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An Indigenous Management Of Cancer.
     Introduction-
             The term ‘CANCER’ derives from the latin word cancer and the Greek
     word Karkinus’both meaning crab. There is a worldwide increase in the incidence
     of cancer,9%of all deaths in the developing countries are attributed to various types
     of cancers and it is the second leading cause of death after cardio vascular
     disease.Whereas in the developing countries it is the fourth leading cause of
     mortality.The studies conducted in various parts of the country show high incidence
     of gastro-intestinal and respiratory systeem in males whereas cancer of cervix and
     breast in females.
             In Ayurvedic Classics, AcharyaShushruta has described similar observations
     and symptomatology but under different nomenculture like Arbuda ’Granthi’
     AsadhyaVrana’Gluma etc.Whereas Acharya Vagbhata has not given any other
     definition than this.On the other hand has described it as Arbuda and Granthi are
     the same
           The aim of this research paper is therefore on one hand to identify and classify
     such diseases which are described in Ayurveda and may be considered as cancer.On
     the other hand efforts are also been needed to explore the use of certain Ayurvedic
     Concepts modalities of treatment and to find out drugs which could be effective and
     non-toxic to other normal cells of the body.

     Concept of managment-
     According to Ayurveda it can be classified as follows-
     A)Systemic
     B)Local
     A)Systemic manegment-
     i)Samshodhan Chikitsa
     ii)Shamana Chikitsa
     iii)Rasayana Chikitsa
     I)Samshodhana Chikitsa may be divided into three groups like i)medical
     ii)Paramedical
     iii)Surgical
II)Shaman Chikitsa- means to achieve the level of Dosha
        samyvastha(equilibrium).Alep(applying paste),Parishek(Shower of medicated
        decoction), Abyangam(Oil massage), Sweda(fomentation),Pachan(the therapy
        which digest uncooked foodstuff),Deepana(carminative)
III)Rasayana Chikitsa(Rejuvenative)-Restoration and preservation of the strength of the
        body by acting at the level of Digestion and metabolism, increasing the nutritional
        quality of Rasa dhatu(Nutritive plasma)
             Ayurvedic poorva karma i.e Snehan (internal oleation) proven helpful
     especially in curing hazards like nausea,loss of apetite,weight
     loss,anaemia,discolouration of skin, falling of hairs, followed by high incidence of
     mortality e.g. Triphala ghrita is helpful in this regard before starting chemotherapy.
     (Ayurvedic management of cancer by Dr. B.L.Prasad 1986, IMS,BHU,Varanasi)
The use of Chandanbalalakshadi tail for external oleation (oil massage) and
for internal oleation Padamakadi Ghrita are proven to be helpful for the side
effects of Radiation(Dr.Kulkarni at al,Ahwasana-II by B.S.D.T’s Cancer Research
centre,Wagholi).
        Thus poorva karma are heipful not only prolonging the span of life of cancer
patients rather at the same time it is more effective in minimizing various hazards of
anticancer treatment modalities by stimulating the self defence mechanism.the
Rasayana drug(Rejuvenative) which may helpful
         1.Amrita Bhallataka
        2.Brahma Rasayana
        Powder Form-Narsingh Choorna
        Herbo-minearl preparation-
        1.Shiva Gutika
        2. Vasantakusumakara Rasa
Agni Karma-(Thermotherapy)
        Use of Agnikarma has been greatly emphasized as an ideal method of
treatment of Arbuda,Gulma,Speenomegaly,Hepatomegaly.In macro
method,metallic or non metallic substances are heated upto fixed temperature and
applied over the disease or skin in different figures and shapes.
        Arbuda which do not respond to medical treatment the parasurgical
technology is recommended.Agni karma and Kshar Karma are advised
followingsurgery for complete eradication of dosha
Blood letting-is also advised in some types of Arbudai.e.Medija Arbuda
Surgical treatment-Granthi and Arbuda if do not resolve by proper medical
treatment should be subjected to surgical exicision.In exicision of Arbuda, Acharya
        Sushruta has described that metallic tourniquet should be applied around
tha base of Arbuda and followed by exicision ,Agni Karma and Kshar Karma
according to the depth of the root.
