Indian texts and foreign observers.

1. SEMESTER - IV
AIHC & Arch-C-401: Ancient Indian Social Life and Institutions
Unit I : Varna-Āśrama System
3. Varna and
emergences Jāti
Sachin Kr. Tiwary

2. Jati
Nomenclature
Source
Reason-
External War
Special Class
Varn-Sankar
Art and
Specilisation
Foreigner
Views
Features
Topic to be discussed
• 1. Jati – Meaning of the
word
• 2. Features/Importance
• 3. Negative Aspects
• 4. Positive Aspects
• 5. Reason of Division
• 6. Development of Jati
based on Economy, Social
Kautilya’s Arthshastra
Megasthanese’s Indica
Diodotus’s view
Ptanali’s Views

4. Aspects
of Jati
Positive
Aspect
Negative
Aspect