The document discusses challenges facing the Systems and Software Engineering Directorate within the Department of Defense. It outlines the Directorate's vision, mission, and responsibilities, which include providing technical advice on programs, establishing acquisition policies, and managing the systems engineering career field. The document also discusses key challenges programs face related to requirements, risk management, and reliability. It proposes ways the Directorate can better support programs early in the acquisition process through workshops, guidance updates, and collaboration tools.
The Composite Crew Module project brought together engineers from multiple NASA centers to design and build a composite crew capsule. A broad team was assembled with representation from various NASA centers and aerospace industry partners. They worked collaboratively over 18 months to design, build, and test a full-scale composite crew module, gaining hands-on experience. The goal was to advance composite materials technology in anticipation of future exploration systems utilizing composites.
This document discusses using earned value management techniques for software projects. It outlines some current challenges with applying earned value to software, including excessive use of level of effort tasks and not properly accounting for rework. It emphasizes that earned value measures need to directly relate to implementing requirements. The document also discusses breaking work into phases and using a work breakdown structure that properly captures the software effort.
The NASA Ames Research Center has developed a scaled project management framework for IT projects under $500k based on NASA's NPR 7120.7. The framework includes Lite and Medium classifications to provide flexibility and structure for smaller projects. It establishes common project reviews, entrance and success criteria, and decision points for projects below the NPR 7120.7 threshold. The framework is designed to standardize project management practices while allowing tailoring to individual project needs.
This document summarizes the role and responsibilities of the Systems and Software Engineering Directorate within the Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology. The Directorate provides independent technical advice and oversight to programs, establishes acquisition policy and guidance, and works to advance systems engineering practices. It sees opportunities to improve how programs apply systems engineering early in the acquisition lifecycle to better define requirements and manage risks.
This document discusses managing integrated project work across geographically dispersed NASA teams. It provides a case study of the Orion project, which involved collaboration between 10 NASA centers. Key challenges of geographic dispersion include different organizational cultures, time zones, and the need to be part of a larger distributed team. Suggested paths for success include frequent communication, building trust, establishing common goals and processes, and travel to facilitate in-person interactions. Geographic dispersion will continue as NASA relies more on distributed teams, but success requires focus on open communication and shared objectives.
The document discusses the Ares I-X test flight conducted by NASA in October 2009. It provides background on the objectives and significance of the flight test. It highlights that healthy tension between the flight test's Mission Management Office and Technical Authorities was important to the flight test's success. It then discusses NASA's governance model and how technical authority is implemented. Specifically, it notes the Chief Engineer and Chief of Safety and Mission Assurance represented their communities and helped achieve an appropriate balance between constraints and risk. Information flow between groups was a key factor for the multi-center team's cooperation and success.
The document discusses a case study on risk management challenges for a program transitioning from the Titan IV rocket to new launch vehicles. It describes how failures of the Titan IV led to concerns about losing critical workforce skills. Participants were asked to identify risks and mitigation strategies. The actual Titan IV program implemented strategies like accrual accounts for successful missions, launch awards, identifying critical skills, work sharing programs, and aggressive communication to maintain workforce focus and stability during the transition. The key success factors were starting retention programs early, continuous communication, creating near-term financial incentives for work, and providing long-term transition support and opportunities.
This document discusses integrating technical risk management with decision analysis. It notes that NASA currently manages risks individually without considering overall risk. The document proposes using decision analysis and probabilistic risk assessment to evaluate alternatives based on performance measures related to objectives like safety, cost and schedule. This would allow uncertainty to be considered and provide a more rigorous approach to risk-informed decision making.
The Composite Crew Module project brought together engineers from multiple NASA centers to design and build a composite crew capsule. A broad team was assembled with representation from various NASA centers and aerospace industry partners. They worked collaboratively over 18 months to design, build, and test a full-scale composite crew module, gaining hands-on experience. The goal was to advance composite materials technology in anticipation of future exploration systems utilizing composites.
This document discusses using earned value management techniques for software projects. It outlines some current challenges with applying earned value to software, including excessive use of level of effort tasks and not properly accounting for rework. It emphasizes that earned value measures need to directly relate to implementing requirements. The document also discusses breaking work into phases and using a work breakdown structure that properly captures the software effort.
The NASA Ames Research Center has developed a scaled project management framework for IT projects under $500k based on NASA's NPR 7120.7. The framework includes Lite and Medium classifications to provide flexibility and structure for smaller projects. It establishes common project reviews, entrance and success criteria, and decision points for projects below the NPR 7120.7 threshold. The framework is designed to standardize project management practices while allowing tailoring to individual project needs.
This document summarizes the role and responsibilities of the Systems and Software Engineering Directorate within the Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology. The Directorate provides independent technical advice and oversight to programs, establishes acquisition policy and guidance, and works to advance systems engineering practices. It sees opportunities to improve how programs apply systems engineering early in the acquisition lifecycle to better define requirements and manage risks.
