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Business Analyst Conference
Saturday, July 17, 2010




                                           Julen C Mohanty
                              Citigroup Technology Services




 Requirement Traceability
Table of Content

    What is Traceability Matrix
    Components of Requirement
    How to Trace
    Traceability Matrix Example
    Why is it Required
    The Myth




  7/17/2010                        BA Conference   2
What is Traceability Matrix

      A Traceability Matrix is a document, usually in the form of a table, that
      correlates any two baselined documents that require a many to many
   relationship to determine the completeness of the relationship. -         WIKI



      I would say: Traceability Matrix is a document, where we would like to
         be able to trace back and forth how and where any work product
              fulfills the directions of the preceding (source) product.




                                                                           Contd..



  7/17/2010                          BA Conference                                   3
What is Traceability Matrix
                                                        User
                                      Functional        Rqmt           Business
                                        Rqmt                            Rqmt
                                                                                   Test
                                                                                  Rqmt
              Contextual links between the various Requirements
                                      &
               Relationship between Work Products developed CODE
                                                                                   Test
                                                                 TDD               Plan
                                               BRD
                                                      FRD           Test
                  Effective Implementation and Verification of     Cases
                                 Requirements




  7/17/2010                           BA Conference                                       4
Components of Software Requirements
            Business
          Requirements


    Vision & Scope Document


                  User                                        Quality
              Requirements                                   Attributes

                                                                          Nonfunctional
                    Use Case Document                                     Requirements

                               Functional                                                 Constraints
                              Requirements
        System
     Requirements

                                                         Software Requirement Specification



  7/17/2010                                  BA Conference                                         5
How to Trace
 • Has at least one to one relationship
 • Makes relationship between requirements & within requirements
 • Document the functions next to each of the Requirements they are related to
 • Same way Tech Design next to each functions and that’s how till
    implementation
 • Customer can give inputs when things are ambiguous.




  7/17/2010                         BA Conference                           6
Traceability Matrix - Example
                    Requirement Traceability Matrix


        Project
         Name:
     Project ID:

  Project Team:


  Requirement                         BRD      FRD      TDD    Dev Test Plan   UAT
                   Description
   Category                         Sections Sections Sections   Sections    Sections




                                 Level 1


  7/17/2010                           BA Conference                                     7
Traceability Matrix - Example

                                                                   Develop
         Requirements          Functions              Design        ment           Testing
                                                             Datab Develop
Business Technical User                                                     Unit
                                    Sub                       se    ment
Require Requirem Require   Func.                   LLD HLD                 Testin SIT UAT
                                   Func.                     Desig module
 ment      ents    ments                                                     g
                                                               n     No.




                                   Level 2


     7/17/2010                             BA Conference                                     8
Traceability Matrix - Example
REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX                                                           REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX
Project
                                                                                           Project Name:
Name:
National
                                                                                           National Center:
Center:
Project
                                                                                           Project Manager
Manager
                                                                                           Name:
Name:
Project                                                                                    Project
Descriptio                                                                                 Descriptio
n:                                                                                         n:
              Technical
      Ass                                           Architectural/                  System            Test
            Assumption(s)    Functional                               Technical            Software         Tested Implement Verificati   Additional
  ID oc                                   Status       Design                      Compone            Case
           and/ or Customer Requirement                              Specification         Module(s)          In     ed In      on        Comments
        ID                                           Document                        nt(s)           Number
                Need(s)
 001 1.1.1
 002 2.2.2
 003 3.3.3
 004 4.4.4
 005 5.5.5
 006




                                                   Level 3 – Working

                                 Attached Template for use, by Audience




        7/17/2010                                               BA Conference                                                               9
Why to use Traceability Matrix
 • Has relationship back & forth from Requirement to Implementation
 • Makes relationship between requirements & within requirements
 • Traces back a function to it’s requirements, or technical design to it’s function, or
    even a code to it’s technical design/ function / requirement
 • Can check whether any requirement has at least one design solution and by
    checking the solution(s) you may see whether the requirement is sufficiently
    solved by this (or the set of) connected design(s)
 • If you have to change any requirement, you can see which designs are affected.
    And if you change any design, you can check which requirements may be affected
    and see what the impact is.
 • Identify those areas with a higher number of defects and analyze the root causes
                                                                                    Contd..



  7/17/2010                               BA Conference                                       10
Why to use Traceability Matrix
 • In a Design-Code Traceability Matrix you can do the same to keep track of how
    and which code solves a particular design and how changes in design or code
    affect each other.
            Take e.g. the Requirement of UserFriendliness (UF).

 • If a design solution does not solve any requirement, it should be deleted, as it is
    of no value
 • It shows has the system been adequately tested
 • It helps to minimize scope creep
 • Customer requirements through development and testing verifies that the
    customer requirements are implemented and tested
 • Most important : It says things that can be reused
 • It’s a Six Sigma project management matrix table


  7/17/2010                              BA Conference                                   11
Previous Stage v/s Current Stage
 Previous Stage

 •   Traceability is just to check required Capabilities
 •   Check system Capabilities
 •   Mere Exercise in Thoroughness & Completeness in project
 •   To show the delivered features & functionalities
 •   Sometime as just Customer asks

 Current Stage
 •   Advent of Requirement Management tools it has helped support project management
 •   Helps in Impact Analysis
 •   Takes care of change management
 •   Easy to handle Defect management
 •   Process improvement substantially
 •   Effective team communication
 •   Better Project Control
 •   Assured quality

  7/17/2010                            BA Conference                            12
Summary



       Traceability is “the ability to follow the life of a requirement, in both
        forwards and backwards direction, i.e., from its origins, through its
        development and specification, to its subsequent deployment and
        use, and go through periods of ongoing refinement and iteration in
                                any of these phases”.




