Audiences and institutions
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While Hollywood films dominate cinema chains globally, British independent films can now target national audiences more cost effectively due to digital filmmaking technologies. Cinemas prefer blockbuster films that guarantee large audiences and additional concession stand sales. However, a film like "The World's End" was able to appeal to both British and American audiences through its marketing campaign that played on the franchise of the previous two films in the trilogy and its portrayal of traditionally British themes and settings. The development of new technologies has lowered production costs and allowed independent films to better compete with major studio films.
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Film production by 20th
20th Century Fox is one of the six major American film studios known for popular franchises like Star Wars, Ice Age, X-Men, Die Hard, and Alien. A 2009 viral marketing campaign for the film Avatar by Fox and McDonald's received over 4 million users in Europe over several weeks. The campaign involved releasing Avatar toys in McDonald's Happy Meals to appeal to children and use "pester power" to influence parents' decisions. Avatar went on to break box office records, earning over $1 billion in just 17 days and helping News Corp division make a large operating profit.
Distribution
This document discusses film distribution strategies, focusing on independent films. It explains that distribution involves releasing films in the marketplace and marketing them locally. For independent films, producers typically do not have long-term ties to distributors. The document recommends Momentum Pictures as a potential UK distributor and discusses simultaneous streaming/cinema releases as an option. It also explores releasing the film on streaming services like Netflix or television channels like Sky Movies.
Level 4 response section b - media ownership
Media ownership has a significant impact on the successful distribution of films. Large companies like Time Warner, which owns Warner Bros., have a major advantage over smaller companies due to their ability to independently distribute films on a massive global scale through their ownership of production and distribution subsidiaries. For example, Warner Bros. was able to profit greatly from The Dark Knight Rises through extensive traditional and social media marketing campaigns made possible by their large size and resources. In contrast, smaller companies like Vertigo and Warp have much more limited distribution capabilities and rely heavily on film festivals and DVD sales rather than wide theatrical releases, making it difficult to compete with major studios.
Notes from-the-textbook
The film industry involves three main components: production, distribution, and consumption. Production is the making of films, distribution is promoting and releasing films in cinemas and home media, and consumption is audiences paying to view films. The US film industry has significant advantages over other countries due to its large domestic market and capital resources, dominating the global distribution of films. However, increased digital technologies have benefits for independent and low-budget filmmakers by enabling new forms of distribution outside the traditional system.
What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology...
What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences?
My case study thursdya
This document discusses key topics related to media production, distribution, and audiences. It provides sample past exam questions focusing on how media products reach audiences within specific media areas. Key areas to study include production, distribution, marketing, exhibition, the impact of new technologies, convergence, and specific film industries. The importance of cross-media convergence and synergy for institutions and audiences is emphasized. Digital screens are growing in number, and case studies of films like Avatar, The Dark Knight, Harry Brown, and Street Dance 3D are presented to illustrate these concepts.
Hollywood vs british film industry
The document compares the film industries of Hollywood and Britain. Hollywood produces blockbuster films with large budgets of over $100 million each using profits from previous films. They focus on universal themes of action and CGI to appeal to global audiences. Major studios like Disney and Warner Bros. produce and distribute 10-20 films per year and keep all profits. Britain's film industry has a much smaller budget of $6.2 million from three government funds. British films focus more on social issues and are harder to categorize by genre. They are produced through collaboration between several companies and the BBC, with profits shared among contributors. While Hollywood faces piracy threats, Britain struggles more with limited funding for future films.
Revision a:s film industry
This document provides information about various aspects of the film industry, including production, distribution, exhibition, investors, risks, distribution companies, and marketing. It uses The Dark Knight and the low-budget British film Shifty as case studies to illustrate concepts like production funding, distribution, cross-media marketing, and the role of organizations like the UK Film Council.
Recommended
Film production by 20th
20th Century Fox is one of the six major American film studios known for popular franchises like Star Wars, Ice Age, X-Men, Die Hard, and Alien. A 2009 viral marketing campaign for the film Avatar by Fox and McDonald's received over 4 million users in Europe over several weeks. The campaign involved releasing Avatar toys in McDonald's Happy Meals to appeal to children and use "pester power" to influence parents' decisions. Avatar went on to break box office records, earning over $1 billion in just 17 days and helping News Corp division make a large operating profit.
