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Blackburn Bowls Club Inc.
Smart Water Project
GRASS
V
SYNTHETIC ?
The elephant in the
room!
Is synthetic a solution?Is synthetic a solution?
Synthetics are not entirely waterless – some water needed
to maintain pace and substrate
They are expensive ($80-$140k) and have a limited life
Grass is a preferred bowling surface for competitive play
Hot and hard surface to play on
Clubs that have synthetics carry risk due to vandalism
Large energy costs and non-recyclable
Limited opportunity to use environmental services – ie bio-
filtration, nutrient uptake, sequestration
So-what about bowling clubSo-what about bowling club
water consumption?water consumption?
About 520 Bowls Clubs in Victoria
(Registered with Bowls Australia)
About 84 in Yarra Valley Water service area
- Or about 90-100 mgl annual consumption
Blackburn Bowls Club = 6-7 L/player/hour
(Summer seasons)
Box Hill Cricket Club 50-70L/player/hour
(City Oval)
BBC Fast Facts – Objectives ofBBC Fast Facts – Objectives of
this projectthis project
Convert to Tiftdwarf couch fromConvert to Tiftdwarf couch from
Bent (or from cool to warm-Bent (or from cool to warm-
seasons grass)seasons grass)
Source all Irrigation water from re-Source all Irrigation water from re-
claimed storm-water and on-siteclaimed storm-water and on-site
drainagedrainage
Create on-site storage 145,000ltCreate on-site storage 145,000lt
Install sub-surface green dripperInstall sub-surface green dripper
irrigationirrigation
Create “modified USGA” membraneCreate “modified USGA” membrane
contained greencontained green
Water used for garden and toiletWater used for garden and toilet
flushingflushing
Ultimately Save 1.2 Ml water/yearUltimately Save 1.2 Ml water/year
Develop a “Water Plan”Develop a “Water Plan”
The Real ObjectiveThe Real Objective
A flat, fast,A flat, fast,
robust bowling surface thatrobust bowling surface that
would retain and attractwould retain and attract
elite bowling competitorselite bowling competitors
and eventsand events
Historic Water ConsumptionHistoric Water Consumption
Historical irrigation water use Kl (Yarra Valley Water meter)
*Assumes 76% used on property is for irrigation
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Total kl
1.2 mgl/ann.
1st
synthetic
installed
Our Smart Water PartnersOur Smart Water Partners
The SituationThe Situation
Water in – Water out – The GapWater in – Water out – The Gap
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April May
Total non-greens usage
Total consumption with new
water savings and
recoveries
Total on-site rain harvest
yield
600kl Gap –
Blackburn Creek??
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
AR01
AR02
AR03
AR04
AR05
AR06
AR07
AC08
AC09
ED10
UR11
CO12
CO13
CO14
AM15
AM16
TW17
organisms/100mL
17,404
SEPP
Some encouraging water quality
indicators from Blackburn Creek
E. coli
Station Gar 06 is at
our doorstep
N.N.
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
GAR01
GAR02
GAR03
GAR04
GAR05
GAR06
GAR07
BAC08
BAC09
HED10
MUR11
SCO12
SCO13
SCO14
DAM15
DAM16
MTW17
mg/L
Organic Nitrogen
Oxidised Nitrogen
Ammonia
SEPP
E.C.E.C.
Figure 4: Conductivities in the Gardiners Creek catchment
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
GAR01
GAR02
GAR03
GAR04
GAR05
GAR06
GAR07
BAC08
BAC09
HED10
MUR11
SCO12
SCO13
SCO14
DAM15
DAM16
MTW17
uS/cm
24/01/2000
7/02/2000
21/02/2000
6/03/2000
20/03/2000
3/04/2000
17/04/2000
Median
SEPP
TurbidityTurbidity
Figure 9: Turbidity in the Gardiners Creek catchment
0
20
40
60
80
100
GAR01
GAR02
GAR03
GAR04
GAR05
GAR06
GAR07
BAC08
BAC09
HED10
MUR11
SCO12
SCO13
SCO14
DAM15
DAM16
MTW17
NTU
24/01/2000
7/02/2000
21/02/2000
6/03/2000
20/03/2000
3/04/2000
17/04/2000
Median
504
SEPP median
SEPP90th Percentile
Our Club was Granted under the SmartOur Club was Granted under the Smart
Water Program – these are our partnersWater Program – these are our partners
8%
23%
47%
1%
1%
20%
Toilet flushing
Wash down
Garden
Green no 1.
