Backflow with scenario
•
0 likes•245 views
1. The document describes conditions related to backflow from a flare to a biodigester under three scenarios: morning time, day time before backflow, and day time when backflow occurs. 2. In the morning, temperatures are low and biogas flows to the flare with valves and pipes configured to allow flow. 3. During the day before backflow, temperatures rise and biogas production increases, inflating the membrane. 4. When backflow occurs, the membrane lifts suddenly, opening the gas relief pipe and creating suction that pulls flame, air, and biogas back into the digester through the pipe.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Examination of Events that Occur During an Alarm Flood Examination
And Their Impact on Safety and Proper Corrective Action - Global Congress on Process Safety April 2015
Operator errors and what can be done to minimize
Operator errors are a major cause of industrial incidents and cost billions per year. Poor alarm management and operator interface designs can set operators up to make errors. Alarm floods overwhelm operators and dynamic alarm management that accounts for different plant states can reduce alarm rates and time in flood. Faceplates with drop-down menus and multiple open windows increase error risk but direct entry of values into clearly labeled fields reduces errors by 50% while also lowering operator workload and execution times for tasks by over 50%. Redesigning alarm and control systems can help prevent predictable and preventable operator errors.
Design Dissolved Air Floatation Indonesia
The document contains contact information for Sakti Siregar, a water and wastewater engineer located in Bandung, Indonesia, listing his name, location, profession, and email address sakti-siregar@bdg.centrin.net.id repeated over multiple lines.
The Short Path to ISA 18.2 Alarm Management
The document discusses how dynamic alarm management helped reduce alarm floods at a plant. Some key points:
1) Before implementing dynamic alarm management, the plant was experiencing high peak and average alarm rates that often exceeded flood conditions. This caused distractions for operators.
2) Dynamic alarm management introduced conditional alarm logic that suppressed non-critical alarms based on the plant's operating state. This helped control floods and smooth transitions between states.
3) Metrics after implementing dynamic alarm management showed significant reductions in peak rates, average rates, flood conditions, and chattering alarms. The plant was better able to meet ISA 18.2 standards.
How to Make Money with Your Operator Graphics
The operator interface to your control systems is an important part of the of the operators ability to control the plant processes. A well designed graphic that encourages operator response in an accurate and timely way is crucial to the operation and can make money for the plant.
Design basis - PROCESS DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS
The document discusses the importance of establishing a thorough design basis for engineering projects. It states that the design basis sets key parameters that impact all aspects of a project, including costs, safety, and operability. Developing the design basis requires analyzing issues like site conditions, raw materials, products, utilities, storage, and operating philosophy. Getting the design basis right upfront through feasibility studies and analyses prevents costly changes later in the project.
Lessons from Texas City | Michael P. Broadribb, Baker Engineering & Risk Cons...
This document summarizes lessons learned from the 2005 Texas City Refinery explosion that killed 15 people and injured many others. It identifies underlying issues with the refinery's culture, capabilities, and systems that contributed to the accident. These included a lack of emphasis on process safety, poor hazard identification skills, inadequate procedures and oversight, and organizational complexity that hindered communication. The document stresses that barriers like procedures and oversight can have weaknesses if not properly maintained and that major accidents often result from multiple failures. It advocates applying lessons from past incidents and establishing a robust process safety management system with strong leadership, competent workforce, and performance metrics.
Change your board operator to a process control manager
This document discusses state-based control and its benefits over traditional control systems. State-based control recognizes that processes operate in different states, such as running, startup, or shutdown, and the control system should change based on the current process state. This allows the control system to optimize for each state rather than just the running state. Some key benefits of state-based control include improved safety, reduced downtime, increased productivity, knowledge capture from experienced operators, and freeing up operators to manage processes at a higher level.
Recommended
Examination of Events that Occur During an Alarm Flood Examination
And Their Impact on Safety and Proper Corrective Action - Global Congress on Process Safety April 2015
Operator errors and what can be done to minimize
Operator errors are a major cause of industrial incidents and cost billions per year. Poor alarm management and operator interface designs can set operators up to make errors. Alarm floods overwhelm operators and dynamic alarm management that accounts for different plant states can reduce alarm rates and time in flood. Faceplates with drop-down menus and multiple open windows increase error risk but direct entry of values into clearly labeled fields reduces errors by 50% while also lowering operator workload and execution times for tasks by over 50%. Redesigning alarm and control systems can help prevent predictable and preventable operator errors.