Distribution
This document discusses film distribution strategies, focusing on independent films. It explains that distribution involves releasing films in the marketplace and marketing them locally. For independent films, producers typically do not have long-term ties to distributors. The document recommends Momentum Pictures as a potential UK distributor and discusses simultaneous streaming/cinema releases as an option. It also explores releasing the film on streaming services like Netflix or television channels like Sky Movies.
Level 4 response section b - media ownership
Media ownership has a significant impact on the successful distribution of films. Large companies like Time Warner, which owns Warner Bros., have a major advantage over smaller companies due to their ability to independently distribute films on a massive global scale through their ownership of production and distribution subsidiaries. For example, Warner Bros. was able to profit greatly from The Dark Knight Rises through extensive traditional and social media marketing campaigns made possible by their large size and resources. In contrast, smaller companies like Vertigo and Warp have much more limited distribution capabilities and rely heavily on film festivals and DVD sales rather than wide theatrical releases, making it difficult to compete with major studios.
Notes from-the-textbook
The film industry involves three main components: production, distribution, and consumption. Production is the making of films, distribution is promoting and releasing films in cinemas and home media, and consumption is audiences paying to view films. The US film industry has significant advantages over other countries due to its large domestic market and capital resources, dominating the global distribution of films. However, increased digital technologies have benefits for independent and low-budget filmmakers by enabling new forms of distribution outside the traditional system.
What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology...
What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences?
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This document discusses key topics related to media production, distribution, and audiences. It provides sample past exam questions focusing on how media products reach audiences within specific media areas. Key areas to study include production, distribution, marketing, exhibition, the impact of new technologies, convergence, and specific film industries. The importance of cross-media convergence and synergy for institutions and audiences is emphasized. Digital screens are growing in number, and case studies of films like Avatar, The Dark Knight, Harry Brown, and Street Dance 3D are presented to illustrate these concepts.
Hollywood vs british film industry
The document compares the film industries of Hollywood and Britain. Hollywood produces blockbuster films with large budgets of over $100 million each using profits from previous films. They focus on universal themes of action and CGI to appeal to global audiences. Major studios like Disney and Warner Bros. produce and distribute 10-20 films per year and keep all profits. Britain's film industry has a much smaller budget of $6.2 million from three government funds. British films focus more on social issues and are harder to categorize by genre. They are produced through collaboration between several companies and the BBC, with profits shared among contributors. While Hollywood faces piracy threats, Britain struggles more with limited funding for future films.
Revision a:s film industry
This document provides information about various aspects of the film industry, including production, distribution, exhibition, investors, risks, distribution companies, and marketing. It uses The Dark Knight and the low-budget British film Shifty as case studies to illustrate concepts like production funding, distribution, cross-media marketing, and the role of organizations like the UK Film Council.
Film Exhibition and Consumption
This document discusses various aspects of film exhibition and consumption, including:
1) Traditional theatrical exhibition in cinemas is the main distribution model, but new technologies like home cinema and digital media are providing alternative models of consumption.
2) Multiplex cinemas with multiple screens are now common and can accommodate large audiences, while independent theaters face challenges in marketing themselves and competing.
3) Factors like the growth of home entertainment options on disc and digital formats are changing audience viewing habits and posing challenges for theatrical exhibition. Exhibitors are trying different strategies to adapt to these trends.
Unit 8 task 1 Getting to grips with the industry
This document discusses funding and ownership in the media industry. It will analyze case studies of companies like News Corp, Disney, CNN, BBC and ITV to understand how ownership and funding relate to the television and film industry. Media companies are owned through various structures like conglomerates, subsidiaries, and independently. They are also funded differently, with public service broadcasters getting funds from license fees and commercial companies relying on advertising money. New technologies have impacted funding and distribution models.
Section b key information
This document provides information on various case studies of films, including their production budgets, release dates, producers, distributors, and box office performance in the UK. It compares lower budget independent films like "The Angels Share" and "A Field in England" to larger blockbuster films like "Taken 2" and "Man of Steel." The independent films struggled at the UK box office due to limited distribution and screenings, but used alternative distribution methods like video-on-demand to find audiences. In contrast, the blockbuster films were hugely successful in theaters due to widespread distribution through major studios and large marketing campaigns. The document also provides context on trends in the UK film industry and changing technologies.
Ghdsr;
This document discusses different methods of film distribution including standard release through cinemas and home entertainment, straight-to-video release, internet release, and simultaneous release. It provides 20th Century Fox and Koch Media as examples, with 20th Century Fox being a large studio able to widely distribute films through various standard methods. Koch Media is a smaller independent distributor that focuses on helping independent films find audiences through selective releases in cinemas and creative marketing strategies.
