The document discusses various topics related to programming in C including Vim text editor basics, GCC compiler basics, and GDB debugger basics. Vim is introduced as a simple yet powerful text editor with features like unlimited undo, syntax highlighting, and split windows. GCC is summarized as a portable, modular, and free software compiler that compiles C code through preprocessing, compilation, assembly, and linking. GDB is presented as a debugger used to examine code line by line and check variables, especially important for issues like segmentation faults.

1. Topics Vim

2. Programming in C using gcc

3. Using gdb-GNU Debugger

4. Shell Scripting

5. Basics Different editors in GNU/Linux

6. Vim-Vi Improved

7. Emacs

8. Gedit

9. Kate

10. nano

11. Many more....

12. Why Vim? Simple to use

13. Has all the features that must be there in a basic editor

14. Unlimited undo

15. Syntax colouring

16. Visual selection

17. Split windows

18. Also has a GUI interface - Gvim

19. Many more......

20. Vim Basics Start vim --- vim test.c

21. Open multiple files using -o and -O attributes

22. Insertion

23. Deletion

24. Dw to delete a word from the cursor

25. Cw to change a word from the cursor

26. Dd and cc to delete & change a line respectively

27. Esc to cancel your commads

28. Replace

29. Vim Basics Playing with the cursor

30. Use normal arrow keys or h,j,k,l to move the cursor left,down,up,right.

31. Ctrl-f and ctrl-b for page down and page up.

32. 1G, nG, G to move to first, nth and last line.

33. 0 or ^ and $ for start and end of a particular line.

34. w and e for moving to start of next word and end of next word and b for moving to the previous word.

35. ( and ) for start and end of a sentence and { and } for start and end of paragraph.

36. H, M and L to move the cursor to the top,middle and bottom of the screen.

37. Vim basics Some more short-cuts to edit

38. Yy and yw to yank a line and a word

39. p to paste

40. Adding a number in front of the command repeats the command so many times, example, 12yy, 3i

41. Visual Mode

42. v, V and Ctrl-V for visual mode of a character, line and block respectively

43. d-delete ,y-yank,U-convert to uppercase,u-convert to lowercase, ~ -togle,<-unident ,> - ident

44. Undo the last change using 'u' in normal mode

45. Vim Basics Search for a word using '/', n and N to get next and previous match

46. Search and replace using %s/old/new/gc

47. %: the range of whole file, can replace with a range of lines like (2,50)

48. s: substitution

49. old: old pattern to match

50. new: new pattern for replacement

51. g: global

52. c: confirm for every replacement

53. Split and vs for horizontal and vertical split

54. '!' can be used to execute commands

55. Ctrl-p in insert mode shows suggestions in autocomplete

56. Gcc basics GCC developed by Richard M Stallman as a part of GNU Project

57. First release in 1987 and in 1992, second release feature to compile

58. c++ was added.

59. Features of GCC

60. It is a portable compiler, runs on most platforms including microcontrollers,DSPs and 64-bit CPUs

61. GCC is not only a native compiler but also a cross compiler and hence can produce executables for a different system than itself. It can compile itself.

62. It has multiple language front-ends for parsing different languages.

63. It has a modular design, hence allowing new languages and architectures to be added very easily

64. GCC is completely free software!!!!

65. Gcc Basics How does gcc compile the source code into executable?

66. Preprocessing (to expand macros)

67. cpp hello.c > hello.i (for c++, it is .ii)

68. Compilation (from source code to assembly language)

69. gcc -Wall -S hello.i (-S instructs the compiler not to create the object file)

70. Assembly (from assembly language to machine code)

71. as hello.s -o hello.o (calls to external functions are left undefined to be filled later by the linker)

72. Linking (to create the final executable)

73. gcc hello.o

74. Run ./a.out to get ”Hello, World!” as hello.s -o hello.o

75. Gcc basics In short, to compile the source code use

76. gcc -Wall hello.c , the executable is stored as a.out

77. or

78. gcc -Wall hello.c -o hello , the executable is stored as hello

79. To execute the executable

80. ./a.out or ./hello

81. Gdb basics Normal DeBugging Techniques

82. Insert lots of printf statements.

83. Insert lots of assert statements.

84. Use a debugger to find out where your code went wrong.

85. Uses of Gdb

86. Used to examine the code, line by line and check the status variables.

87. Very important in situations like segmentation faults

88. GDB basics Basic commands

89. Run

90. Display and print

91. Break and ignore and disable

92. Backtrace

93. Next and step

94. Continue

95. Thank you T. Vignesh Prabhu (tvigneshprabhu@gmail.com)