Design Dissolved Air Floatation Indonesia
The document contains contact information for Sakti Siregar, a water and wastewater engineer located in Bandung, Indonesia, listing his name, location, profession, and email address sakti-siregar@bdg.centrin.net.id repeated over multiple lines.
The Short Path to ISA 18.2 Alarm Management
The document discusses how dynamic alarm management helped reduce alarm floods at a plant. Some key points:
1) Before implementing dynamic alarm management, the plant was experiencing high peak and average alarm rates that often exceeded flood conditions. This caused distractions for operators.
2) Dynamic alarm management introduced conditional alarm logic that suppressed non-critical alarms based on the plant's operating state. This helped control floods and smooth transitions between states.
3) Metrics after implementing dynamic alarm management showed significant reductions in peak rates, average rates, flood conditions, and chattering alarms. The plant was better able to meet ISA 18.2 standards.
How to Make Money with Your Operator Graphics
The operator interface to your control systems is an important part of the of the operators ability to control the plant processes. A well designed graphic that encourages operator response in an accurate and timely way is crucial to the operation and can make money for the plant.
Design basis - PROCESS DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS
The document discusses the importance of establishing a thorough design basis for engineering projects. It states that the design basis sets key parameters that impact all aspects of a project, including costs, safety, and operability. Developing the design basis requires analyzing issues like site conditions, raw materials, products, utilities, storage, and operating philosophy. Getting the design basis right upfront through feasibility studies and analyses prevents costly changes later in the project.
Lessons from Texas City | Michael P. Broadribb, Baker Engineering & Risk Cons...
This document summarizes lessons learned from the 2005 Texas City Refinery explosion that killed 15 people and injured many others. It identifies underlying issues with the refinery's culture, capabilities, and systems that contributed to the accident. These included a lack of emphasis on process safety, poor hazard identification skills, inadequate procedures and oversight, and organizational complexity that hindered communication. The document stresses that barriers like procedures and oversight can have weaknesses if not properly maintained and that major accidents often result from multiple failures. It advocates applying lessons from past incidents and establishing a robust process safety management system with strong leadership, competent workforce, and performance metrics.
Change your board operator to a process control manager
This document discusses state-based control and its benefits over traditional control systems. State-based control recognizes that processes operate in different states, such as running, startup, or shutdown, and the control system should change based on the current process state. This allows the control system to optimize for each state rather than just the running state. Some key benefits of state-based control include improved safety, reduced downtime, increased productivity, knowledge capture from experienced operators, and freeing up operators to manage processes at a higher level.
Texas oil refinary explosion
An explosion occurred at a British Petroleum oil refinery in Texas in 2005, killing 15 people and injuring 170. The explosion was caused by a buildup of hydrocarbon vapors from a malfunctioning isomerization process unit. An investigation found that safety systems had deficiencies, procedures were not followed, and organizational weaknesses like inadequate training and a culture of noncompliance contributed to the accident. The explosion resulted in OSHA fines against BP and lawsuits from victims' families.
Common misconceptions and pitfalls in alarm management
The document discusses common misconceptions and pitfalls in alarm management. It emphasizes that the goal of alarm management is quality alarms that clearly indicate abnormal process conditions requiring operator action, rather than just reducing alarm counts. Common issues discussed include making alarm count reduction the sole goal, not considering consequences of ignoring alarms, alarming normal events, unclear alarm messages, and overreliance on metrics. The document stresses the importance of taking a holistic approach to alarm management with focus on the operator's needs.
Alarm Rationalization Workshop - Tips, Tricks and Traps
Darwin Logerot of ProSys presented an Alarm Rationalization Workshop - Tips, Tricks and Tracks at ISA Automation Week 2012 Contact us at prosys.com or 225-291-9591 x225 if you have any questions.
Case Study: Column Relief Study
Flex Process undertook a detail dynamic modelling study of a refinery distillation column which had undergone some unexpected process disruptions. Using Dynsim, we were able to identify the cause of previously unexplained events, and provide recommendations to ensure safe operation in the future.
Plan Design Enable WS Atkins plc
The Atkins Group is performing well financially. It has around 18,000 staff working globally, with its largest markets being the UK and North America. Atkins provides engineering, design, project management and consulting services across multiple sectors such as transportation, water, environment and energy. It has a strategy of focusing on high-quality services while expanding into new markets and sectors with significant growth potential like mass transit, nuclear and renewables.