Exhibition and Exchange
The document discusses the film exhibition industry, including the roles and challenges of cinema operators (exhibitors). Exhibitors own and operate cinemas, selling the experience of watching films as well as concessions. They aim to attract large audiences by offering a variety of films, not just blockbusters, and many have transitioned to multiplex models for improved viewing experiences. Digital distribution has also made independent and non-mainstream films more accessible in cinemas.
Exhibition and exchange
The document discusses the film exhibition industry, including the roles and challenges of cinema operators (exhibitors). Exhibitors own and operate cinemas, selling the experience of watching films as well as concessions. They aim to attract large audiences by offering a variety of films, not just blockbusters, and many have transitioned to multiplex models for improved viewing experiences. Digital distribution has also made independent and non-mainstream films more accessible in cinemas.
Exhibition and Exchange
The document discusses the film exhibition industry, including the roles and challenges of cinema operators (exhibitors). Exhibitors own and operate cinemas, selling the experience of watching films as well as concessions. They aim to attract large audiences by offering a variety of films, not just blockbusters, and many have transitioned to multiplex models for improved viewing experiences. Digital distribution has also made independent and non-mainstream films more accessible in cinemas.
Big 6 Homework
The film industry is dominated by six major studios known as the "Big 6" oligopoly. These conglomerates control a large share of the market and own major film studios as well as other entertainment divisions. They produce popular film franchises like Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, and DC comic movies. However, there is a debate about whether this concentration of power in only a few studios has reduced the number of original films being produced in favor of sequels, remakes and films based on other media.
Film exhibition and consumption final
This document discusses various aspects of film exhibition and consumption, including:
1) Traditional theatrical exhibition in cinemas is the main initial way films reach audiences, but new home technologies now provide alternative options.
2) Multiplex cinemas with multiple screens are now common and can accommodate thousands of people, while independent theaters face challenges in marketing themselves differently.
3) The home entertainment market, including rentals and purchases of films on DVD, Blu-ray, and digital formats, now accounts for the majority of film viewings and is a thriving multi-billion pound industry in the UK.
02 g322 section b film industry introduction 2014
This document provides an overview of the film industry, focusing on production, distribution, and exhibition. It discusses how films are funded and made (production), marketed and released in cinemas and other formats (distribution), and consumed by audiences paying to view films (exhibition). The document outlines the key roles of major studios and distributors in controlling distribution deals and prioritizing large Hollywood blockbusters over independent and foreign films. It also notes the challenges that increased costs of production and distribution pose to Hollywood studios and independent filmmakers.
Audience Experience, CGS
To explore film consumption and how it has changed over time. The document discusses the history of film exhibition from nickelodeons in the early 1900s to modern multiplexes. It also examines how technology has impacted the way films are consumed, from VHS and DVDs to streaming and mobile devices. Both positive and negative effects of new technologies on cinema are considered, such as the growth of special effects versus declines in theater attendance. The challenges now facing the film industry and how cinemas can offer new experiences to compete are discussed.
Revision 2
1. The document discusses issues around media ownership, cross-media convergence and synergy, and new technologies in film production, distribution, and consumption.
2. It explores how the proliferation of hardware and content affects both media institutions and audiences, and the importance of technological convergence.
3. International and global media institutions' targeting of national and local audiences, specifically British audiences, is also examined.
Film consumption
Looks at how films are cosumed by the audience - traditional exhibition, home theatre independent theatres, digital technology. For WJEC Film Studies
Distribution and exhibition
The document discusses film distribution and exhibition. It notes that major studios are vertically integrated media conglomerates that dominate the film industry. It also discusses how major studios distribute their own films both domestically and internationally, controlling a large percentage of box office revenues. The document outlines various distribution windows studios use to continue generating revenue from successful films through things like DVD/Blu-ray, TV, downloads, soundtracks, merchandising and more. It also discusses how conglomerates use synergy across their businesses and how marketing budgets for major studio films now often exceed production costs.
Three consumption
The document discusses the history and evolution of film consumption from the 1900s to present day. It addresses how the culture of viewing films has changed over time from the early nickelodeons and purpose-built cinemas to the rise of multiplexes and decline in attendance in the 1970s due to new technologies. Modern film consumption can involve cinemas, home cinema, new technologies like streaming, and mobile devices. Both positive and negative effects of new technologies on film are discussed.