Green no 2.
Synthetic
First Steps -First Steps -
Analysis of water budgetAnalysis of water budget
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
June Aug Oct Dec Feb April
Total non-greens usage
Total consumption with new water
savings and recoveries
Total on-site rain harvest yield
First StepsFirst Steps
Complete Feasibility StudyComplete Feasibility Study
First steps - Installing Drip IrrigationFirst steps - Installing Drip Irrigation
Installing Drip IrrigationInstalling Drip Irrigation
Conclusion of Drip IrrigationConclusion of Drip Irrigation
 This system did not perform to plan due toThis system did not perform to plan due to
damage occurring with the equipmentdamage occurring with the equipment
used in installationused in installation
 Similar systems are installed andSimilar systems are installed and
performing wellperforming well
 There is still reason to consider sub-There is still reason to consider sub-
surface drip irrigation systems favourablysurface drip irrigation systems favourably
Installing recyclingInstalling recycling
sump and pumpsump and pump
Installing Storm Tech TankInstalling Storm Tech Tank
145,000 litres (under #1 Green)145,000 litres (under #1 Green)
Creek intake
float
MWC
Licensed
Diversion
(3mgl/yr)
Water pumping andWater pumping and
treatment workstreatment works
Construction of USGA contained
green with 1000 uM welded
membrane
The Main GreenThe Main Green
 The entire green is built in an impervious “bath”The entire green is built in an impervious “bath”
connected to a drainage networkconnected to a drainage network
 Valves on the drainage outlet allow us to block drainageValves on the drainage outlet allow us to block drainage
an pump water into the soil from underneathan pump water into the soil from underneath
 Once the valves are opened excess water drains back toOnce the valves are opened excess water drains back to
the storage tankthe storage tank
 There are also conventional overhead sprinklers on theThere are also conventional overhead sprinklers on the
greengreen
 Extra water can also be stored within the drainage layerExtra water can also be stored within the drainage layer
of the green without effecting the greenof the green without effecting the green
Selecting Soil MediaSelecting Soil Media
Drainage base – 4mm BoralDrainage base – 4mm Boral
Washed Aggregate (90mm depth)Washed Aggregate (90mm depth)
Top ‘growing’ media recipe forTop ‘growing’ media recipe for
270mm depth270mm depth

400 cum course Inverliegh sand400 cum course Inverliegh sand

40 cum BioGreen Peat40 cum BioGreen Peat

8 Tonne Zeolite8 Tonne Zeolite
Why construct a green like this?Why construct a green like this?
 Simplifies the drainage system required – no deepSimplifies the drainage system required – no deep
channels in sub-base to construct (so no ‘lenses’ ofchannels in sub-base to construct (so no ‘lenses’ of
drainage corresponding to strip agricultural drains)drainage corresponding to strip agricultural drains)
 Contains all moisture evenly within growing media zoneContains all moisture evenly within growing media zone
 Eliminates the influence of tree root systems fromEliminates the influence of tree root systems from
surrounding streetsurrounding street
 Facilitates sus-surface irrigation and efficient collection ofFacilitates sus-surface irrigation and efficient collection of
run-offrun-off
 Alternatives to Polythene liners are Geotechnical ClayAlternatives to Polythene liners are Geotechnical Clay
Liners (GCL’s)Liners (GCL’s)
Critical Soil Specification – Particle Geometry
Infiltration rate of 79mm/hr.