Classical medicament by C.C.R.A.S.1986 Ayurvedic management of cancer
Sanskrit name                  Lattin name                  Parts used
Yashtimadhu                    Glycerazhia glabra           roots
Guduchi                        Tinospora cordifolia         stem
Bhallataka                     Semicarpus anacardium        Semicarp,seeds
Rohitaka                       Amoora Rohitaka              bark
Single herb by Lalites and Mohan Kumar(1980)

Sitaphala                    Annora squmosa               Ripe fruit
Kanchar                      Bauhinia variegata           Bark
Chakramarda                  Cassia tora                  seeds
Lajjalu                      Mimosa pudia                 Whole plant
Karveera                     Nerium indicum               root
Kustha                       Sassurea lappa               root
Haritaki                     Terminalia chebula           fruit
Sadpushpi                    Vinca rosea                  leaves
Arishta                      Xanthium strumarium          root
Chemical agents (Ras Bhasma) commonly used in cancer by Lalites and Mohan
      Kumar 1980
Name of the            Constituents                        Comments
preparation
Arbudahara Rasa        Mercury and sulphur macerated       Mentioned in all
                       with the decoction of of betal      types of cancer
                       leaves,Cow;s urine
Loknatha Rasa          Mercury,sulphur,mica,Aloe,iron      Mentioned in
                       oxide, ground with Solanum nigrum Liver,Spleen.GIT
                                                           types of cancer
Suvarna                Gold dust                           Used in lymph node
                                                           enlargement
Tamra Bhasma           Colloidal powder                    Mentioned in all
                                                           types of cancer
Abharaka Bhasma        Mica                                Mentioned in all
                                                           types of cancer
Manashila              Arsenic sulphide                    External
                                                           application of
                                                           tumour

Etiopathogenesis of cancer
 As per the concept of present study the diseases can be collaborated under three
        categories as mentioned earlier namely as
    1. Resembles clear malignancy
    2. Diseases may be considered as malignant
    3. Disease where possibility of malignancy can be ruled out
The concept of classification the involvement of doshic factor is also answerable
wther cancer Vatic,Paittic,Shleshmic,Tridoshaja. As the high mitotic activity and
pain are suggestive of Vatic predominance property,voluminous growth factor is
suggestive of shleshmic property whilst enzymatic interaction indicates Paittic
property.
        While going through the literature it has been observed that great emphasis
been given towards the rolr of Ahar and Vihar as one of the etiological factors for
various disease.Even in modern era,importance of dietary habits and environmental
factors are given one one the main etiological factors for precipitation of of
cancer.These are some examples of epidemiological survey conducted by some
scientists.
    1. There are certain types of diets which modify intenstinal flora by the
        presence large numbers of anerobic bacteria producing carcinogen by
        dehydrogenating bile salts (Ariss et al,1969)
    2. The eating of smoked fish and rice play an important role in the development
        of carcinoma of stomach(Haeszel et al 1972)
    3. low residual diet and high protein diet are considered to be primary cause of
        large bowel carcinoma. similarly cigarette smoking may lead to carcinoma of
        bronchus.(Basu et al 1976)
4. The increasing use of pesticides and organize urea leads to precipitation of
        cancer.(Chinese report)
    5. Contaminated drinking water by industrial worker also greater risks of
        hepatic carcinoma(Jolly,1973)
    6. Use of betel leaves with lime,tobacco or excessive use of Khaini or Bidi
        precipitates oral cancer (R Doll1977)
Acharaya Sushruta has given emphasis on the pathogenesis of the disease under the
  different nomenclature of SHATAKRIYAKALA. Viz. six different stages of
  etiopathogenesis
Pathological stage      Etiopathogenesis of Doshas
Sanchaya               The process of carcinogenesis start nearly 10-15 ys
                       earlier.Predominantly Kapha prakriti showing genetic
                       alteration.Carcinogen start stimulating the cells at gene level.
Prakopa                Carcinogen interacts with the cell and start vitiating
                       particular dosha in the body.