This document discusses managing integrated project work across geographically dispersed NASA teams. It provides a case study of the Orion project, which involved collaboration between 10 NASA centers. Key challenges of geographic dispersion include different organizational cultures, time zones, and the need to be part of a larger distributed team. Suggested paths for success include frequent communication, building trust, establishing common goals and processes, and travel to facilitate in-person interactions. Geographic dispersion will continue as NASA relies more on distributed teams, but success requires focus on open communication and shared objectives.
The document discusses the Ares I-X test flight conducted by NASA in October 2009. It provides background on the objectives and significance of the flight test. It highlights that healthy tension between the flight test's Mission Management Office and Technical Authorities was important to the flight test's success. It then discusses NASA's governance model and how technical authority is implemented. Specifically, it notes the Chief Engineer and Chief of Safety and Mission Assurance represented their communities and helped achieve an appropriate balance between constraints and risk. Information flow between groups was a key factor for the multi-center team's cooperation and success.
The document discusses a case study on risk management challenges for a program transitioning from the Titan IV rocket to new launch vehicles. It describes how failures of the Titan IV led to concerns about losing critical workforce skills. Participants were asked to identify risks and mitigation strategies. The actual Titan IV program implemented strategies like accrual accounts for successful missions, launch awards, identifying critical skills, work sharing programs, and aggressive communication to maintain workforce focus and stability during the transition. The key success factors were starting retention programs early, continuous communication, creating near-term financial incentives for work, and providing long-term transition support and opportunities.
This document discusses integrating technical risk management with decision analysis. It notes that NASA currently manages risks individually without considering overall risk. The document proposes using decision analysis and probabilistic risk assessment to evaluate alternatives based on performance measures related to objectives like safety, cost and schedule. This would allow uncertainty to be considered and provide a more rigorous approach to risk-informed decision making.
The document summarizes a case study using systems engineering models to plan the Exploration Flight Test-1 (EFT-1) mission for NASA's Orion spacecraft. Key points:
- EFT-1 will test Orion capabilities before crewed flights, including separations, parachutes, attitude control during reentry, and water recovery.
- Systems engineering models were used to understand data and resource needs, flows, and access across distributed NASA/Lockheed Martin teams.
- Custom viewpoints were defined in SysML to address stakeholder questions and visualize mission elements like components, data exchanges, and interface requirements.
This document summarizes a presentation about systems engineering processes for principle investigator (PI) mode missions. It discusses how PI missions face special challenges due to cost caps and lower technology readiness levels. It then outlines various systems engineering techniques used for PI missions, including safety compliance, organizational communication, design tools, requirements management, and lessons learned from past missions. Specific case studies from NASA's Explorers Program Office are provided as examples.
This document recommends an insight/oversight model for NASA's Commercial Crew Program. It suggests using technical expert engagement similar to other programs, with a focus on high-risk subsystems. The model includes discrete oversight at key decision points rather than continuous oversight. Insight teams would provide expertise and recommendations, while the Program Office makes oversight decisions.
The document discusses Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) as a new approach to managing projects that addresses some of the limitations of traditional project management such as localized risk management. CCPM proposes using a global approach to risk management through techniques such as aggregating risks across all tasks in a project rather than at the individual task level and prioritizing projects based on their buffer consumption status. The document outlines some of the key concepts of CCPM such as critical chain planning and buffer management.
Lean Project Management is a proven method for improving project performance. It focuses on managing variability through planning, execution, and monitoring approaches like identifying essential inputs, aggressive task estimates, critical chain protection, and buffer management. Team support is critical for implementing Lean Project Management successfully.
This document discusses strategies for developing IT systems that people can and will use. It notes high failure rates of government IT projects and common pitfalls like unclear requirements, poor usability, and lack of focus on business processes. Success strategies include using a project methodology, managing risks, clearly defining outcomes, understanding the environment, involving customers, and communicating frequently. The key is focusing on the customer perspective and engaging people in the process.
This document provides an overview of NASA's software engineering benchmarking effort from February 2012. It discusses the background and motivation for the benchmarking, the organizations that were benchmarked, and the benchmarking team. It then summarizes some of the key learnings around training, testing, acquisition, small projects/processes, and the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). The document finds that mentoring is important for training, testing practices vary, acquisition of software requirements can be improved, tailoring is needed for small projects, and that CMMI adoption provides benefits like improved cost estimation and manageability.
The document introduces the Project Management Toolkit (PPME Toolkit) developed by NASA's Glenn Research Center (GRC) to provide a standardized set of project planning and execution tools. The PPME Toolkit aims to facilitate life cycle project management from proposal development through project control and reporting. It was developed using a rapid prototyping approach and has been piloted with five GRC space flight projects. Version 1 of the Toolkit will be deployed across GRC's space flight portfolio in 2011, and Version 2 will include additional capabilities and an enterprise server solution to enable true portfolio management.
The document provides an implementation strategy for Integrated Baseline Reviews (IBRs) according to NASA requirements. It outlines IBR goals, assumptions, and a strategy that stages reviews throughout project phases from pre-Phase A to Phase D. The strategy emphasizes evolving review focus from process to content as the project matures. Reviews are scaled based on risk level and include roles and requirements for each project phase.