Talk 'Cinema on Demand' at Lucania Film Festival 2017
A talk by Alessandro Masi, Film & TV Business Strategist at FlexyMovies
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Digital distribution is a growing opportunity for independent filmmakers and is not threatening theatrical exhibition. Cinema consumption is evolving together with technological and sociological changes. Home entertainment is growing but is not replacing the value of theatrical exhibition, with worldwide box office growing steadily. New models such as Premium VOD to access content at home while still in theaters will be enlarging the options for cinema audiences, alongside with SVOD and TVOD in particular, while major studios are pushing for EST and shortening of distribution windows.
Unit 8 – assignment 1 task 2
The document discusses key concepts related to media ownership structures and distribution, including:
- Monopoly and oligopoly market structures, with examples of companies dominating certain markets.
- Vertical and horizontal integration, where companies consolidate operations across different parts of the production or distribution process, or across different types of media.
- Multi-national media conglomerates that own multiple companies across different media segments in a vertically integrated structure to control large portions of the entertainment industry.
- Franchises that expand original creative works across multiple forms of media through licensing agreements.
- The role of globalization and concerns about cultural imperialism as media ownership becomes concentrated worldwide.
Distribution
Here are the answers to the questions:
1. The 'big six' distributors (Warner Bros Pictures, United International Pictures (Paramount), 20th Century Fox, Buena Vista (Walt Disney), Columbia Tristar Pictures, Universal) dominate around 90% of the UK cinema box office market in any given year.
2. It is important that distributors ensure timely delivery of films because cinemas spend money publicising film play-dates and times, so there is an imperative for the distributor to deliver the film on time.
3. A 35mm film print typically costs around £1,000, or twice that if subtitled.
4. A feature film print will usually
Filmby fateha
A film is a series of still images that create the illusion of moving images when shown on a screen. The film industry comprises companies involved in film production, distribution, and exhibition, as well as actors and crew. Major film companies in the UK include production, distribution, and exhibition companies that work together across the different parts of the industry. These large companies own numerous media properties that allow them to retain control and maximize profits.
Film by fateha
A film is a series of still images that create the illusion of moving images when shown on a screen. The film industry comprises companies involved in film production, distribution, and exhibition, as well as actors and crew. Major film companies in the UK include production, distribution, and exhibition companies that work together across the different parts of the industry. Owning various media interests allows large film companies to retain control and maximize profits across production and distribution.
The big six
Disney was the most profitable studio in 2014, primarily due to the success of the film Frozen. The document defines key industry terms like "tent pole" movies, which are big franchise films that studios rely on to offset risks of smaller films. It also identifies television programs produced by 21st Century Fox and Warner Bros. Disney made the most profit overall, while Paramount was the least profitable and had previously sold its Marvel film properties.
Of these seven key areas
This document provides information about the 2012 science fiction film Prometheus, directed by Ridley Scott. It discusses the production company 20th Century Fox, which owns the rights to Prometheus. It details the development and production of the film, including the script changes, casting of major stars like Michael Fassbender and Charlize Theron, filming locations in Iceland and Spain, and extensive marketing campaign including comic-con panels, trailers and viral videos. The post-production process incorporated 3D filming techniques and color grading. Prometheus was nominated for an Oscar for visual effects.
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Film Exhibition and Consumption
This document discusses various aspects of film exhibition and consumption, including:
1) Traditional theatrical exhibition in cinemas is the main distribution model, but new technologies like home cinema and digital media are providing alternative models of consumption.
2) Multiplex cinemas with multiple screens are now common and can accommodate large audiences, while independent theaters face challenges in marketing themselves and competing.
3) Factors like the growth of home entertainment options on disc and digital formats are changing audience viewing habits and posing challenges for theatrical exhibition. Exhibitors are trying different strategies to adapt to these trends.
Unit 8 task 1 Getting to grips with the industry
This document discusses funding and ownership in the media industry. It will analyze case studies of companies like News Corp, Disney, CNN, BBC and ITV to understand how ownership and funding relate to the television and film industry. Media companies are owned through various structures like conglomerates, subsidiaries, and independently. They are also funded differently, with public service broadcasters getting funds from license fees and commercial companies relying on advertising money. New technologies have impacted funding and distribution models.
Section b key information
This document provides information on various case studies of films, including their production budgets, release dates, producers, distributors, and box office performance in the UK. It compares lower budget independent films like "The Angels Share" and "A Field in England" to larger blockbuster films like "Taken 2" and "Man of Steel." The independent films struggled at the UK box office due to limited distribution and screenings, but used alternative distribution methods like video-on-demand to find audiences. In contrast, the blockbuster films were hugely successful in theaters due to widespread distribution through major studios and large marketing campaigns. The document also provides context on trends in the UK film industry and changing technologies.