Prasara                Leads to mutagenic changes and releases its vitiated chemical
                       and enzymatic factors in the body system
Sthasamshraya          Promoting agents acts on such dormant cells and alter them
                       at particular site resulting into development od cancer
Vyakti                 Obstruction or vition of dosha at particular site due to
                       particular cell receptor
Bheda                  Affects the particular Dhatu

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Ayurvedic management of cancer dr chavan

  • 1. An Indigenous Management Of Cancer. Introduction- The term ‘CANCER’ derives from the latin word cancer and the Greek word Karkinus’both meaning crab. There is a worldwide increase in the incidence of cancer,9%of all deaths in the developing countries are attributed to various types of cancers and it is the second leading cause of death after cardio vascular disease.Whereas in the developing countries it is the fourth leading cause of mortality.The studies conducted in various parts of the country show high incidence of gastro-intestinal and respiratory systeem in males whereas cancer of cervix and breast in females. In Ayurvedic Classics, AcharyaShushruta has described similar observations and symptomatology but under different nomenculture like Arbuda ’Granthi’ AsadhyaVrana’Gluma etc.Whereas Acharya Vagbhata has not given any other definition than this.On the other hand has described it as Arbuda and Granthi are the same The aim of this research paper is therefore on one hand to identify and classify such diseases which are described in Ayurveda and may be considered as cancer.On the other hand efforts are also been needed to explore the use of certain Ayurvedic Concepts modalities of treatment and to find out drugs which could be effective and non-toxic to other normal cells of the body. Concept of managment- According to Ayurveda it can be classified as follows- A)Systemic B)Local A)Systemic manegment- i)Samshodhan Chikitsa ii)Shamana Chikitsa iii)Rasayana Chikitsa I)Samshodhana Chikitsa may be divided into three groups like i)medical ii)Paramedical iii)Surgical II)Shaman Chikitsa- means to achieve the level of Dosha samyvastha(equilibrium).Alep(applying paste),Parishek(Shower of medicated decoction), Abyangam(Oil massage), Sweda(fomentation),Pachan(the therapy which digest uncooked foodstuff),Deepana(carminative) III)Rasayana Chikitsa(Rejuvenative)-Restoration and preservation of the strength of the body by acting at the level of Digestion and metabolism, increasing the nutritional quality of Rasa dhatu(Nutritive plasma) Ayurvedic poorva karma i.e Snehan (internal oleation) proven helpful especially in curing hazards like nausea,loss of apetite,weight loss,anaemia,discolouration of skin, falling of hairs, followed by high incidence of mortality e.g. Triphala ghrita is helpful in this regard before starting chemotherapy. (Ayurvedic management of cancer by Dr. B.L.Prasad 1986, IMS,BHU,Varanasi)
  • 2. The use of Chandanbalalakshadi tail for external oleation (oil massage) and for internal oleation Padamakadi Ghrita are proven to be helpful for the side effects of Radiation(Dr.Kulkarni at al,Ahwasana-II by B.S.D.T’s Cancer Research centre,Wagholi). Thus poorva karma are heipful not only prolonging the span of life of cancer patients rather at the same time it is more effective in minimizing various hazards of anticancer treatment modalities by stimulating the self defence mechanism.the Rasayana drug(Rejuvenative) which may helpful 1.Amrita Bhallataka 2.Brahma Rasayana Powder Form-Narsingh Choorna Herbo-minearl preparation- 1.Shiva Gutika 2. Vasantakusumakara Rasa Agni Karma-(Thermotherapy) Use of Agnikarma has been greatly emphasized as an ideal method of treatment of Arbuda,Gulma,Speenomegaly,Hepatomegaly.In macro method,metallic or non metallic substances are heated upto fixed temperature and applied over the disease or skin in different figures and shapes. Arbuda which do not respond to medical treatment the parasurgical technology is recommended.Agni karma and Kshar Karma are advised followingsurgery for complete eradication of dosha Blood letting-is also advised in some types of Arbudai.e.Medija