The document summarizes the purpose and activities of the Planetary Science Technology Review Panel. The panel was tasked with assessing NASA's planetary technology development programs and providing recommendations. The panel's activities included briefings with NASA executives, interviews with technology programs and flight projects, and discussions with other organizations involved in technology development. The panel identified major issues in NASA's strategic approach, processes, resources, and culture regarding technology development. These issues center around the lack of an overall technology development strategy and accountability, unclear paths for maturing technologies, unstable budgets, and insufficient communication and risk-taking.
The document discusses a project management approach to source evaluation boards (SEBs) being implemented at NASA's Johnson Space Center. It aims to align SEB processes with project management principles by treating each SEB like a project, focusing on requirements, scheduling, teamwork, and control. Feedback from industry and assessments identified issues like unclear processes and schedules. The new approach establishes common vocabulary, templates, and training to bring more consistency to SEBs handled as projects.
Risk management is a key program control function that requires an environment fostering open discussion of challenges. Prior programs provide lessons on effective practices like engaged leadership, clear communication across all levels, comprehensive training, well-defined processes, and usable risk management tools. These elements encourage accurate identification and handling of risks to contribute to mission success.
The document discusses establishing a performance measurement baseline (PMB) in a cost effective manner. It defines key Earned Value Management (EVM) concepts like the PMB, which is a time-phased budget plan used to measure contract performance. It emphasizes the importance of thorough upfront planning, including developing a work breakdown structure (WBS) and schedule to fully capture the work scope. Establishing the PMB is a three-step process of defining the work, scheduling it, and allocating budgets to control accounts and work packages.
This document provides an overview of an approach for right sizing design review plans for projects and programs. It discusses establishing a multi-tiered review approach including technical and peer reviews of lower-level design products, component design reviews, subsystem design reviews, and system-level reviews. It emphasizes the importance of planning the review approach, defining objectives and participation for each review level, and using lessons learned to improve efficiency while maintaining thoroughness.
The Commercial Crew Program had to change its acquisition strategy from a fixed-price contract to a public-private partnership due to a 52% budget reduction. The program manager quickly developed a new strategy using a Space Act Agreement and released a revised request for proposals within 11 weeks. While requirements did not change, the approach to verification development had to be adapted. Effective communication, keeping teams focused, and dividing the work into smaller pieces helped the program manager lead the organization through the change in direction.
The document discusses the challenges faced in developing new launch vehicle programs. It notes that launch vehicle design projects have high costs and risks due to complex requirements, conflicting stakeholder expectations, technology development uncertainties, and integration challenges across vehicle elements. The project manager's job is further complicated by a lack of experienced staff, limited suppliers, and outdated processes. Implementing systems engineering practices can help project managers by defining project phases and technical baselines, providing qualified staff for integration tasks, and allowing the project manager to focus on other critical issues like cost, schedule, stakeholders, and risk.
The document summarizes an NSC Audits and Assessments Workshop from September 2009-2010. It discusses the background and purpose of different types of NASA safety audits conducted by the NSC Audits and Assessments Office. The document analyzes audit findings from 2007-2010 and identifies potential systemic safety issues across multiple NASA centers, particularly in electrical safety, inspection records, and probabilistic risk assessment. Action plans were developed to address these issues and improve safety audit processes.
The document describes a project management toolkit developed by NASA Glenn Research Center to help with space flight projects. The toolkit provides a collection of standardized project planning and management tools accessible through a web portal. It aims to facilitate rigorous and compliant project proposal, planning, execution, and control according to NASA requirements and best practices. The development of the operational toolkit was driven by a strategic goal of delivering project management excellence for successful customer missions.
This document provides an overview of project scheduling from NASA's perspective. It discusses NASA's large, complex projects and the requirements for project scheduling. The presentation covers key project scheduling processes including activity definition, sequencing, duration estimating, schedule development, status accounting, and performance reporting. It provides examples and definitions for these processes. The goal is to give attendees a basic understanding of project scheduling as it relates to NASA projects.
KDP C is an important decision point for NASA projects where the agency decides whether to proceed to implementation and commits to a project's cost and schedule estimates. This panel discusses updated NASA processes to help ensure projects are on track for technical success within budget and schedule by KDP C. These include developing an integrated baseline, independent reviews, and documenting approvals and commitments in a decision memorandum to formalize support and establish external commitments. The integration of baseline development, independent checks, approval to proceed, and commitments is meant to help projects successfully complete implementation.
Key Considerations for a Successful Hyperion Planning ImplementationAlithya
The document provides an overview and recommendations for a successful Hyperion Planning implementation. It discusses key project phases, recommended build techniques including application definition, dimensionality, master data integration, building the planning model, and form and calculation development. It also covers tips for planning design including delineating plan types, defining dimensionality, integrating master data from various sources, and best practices for building forms to ensure performance.
The document summarizes a case study using systems engineering models to plan the Exploration Flight Test-1 (EFT-1) mission for NASA's Orion spacecraft. Key points:
- EFT-1 will test Orion capabilities before crewed flights, including separations, parachutes, attitude control during reentry, and water recovery.
- Systems engineering models were used to understand data and resource needs, flows, and access across distributed NASA/Lockheed Martin teams.
- Custom viewpoints were defined in SysML to address stakeholder questions and visualize mission elements like components, data exchanges, and interface requirements.
