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1. LEARNING COMPETENCIES
a.analyze literature as a means of discovering
the self
b.explain how words are derived from names of
persons and places
c.share prior knowledge about a text topic

2. Topic #2

3. 1. Battle-sweat
Slaughter- dew
2. Evil-doer
Life-evil
3. Horrible-hermit
devil from hell
sin-stained
demon
4. Battle- dress
mail- shirt
fighting-gear
5. dragon-slayer
war trooper’s leader
chief of the strangers
6. Ring giver
Gold giver
7. Wave – floater
Swirling surf
8. Light of battle 9. Whale road
whale’s way
swan road

4. Kennings combine two words to create an evocative and
imaginative alternative word.
A kenning is a type of circumlocution, in the form of
a compound that employs figurative language in place of
a more concrete single-word noun. Kennings are strongly
associated with Old Norse and later Icelandic and Old
English poetry.

5. Beowulf is an Old English epic poem consisting of
3,182 alliterative lines. It may be the oldest surviving long
poem in Old English and is commonly cited as one of
the most important works of Old English literature.
A date of composition is a matter of contention among
scholars; the only certain dating pertains to the
manuscript, which was produced between 975 and 1025.

6. The author was an anonymous Anglo-Saxon poet,
referred to by scholars as the "Beowulf poet".
Beowulf is not only considered as an epic heroic
poetry but an 'epic in evolution’.
The full poem survives in the manuscript known as
the Nowell Codex. It has no title in the original
manuscript, but has become known by the name of
the story's protagonist.
In 1731, the manuscript was badly damaged by a
fire.

7. 1. Beowulf - The protagonist of the
epic, Beowulf is a Geatish hero who
fights the monster Grendel,
Grendel’s mother, and a fire-
breathing dragon. Beowulf’s boasts
and encounters reveal him to be the
strongest, ablest warrior around.

8. 2. King Hrothgar - The king of
the Danes. Hrothgar enjoys
military success and prosperity
until Grendel terrorizes his realm.
A wise and aged ruler, Hrothgar
represents a different kind of
leadership from that exhibited by
the youthful warrior Beowulf. He is
a father figure to Beowulf and a
model for the kind of king that
Beowulf becomes.

9. 3. Grendel - A demon
descended from Cain,
Grendel preys on Hrothgar’s
warriors in the king’s mead-
hall, Heorot. Because his
ruthless and miserable
existence is part of the
retribution exacted by God for
Cain’s murder of Abel,
Grendel fits solidly within the
ethos of vengeance that

10. 4. Grendel’s mother -
An unnamed swamp-
hag, Grendel’s mother
seems to possess fewer
human qualities than
Grendel, although her
terrorization of Heorot is
explained by her desire
for vengeance—a human
motivation.

11. 5. The dragon - An
ancient, powerful
serpent, the dragon
guards a horde of
treasure in a hidden
mound. Beowulf’s fight
with the dragon
constitutes the third
and final part of the
epic.

12. 6. Wealhtheow -
Hrothgar’s wife,
the gracious
queen of the
Danes.

13. 7. Unferth - A Danish
warrior who is
of Beowulf, Unferth is
unable or unwilling
fight Grendel, thus
proving himself
inferior to Beowulf.

14. 8. Hygelac -
Beowulf’s uncle, king
of the Geats, and
husband of Hygd.
Hygelac heartily
welcomes Beowulf
back from Denmark.

15. 9. Wiglaf - A young kinsman
and retainer of Beowulf who
helps him in the fight
the dragon while all of the
other warriors run away.
Wiglaf adheres to the heroic
code better than Beowulf’s
other retainers, thereby
proving himself a suitable
successor to Beowulf.

16. 10. Breca - Beowulf’s
childhood friend,
he defeated in a
swimming match.
Unferth alludes to the
story of their contest,
and Beowulf then
relates it in detail.

17. It doesn't take place in England. Instead,
the action happens in the land of the
Danes (what is today the nation of
Denmark) and the land of the Geats (what
is today the nation of Sweden). So, if
someone asks you what the setting of
Beowulf is, you can tell them that it's 5th
or 6th Century Scandinavia. (Scandinavia is
the part of Europe that includes Sweden
and Denmark.)

19. KENNINGS MEANINGS
1. Shepherd of evil Grendel
2. Raven harvest Corpse
3. Sleep of the sword Death
4. Sail road Sea
5. The foamy-necked
floater
Ship
6. Sea wolfs of the death Grendel’s Mother

20. Write YES or NO to the given statement.
1. Grendel was a greedy monster.
2.He was considered as the foul enemy of God.
3.Beowulf and Grendel had enormous strength.
4.The weapons of the warriors could easily kill the monster.
5.Grendel was afraid of Hrothgar.
6.Grendel swallowed his victims.
7.The Danes were not allowed to celebrate the defeat of Grendel.
8.Grendel was able to escape from Beowulf’s hands.
9.Hrothgar gave Beowulf gifts.
10.Beowulf was considered the hero of Heorot.