Novec 1230
The document discusses the design of Novec 1230 gas fire suppression systems for a library and store/pharmacy in a hospital. It includes calculations to determine the hazard volumes, required agent quantities, number and sizes of cylinders, pipe sizes, and pressure venting requirements. Design layouts are also provided. The key advantages of using Novec 1230 are highlighted as protecting the environment and valuable/irreplaceable items without causing damage like traditional agents.
Pressure Relief valve sizing and design
Safety is the most important factor in designing a process system. Some undesired conditions might happen leading to damage in a system. Control systems might be installed to prevent such conditions, but a second safety device is also needed. One kind of safety device which is commonly used in the processing industry is the relief valve. A relief valve is a type of valve to control or limit the pressure in a system by allowing the pressurised fluid to flow out from the system.
Pressure safety valves
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It discusses important terminologies, types of PSVs, sizing basis, applicable standards, and the early sizing procedure. The procedure involves selecting possible orifice areas to meet capacity requirements. The objectives of early sizing are to remove holds in piping and instrumentation diagrams and allow early release of piping designs. The document also discusses inter-discipline interfaces, lessons learned, and quality management system documents related to PSV sizing.
Lessons learned in implementing a QRA capability - Egan Naidoo
The APM Risk SIG presented a Quantitative Risk Analysis event that provided perspectives across the project stakeholder spectrum, from client decision-makers to risk analysts and consultants.
QRA throughout the project lifecycle - Val Jonas, Risk Decisions
The APM Risk SIG presented a Quantitative Risk Analysis event on 11th February 2016 that provided perspectives across the project stakeholder spectrum, from client decision-makers to risk analysts and consultants.
Systems engineering for project managers - what you need to know
1. Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary approach that focuses on designing and managing complex systems as a whole rather than individual parts. It involves considering all aspects of a problem and relating technical and social factors.
2. A system is made up of interacting elements that work together to achieve specific purposes. Systems engineering is concerned with both the internal structure of a system's components and interactions, as well as a system's external relationships.
3. There are many common misconceptions about systems engineering, but it provides value through a holistic, big-picture thinking style and enabling complex problems to be addressed and transformations delivered through the life of a project.
Retort pouch packaging
Retort packaging - Definition, advantages, material and its properties required, retort-working and types, retort packaging system.
Retort Processing and Equipment's for it
The document discusses retort packaging and processing. It defines sterilization and describes the key components of retort packaging including retorts, retort pouches, and retort operations. It discusses the different types of retorts and retort pouches as well as the materials used to construct retort pouches. The document also summarizes the advantages of retort packaging and some common products packaged using this method.
HTR Lab - Exp-02a - G-A2.pdf
This lab report summarizes an experiment conducted to calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient in a shell and tube heat exchanger with uniflow configuration. Temperature and flow rate data was collected for the hot and cold fluids. The average temperature difference and heat transfer rate were calculated. The overall heat transfer coefficient was determined to be 1285.8 W/m2.K.
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
The document discusses food sterilization and preservation through heat processing. It describes sterilization as using high heat to destroy microbes and enzymes, giving foods a shelf life over 6 months. The factors that influence sterilization time include heat resistance of microbes, heating conditions, food acidity, and container size. Proper sterilization requires knowledge of microbe concentrations and heat resistance. Microbe death through heat follows a logarithmic order and can be measured using D-values and Z-values. Different container types and the rate of heat penetration must also be considered for effective sterilization.
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
The document discusses food sterilization and preservation through heat processing. It describes sterilization as using high heat to destroy microbes and enzymes, giving foods a shelf life over 6 months. The factors that influence sterilization time include heat resistance of microbes, heating conditions, food acidity, and container size. Proper sterilization requires knowledge of microbe concentrations and heat resistance. Microbe death through heat follows a logarithmic order and can be measured using D-values and Z-values. Different container types and the rate of heat penetration must also be considered for effective sterilization.
Catalyst Catastrophes in Syngas Production - I
Catalyst Catastrophes in Syngas Production - I
The Hazards
Review incidents by reactor
Purification….
Through the various unit operations to
Ammonia synthesis
Nickel Carbonyl
Pre-reduced catalysts
Discharging catalysts
Conclusion
Coking
There are two types of coking processes: delayed coking and fluidized-bed coking. Delayed coking involves heating feedstock in drums to allow cracking reactions to complete over a long residence time, producing coke as a byproduct. Fluidized-bed coking is continuous and spray-feeds pitch into a bed of hot coke particles at higher temperatures and pressures than delayed coking, resulting in more liquid products and less coke yield.
