This was one of the very first CBT modules I developed. This presentation was imported into Captivate, where additional features such as mouse-over definitions were added.
Manufacture and Supply of Oil Lubricated Vacuum Pumps, Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps, ROOTS Blower, Custom Vacuum systems and High Vacuum Pumps
Toshniwal has been a major player and prominent manufacturer of vacuum pumps in India for 6 decades
This was one of the very first CBT modules I developed. This presentation was imported into Captivate, where additional features such as mouse-over definitions were added.
Manufacture and Supply of Oil Lubricated Vacuum Pumps, Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps, ROOTS Blower, Custom Vacuum systems and High Vacuum Pumps
Toshniwal has been a major player and prominent manufacturer of vacuum pumps in India for 6 decades
Electron beam is the ability of high energy of electrons to alter the chemical structures of the molecules and its used to either modify or destroy hazardous organic molecules. The electron beam radiation processing is a chemical reaction caused in a material by radiation irradiation. In the radiation processing, electron beam and gamma rays are mainly used
A fluid is a state of matter in which its molecules move freely and do not bear a constant relationship in space to other molecules.
In physics, fluid flow has all kinds of aspects: steady or unsteady, compressible or incompressible, viscous or non-viscous, and rotational or irrotational to name a few. Some of these characteristics reflect properties of the liquid itself, and others focus on how the fluid is moving.
Fluids are :-
Liquid : blood, i.v. infusions)
Gas : O2 , N2O)
Vapour (transition from liquid to gas) : N2O (under compression in cylinder), volatile inhalational agents (halothane, isoflurane, etc)
Sublimate (transition from solid to gas bypassing liquid state) : Dry ice (solid CO2), iodine
Electron beam is the ability of high energy of electrons to alter the chemical structures of the molecules and its used to either modify or destroy hazardous organic molecules. The electron beam radiation processing is a chemical reaction caused in a material by radiation irradiation. In the radiation processing, electron beam and gamma rays are mainly used
A fluid is a state of matter in which its molecules move freely and do not bear a constant relationship in space to other molecules.
In physics, fluid flow has all kinds of aspects: steady or unsteady, compressible or incompressible, viscous or non-viscous, and rotational or irrotational to name a few. Some of these characteristics reflect properties of the liquid itself, and others focus on how the fluid is moving.
Fluids are :-
Liquid : blood, i.v. infusions)
Gas : O2 , N2O)
Vapour (transition from liquid to gas) : N2O (under compression in cylinder), volatile inhalational agents (halothane, isoflurane, etc)
Sublimate (transition from solid to gas bypassing liquid state) : Dry ice (solid CO2), iodine
Pneumatics – Choose the Best Valve for Optimum PerformanceDesign World
Every application has unique requirements and functionality. Choosing the best pneumatic valve for the best performance requires knowing how to select based on specifications. The specifications are based on many factors from the type of valve design to the flow of the flow of the valve. This webinar covers the basic valve designs and the best applications for their design. You will learn when an air piloted valve is used versus a solenoid piloted valve, the difference between direct acting solenoid valves from indirect acting solenoid valves and when they are best applied in a project and how quality of air, size and speed contribute to the valve selection. What is Cv? How do response times and fill and exhaust help with valve specifications? Lastly, you will learn how to determine valve failure issues. Overall, this webinar provides technical and practical ways to properly specify a valve and how to troubleshoot in the event one should fail. You will learn:
Design types features & benefits
Types of actuation
Sizing/Flow rates (speed)
Fail safe
Drying training Equipment Operation and control Nelson Izaguirre
No manufactured product plays a more significant role in every area of human activity than
paper and paper products. Its importance in everyday life is obvious from its use in
recording, storage and dissemination of information. Virtually all writing and printing is
done on paper. It is the most widely used wrapping and packaging material, and is
important for structural applications. The uses and applications for pulp and paper
products are virtually limitless. Apart from the products and services that it provides, the
paper and pulp industry is one of the major manufacturing industries in the world
providing employment for vast number of people and contribute to national economy.