This document summarizes a presentation about systems engineering processes for principle investigator (PI) mode missions. It discusses how PI missions face special challenges due to cost caps and lower technology readiness levels. It then outlines various systems engineering techniques used for PI missions, including safety compliance, organizational communication, design tools, requirements management, and lessons learned from past missions. Specific case studies from NASA's Explorers Program Office are provided as examples.
This document recommends an insight/oversight model for NASA's Commercial Crew Program. It suggests using technical expert engagement similar to other programs, with a focus on high-risk subsystems. The model includes discrete oversight at key decision points rather than continuous oversight. Insight teams would provide expertise and recommendations, while the Program Office makes oversight decisions.
The document discusses Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) as a new approach to managing projects that addresses some of the limitations of traditional project management such as localized risk management. CCPM proposes using a global approach to risk management through techniques such as aggregating risks across all tasks in a project rather than at the individual task level and prioritizing projects based on their buffer consumption status. The document outlines some of the key concepts of CCPM such as critical chain planning and buffer management.
Lean Project Management is a proven method for improving project performance. It focuses on managing variability through planning, execution, and monitoring approaches like identifying essential inputs, aggressive task estimates, critical chain protection, and buffer management. Team support is critical for implementing Lean Project Management successfully.
This document discusses strategies for developing IT systems that people can and will use. It notes high failure rates of government IT projects and common pitfalls like unclear requirements, poor usability, and lack of focus on business processes. Success strategies include using a project methodology, managing risks, clearly defining outcomes, understanding the environment, involving customers, and communicating frequently. The key is focusing on the customer perspective and engaging people in the process.
This document provides an overview of NASA's software engineering benchmarking effort from February 2012. It discusses the background and motivation for the benchmarking, the organizations that were benchmarked, and the benchmarking team. It then summarizes some of the key learnings around training, testing, acquisition, small projects/processes, and the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). The document finds that mentoring is important for training, testing practices vary, acquisition of software requirements can be improved, tailoring is needed for small projects, and that CMMI adoption provides benefits like improved cost estimation and manageability.
The document introduces the Project Management Toolkit (PPME Toolkit) developed by NASA's Glenn Research Center (GRC) to provide a standardized set of project planning and execution tools. The PPME Toolkit aims to facilitate life cycle project management from proposal development through project control and reporting. It was developed using a rapid prototyping approach and has been piloted with five GRC space flight projects. Version 1 of the Toolkit will be deployed across GRC's space flight portfolio in 2011, and Version 2 will include additional capabilities and an enterprise server solution to enable true portfolio management.
The document provides an implementation strategy for Integrated Baseline Reviews (IBRs) according to NASA requirements. It outlines IBR goals, assumptions, and a strategy that stages reviews throughout project phases from pre-Phase A to Phase D. The strategy emphasizes evolving review focus from process to content as the project matures. Reviews are scaled based on risk level and include roles and requirements for each project phase.
The document summarizes the purpose and activities of the Planetary Science Technology Review Panel. The panel was tasked with assessing NASA's planetary technology development programs and providing recommendations. The panel's activities included briefings with NASA executives, interviews with technology programs and flight projects, and discussions with other organizations involved in technology development. The panel identified major issues in NASA's strategic approach, processes, resources, and culture regarding technology development. These issues center around the lack of an overall technology development strategy and accountability, unclear paths for maturing technologies, unstable budgets, and insufficient communication and risk-taking.
The document discusses a project management approach to source evaluation boards (SEBs) being implemented at NASA's Johnson Space Center. It aims to align SEB processes with project management principles by treating each SEB like a project, focusing on requirements, scheduling, teamwork, and control. Feedback from industry and assessments identified issues like unclear processes and schedules. The new approach establishes common vocabulary, templates, and training to bring more consistency to SEBs handled as projects.
Risk management is a key program control function that requires an environment fostering open discussion of challenges. Prior programs provide lessons on effective practices like engaged leadership, clear communication across all levels, comprehensive training, well-defined processes, and usable risk management tools. These elements encourage accurate identification and handling of risks to contribute to mission success.
The document discusses establishing a performance measurement baseline (PMB) in a cost effective manner. It defines key Earned Value Management (EVM) concepts like the PMB, which is a time-phased budget plan used to measure contract performance. It emphasizes the importance of thorough upfront planning, including developing a work breakdown structure (WBS) and schedule to fully capture the work scope. Establishing the PMB is a three-step process of defining the work, scheduling it, and allocating budgets to control accounts and work packages.
This document provides an overview of an approach for right sizing design review plans for projects and programs. It discusses establishing a multi-tiered review approach including technical and peer reviews of lower-level design products, component design reviews, subsystem design reviews, and system-level reviews. It emphasizes the importance of planning the review approach, defining objectives and participation for each review level, and using lessons learned to improve efficiency while maintaining thoroughness.
The Commercial Crew Program had to change its acquisition strategy from a fixed-price contract to a public-private partnership due to a 52% budget reduction. The program manager quickly developed a new strategy using a Space Act Agreement and released a revised request for proposals within 11 weeks. While requirements did not change, the approach to verification development had to be adapted. Effective communication, keeping teams focused, and dividing the work into smaller pieces helped the program manager lead the organization through the change in direction.
