Basics
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The document discusses various topics related to programming in C including Vim text editor basics, GCC compiler basics, and GDB debugger basics. Vim is introduced as a simple yet powerful text editor with features like unlimited undo, syntax highlighting, and split windows. GCC is summarized as a portable, modular, and free software compiler that compiles C code through preprocessing, compilation, assembly, and linking. GDB is presented as a debugger used to examine code line by line and check variables, especially important for issues like segmentation faults.
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4. The roles of environment variables like LIBRARY_PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH in locating libraries.
How to build the Web
A guest lecture I gave for the "Internet Technology" course at my old University (Bath). I tried to pull together all of the things I wish I'd been told before I started building things on the Web.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Basics
- 2. Programming in C using gcc
- 7. Emacs
- 8. Gedit
- 9. Kate
- 10. nano
- 11. Many more....
- 13. Has all the features that must be there in a basic editor
- 14. Unlimited undo
- 15. Syntax colouring
- 16. Visual selection
- 17. Split windows
- 18. Also has a GUI interface - Gvim
- 19. Many more......
- 21. Open multiple files using -o and -O attributes
- 22. Insertion
- 23. Deletion
- 24. Dw to delete a word from the cursor
- 25. Cw to change a word from the cursor
- 26. Dd and cc to delete & change a line respectively
- 27. Esc to cancel your commads
- 28. Replace
- 30. Use normal arrow keys or h,j,k,l to move the cursor left,down,up,right.
- 31. Ctrl-f and ctrl-b for page down and page up.
- 32. 1G, nG, G to move to first, nth and last line.
- 33. 0 or ^ and $ for start and end of a particular line.
- 34. w and e for moving to start of next word and end of next word and b for moving to the previous word.
- 35. ( and ) for start and end of a sentence and { and } for start and end of paragraph.
- 36. H, M and L to move the cursor to the top,middle and bottom of the screen.
- 38. Yy and yw to yank a line and a word
- 39. p to paste
- 40. Adding a number in front of the command repeats the command so many times, example, 12yy, 3i
- 41. Visual Mode
- 42. v, V and Ctrl-V for visual mode of a character, line and block respectively
- 43. d-delete ,y-yank,U-convert to uppercase,u-convert to lowercase, ~ -togle,<-unident ,> - ident
- 44. Undo the last change using 'u' in normal mode
- 46. Search and replace using %s/old/new/gc
- 47. %: the range of whole file, can replace with a range of lines like (2,50)
- 48. s: substitution
- 49. old: old pattern to match
- 50. new: new pattern for replacement
- 51. g: global
- 52. c: confirm for every replacement
- 53. Split and vs for horizontal and vertical split
- 54. '!' can be used to execute commands
- 55. Ctrl-p in insert mode shows suggestions in autocomplete
- 57. First release in 1987 and in 1992, second release feature to compile
- 58. c++ was added.
- 59. Features of GCC
- 60. It is a portable compiler, runs on most platforms including microcontrollers,DSPs and 64-bit CPUs
- 61. GCC is not only a native compiler but also a cross compiler and hence can produce executables for a different system than itself. It can compile itself.
- 62. It has multiple language front-ends for parsing different languages.
- 63. It has a modular design, hence allowing new languages and architectures to be added very easily
- 64. GCC is completely free software!!!!
- 66. Preprocessing (to expand macros)
- 67. cpp hello.c > hello.i (for c++, it is .ii)
- 68. Compilation (from source code to assembly language)
- 69. gcc -Wall -S hello.i (-S instructs the compiler not to create the object file)
- 70. Assembly (from assembly language to machine code)
- 71. as hello.s -o hello.o (calls to external functions are left undefined to be filled later by the linker)
- 72. Linking (to create the final executable)
- 73. gcc hello.o
- 74. Run ./a.out to get ”Hello, World!” as hello.s -o hello.o
- 76. gcc -Wall hello.c , the executable is stored as a.out
- 77. or
- 78. gcc -Wall hello.c -o hello , the executable is stored as hello
- 79. To execute the executable
- 82. Insert lots of printf statements.
- 83. Insert lots of assert statements.
- 84. Use a debugger to find out where your code went wrong.
- 85. Uses of Gdb
- 86. Used to examine the code, line by line and check the status variables.
- 87. Very important in situations like segmentation faults
- 89. Run
- 91. Break and ignore and disable
- 92. Backtrace
- 93. Next and step
- 94. Continue
- 95. Thank you T. Vignesh Prabhu (tvigneshprabhu@gmail.com)