Ghdsr;
This document discusses different methods of film distribution including standard release through cinemas and home entertainment, straight-to-video release, internet release, and simultaneous release. It provides 20th Century Fox and Koch Media as examples, with 20th Century Fox being a large studio able to widely distribute films through various standard methods. Koch Media is a smaller independent distributor that focuses on helping independent films find audiences through selective releases in cinemas and creative marketing strategies.
Exhibition and Exchange
The document discusses the film exhibition industry, including the roles and challenges of cinema operators (exhibitors). Exhibitors own and operate cinemas, selling the experience of watching films as well as concessions. They aim to attract large audiences by offering a variety of films, not just blockbusters, and many have transitioned to multiplex models for improved viewing experiences. Digital distribution has also made independent and non-mainstream films more accessible in cinemas.
Exhibition and exchange
The document discusses the film exhibition industry, including the roles and challenges of cinema operators (exhibitors). Exhibitors own and operate cinemas, selling the experience of watching films as well as concessions. They aim to attract large audiences by offering a variety of films, not just blockbusters, and many have transitioned to multiplex models for improved viewing experiences. Digital distribution has also made independent and non-mainstream films more accessible in cinemas.
Exhibition and Exchange
The document discusses the film exhibition industry, including the roles and challenges of cinema operators (exhibitors). Exhibitors own and operate cinemas, selling the experience of watching films as well as concessions. They aim to attract large audiences by offering a variety of films, not just blockbusters, and many have transitioned to multiplex models for improved viewing experiences. Digital distribution has also made independent and non-mainstream films more accessible in cinemas.
Big 6 Homework
The film industry is dominated by six major studios known as the "Big 6" oligopoly. These conglomerates control a large share of the market and own major film studios as well as other entertainment divisions. They produce popular film franchises like Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, and DC comic movies. However, there is a debate about whether this concentration of power in only a few studios has reduced the number of original films being produced in favor of sequels, remakes and films based on other media.
Film exhibition and consumption final
This document discusses various aspects of film exhibition and consumption, including:
1) Traditional theatrical exhibition in cinemas is the main initial way films reach audiences, but new home technologies now provide alternative options.
2) Multiplex cinemas with multiple screens are now common and can accommodate thousands of people, while independent theaters face challenges in marketing themselves differently.
3) The home entertainment market, including rentals and purchases of films on DVD, Blu-ray, and digital formats, now accounts for the majority of film viewings and is a thriving multi-billion pound industry in the UK.
02 g322 section b film industry introduction 2014
This document provides an overview of the film industry, focusing on production, distribution, and exhibition. It discusses how films are funded and made (production), marketed and released in cinemas and other formats (distribution), and consumed by audiences paying to view films (exhibition). The document outlines the key roles of major studios and distributors in controlling distribution deals and prioritizing large Hollywood blockbusters over independent and foreign films. It also notes the challenges that increased costs of production and distribution pose to Hollywood studios and independent filmmakers.
Audience Experience, CGS
To explore film consumption and how it has changed over time. The document discusses the history of film exhibition from nickelodeons in the early 1900s to modern multiplexes. It also examines how technology has impacted the way films are consumed, from VHS and DVDs to streaming and mobile devices. Both positive and negative effects of new technologies on cinema are considered, such as the growth of special effects versus declines in theater attendance. The challenges now facing the film industry and how cinemas can offer new experiences to compete are discussed.
Revision 2
1. The document discusses issues around media ownership, cross-media convergence and synergy, and new technologies in film production, distribution, and consumption.
2. It explores how the proliferation of hardware and content affects both media institutions and audiences, and the importance of technological convergence.
3. International and global media institutions' targeting of national and local audiences, specifically British audiences, is also examined.
Film consumption
Looks at how films are cosumed by the audience - traditional exhibition, home theatre independent theatres, digital technology. For WJEC Film Studies
Distribution and exhibition
The document discusses film distribution and exhibition. It notes that major studios are vertically integrated media conglomerates that dominate the film industry. It also discusses how major studios distribute their own films both domestically and internationally, controlling a large percentage of box office revenues. The document outlines various distribution windows studios use to continue generating revenue from successful films through things like DVD/Blu-ray, TV, downloads, soundtracks, merchandising and more. It also discusses how conglomerates use synergy across their businesses and how marketing budgets for major studio films now often exceed production costs.