The document discusses the challenges faced in developing new launch vehicle programs. It notes that launch vehicle design projects have high costs and risks due to complex requirements, conflicting stakeholder expectations, technology development uncertainties, and integration challenges across vehicle elements. The project manager's job is further complicated by a lack of experienced staff, limited suppliers, and outdated processes. Implementing systems engineering practices can help project managers by defining project phases and technical baselines, providing qualified staff for integration tasks, and allowing the project manager to focus on other critical issues like cost, schedule, stakeholders, and risk.
The document summarizes an NSC Audits and Assessments Workshop from September 2009-2010. It discusses the background and purpose of different types of NASA safety audits conducted by the NSC Audits and Assessments Office. The document analyzes audit findings from 2007-2010 and identifies potential systemic safety issues across multiple NASA centers, particularly in electrical safety, inspection records, and probabilistic risk assessment. Action plans were developed to address these issues and improve safety audit processes.
The document describes a project management toolkit developed by NASA Glenn Research Center to help with space flight projects. The toolkit provides a collection of standardized project planning and management tools accessible through a web portal. It aims to facilitate rigorous and compliant project proposal, planning, execution, and control according to NASA requirements and best practices. The development of the operational toolkit was driven by a strategic goal of delivering project management excellence for successful customer missions.
This document provides an overview of project scheduling from NASA's perspective. It discusses NASA's large, complex projects and the requirements for project scheduling. The presentation covers key project scheduling processes including activity definition, sequencing, duration estimating, schedule development, status accounting, and performance reporting. It provides examples and definitions for these processes. The goal is to give attendees a basic understanding of project scheduling as it relates to NASA projects.
KDP C is an important decision point for NASA projects where the agency decides whether to proceed to implementation and commits to a project's cost and schedule estimates. This panel discusses updated NASA processes to help ensure projects are on track for technical success within budget and schedule by KDP C. These include developing an integrated baseline, independent reviews, and documenting approvals and commitments in a decision memorandum to formalize support and establish external commitments. The integration of baseline development, independent checks, approval to proceed, and commitments is meant to help projects successfully complete implementation.
Key Considerations for a Successful Hyperion Planning ImplementationAlithya
The document provides an overview and recommendations for a successful Hyperion Planning implementation. It discusses key project phases, recommended build techniques including application definition, dimensionality, master data integration, building the planning model, and form and calculation development. It also covers tips for planning design including delineating plan types, defining dimensionality, integrating master data from various sources, and best practices for building forms to ensure performance.
الإتحــــــــــــــــــــــاد الوطني للشبــــــــــاب السوداني
المؤسسة الشبابية لتقانة المعلومات
ورشة صناعة البرمجيات في السودان
الورقة الاولى :
مناهج التعليم وصناعة البرمجيات في السودان
أسامة عبدالوهاب ريس
Here are potential risk management strategies for some key risks:
- Organisational financial problems: Prepare a briefing document for senior management showing how the project is making an important contribution to business goals.
- Recruitment problems: Alert customer to potential difficulties and delays, investigate buying components instead of developing in-house.
- Staff illness: Reorganize team work so there is more overlap and people understand each other's roles.
- Defective components: Replace defective components with reliable bought-in alternatives.
- Requirements changes: Derive traceability information to assess impact and maximize information hiding in design.
- Organizational restructuring: Brief management on project importance to gain high-level support
This document outlines deliverables that may be produced at different phases of a software development project. It lists possible deliverables for phases including concept, requirements, analysis, design, coding and debugging, testing, deployment, and maintenance. For each phase, the document provides brief descriptions of the types of documents or work products that could be delivered, such as requirements specifications, design documents, test plans, code, and user documentation.
The document discusses data warehousing and business intelligence (DW&BI). It describes DW&BI systems as providing decision support, ad-hoc analysis, reporting, OLAP, forecasts, and more. It outlines consulting, analysis, design, implementation, training, and project methodology services. It also discusses Neos' experience implementing DW&BI solutions for financial, telecom, insurance, and other industries.
This document outlines roles and responsibilities for the Midrange team in supporting the ISETS/INvest project. It discusses providing technical support across several areas including applications, servers, security, and integration with other agencies. It emphasizes the importance of experience, training, and acting as a control gate for level 3 support tickets. Charts are included showing the project organization and Midrange's role in the software development lifecycle.
This document discusses leading indicators for systems engineering. It begins by outlining the concepts and motivation behind measuring leading indicators. It then describes a project to develop a set of 13 leading indicators to assess how effectively a program is performing systems engineering. These indicators are defined to provide predictive insights before impacts are realized. The document discusses challenges in implementing and interpreting leading indicators and mapping them to different life cycle phases. It notes that validating leading indicators is difficult as companies are reluctant to share information, and that leading indicators can be dismissed as similar to existing metrics.
This document discusses how to apply systems engineering principles to small, fast-paced projects with limited resources. It recommends tailoring systems engineering processes by deciding in advance how key elements will be addressed rather than questioning if they will be addressed. Checklists from NASA standards can help ensure critical items are considered. Organizational support, collaboration, and focused peer reviews are also important enablers.