The paper making process is essentially a very large dewatering operation where a diluted
solution of pulp suspension with less than 0.5% fibre solid is used. The major sections of a
paper machine consist of: forming section, press section and dryer section. In the forming
section, the fibres present in the diluted pulp and water slurry form paper web through
drainage by gravity and applied suction below the forming fabric. In the press section
additional water in removed by mechanical pressure applied through the nips of a series of
presses or rotating rolls and the wet web is consolidated in this section. Most of the
remaining water is evaporated and inter-fibre binding developed as the paper contacts a
series of steam heated cylinder in the dryer section. Water removal from the wet web to the
final moisture level between 6% and 7% is a critical step of papermaking. Majority of the
functional properties of paper are developed in this section.
In spite of its key role in papermaking, large equipment size, and large capital and operating
costs, drying is arguably the least understood papermaking operation. Books on
papermaking technology generally devote fewer pages to drying than other papermaking
operations such as forming, pressing or calendaring. A similar situation is found in
papermaking courses, in which drying occupies a shorter time than the proportion of space
it takes in a paper machine. Furthermore, a large portion of that time is devoted to the
description of the equipment by its suppliers rather than to its operation by the
papermakers.
Dropout® is a unique, scientifically engineered, patent protected multi-stage Compressed Air Filter that removes 99.9999% of Liquid (Water & Oil) 99 % solid particulates down to 1 Micron. This unique multi stage Compressed Air Filter requires NO Replacement Filters, and once fitted, the ongoing servicing costs are ZERO.
At Dropout® technology, we wanted to challenge current thinking in Compressed Air Filter applications by developing a product range which was so efficient at point of use customers would question the benefit of expensive compressed air system treatment upstream. This we achieved with the launch of our Dropout® compressed air treatment product group. Saving customers money, energy, time and eliminating the need for disposable filter consumables.
“STUDY AND FABRICATION OF OUTDOOR MIST/FOG COOLING SYSTEM THROUGH HIGH PRESSU...SHAILESH SHUKLA
High pressure systems work so effectively because of the misting system pump. The pump pushes the water through 1/4″ lines to brass mist nozzles, producing microscopic droplets of water. The fine mist of water droplets hits the hot air and flash evaporates to cool the surrounding space upwards of 10-15 degrees.
60 to 80% of the power of the prime mover is converted into an unusable form of energy (HEAT),and
also to a lesser extent, into friction, misuse and noise, only 10% is really in use. This presentation enriches with different types of compressors and its benefits which enables to take wise decision in selection of compressors.
Clean and dry Compressed Air is the need of
the hour for any manufacturing unit, as the
manufacturing processes adopt automation and
the accuracy of the machined components getting
more critical than ever. Sophisticated production
machines like CNC, VMC, Machining Centers, Laser Cutting
Machines and Coordinate Measuring Machines
(CMM) need clean and dry compressed air with
regulated pressures and safety measures to ensure
that wet air do not enter the air bearings or the
pneumatic cylinders at any given point of time.
ECODRAIR Refrigerated Air dryer from the staple of SANPAR is the solution and the first choice of the major manufactures
of such sophisticated machine manufacturers – National and International brands!
This presentation by Morris Kleiner (University of Minnesota), was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Acorn Recovery: Restore IT infra within minutesIP ServerOne
Introducing Acorn Recovery as a Service, a simple, fast, and secure managed disaster recovery (DRaaS) by IP ServerOne. A DR solution that helps restore your IT infra within minutes.
Have you ever wondered how search works while visiting an e-commerce site, internal website, or searching through other types of online resources? Look no further than this informative session on the ways that taxonomies help end-users navigate the internet! Hear from taxonomists and other information professionals who have first-hand experience creating and working with taxonomies that aid in navigation, search, and discovery across a range of disciplines.
0x01 - Newton's Third Law: Static vs. Dynamic AbusersOWASP Beja
f you offer a service on the web, odds are that someone will abuse it. Be it an API, a SaaS, a PaaS, or even a static website, someone somewhere will try to figure out a way to use it to their own needs. In this talk we'll compare measures that are effective against static attackers and how to battle a dynamic attacker who adapts to your counter-measures.
About the Speaker
===============
Diogo Sousa, Engineering Manager @ Canonical
An opinionated individual with an interest in cryptography and its intersection with secure software development.