 7/17/2010                             BA Conference                               13
The Myth

             Do your duty to the best of your ability, result will
                           automatically follow.




     You may be doing your duty to the best of your ability, but without proper
              direction it maybe of no use. Use traceability Matrix…




 7/17/2010                          BA Conference                             14
Thank You

       julenmohanty@gmail.com

       www.twitter.com/julenmohanty

       Julen C Mohanty
       www.linkedin.com/in/julenmohanty




7/17/2010                             BA Conference   15

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BA conf presentation 2010

  • 1. Business Analyst Conference Saturday, July 17, 2010 Julen C Mohanty Citigroup Technology Services Requirement Traceability
  • 2. Table of Content  What is Traceability Matrix  Components of Requirement  How to Trace  Traceability Matrix Example  Why is it Required  The Myth 7/17/2010 BA Conference 2
  • 3. What is Traceability Matrix A Traceability Matrix is a document, usually in the form of a table, that correlates any two baselined documents that require a many to many relationship to determine the completeness of the relationship. - WIKI I would say: Traceability Matrix is a document, where we would like to be able to trace back and forth how and where any work product fulfills the directions of the preceding (source) product. Contd.. 7/17/2010 BA Conference 3
  • 4. What is Traceability Matrix User Functional Rqmt Business Rqmt Rqmt Test Rqmt Contextual links between the various Requirements & Relationship between Work Products developed CODE Test TDD Plan BRD FRD Test Effective Implementation and Verification of Cases Requirements 7/17/2010 BA Conference 4
  • 5. Components of Software Requirements Business Requirements Vision & Scope Document User Quality Requirements Attributes Nonfunctional Use Case Document Requirements Functional Constraints Requirements System Requirements Software Requirement Specification 7/17/2010 BA Conference 5
  • 6. How to Trace • Has at least one to one relationship • Makes relationship between requirements & within requirements • Document the functions next to each of the Requirements they are related to • Same way Tech Design next to each functions and that’s how till implementation • Customer can give inputs when things are ambiguous. 7/17/2010 BA Conference 6
  • 7. Traceability Matrix - Example Requirement Traceability Matrix Project Name: Project ID: Project Team: Requirement BRD FRD TDD Dev Test Plan UAT Description Category Sections Sections Sections Sections Sections Level 1 7/17/2010 BA Conference 7
  • 8. Traceability Matrix - Example Develop Requirements Functions Design ment Testing Datab Develop Business Technical User Unit Sub se ment Require Requirem Require Func. LLD HLD Testin SIT UAT Func. Desig module ment ents ments g n No. Level 2 7/17/2010 BA Conference 8
  • 9. Traceability Matrix - Example REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX Project Project Name: Name: National National Center: Center: Project Project Manager Manager Name: Name: Project Project Descriptio Descriptio n: n: Technical Ass Architectural/ System Test Assumption(s) Functional Technical Software Tested Implement Verificati Additional ID oc Status Design Compone Case and/ or Customer Requirement Specification Module(s) In ed In on Comments ID Document nt(s) Number Need(s) 001 1.1.1 002 2.2.2 003 3.3.3 004 4.4.4 005 5.5.5 006 Level 3 – Working Attached Template for use, by Audience 7/17/2010 BA Conference 9
  • 10. Why to use Traceability Matrix • Has relationship back & forth from Requirement to Implementation • Makes relationship between requirements & within requirements • Traces back a function to it’s requirements, or technical design to it’s function, or even a code to it’s technical design/ function / requirement • Can check whether any requirement has at least one design solution and by checking the solution(s) you may see whether the requirement is sufficiently solved by this (or the set of) connected design(s) • If you have to change any requirement, you can see which designs are affected. And if you change any design, you can check which requirements may be affected and see what the impact is. • Identify those areas with a higher number of defects and analyze the root causes Contd.. 7/17/2010 BA Conference 10
  • 11. Why to use Traceability Matrix • In a Design-Code Traceability Matrix you can do the same to keep track of how and which code solves a particular design and how changes in design or code affect each other. Take e.g. the Requirement of UserFriendliness (UF). • If a design solution does not solve any requirement, it should be deleted, as it is of no value • It shows has the system been adequately tested • It helps to minimize scope creep • Customer requirements through development and testing verifies that the customer requirements are implemented and tested • Most important : It says things that can be reused • It’s a Six Sigma project management matrix table 7/17/2010 BA Conference 11
  • 12. Previous Stage v/s Current Stage Previous Stage • Traceability is just to check required Capabilities • Check system Capabilities • Mere Exercise in Thoroughness & Completeness in project • To show the delivered features & functionalities • Sometime as just Customer asks Current Stage • Advent of Requirement Management tools it has helped support project management • Helps in Impact Analysis • Takes care of change management • Easy to handle Defect management • Process improvement substantially • Effective team communication • Better Project Control • Assured quality 7/17/2010 BA Conference 12
  • 13. Summary Traceability is “the ability to follow the life of a requirement, in both forwards and backwards direction, i.e., from its origins, through its development and specification, to its subsequent deployment and use, and go through periods of ongoing refinement and iteration in any of these phases”. 7/17/2010 BA Conference 13
  • 14. The Myth Do your duty to the best of your ability, result will automatically follow. You may be doing your duty to the best of your ability, but without proper direction it maybe of no use. Use traceability Matrix… 7/17/2010 BA Conference 14
  • 15. Thank You julenmohanty@gmail.com www.twitter.com/julenmohanty Julen C Mohanty www.linkedin.com/in/julenmohanty 7/17/2010 BA Conference 15