Three consumption
The document discusses the history and evolution of film consumption from the 1900s to present day. It addresses how the culture of viewing films has changed over time from the early nickelodeons and purpose-built cinemas to the rise of multiplexes and decline in attendance in the 1970s due to new technologies. Modern film consumption can involve cinemas, home cinema, new technologies like streaming, and mobile devices. Both positive and negative effects of new technologies on film are discussed.
Talk 'Cinema on Demand' at Lucania Film Festival 2017
A talk by Alessandro Masi, Film & TV Business Strategist at FlexyMovies
---
Digital distribution is a growing opportunity for independent filmmakers and is not threatening theatrical exhibition. Cinema consumption is evolving together with technological and sociological changes. Home entertainment is growing but is not replacing the value of theatrical exhibition, with worldwide box office growing steadily. New models such as Premium VOD to access content at home while still in theaters will be enlarging the options for cinema audiences, alongside with SVOD and TVOD in particular, while major studios are pushing for EST and shortening of distribution windows.
Unit 8 – assignment 1 task 2
The document discusses key concepts related to media ownership structures and distribution, including:
- Monopoly and oligopoly market structures, with examples of companies dominating certain markets.
- Vertical and horizontal integration, where companies consolidate operations across different parts of the production or distribution process, or across different types of media.
- Multi-national media conglomerates that own multiple companies across different media segments in a vertically integrated structure to control large portions of the entertainment industry.
- Franchises that expand original creative works across multiple forms of media through licensing agreements.
- The role of globalization and concerns about cultural imperialism as media ownership becomes concentrated worldwide.
Distribution
Here are the answers to the questions:
1. The 'big six' distributors (Warner Bros Pictures, United International Pictures (Paramount), 20th Century Fox, Buena Vista (Walt Disney), Columbia Tristar Pictures, Universal) dominate around 90% of the UK cinema box office market in any given year.
2. It is important that distributors ensure timely delivery of films because cinemas spend money publicising film play-dates and times, so there is an imperative for the distributor to deliver the film on time.
3. A 35mm film print typically costs around £1,000, or twice that if subtitled.
4. A feature film print will usually
Filmby fateha
A film is a series of still images that create the illusion of moving images when shown on a screen. The film industry comprises companies involved in film production, distribution, and exhibition, as well as actors and crew. Major film companies in the UK include production, distribution, and exhibition companies that work together across the different parts of the industry. These large companies own numerous media properties that allow them to retain control and maximize profits.
Film by fateha
A film is a series of still images that create the illusion of moving images when shown on a screen. The film industry comprises companies involved in film production, distribution, and exhibition, as well as actors and crew. Major film companies in the UK include production, distribution, and exhibition companies that work together across the different parts of the industry. Owning various media interests allows large film companies to retain control and maximize profits across production and distribution.
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Talk 'Cinema on Demand' at Lucania Film Festival 2017
Talk 'Cinema on Demand' at Lucania Film Festival 2017
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The big six
Disney was the most profitable studio in 2014, primarily due to the success of the film Frozen. The document defines key industry terms like "tent pole" movies, which are big franchise films that studios rely on to offset risks of smaller films. It also identifies television programs produced by 21st Century Fox and Warner Bros. Disney made the most profit overall, while Paramount was the least profitable and had previously sold its Marvel film properties.
Of these seven key areas
This document provides information about the 2012 science fiction film Prometheus, directed by Ridley Scott. It discusses the production company 20th Century Fox, which owns the rights to Prometheus. It details the development and production of the film, including the script changes, casting of major stars like Michael Fassbender and Charlize Theron, filming locations in Iceland and Spain, and extensive marketing campaign including comic-con panels, trailers and viral videos. The post-production process incorporated 3D filming techniques and color grading. Prometheus was nominated for an Oscar for visual effects.
Synergy
This document discusses synergy and its importance in the modern film industry. It explains that media synergy is when different elements of a media company work together to promote linked products across different platforms. Hollywood studios now focus on producing mega franchise films that can be cross-promoted through various media like film, soundtracks, video games and more. Ancillary revenue from merchandise has become more important than box office revenue for studios. Spectacle and high production values in blockbuster films act as a barrier to entry for lower budget films, allowing major studios to continue dominating the film industry.