Sharpen existing tools or get a new toolbox? Contemporary cluster initiatives...Orkestra
UIIN Conference, Madrid, 27-29 May 2024
James Wilson, Orkestra and Deusto Business School
Emily Wise, Lund University
Madeline Smith, The Glasgow School of Art
This presentation, created by Syed Faiz ul Hassan, explores the profound influence of media on public perception and behavior. It delves into the evolution of media from oral traditions to modern digital and social media platforms. Key topics include the role of media in information propagation, socialization, crisis awareness, globalization, and education. The presentation also examines media influence through agenda setting, propaganda, and manipulative techniques used by advertisers and marketers. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of surveillance enabled by media technologies on personal behavior and preferences. Through this comprehensive overview, the presentation aims to shed light on how media shapes collective consciousness and public opinion.
2. What is a Vacuum?
• Ideal Vacuum
– A space totally devoid of all matter.
– Does not exist, even in outer space!
• Actual Vacuum (Partial Vacuum)
– A space containing gas at a pressure below the
surrounding atmosphere or atmospheric pressure
less than 760 Torr @ sea level and 00 C with no
humidity
3. Why is a Vacuum Needed?
To move a particle in a (straight) line over a large distance
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
4. Why is a Vacuum Needed?
Contamination
(usually water)
Clean surface
Atmosphere (High)Vacuum
To provide a clean surface
6. PRESSURE OF 1 STANDARD
ATMOSPHERE:
760 TORR, 1013 mbar
AT SEA LEVEL, 0O C AND 45O LATITUDE
7. Pressure Equivalents
Atmospheric Pressure (Standard) =
0
14.7
29.9
760
760
760,000
101,325
1.013
1013
Gauge pressure (psig)
Pounds per square inch (psia)
Inches of mercury
Millimeter of mercury
Torr
Millitorr or microns
Pascal
Bar
Millibar
8. THE ATMOSPHERE IS A MIXTURE OF GASES
PARTIAL PRESSURES OF GASES CORRESPOND TO THEIR RELATIVE VOLUMES
GAS SYMBOL
PERCENT BY
VOLUME
PARTIAL PRESSURE
TORR PASCAL
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Argon
Carbon Dioxide
Neon
Helium
Krypton
Hydrogen
Xenon
Water
N2
O2
A
CO2
Ne
He
Kr
H2
X
H2O
78
21
0.93
0.03
0.0018
0.0005
0.0001
0.00005
0.0000087
Variable
593
158
7.1
0.25
1.4 x 10-2
4.0 x 10-3
8.7 x 10-4
4.0 x 10-4
6.6 x 10-5
5 to 50
79,000
21,000
940
33
1.8
5.3 x 10-1
1.1 x 10-1
5.1 x 10-2
8.7 x 10-3
665 to 6650
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
9. VAPOR PRESSURE OF WATER AT
VARIOUS TEMPERATURES
T (O C)
100
25
0
-40
-78.5
-196
P (mbar)
1013
32
6.4
0.13
6.6 x 10 -4
10 -24
(BOILING)
(FREEZING)
(DRY ICE)
(LIQUID NITROGEN)
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
10. PRESSURE RANGES
RANGE
ROUGH (LOW) VACUUM
HIGH VACUUM
ULTRA HIGH VACUUM
PRESSURE
759 TO 1 x 10 -3 (mbar)
1 x 10 -3 TO 1 x 10 -8 (mbar)
LESS THAN 1 x 10 -8 (mbar)
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
12. Viscous and Molecular Flow
Viscous Flow
(momentum transfer
between molecules)
Molecular Flow
(molecules move
independently)
13. FLOW REGIMES
Viscous Flow:
Distance between molecules is small; collisions between
molecules dominate; flow through momentum transfer;
generally P greater than 0.1 mbar
Transition Flow:
Region between viscous and molecular flow
Molecular Flow:
Distance between molecules is large; collisions between
molecules and wall dominate; flow through random motion;
generally P smaller than 10 mbar
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
14. MEAN FREE PATH
MOLECULAR DENSITY AND MEAN FREE PATH
1013 mbar (atm) 1 x 10-3 mbar 1 x 10-9 mbar
#
mol/cm3
MFP
3 x 10 19
(30 million trillion)
4 x 10 13
(40 trillion)
4 x 10 7
(40 million)
2.5 x 10-6 in
6.4 x 10-5 mm
2 inches
5.1 cm
31 miles
50 km
15. FLOW REGIMES
Mean Free Path
Characteristic Dimension
Viscous Flow: is less than 0.01
Mean Free Path
Characteristic Dimension
Molecular Flow: is greater than 1
Mean Free Path
Characteristic Dimension
Transition Flow: is between 0.01 and 1
16. Conductance in Viscous Flow
Under viscous flow conditions doubling the
pipe diameter increases the conductance
sixteen times.