Angular ‘self locking’ soil particles a critical characteristic of
the selected soil. In comparison to rounded particles
(common to tertiary sands – i.e. Cranbourne sands) these
impart a more favourable balance between air porosity,
drainage and essential compactability
Construction of Main GreenConstruction of Main Green
Selecting Soil MediaSelecting Soil Media
 Drainage base – 4mm Boral WashedDrainage base – 4mm Boral Washed
Aggregate (90mm depth)Aggregate (90mm depth)
 Top ‘growing’ media recipeTop ‘growing’ media recipe

400 cum course Inverliegh sand400 cum course Inverliegh sand

40 cum BioGreen Peat40 cum BioGreen Peat

8 Tonne Zeolite8 Tonne Zeolite
Unamended Sand + 10% (v/v) Our final test
Sand Biogreen 10mm peat recommendation
Infiltration Rate mm/hr 240 180 > 150
Bulk Density g/cc 1.67 1.48 < 1.6
Total Pore Space % 37.15 44.29 > 40
Capillary Pore Space % 20.7 23.5 15 - 25
Non-capillary Pore Space % 16.48 20.79 > 20
Moisture Retention (grav) % 12.41 15.92 10 – 16
Soil medium test specification
Membrane weldingMembrane welding
for No 1 Greenfor No 1 Green
Membrane for No 1 GreenMembrane for No 1 Green
Installing Drainage AggregateInstalling Drainage Aggregate
and Megaflow Drainageand Megaflow Drainage
Importing Greens MediumImporting Greens Medium
400 m400 m3
Final Cultivation - Laser levelingFinal Cultivation - Laser leveling
Final Laser LevelingFinal Laser Leveling
Preparing Tift Couch SprigsPreparing Tift Couch Sprigs
Hydro-seeding SprigsHydro-seeding Sprigs
Hydro-seeding SprigsHydro-seeding Sprigs
Good Growth of Sprigs atGood Growth of Sprigs at
Jan 15Jan 15thth
(day 22 post sprig)(day 22 post sprig)
Cover at about 35%Cover at about 35%
First mow - Jan 20thFirst mow - Jan 20th
Post Smart Water ConsumptionPost Smart Water Consumption
New actual water use Kl (Yarra Valley Water meter)
*Assumes 76% used on property is for irrigation
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Total kl
THIS OBSERVATION SHAFTTHIS OBSERVATION SHAFT
ALLOWS US TO CHECK THEALLOWS US TO CHECK THE
WATER LEVEL IN THE GREENWATER LEVEL IN THE GREEN
DURING WATERINGDURING WATERING
$7,500
$5,420
$38,980
$5,420
$6,761
$41,525
$18,000
$2,485
$6,156
$24,000
$4,536
$3,940
$16,000
$15,400
$5,000
$3,000
$6,000
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
Design consultancy
Bulk excavation
Tank hardware
(Diversion costs (directional bore
Sump
Tank and plumbing installations
Membrane
Megflow
Drainage Aggregate
Soil medium
Peat
Zeolite
Greens Construction
(Pump room (Treatment
Electrical
Other contract services
Irrigation Plumbing
The WorkersThe Workers
50% contractors50% contractors
50% club volunteers50% club volunteers
100% Quality100% Quality
HOW IT LOOKS AFTER ALL
THE WORK
The future ?The future ?
Looking forward toLooking forward to
Great Greens andGreat Greens and
facilities without mainsfacilities without mains
waterwater

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Blackburn Bowls Club Lessons for water storage

  • 1. Blackburn Bowls Club Inc. Smart Water Project
  • 3. Is synthetic a solution?Is synthetic a solution? Synthetics are not entirely waterless – some water needed to maintain pace and substrate They are expensive ($80-$140k) and have a limited life Grass is a preferred bowling surface for competitive play Hot and hard surface to play on Clubs that have synthetics carry risk due to vandalism Large energy costs and non-recyclable Limited opportunity to use environmental services – ie bio- filtration, nutrient uptake, sequestration
  • 4. So-what about bowling clubSo-what about bowling club water consumption?water consumption? About 520 Bowls Clubs in Victoria (Registered with Bowls Australia) About 84 in Yarra Valley Water service area - Or about 90-100 mgl annual consumption Blackburn Bowls Club = 6-7 L/player/hour (Summer seasons) Box Hill Cricket Club 50-70L/player/hour (City Oval)
  • 5. BBC Fast Facts – Objectives ofBBC Fast Facts – Objectives of this projectthis project Convert to Tiftdwarf couch fromConvert to Tiftdwarf couch from Bent (or from cool to warm-Bent (or from cool to warm- seasons grass)seasons grass) Source all Irrigation water from re-Source all Irrigation water from re- claimed storm-water and on-siteclaimed storm-water and on-site drainagedrainage Create on-site storage 145,000ltCreate on-site storage 145,000lt
  • 6. Install sub-surface green dripperInstall sub-surface green dripper irrigationirrigation Create “modified USGA” membraneCreate “modified USGA” membrane contained greencontained green Water used for garden and toiletWater used for garden and toilet flushingflushing Ultimately Save 1.2 Ml water/yearUltimately Save 1.2 Ml water/year Develop a “Water Plan”Develop a “Water Plan”
  • 7. The Real ObjectiveThe Real Objective A flat, fast,A flat, fast, robust bowling surface thatrobust bowling surface that would retain and attractwould retain and attract elite bowling competitorselite bowling competitors and eventsand events
  • 8. Historic Water ConsumptionHistoric Water Consumption Historical irrigation water use Kl (Yarra Valley Water meter) *Assumes 76% used on property is for irrigation 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Total kl 1.2 mgl/ann. 1st synthetic installed
  • 9. Our Smart Water PartnersOur Smart Water Partners
  • 10. The SituationThe Situation Water in – Water out – The GapWater in – Water out – The Gap 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April May Total non-greens usage Total consumption with new water savings and recoveries Total on-site rain harvest yield 600kl Gap – Blackburn Creek??
