This document discusses various audio file formats including uncompressed, lossy compressed, and lossless compressed formats. It defines key audio file formats such as WAV, AIFF, MP3, AAC, Ogg Vorbis, FLAC, and ALAC. WAV and AIFF are uncompressed formats that maintain quality but use significant storage. MP3, AAC, and Ogg are popular lossy formats that reduce file size by removing imperceptible audio data. FLAC and ALAC are lossless compression formats that reduce file size without quality loss by identifying and removing redundant data patterns.

1. PATEL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
SUBJECT – AUDIO FILE FORMAT
SUBMITTED TO :- PROF. ABHILASHA VYAS
PRESENT BY :- IRFAN KHAN

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Types of Audio file format
• Uncompressed audio file format
• Lossy compression
• Lossless compression
• Difference between lossy and lossless
• Some audio file format

3. DEFINITION
• An Audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on
a computer system. Audio format defines the quality and loss of
audio data . This data can be stored uncompressed, or compressed
to reduce the file size. Based on application different type of audio
format are used. This bit layout of the audio data is called the Audio
coding format.

4. TYPES OF AUDIO FILE FORMAT
1. Uncompressed Format
2. Lossy Compressed format
3. Lossless Compressed Format

5. DEFINITION OF UNCOMPRESSED FILE FORMAT
• Uncompressed audio is exactly what it sounds like: real sound
waves that have been captured and converted to digital format
without any further processing. As a result, uncompressed audio
files tend to be the most accurate but take up a LOT of disk space.
It include file format is PCM,WAV,AIFF.

6. DEFINITION OF LOSSY COMPRESSION
• The Lossy compression method eliminates some amount of data
that is not noticeable. The lossy compression technique is
beneficial if the quality of the data is not your priority. This type of
data compression is used for data like sound and images . It
include file format is Mp3 ,AAC,OGG,WMA.
• Lossy Compression Technique -
1.Tranform coding
2.Discrete cosine Transform

7. DEFINITION OF LOSSLESS COMPRESSION
• lossless compression, which is a method that reduces file size
without any loss in quality between the original source file and the
resulting file . This technique is used for data like text format. It
include file format is FLAC,ALAC,WMA.
• Lossless Compression Technique –
1. Run length encoding
2. Huffman coding

8. LOSSY COMPRESSION V/S LOSSLESS COMPRESSION
S no. Lossy compression Lossless compression
1. This technique involve some loss of information. This technique involve no loss of information.
2. Data has been compressed using compression
technique then can not recovered & reconstruct
exactly.
If data has been compressed , then original data
can be recovered from the compressed data .
3. Sound &image compressed uses lossy
compression.
Text compressed uses lossless compression.
4. Data holding capacity of the channel is more. Less as compared to lossy method.
5. Ex. - Vedio CD Ex. – Fax machine

9. WAVEFORM AUDIO FILE FORMAT (WAV)
• This Audio file format is developed by IBM and Microsoft in 1991.
• The main and popular audio format in the Microsoft window
operating system environment.
• The WAV file extension is .wav , .wave.
• WAV format compatible with window ,Macintosh or Linux but
commonly used in window computer system.
• Uncompressed WAV files are quite large in size but sound quality is
good.
• WAV is widely used in broadcasting and stereo audio

10. AUDIO INTERCHANGE FILE FORMAT (AIFF)
• These audio format is developed by Apple in 1998.
• This audio file format is standard used for storing sound data for
PC and other electronic device.
• Most commonly used for Apple Macintosh computer System.
• AIFF file extension is .aiff , .aif , .aifc .
• This type of AIFF file uses much more disk space.
• AIFF files are uncompressed , this means sound quality is good but
they take up large on disk. Generally 10 MB for every minute of
audio.

11. MPEG -1 AUDIO LAYER ||| (MP3)
• It was developed by MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Grouping ) and
released in 1993.
• It is Lossy compression file format & it is most popular for music files.
• The file extension is .mp3.
• Main aim of MP3 is to remove all those sounds which not hearable or
less noticeable by humans ears. Hence making size of music file small.
• Nearly every digital device in the world with audio playback can read
and play MP3 files, whether we’re talking about PCs, Macs, Androids,
iPhones, Smart TVs, or whatever else.

12. WINDOW MEDIA AUDIO (WMA)
• It was developed by Microsoft and released in 1999.
• The file extension is .wma.
• WMA was designed to own window system.
• In terms of quality it is better than MP3.
• But is not widely used.
• Less support other platform.

13. ADVANCED AUDIO CODING (AAC)
• It was developed in 1997 after MP3.
• AAC is a part of the MPEG-2 audio format and use the file
extension .aac.
• The compression algorithm used by AAC is much more complex
and advanced than MP3.
• when compared a particular audio file in MP3 and AAC formats at
the same bit rate, the AAC one will generally have better sound
quality.
• It is the standard audio compression method used by YouTube,
Android, iOs , iTunes, and PlayStations.

14. OGG (VORBIS)
• Vorbis was first released in 2000.
• File extension is .ogg.
• Ogg is open source software, and it performs significantly better
than most other lossy compression formats (i.e. produces a
smaller file size for equivalent audio quality).
• A number of websites and many video games store audio uses it.
• As well as several national radio station is use.
• Vorbis support by different operating systems like window , mac ,
linux , android , ios.

15. FREE LOSSLESS AUDIO CODEC (FLAC)
• It was released in 2001.
• File extension is .flac.
• It can compress a source file by up to 50% without losing data.
• It is most popular because it is open-source and free.
• Latest version of FLAC 1.3.2 is release in 2017.

16. APPLE LOSSLESS AUDIO CODEC ( ALAC)
• It was launched in 2004 and became free after 2011.
• It was developed by Apple computer for lossless encoding for
digital music.
• File extension is .m4a .
• It is uesd in itunes software and ipod music player.

17. COMPARE VARIOUS AUDIO FILE FORMAT

18. ANY QUESTION

19. THANKS