National audience
The document discusses how two of the author's films, The King's Speech and Prometheus, were able to achieve financial success at the global box office despite being distributed differently. The King's Speech, an independent film, was distributed globally by The Weinstein Company and earned $285 million against a $10 million budget. Prometheus, a major Hollywood film produced by 20th Century Fox and distributed by 21st Century Fox, earned $420 million against a $130 million budget. Both films were able to target international rather than just national audiences to maximize profits.
Exchange and exhibition
The document discusses film distribution and exhibition. It describes how films can be accessed by consumers from producers or distributors through various means like cinemas, DVDs, on-demand services, television, and broadcast. It also discusses the costs and risks involved for cinemas in exhibiting films, and how cinemas are starting to invest in digital projection to show digitally distributed films and address challenges like exhibiting 3D films. Making a profit for cinemas can include high ticket prices, advertising, and concessions. The document also compares analog and digital projectors, noting advantages of digital like high quality images and not needing a trained projectionist.
What have you found interesting in the representation of gender in the films ...
The document discusses how gender is represented in the films Crash and Do the Right Thing. In Crash, both male and female characters are shown to exhibit both racist and non-racist behaviors. The male character Daniel cares for his daughter but also faces discrimination from others due to his ethnicity. In Do the Right Thing, male characters like Sal exhibit calmness but also have a short temper when faced with confrontation, showing the pressure they face from social divides. Meanwhile, female characters are portrayed as victims in Crash but seek to change their situations, while in Do the Right Thing women reject some male opinions and seek independence.
With reference to the films you have studied for this topic
The document analyzes how different documentary films offer varying spectator experiences. Gimme Shelter uses a fly-on-the-wall style with no narrator, allowing the audience to view events objectively. Bowling for Columbine uses Michael Moore's subjective narration and interviewing style to push his perspective. Touching the Void reconstructs scenes aesthetically to elicit an emotional reaction from viewers rather than present a realistic account. Overall, the films demonstrate different documentary modes - Gimme Shelter uses observation, Bowling for Columbine uses participation, and Touching the Void uses exposition to generate different relationships with audiences.
What are some of the main factors that influence different kinds of film prod...
Major film production companies consider many factors when deciding which films to produce such as marketing costs, target demographics, box office trends, and franchising opportunities. They aim to capitalize on previous successes with similar films. Independent films focus more on quality storytelling and original ideas, though they have less marketing budgets and must appeal to niche audiences. Examples show independent films can still find audiences and acclaim through film festivals, short films, and fan support even with smaller budgets. Both types of producers must balance artistic vision with commercial viability.
How are microelements used in the restaurant scene in the godfather
In the scene from The Godfather, Al Pacino's character shows disinterest in Solozzo through lack of eye contact and slouched body language as Solozzo talks. Solozzo sits forward with hands crossed, attentively waiting for Pacino's responses. Later, Pacino adjusts his jacket and combs his hair with his hands to portray his character's nervousness and innocence as he prepares to do something bad to protect his father.
To what extent does media ownership have on the impact on the successful dist...
Prometheus and Whiplash achieved distribution success despite different production structures. Prometheus, produced by the oligopoly 20th Century Fox, benefited from vertical integration and its franchise status, guaranteeing a wide release. Whiplash, produced independently through multiple companies, received a more limited distribution as an independent film with niche themes. Fox's larger budget allowed for extensive marketing, bringing in larger audiences and securing more profitable distribution deals, while Whiplash relied more on viral marketing and audience interest to achieve distribution success on a smaller scale. Both major studio and independent films can find distribution success, though money provides advantages for promotion and audience reach that influence potential profitability.
Day 1
Changes in technology have affected the relationship between audiences and producers in the film industry in the following ways:
1) New digital distribution methods like streaming platforms have replaced the old model of driving films to cinemas and DVDs to shops.
2) Audiences now have more variety in where and when they view films - from their bedrooms at night to the cinema to streaming on multiple devices.
3) Young audiences especially consume films in illegal and legal ways, through various locations and times, often with friends but sometimes alone late at night.
Independent film
An independent film is made outside of the Hollywood system, allowing the director to pursue their individual vision without studio interference. Independent films have smaller budgets financed through individual businessmen and loans from film institutions. They use film festivals to garner attention and critical acclaim in order to secure distribution deals, as they do not have the marketing power of large studio films. Independent films tend to have more realistic, narrative-driven stories that center around sociopolitical or socioeconomic topics compared to big-budget Hollywood blockbusters.
What have you found interesting in the representation of gender in the films ...