Freeze drying
Freeze drying, also known as lyophilization, is a process used to preserve food by removing water from it after freezing. It works by freezing the food, lowering pressure, and slightly increasing temperature to allow the frozen water in the food to sublimate directly from solid to gas. This preserves the food's structure, biological and chemical properties better than conventional drying. Freeze drying is a multi-stage process involving freezing, sublimation drying, and desorption drying. It results in food that can be stored for long periods without spoiling and rehydrates easily. While it maintains high nutrient and sensory qualities, freeze drying is an energy-intensive process with high initial equipment costs.
Anaerobic Process For Cdm Project
The document discusses anaerobic and aerobic wastewater treatment processes. Anaerobic processes are suitable for treating high-strength wastewater and produce biogas, but require closed equipment. Aerobic processes are widely used, can treat lower concentrations, and produce high-quality effluent but require more space and energy for aeration. Both processes have advantages and disadvantages for wastewater treatment.
Biogas Flammability Sakti Siregar
This document discusses biogas flammability. It provides a plot showing the operating range for biogas flares given typical biogas concentrations and desired temperatures. Biogas flares usually operate at methane concentrations above 50% with an excess air to biogas ratio of 10-15 volumes of air to biogas. This ratio of air is used to both oxidize the biogas and cool the flame while also promoting turbulence and mixing within the burn. Once the basic air requirement is determined, other parameters like exhaust gas flow rate and exit velocity can be calculated based on the principal combustion reaction. The height of the flare is determined empirically and used to derive the retention time at the design temperature.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Texas oil refinary explosion
An explosion occurred at a British Petroleum oil refinery in Texas in 2005, killing 15 people and injuring 170. The explosion was caused by a buildup of hydrocarbon vapors from a malfunctioning isomerization process unit. An investigation found that safety systems had deficiencies, procedures were not followed, and organizational weaknesses like inadequate training and a culture of noncompliance contributed to the accident. The explosion resulted in OSHA fines against BP and lawsuits from victims' families.
Common misconceptions and pitfalls in alarm management
The document discusses common misconceptions and pitfalls in alarm management. It emphasizes that the goal of alarm management is quality alarms that clearly indicate abnormal process conditions requiring operator action, rather than just reducing alarm counts. Common issues discussed include making alarm count reduction the sole goal, not considering consequences of ignoring alarms, alarming normal events, unclear alarm messages, and overreliance on metrics. The document stresses the importance of taking a holistic approach to alarm management with focus on the operator's needs.
Alarm Rationalization Workshop - Tips, Tricks and Traps
Darwin Logerot of ProSys presented an Alarm Rationalization Workshop - Tips, Tricks and Tracks at ISA Automation Week 2012 Contact us at prosys.com or 225-291-9591 x225 if you have any questions.
Case Study: Column Relief Study
Flex Process undertook a detail dynamic modelling study of a refinery distillation column which had undergone some unexpected process disruptions. Using Dynsim, we were able to identify the cause of previously unexplained events, and provide recommendations to ensure safe operation in the future.
Plan Design Enable WS Atkins plc
The Atkins Group is performing well financially. It has around 18,000 staff working globally, with its largest markets being the UK and North America. Atkins provides engineering, design, project management and consulting services across multiple sectors such as transportation, water, environment and energy. It has a strategy of focusing on high-quality services while expanding into new markets and sectors with significant growth potential like mass transit, nuclear and renewables.
Novec 1230
The document discusses the design of Novec 1230 gas fire suppression systems for a library and store/pharmacy in a hospital. It includes calculations to determine the hazard volumes, required agent quantities, number and sizes of cylinders, pipe sizes, and pressure venting requirements. Design layouts are also provided. The key advantages of using Novec 1230 are highlighted as protecting the environment and valuable/irreplaceable items without causing damage like traditional agents.
Pressure Relief valve sizing and design
Safety is the most important factor in designing a process system. Some undesired conditions might happen leading to damage in a system. Control systems might be installed to prevent such conditions, but a second safety device is also needed. One kind of safety device which is commonly used in the processing industry is the relief valve. A relief valve is a type of valve to control or limit the pressure in a system by allowing the pressurised fluid to flow out from the system.