Arbuda Surgical treatment-Granthi and Arbuda if do not resolve by proper medical treatment should be subjected to surgical exicision.In exicision of Arbuda, Acharya Sushruta has described that metallic tourniquet should be applied around tha base of Arbuda and followed by exicision ,Agni Karma and Kshar Karma according to the depth of the root. Classical medicament by C.C.R.A.S.1986 Ayurvedic management of cancer Sanskrit name Lattin name Parts used Yashtimadhu Glycerazhia glabra roots Guduchi Tinospora cordifolia stem Bhallataka Semicarpus anacardium Semicarp,seeds Rohitaka Amoora Rohitaka bark Single herb by Lalites and Mohan Kumar(1980) Sitaphala Annora squmosa Ripe fruit Kanchar Bauhinia variegata Bark Chakramarda Cassia tora seeds Lajjalu Mimosa pudia Whole plant Karveera Nerium indicum root Kustha Sassurea lappa root Haritaki Terminalia chebula fruit Sadpushpi Vinca rosea leaves Arishta Xanthium strumarium root
  • 3. Chemical agents (Ras Bhasma) commonly used in cancer by Lalites and Mohan Kumar 1980 Name of the Constituents Comments preparation Arbudahara Rasa Mercury and sulphur macerated Mentioned in all with the decoction of of betal types of cancer leaves,Cow;s urine Loknatha Rasa Mercury,sulphur,mica,Aloe,iron Mentioned in oxide, ground with Solanum nigrum Liver,Spleen.GIT types of cancer Suvarna Gold dust Used in lymph node enlargement Tamra Bhasma Colloidal powder Mentioned in all types of cancer Abharaka Bhasma Mica Mentioned in all types of cancer Manashila Arsenic sulphide External application of tumour Etiopathogenesis of cancer As per the concept of present study the diseases can be collaborated under three categories as mentioned earlier namely as 1. Resembles clear malignancy 2. Diseases may be considered as malignant 3. Disease where possibility of malignancy can be ruled out The concept of classification the involvement of doshic factor is also answerable wther cancer Vatic,Paittic,Shleshmic,Tridoshaja. As the high mitotic activity and pain are suggestive of Vatic predominance property,voluminous growth factor is suggestive of shleshmic property whilst enzymatic interaction indicates Paittic property. While going through the literature it has been observed that great emphasis been given towards the rolr of Ahar and Vihar as one of the etiological factors for various disease.Even in modern era,importance of dietary habits and environmental factors are given one one the main etiological factors for precipitation of of cancer.These are some examples of epidemiological survey conducted by some scientists. 1. There are certain types of diets which modify intenstinal flora by the presence large numbers of anerobic bacteria producing carcinogen by dehydrogenating bile salts (Ariss et al,1969) 2. The eating of smoked fish and rice play an important role in the development of carcinoma of stomach(Haeszel et al 1972) 3. low residual diet and high protein diet are considered to be primary cause of large bowel carcinoma. similarly cigarette smoking may lead to carcinoma of bronchus.(Basu et al 1976)
  • 4. 4. The increasing use of pesticides and organize urea leads to precipitation of cancer.(Chinese report) 5. Contaminated drinking water by industrial worker also greater risks of hepatic carcinoma(Jolly,1973) 6. Use of betel leaves with lime,tobacco or excessive use of Khaini or Bidi precipitates oral cancer (R Doll1977) Acharaya Sushruta has given emphasis on the pathogenesis of the disease under the different nomenclature of SHATAKRIYAKALA. Viz. six different stages of etiopathogenesis Pathological stage Etiopathogenesis of Doshas Sanchaya The process of carcinogenesis start nearly 10-15 ys earlier.Predominantly Kapha prakriti showing genetic alteration.Carcinogen start stimulating the cells at gene level. Prakopa Carcinogen interacts with the cell and start vitiating particular dosha in the body. Prasara Leads to mutagenic changes and releases its vitiated chemical and enzymatic factors in the body system Sthasamshraya Promoting agents acts on such dormant cells and alter them at particular site resulting into development od cancer Vyakti Obstruction or vition of dosha at particular site due to particular cell receptor Bheda Affects the particular Dhatu