Adaptive software development processes epitomized by Agile methodologies are based on continual improvement – incremental changes that emerge as teams iterate and learn about the product they are developing. This appears to conflict with the world of the program office, responsible for defining the software development lifecycle (SDLC), in which a stable and repeatable development process with well-defined ownership and controls is a common objective. Using recent examples in which agile methods have been successfully introduced into large organizations with existing SDLCs, we consider the difficulties of creating a verifiable process when the process itself is continually being modified, and look at how software development can be managed and controlled without stifling the benefits of adaptive software development processes.
The Space and Life Sciences Directorate at NASA Johnson Space Center faced challenges with their configuration control board processes that were labor intensive and not fully compliant with new configuration management standards. They tasked Tietronix to automate the processes using a new process-centric software system called BPSCM. BPSCM streamlined the processes, increased compliance and productivity, and led to rapid adoption across the directorate and other organizations. Within a few years, over 45 boards were using BPSCM, institutionalizing the processes and improving management visibility.
The document discusses systems development life cycle methodology. It describes the SDLC project team, which includes personnel from information systems and business units led by a project manager. The team also includes systems analysts who work closely with end users and managers. The document then outlines the various phases of the SDLC, including definition, construction, implementation, and maintenance phases. It also discusses alternative development approaches like prototyping, rapid application development, and agile software development.
Cisco Systems Case Study: The Architecture Review Process Improving the IT P...Susan Bouchard
Cisco Systems uses an Architecture Review Process (ARP) to evaluate and improve IT investments. The goal is to reduce duplication, increase productivity and deliver value. Key aspects of the ARP include engaging the Partner Architecture Team early in projects to provide technical expertise throughout the lifecycle. Documentation of architecture decisions is improved by providing a common format. Metrics are used to measure impacts such as redundancy eliminated and standards leveraged. Challenges include resource commitment, documentation quality and technology evolution. The action plan focuses on engagement, documentation, metrics and adoption.
Careers In Computer Information Systems 2008-2009Mark Frydenberg
The document summarizes entry-level positions and internships for computer information systems (CIS) majors to consider, including application analyst, business systems analyst, data analyst/report writer, data architect, data modeler, data security analyst/risk analyst, desktop support analyst, e-commerce analyst, electronic data interchange (EDI) specialist, help desk, IT auditor, mainframe systems programmer, network security administrator, quality assurance analyst/tester, software developer, software engineer, technical writer, and web administrator. It provides brief descriptions of the typical responsibilities for each role.
Dnv Improving Your Process Performances With AgileGeorge Ang
This document discusses a presentation given by Yann Hamon of DNV IT Global Services on improving process performances with agile methods. It provides background on DNV, describes agile software development practices like scrum and lean, and how mixing agile and CMMI can provide repeatable and controlled agile processes. The presentation explains how agile benefits productivity, reduces time-to-market and defects, and improves maintainability through practices like iterative development, continuous integration and automated testing.
This document discusses a presentation given by Yann Hamon of DNV IT Global Services on improving process performances with agile methods. It provides background on DNV, describes agile software development practices like scrum and lean, and how mixing agile and CMMI approaches can result in repeatable and controlled agile processes. The presentation outlines how agile methods can improve productivity, reduce time-to-market, lower defects, and enhance maintainability when using practices such as iterative development, continuous integration, and test-driven development.
C S S L P & OWASP 2010 & Web Goat By Surachai.C Publish PresentationWon Ju Jub
The document provides information about Surachai Chatchalermpun's qualifications and an upcoming presentation on secure software development. It includes:
1) Surachai Chatchalermpun's credentials which include a Master's Degree in Management Information Systems and certifications as a Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP) and EC-Council Certified Security Analyst (ECSA).
2) An agenda for the presentation that will discuss challenges in application security today, provide an overview of the CSSLP and Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), demonstrate the WebGoat security training tool, and include a WebGoat lesson.
3) A brief speaker profile for Surachai Ch
The document compares the operational complexity and costs of the Space Shuttle versus the Sea Launch Zenit rocket. [1] The Space Shuttle was designed for performance but not operational efficiency, resulting in costly ground, mission planning, and flight operations. [2] In contrast, the Zenit rocket was designed from the start to have automated and robust processes to keep operations simple and costs low. [3] The key lesson is that designing a launch system with operational requirements in mind from the beginning leads to much more efficient operations long-term.
The document provides an overview of project management and procurement at NASA. It discusses the key skills required for project managers, including acquisition management. It notes that 80-85% of NASA's budget is spent on contracts, and procurement processes are complex and constantly changing. The document outlines some common contract types and how they allocate risk between the government and contractor. It also discusses the relationship between contracting officers and project managers, and how successful procurement requires effective communication rather than direct control or authority.
The document introduces the NASA Engineering Network (NEN), which was created by the Office of the Chief Engineer to be a knowledge management system connecting NASA's engineering community. The NEN integrates various tools like a content management system, search engine, and collaboration tools. It provides access to key knowledge resources like NASA's Lessons Learned database and engineering databases. The NEN is working to expand by adding more communities, engineering disciplines, and knowledge repositories.