Pressure safety valves
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It discusses important terminologies, types of PSVs, sizing basis, applicable standards, and the early sizing procedure. The procedure involves selecting possible orifice areas to meet capacity requirements. The objectives of early sizing are to remove holds in piping and instrumentation diagrams and allow early release of piping designs. The document also discusses inter-discipline interfaces, lessons learned, and quality management system documents related to PSV sizing.
Lessons learned in implementing a QRA capability - Egan Naidoo
The APM Risk SIG presented a Quantitative Risk Analysis event that provided perspectives across the project stakeholder spectrum, from client decision-makers to risk analysts and consultants.
QRA throughout the project lifecycle - Val Jonas, Risk Decisions
The APM Risk SIG presented a Quantitative Risk Analysis event on 11th February 2016 that provided perspectives across the project stakeholder spectrum, from client decision-makers to risk analysts and consultants.
Systems engineering for project managers - what you need to know
1. Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary approach that focuses on designing and managing complex systems as a whole rather than individual parts. It involves considering all aspects of a problem and relating technical and social factors.
2. A system is made up of interacting elements that work together to achieve specific purposes. Systems engineering is concerned with both the internal structure of a system's components and interactions, as well as a system's external relationships.
3. There are many common misconceptions about systems engineering, but it provides value through a holistic, big-picture thinking style and enabling complex problems to be addressed and transformations delivered through the life of a project.
Viewers also liked (11)
Common misconceptions and pitfalls in alarm management
Common misconceptions and pitfalls in alarm management
Alarm Rationalization Workshop - Tips, Tricks and Traps
Alarm Rationalization Workshop - Tips, Tricks and Traps
Lessons learned in implementing a QRA capability - Egan Naidoo
Lessons learned in implementing a QRA capability - Egan Naidoo
QRA throughout the project lifecycle - Val Jonas, Risk Decisions
QRA throughout the project lifecycle - Val Jonas, Risk Decisions
Systems engineering for project managers - what you need to know
Systems engineering for project managers - what you need to know
Similar to Backflow with scenario
Retort pouch packaging
Retort packaging - Definition, advantages, material and its properties required, retort-working and types, retort packaging system.
Retort Processing and Equipment's for it
The document discusses retort packaging and processing. It defines sterilization and describes the key components of retort packaging including retorts, retort pouches, and retort operations. It discusses the different types of retorts and retort pouches as well as the materials used to construct retort pouches. The document also summarizes the advantages of retort packaging and some common products packaged using this method.
HTR Lab - Exp-02a - G-A2.pdf
This lab report summarizes an experiment conducted to calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient in a shell and tube heat exchanger with uniflow configuration. Temperature and flow rate data was collected for the hot and cold fluids. The average temperature difference and heat transfer rate were calculated. The overall heat transfer coefficient was determined to be 1285.8 W/m2.K.
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
The document discusses food sterilization and preservation through heat processing. It describes sterilization as using high heat to destroy microbes and enzymes, giving foods a shelf life over 6 months. The factors that influence sterilization time include heat resistance of microbes, heating conditions, food acidity, and container size. Proper sterilization requires knowledge of microbe concentrations and heat resistance. Microbe death through heat follows a logarithmic order and can be measured using D-values and Z-values. Different container types and the rate of heat penetration must also be considered for effective sterilization.
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
The document discusses food sterilization and preservation through heat processing. It describes sterilization as using high heat to destroy microbes and enzymes, giving foods a shelf life over 6 months. The factors that influence sterilization time include heat resistance of microbes, heating conditions, food acidity, and container size. Proper sterilization requires knowledge of microbe concentrations and heat resistance. Microbe death through heat follows a logarithmic order and can be measured using D-values and Z-values. Different container types and the rate of heat penetration must also be considered for effective sterilization.
Catalyst Catastrophes in Syngas Production - I
Catalyst Catastrophes in Syngas Production - I
The Hazards
Review incidents by reactor
Purification….
Through the various unit operations to
Ammonia synthesis
Nickel Carbonyl
Pre-reduced catalysts
Discharging catalysts
Conclusion
Coking
There are two types of coking processes: delayed coking and fluidized-bed coking. Delayed coking involves heating feedstock in drums to allow cracking reactions to complete over a long residence time, producing coke as a byproduct. Fluidized-bed coking is continuous and spray-feeds pitch into a bed of hot coke particles at higher temperatures and pressures than delayed coking, resulting in more liquid products and less coke yield.