  • 13. E.C.E.C. Figure 4: Conductivities in the Gardiners Creek catchment 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 GAR01 GAR02 GAR03 GAR04 GAR05 GAR06 GAR07 BAC08 BAC09 HED10 MUR11 SCO12 SCO13 SCO14 DAM15 DAM16 MTW17 uS/cm 24/01/2000 7/02/2000 21/02/2000 6/03/2000 20/03/2000 3/04/2000 17/04/2000 Median SEPP
  • 14. TurbidityTurbidity Figure 9: Turbidity in the Gardiners Creek catchment 0 20 40 60 80 100 GAR01 GAR02 GAR03 GAR04 GAR05 GAR06 GAR07 BAC08 BAC09 HED10 MUR11 SCO12 SCO13 SCO14 DAM15 DAM16 MTW17 NTU 24/01/2000 7/02/2000 21/02/2000 6/03/2000 20/03/2000 3/04/2000 17/04/2000 Median 504 SEPP median SEPP90th Percentile
  • 15. Our Club was Granted under the SmartOur Club was Granted under the Smart Water Program – these are our partnersWater Program – these are our partners
  • 16. 8% 23% 47% 1% 1% 20% Toilet flushing Wash down Garden Green no 1. Green no 2. Synthetic First Steps -First Steps - Analysis of water budgetAnalysis of water budget 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 June Aug Oct Dec Feb April Total non-greens usage Total consumption with new water savings and recoveries Total on-site rain harvest yield
  • 17. First StepsFirst Steps Complete Feasibility StudyComplete Feasibility Study
  • 18. First steps - Installing Drip IrrigationFirst steps - Installing Drip Irrigation
  • 20. Conclusion of Drip IrrigationConclusion of Drip Irrigation  This system did not perform to plan due toThis system did not perform to plan due to damage occurring with the equipmentdamage occurring with the equipment used in installationused in installation  Similar systems are installed andSimilar systems are installed and performing wellperforming well  There is still reason to consider sub-There is still reason to consider sub- surface drip irrigation systems favourablysurface drip irrigation systems favourably
  • 22. Installing Storm Tech TankInstalling Storm Tech Tank 145,000 litres (under #1 Green)145,000 litres (under #1 Green)
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 26. Water pumping andWater pumping and treatment workstreatment works
  • 27. Construction of USGA contained green with 1000 uM welded membrane
  • 28. The Main GreenThe Main Green  The entire green is built in an impervious “bath”The entire green is built in an impervious “bath” connected to a drainage networkconnected to a drainage network  Valves on the drainage outlet allow us to block drainageValves on the drainage outlet allow us to block drainage an pump water into the soil from underneathan pump water into the soil from underneath  Once the valves are opened excess water drains back toOnce the valves are opened excess water drains back to the storage tankthe storage tank  There are also conventional overhead sprinklers on theThere are also conventional overhead sprinklers on the greengreen  Extra water can also be stored within the drainage layerExtra water can also be stored within the drainage layer of the green without effecting the greenof the green without effecting the green
  • 29. Selecting Soil MediaSelecting Soil Media Drainage base – 4mm BoralDrainage base – 4mm Boral Washed Aggregate (90mm depth)Washed Aggregate (90mm depth) Top ‘growing’ media recipe forTop ‘growing’ media recipe for 270mm depth270mm depth  400 cum course Inverliegh sand400 cum course Inverliegh sand  40 cum BioGreen Peat40 cum BioGreen Peat  8 Tonne Zeolite8 Tonne Zeolite