The conductance is INVERSELY related to
the pipe length
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
17. Conductance in Molecular Flow
Under molecular flow conditions doubling
the pipe diameter increases the conductance
eight times.
The conductance is INVERSELY related to
the pipe length.
24. ROTARY VANE TECHNOLOGY
Principles of Operation:
A lubricated rotary vane pump has a series of sliding vanes attached to a rotor
in the pump cylinder. As the rotor spins, centrifugal force causes the vanes to
slide outward to form a seal on the cylinder wall with oil that is injected into the
pumping chamber. Air is pulled in to the pump inlet which is then compressed
and discharged into the exhaust box. The sealing oil is filtered and re-circulated
within the pump via oil filters which eliminates 99.9% of lubricating oil from the
exhaust.
Benefits:
Air cooled design
Direct drive
29.3" Hg end vacuum
Anti suck back valve
Oil flooded for lubrication and heat dissipation
27. How the Pump Works at Double Stage
(irshad_alam@aol.com)
28. Why Vacuum?
Using vacuums ranks as one of the
traditional interface technologies.
Vacuums are used in industry and
commerce for packaging, drying,
suction and pick-and-place. Some
process engineering operations are
carried out in a vacuum because low
pressure is an advantage on
temperature-sensitive products.
29. How to select a Vacuum Pump
First, you have to create the vacuum:
And this is where the vacuum pumps
come in. However, it’s worth clearing up
a few key questions right at the outset.
What volume of what end-pressure
needs to be achieved, and in what
time? Are there application-specific
parameters which need to be taken
into account? And what compression
principle is best suited for a specific
application?
31. Principles of Operation:
A rotor is mounted eccentrically in the pump cylinder and
contains several sliding vanes. As the rotor turns, centrifugal
force causes the vanes to slide outward, creating a seal against
the cylinder wall. The vanes are constructed of a self-lubricating
graphite composite material which allows them to operate
against the cylinder wall without the need for any other sealing
or lubricating liquid. As a result of the offset rotor, a succession of
variable volumes is formed in the cylinder housing creating the
flow of vapor through the pump. Vapor is pulled into the pump
inlet which is then compressed and discharged through the
exhaust to atmosphere.
Benefits:
No oil anywhere
Long vane life
Low vibration
Graphite composite vanes
Oil-less Rotary Vane Technology
33. The impeller sits between two end plates (port plates)
which have shaped holes cut into them called ports.
The pump requires a liquid (also called the sealant) to
create vacuum as follows. ... This is the suction of
the pump, drawing in air, gases, or vapors thru the "inlet
port" at the sides of the impeller.
Application Area
Pharmaceutical
Food & Confectionery
Petro-chemicals
Textile
Plastic industries
Paper and Sugar mills
Cement
Metallurgical Laboratories and Furnaces
Refrigeration Plants
Distilleries
Liquid/Water Ring Vacuum Pumps
47. Vacuum Pumps are best suited for Pharmaceutical,
Semiconductor, Aircraft, Automobile, Glass, Printing,
Packaging, Chemical, Food Processing,
Confectionary, Breweries, Distilleries, Plastic, Garment
& Leather Processing Industries, Textiles, Paper &
Sugar Mills, Power Plants, Furnaces, Cement &
Fertilizer Plants, Metallurgical Laboratories and
Vacuum Conveying, Extrusion, Priming, Dehydration,
Filtration, Sterilizing, Tiles and Ceramics Industries and
host of other industrial applications.
APPLICATIONS
48. Thank You So Much for Your
Valuable Time
Most Welcome to Your
Suggestion and Discussion
With Warm Regards
Mohammad Irshad Alam
Sales Engineer
Email: me_irshad@yahoo.com