Freeze drying
Freeze drying, also known as lyophilization, is a process used to preserve food by removing water from it after freezing. It works by freezing the food, lowering pressure, and slightly increasing temperature to allow the frozen water in the food to sublimate directly from solid to gas. This preserves the food's structure, biological and chemical properties better than conventional drying. Freeze drying is a multi-stage process involving freezing, sublimation drying, and desorption drying. It results in food that can be stored for long periods without spoiling and rehydrates easily. While it maintains high nutrient and sensory qualities, freeze drying is an energy-intensive process with high initial equipment costs.
Similar to Backflow with scenario (8)
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
Food Processing and preservation 3 - Sterilization.pdf
More from sakti_siregar
Anaerobic Process For Cdm Project
The document discusses anaerobic and aerobic wastewater treatment processes. Anaerobic processes are suitable for treating high-strength wastewater and produce biogas, but require closed equipment. Aerobic processes are widely used, can treat lower concentrations, and produce high-quality effluent but require more space and energy for aeration. Both processes have advantages and disadvantages for wastewater treatment.
Biogas Flammability Sakti Siregar
This document discusses biogas flammability. It provides a plot showing the operating range for biogas flares given typical biogas concentrations and desired temperatures. Biogas flares usually operate at methane concentrations above 50% with an excess air to biogas ratio of 10-15 volumes of air to biogas. This ratio of air is used to both oxidize the biogas and cool the flame while also promoting turbulence and mixing within the burn. Once the basic air requirement is determined, other parameters like exhaust gas flow rate and exit velocity can be calculated based on the principal combustion reaction. The height of the flare is determined empirically and used to derive the retention time at the design temperature.
Daf 60 M3
The document provides details about a 60 cubic meter per hour Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) unit for a wastewater treatment plant in East Java, Indonesia. The DAF unit consists of a stainless steel tank and a galvanized recycle skid containing recycle and control equipment. Key components of the tank include a surface scraper, wipers, and drive motor. The recycle skid houses a recycle pump, air saturation vessel, control valves, and electrical panels.
Osec
The document discusses a proposed chlorine generator system for a water treatment plant in Cirebon, Indonesia. It details:
1) The plant's current chlorine consumption of 371.5 kg per day which costs over $137,000 annually using chlorine bottles.
2) The design of an On-Site Electrolysis Chlorine generator system using an OSEC B4-200 unit capable of producing 15.5 kg/h of chlorine to meet the plant's needs.
3) An estimated budget price of 210,000 British pounds for the OSEC system components including an electrolyzer, control panel, product tank, and dosing pumps.
Recycling Water Opportunity W O Attachment
This document discusses opportunities for recycling water treatment plants in various industrial estates throughout Indonesia. It provides an overview of current water and wastewater facilities, as well as a proposed scheme to implement recycling water treatment. Tables list industrial estates and relevant details like location, water source, existing wastewater treatment capacity, estimated capacity for a recycling water treatment plant, and estimated costs. Common water treatment and recycling processes are also outlined.
More from sakti_siregar (7)
Backflow with scenario
- 1. 1 Backflow from Flare to Biodigester
- 2. 2 Condition # 1 : Morning Time HDPE baffle sludge layer mixer Biogas flow to flare T1 T3 T2 Morning time, T1 = T2, T3 depend on Temp from POME 1. Flare ON 2. Dampener OPEN 3. Biogas valve OPEN 4. Gas relief pipe CLOSE ( lock by water )
- 3. 3 Condition # 2 : Day Time before backflow HDPE baffle sludge layer mixer Biogas flow to flare T1 T3 T2 Day time, T2 = 60 deg C, T1 = 35 deg C, T3 depend on Temp from POME 1. Flare ON 2. Dampener OPEN 3. Biogas valve OPEN 4. Gas relief pipe CLOSE ( lock by water ) 5. Membrane will start inflate due to biogas production is higher during mill operation and expansion from temperature increament
- 4. 4 Condition # 3 : Day Time when Backflow happen HDPE baffle sludge layer mixer Biogas + air + flame suck to digester T1 T3 T2 Day time, T2 = 60 deg C, T1 = 35 deg C, T3 depend on Temp from POME 1. Flare ON 2. Dampener OPEN 3. Biogas valve OPEN 4. Gas relief pipeOPEN ( when membrane lift up suddently ) 5. Membrane will lift up some of gas relief pipe. Most of biogas will release from this pipe and make a vacuum effect to flame and air on flare area. This is when the flowback (back pressure) started. The flow to biodigester is stuck in demister because of fill media and an equilibrium between the pressure and then BOOM