4. Why do the students appear to be non-
participative and not learning
effectively?
What can be done to increase student
participation and effective learning?
5. As a teacher, it is important to…
1. Create a safe and positive classroom
environment
2. Plan lessons with student learning processes
in mind
3. Engage in objective post-lesson reflection
6. As a teacher, it is important to create a
safe and positive classroom
environment.
Classical
Conditioning
Operant
Conditioning
7. Why are the students so reluctant,
anxious and fearful to participate in Ms
Rita’s class?
How does this affect learning?
What can be done to remedy this
problem?
11. Initially Neutral Stimulus
becomes a Conditioned
Stimulus
Evokes a Conditioned
Response
Student participation decreases as it is associated
with embarrassment and teacher disapproval.
Participation is an important part of effective
learning.
12. Removing negative associations and
creating more positive associations will
increase student participation and
therefore, learning.
15. Increasing positive reinforcement and
decreasing punishment will increase
student participation, which will increase
learning.
Decreasing
punishment
Increasing
positive
reinforcement
1. Do not humiliate or show obvious
disapproval in response to student
answers.
1. Use cues, prompts and praise.
2. Create a behavioural contract for
both students and teachers.
