A computer network connects computers and devices together through communication devices and transmission media. Communication describes the transfer of data, instructions, and information between two or more computers or devices. There are several types of computer networks including local area networks (LANs) that connect devices in a limited geographic area like a home or office, metropolitan area networks (MANs) that connect LANs across a region like a city, and wide area networks (WANs) that span large geographic areas like countries. Networks can be used to share resources like printers and files, provide communication services, and allow access to information from any connected device. However, larger networks are more difficult to manage and viruses could potentially spread between connected systems.

1. Introducti
on
Basic Concept of
Computer
Prepared by: EngAbdirahman Hassan Nou
Network
McGraw-Hill Technology Education
Copyright © 2006
Companies, Inc. All Berbera
Prepared by: EngAbdirahman Hassan Nour by The McGraw-Hill Golis Universityrights reserved.

2. Definition of Computer network
• A Computer network is a collection of computers
and devices Connected together via
communication devices and transmission media.
For example it my connect computers, printers and
scanners.
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3. Definition of Network Communication
• Communication describes a process in
which two or more computer, devices
transfer data, instructions and information.
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4. Advantage of Computer networks
• Sharing of Devices such as printer and
scanner
• Sharing program / software
• Sharing files
• Sharing data
• Sharing information
• Sharing of single high-speed internet
connection
• Better communication using internet
services such as email, mailing list and
internet Relate chat (IRC)
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5. Disadvantage of Computer Network
•
•
•
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The larger network becomes, the more
difficult it is to manage.
If the network stops operating system,
then it may not be possible to access
various resources
Computer Viruses: If any computer
system in a network gets affected
by computer virus, there is a possible
threat of other systems getting affected
too.

6. Sharing Data
File server contains documents
used by other computers.
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7. Types of Network
9A-7

8. Local Area Network (LAN)
• A local area network is a network that
connects computers and devices in a limited
geographically area such as a home, school
computer laboratory, office building.
9A-8

9. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is high speed
network that connect local area network in
Metropolitan Area such as city or town and handles
bulk of communication activity across the region.
• A MAN typically includes one or more LAN but covers
a smaller geographically area than a WAN.
9A-9

10. Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Wide Area Network is a network that covers a large
geographically area such country or the world
• WAN combines many types of media such as
telephone lines, cables
and radio wave. A WAN
can be one large network
or can consist of two or
more LANs connected
together.
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11. Difference Between the types of
Computer network
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12. Network Architecture
• Network Architecture is the over all design
of a computer network that describes how a
computer network is configured and what
strategies are being used.
• It also know as network model or network
design.
• Two main network architecture:
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13. Server and Clients
• A network server is a computer designed to
process requests and deliver data to other (client)
computers over a local network or the Internet.
• A Client is a computer that
retrieves information
from or uses resources
provided by a server
or main computer.
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14. Difference Between Server, Client and
Peer to Peer
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15. Network Communication Technology
•
State the types of network communication
technology:
i) Intranet
ii) Extranet
iii) Internet
•
Define the types of network
communication technology:
i) Intranet
ii) Extranet
iii) Internet
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16. Types of Network Communication
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17. Intranet
• An intranet is a private network within an organization
that resembles the internet.
• organizations use intranets to provide information to
their employees.
• typical applications include electronic telephone
directories, email addresses,
employee information,
internal job openings
and much more.
9A-17

18. Extranet
• Is a private network that connects more than one
organizations
• many organizations use the internet technologies to allow
suppliers, customers and business partner limited access to
their network
• the purpose is to increase efficiency and reduce costs
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19. Internet
• is a public network
• it is worldwide collection of networks that links million of
business, government agencies, educational institution and
individuals.
• internet users can access service like web browsing, email,
file transfer, mailing list, chat rooms, instant messaging and
newsgroups.
9A-19

20. Difference Between Internet, Intranet
and Extranet
Differences
Extranet
Internet
Used for
Private
Private
Public
Types of users
Provide
information for
organization
employees
Provide
information to
suppliers,
customers and
business partner
Provide
information for
public
Usages
Telephone
directories,
internal job
opening,
employee
information
Access data, check
status, place
orders, send email
Access all kinds
of information
Security
9A-20
Intranet
High
Use virtual private
network (VPN)
technology to
communication
over the internet
more secure
Loose

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ANY
QUESTION
McGraw-Hill by: EngAbdirahman Hassan © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright Nour
Prepared Technology Education
Golis University Berbera
Prepared by: EngAbdirahman Hassan Nour
Golis University Berbera