Laptops were first used in space in 1983 on the Space Shuttle, when Commander John Young brought the GRiD Compass portable computer on STS-9. Laptops are now widely used on the Space Shuttle and International Space Station for tasks like monitoring spacecraft systems, tracking satellites, inventory management, procedures viewing, and videoconferencing. Managing laptops in space presents challenges around cooling, power, and software/hardware compatibility in the harsh space environment.
Laptops were first used in space in 1983 on the Space Shuttle, when Commander John Young brought the GRiD Compass portable computer on STS-9. Laptops are now widely used on the Space Shuttle and International Space Station for tasks like monitoring spacecraft systems, planning rendezvous and proximity operations, inventory management, procedure reviews, and communication between space and ground via software like WorldMap and DOUG. Managing laptops in space presents challenges around hardware durability, cooling, and software/data management in the space environment.
This document discusses the use of market-based systems to allocate scarce resources for NASA missions and projects. It provides examples of how market-based approaches were used for instrument development for the Cassini mission, manifesting secondary payloads on the space shuttle, and mission planning for the LightSAR Earth imaging satellite project. The document finds that these applications of market-based allocation benefited or could have benefited from a decentralized, incentive-based approach compared to traditional centralized planning methods. However, it notes that resistance to new approaches and loss of managerial control are barriers to adoption of market-based systems.
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1. SE Response to Acquisition Challenges
NASA PM Challenge Workshop
February 24th, 2009
Kristen Baldwin
Deputy Director, Strategic Initiatives (SI)
Systems and Software Engineering
Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense
(Acquisition and Technology)
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 1
2. AT&L Organization
USD, Acquisition
Technology & Logistics
DUSD, Acquisition &
Technology
Dir, Joint Advanced Dir, Systems and Dir, Portfolio Defense Acquisition
Concepts Software Engineering Systems Acquisition University
Defense Procurement Industrial Small Business Defense Contract
and Acquisition Policy Programs Programs Management Agency
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 2
3. System and Software Engineering
(SSE) Vision/ Mission
• Vision: Systems engineering principles and disciplines are fully
accepted and assimilated into the DoD acquisition workforce
positioning the DoD for acquisition excellence leading to a
stronger national defense
• Mission:
– Provide flexible systems engineering acquisition policy, guidance,
and training to the DoD acquisition workforce.
– Foster an acquisition environment of collaboration, teamwork, and
joint ownership of program success through a proactive program
oversight process ensuring appropriate levels of systems
engineering are applied through all phases of program
development.
– Engage all stakeholders across government, industry, and
academia to collectively achieve acquisition excellence.
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 3
4. SSE Responsibilities
• Provide Independent Technical Advice to the USD(AT&L):
– Program Support Reviews and Assessments
– Systemic Analysis of Data Collected across programs
• Acquisition Documentation Authority:
– Systems Engineering Plan (SEP)
– Test and Evaluation Master Plan (TEMP)
– Program Protection Plan (PPP)
• Acquisition Policy and Guidance Leadership:
✫ Systems Engineering ✫ Modeling & Simulation ✫ System Assurance
✫ Test & Evaluation ✫ Energy ✫ Cyber Security
✫ Software Engineering ✫ Safety & HSI ✫ Risk Management
• Defense Acquisition Workforce Career Field Manager:
– Systems Planning Research, Development and Engineering
– Test and Evaluation
– Production Quality Management
• SE Research University Affiliated Research Center Co-Sponsor
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 4
5. Key OSD SE Improvement Areas -
Transcending DoD Acquisition
• System/Software Engineering Integration
– Framework to highlight key process, workforce, and tools to
recognize key role software plays in our systems
• Systems of Systems Engineering
– DoD SoS SE Guide defines core elements of SoS SE, application
of SE processes, and emerging principals
• Integrated Development and Operational Testing
– Realistic DT and shared data to allow early OT insights, and
potential reduction in OT test points
• Manufacturing and Reliability
– Setting reliability growth goals and assessing manufacturing
readiness throughout the lifecycle
• System Assurance and Program Protection
– NDIA Engineering for Assurance Guidebook integrates security &
Systems Engineering to address tampering and network threats
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 5
6. Acquisition Challenges
• Specific Causes of Program Failure as identified in DoD
Systemic Root Cause Analysis findings
We do not start programs right We do not manage programs right
−Insufficient requirements −Insufficient trade space
analysis and definition at −Insufficient risk management
program initiation −Inadequate IMP, IMS, EVMS
−Lack of rigorous SE approach −Most programs lack quantifiable
−Optimistic/realistic reliability entrance/exit criteria
growth – not a priority during −Maturing “suitability” (e.g., RAM)
development is not always a priority
−Inadequate software
architectures, design,
development discipline, and
organizational competencies
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 6
7. Reality and the Opportunity
• Acquisition cost growth over
11 years*:
– Estimation changes:
$201B
– Engineering changes:
$147B
– Schedule changes: $70B
*SAR data FY 1995–2005
With 72% of O&S costs established pre-Milestone A, Systems
Engineering plays a critical role ensuring capabilities are translated
into executable requirements and feasible programs
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 7
8. OSD SE Strategy
• Treat Milestones A/B
Nat’l Research Council
Recommendations
as critical; ensure
completion
• Deliver needed # of
trained SEs Enhanced SE
• Perform pre-MS A analysis; Pre-MS B
include stakeholders
• Implement Component Advancing the
development planning State of SE
through Research
Recommendations*
Systemic Analysis
• Implement Achievable SE Human Capital
Acquisition Strategy and Strategy
Planning
• Enhance Gate Review
Decision Process
• Enhance Staff
Capabilities
*Based on 3700 Program Assessment findings
from 40 Programs Support Reviews
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 8
9. Enhancing Systems Engineering
Engagement with Programs
Early in the Acquisition Lifecycle
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 9
10. New DoD Acquisition Policy:
Increased Focus on Early Acquisition
Early
Acquisition
MS A MS B MS C
JCIDS Process
Materiel Engineering and
Joint CBA ICD Technology Manufacturing Production and
Strategic Concepts Solution Development CDD CPD Deployment O&S
Guidance MDD Analysis Development
Full Rate Production
PDR or PDR CDR Decision Review
Materiel PDR and a report to
Development the MDA or PDR and
Decision (MDD) Post-PDR-Assessment
Competing Decision Point
prototypes
before MS B
• What are the implications of these changes for programs?