  • 30. Why construct a green like this?Why construct a green like this?  Simplifies the drainage system required – no deepSimplifies the drainage system required – no deep channels in sub-base to construct (so no ‘lenses’ ofchannels in sub-base to construct (so no ‘lenses’ of drainage corresponding to strip agricultural drains)drainage corresponding to strip agricultural drains)  Contains all moisture evenly within growing media zoneContains all moisture evenly within growing media zone  Eliminates the influence of tree root systems fromEliminates the influence of tree root systems from surrounding streetsurrounding street  Facilitates sus-surface irrigation and efficient collection ofFacilitates sus-surface irrigation and efficient collection of run-offrun-off  Alternatives to Polythene liners are Geotechnical ClayAlternatives to Polythene liners are Geotechnical Clay Liners (GCL’s)Liners (GCL’s)
  • 31. Critical Soil Specification – Particle Geometry Infiltration rate of 79mm/hr. Angular ‘self locking’ soil particles a critical characteristic of the selected soil. In comparison to rounded particles (common to tertiary sands – i.e. Cranbourne sands) these impart a more favourable balance between air porosity, drainage and essential compactability
  • 32. Construction of Main GreenConstruction of Main Green
  • 33. Selecting Soil MediaSelecting Soil Media  Drainage base – 4mm Boral WashedDrainage base – 4mm Boral Washed Aggregate (90mm depth)Aggregate (90mm depth)  Top ‘growing’ media recipeTop ‘growing’ media recipe  400 cum course Inverliegh sand400 cum course Inverliegh sand  40 cum BioGreen Peat40 cum BioGreen Peat  8 Tonne Zeolite8 Tonne Zeolite
  • 34. Unamended Sand + 10% (v/v) Our final test Sand Biogreen 10mm peat recommendation Infiltration Rate mm/hr 240 180 > 150 Bulk Density g/cc 1.67 1.48 < 1.6 Total Pore Space % 37.15 44.29 > 40 Capillary Pore Space % 20.7 23.5 15 - 25 Non-capillary Pore Space % 16.48 20.79 > 20 Moisture Retention (grav) % 12.41 15.92 10 – 16 Soil medium test specification
  • 35. Membrane weldingMembrane welding for No 1 Greenfor No 1 Green
  • 36. Membrane for No 1 GreenMembrane for No 1 Green
  • 37. Installing Drainage AggregateInstalling Drainage Aggregate and Megaflow Drainageand Megaflow Drainage
  • 38. Importing Greens MediumImporting Greens Medium 400 m400 m3
  • 39. Final Cultivation - Laser levelingFinal Cultivation - Laser leveling
  • 40. Final Laser LevelingFinal Laser Leveling
  • 41. Preparing Tift Couch SprigsPreparing Tift Couch Sprigs
  • 44. Good Growth of Sprigs atGood Growth of Sprigs at Jan 15Jan 15thth (day 22 post sprig)(day 22 post sprig) Cover at about 35%Cover at about 35%
  • 45. First mow - Jan 20thFirst mow - Jan 20th
  • 46. Post Smart Water ConsumptionPost Smart Water Consumption New actual water use Kl (Yarra Valley Water meter) *Assumes 76% used on property is for irrigation 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total kl
  • 47.
  • 48. THIS OBSERVATION SHAFTTHIS OBSERVATION SHAFT ALLOWS US TO CHECK THEALLOWS US TO CHECK THE WATER LEVEL IN THE GREENWATER LEVEL IN THE GREEN DURING WATERINGDURING WATERING
  • 49. $7,500 $5,420 $38,980 $5,420 $6,761 $41,525 $18,000 $2,485 $6,156 $24,000 $4,536 $3,940 $16,000 $15,400 $5,000 $3,000 $6,000 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 Design consultancy Bulk excavation Tank hardware (Diversion costs (directional bore Sump Tank and plumbing installations Membrane Megflow Drainage Aggregate Soil medium Peat Zeolite Greens Construction (Pump room (Treatment Electrical Other contract services Irrigation Plumbing
  • 50. The WorkersThe Workers 50% contractors50% contractors 50% club volunteers50% club volunteers 100% Quality100% Quality
  • 51. HOW IT LOOKS AFTER ALL THE WORK
  • 52.
  • 53. The future ?The future ? Looking forward toLooking forward to Great Greens andGreat Greens and facilities without mainsfacilities without mains waterwater