• How can systems engineering enable the program during
this early phase?
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 10
11. Why is this challenging?
• Very little experience with current pre-Milestone B SE
activities
– Makes it difficult to know what to ‘adjust’ given changes
• The acquisition guidance is voluminous
– Online resource with over 500 printed pages of information
without hotlinks
• Limited understanding about interdependencies within
the guidance provided to the program from different
perspectives (contracting, costing, etc.)
• For SE to be an effective enabler, we need to
understand the activities, products, and their integration
with the program
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 11
12. PM Challenges
• Early acquisition Program Office and Staff resources
• Preparing a strategy for technology development
• Funding implications (shifting resources from post MS B to
Pre-MS A)
• Contracting strategies for studies, analyses, prototyping
• Early engagement with industry to identify and burn down
risks
• Tailoring procedures to specific domains and/or complexity
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 12
13. Way Ahead
• Conducting workshops with PMs approaching MS A to
help them understand how the new 5000 applies to them
• Updating our Guidebook to include a section describing
how PMs incorporate Systems Engineering
– To augment guidance on what systems engineering is
• Building an Acquisition Guidance Model as a tool to help
integrate program acquisition activities
MDD MS A MS B
PDR
Acquisition
Guidance
AoA
Model
Best viewed as 4’ x 10’ version
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 13
14. Enhanced SE Engagement
MDD MS MS
Business A B
Decisions Agreement
to pursue
a material
solution Selection
of a
preferred
solution
Engineering Preferred
Support System
Analysis Preferred Program
Initiation
Uncertainty
System
Concept Technology
Maturation
And PDR
Prototyping System
Level
P-PDR-A
AoA Specs or PDR
Preliminary CDR
Design Completed
Design
Material Solution Analysis Technology Development
Make acquisition decisions when you have
solid evidence and acceptable risk
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 14
15. Stevens Institute of Technology
Lead University
UARC Program Manager UARC Deputy PM
Dennis Barnabe Sharon Vannucci
drbarnab@nsa.gov sharon.vannucci@osd.mil
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 15
16. The Need
• Current SE methods, processes, tools do not address the breadth,
complexity, and tempo of today’s development environment.
• Although systems engineering is recognized as key to delivering
weapon systems, there is no single body leading the effort to
advance SE methods, processes, and tools (MPTs) to support DoD
challenges…nor funding line.
• There is an inadequate supply of systems engineers experienced
with the breadth and complexity of DoD’s current development
environment.
SER UARC Mission:
SER UARC Mission:
To research and analyze advanced and emerging systems
To research and analyze advanced and emerging systems
engineering practices and relevant technologies to address the full
engineering practices and relevant technologies to address the full
spectrum of DoD and Intelligence systems across the Department
spectrum of DoD and Intelligence systems across the Department
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 16
17. SERC Research Strategy
1. Enterprise Responsiveness: Explore advancements in SE
methods, processes, and tools that are responsive to enterprise
strategic and program-level needs, enabling agility and
responsiveness to change during program conceptualization and
execution as well as strategic choice and assessment.
2. Systems Science and Complexity: Advance systems science
and systems thinking for application to engineering and
management of complex systems and capabilities.
3. Human Capital: Explore future workforce competencies and
approaches to cultivate, educate, and prepare the future SE
workforce.
4. Program and SE Integration: Research the promotion and
integration of SE methods, processes, and tools with program
execution activities.
5. Life Cycle Systems Engineering Processes: Advance system
engineering life cycle technical and management processes.
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 17
18. Far Reaching Benefits
• UARC will address SE research challenges across DoD
and the Federal Government
• Research results (new/improved MPTs) will be shared
across Government and industry to improve SE practice.
• Opportunity for leveraged investment
– Advance the state of Systems Engineering
– Nurture and grow graduate-level systems engineering
academic and research programs
SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE, DUSD(A&T) Slide 18