The document discusses how gender is represented in the films Crash and Do the Right Thing. In Crash, both male and female characters are shown to exhibit both racist and non-racist behaviors. The male character Daniel cares for his daughter but also faces discrimination from others due to his ethnicity. In Do the Right Thing, male characters like Sal exhibit calmness but also have a short temper when faced with confrontation, showing the pressure they face from social divides. Meanwhile, female characters are portrayed as victims in Crash but seek to change their situations, while in Do the Right Thing women reject some male opinions and seek independence.
In what ways can submarine be seen as an example of an independent film
Submarine uses stylistic elements common in independent films to portray the main character Oliver's inner thoughts and emotions. It employs non-diegetic melancholic music by less mainstream artist Alex Turner to show Oliver's somber personality, in contrast to more upbeat music typically used in mainstream films. Scene editing also contributes to the independent film style, like closely zooming shots that build intensity during Oliver's first kiss, combined with increasing diegetic train sounds to convey Oliver's sense of relief, rather than long static shots often used in mainstream films. Through these micro-level directorial choices, Submarine presents itself as an independent film that explores Oliver's unique individual characteristics.
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1. Disney was the most profitable studio in 2014, generating $1.7 billion thanks to the success of Frozen and Guardians of the Galaxy.
2. 21st Century Fox had its most profitable year with $1.5 billion from films like Dawn of the Planet of the Apes and X-Men: Days of Future Past.
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【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
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一模一样【微信：A575476】【美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校毕业证（ucsd毕业证书）成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
HOW TO USE PINTEREST_by: Clarissa Credito
This tutorial offers a step-by-step guide on how to effectively use Pinterest. It covers the basics such as account creation and navigation, as well as advanced techniques including creating eye-catching pins and optimizing your profile. The tutorial also explores collaboration and networking on the platform. With visual illustrations and clear instructions, this tutorial will equip you with the skills to navigate Pinterest confidently and achieve your goals.
Cherries 32 collection of colorful paintings
The cherry: beauty, softness, its heart-shaped plastic has inspired artists since Antiquity. Cherries and strawberries were considered the fruits of paradise and thus represented the souls of men.
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Audiences and institutions
- 1. Audiences and Institutions- area 6 EXAM QUESTION: “Mediaproduction is dominatedby global institutions,whichsell their products and servicesto national audiences.” To what extentdo you agree with thisstatement? Jan 2010 Hollywoodisdominant.Americancinemachainsshow Americanmovies. Britishindependentfilmdoesn’thave the budgettocompete withthe moneyspenton ‘talent’,SFXandmarketing However,since the digitalisationof camerasandprojectors,Britishcinema canoperate ina more cost effectivewayandtargetnational audiences. Cinemaslike Hollywoodblockbustersbecause theywill bringinrevenue.Cinemasonlymake moneyfromsalesof extras(popcorn drinksetc.),sotheywantto screenfilmsthatwill guarantee anaudience. WorkingTitle,anindependentarthouse productioncompanywhoare subsidiaryto oligopolyconglomerateUniversalStudios,producedanddistributedthe 2013 film“The World’sEnd” bydirectorEdgar Wright. All Britishfilmsmust,to acertainextent,tryto secure some level of successoverseas. Nowthat Universal Pictureshave amajoritystake,thisisperhapsparticularlytrue of WorkingTitle. Theyhave notenjoyedhuge successinthe USA,butit issignificantthatWE , playson a particulartype of Britishness. Americanaudiencesare perhapsparticularlydrawntoBritishfilmswhichseemto corroborate theirownsense of Britishness. It isnotable thata filmlike WEactuallyfeaturesmanyof the TRADITIONALPERSPECTIVESOF BRITAIN,the village life,cobbledstreets,andthe traditional pubs. Gettinginternationalaudiencestowatcha Britishfilmisnotalwayseasy.Perhapsthe best wayis to make sure that the filmisseentobe insome wayquintessentiallyEnglish. While itmaynot have the multimediaexperience thatPrometheususedforits advertisementcampaign,ithadaverystrong marketingcampaign.Due tothe franchise nature of the “cornettotrilogy”,the marketing campaignwas able toplayoff of this. For instance, the firsttwofilms(“Shaunof the Dead”and“Hot Fuzz”) were shownonFilm Four inanticipationof “The World’sEnd”beingreleased. Thisalsoworkswell asWorking Title oftenworkinpartnershipwithChannel 4filmssothere wasan alreadyestablished relationshipbetweenthe twocountries,makingthe arrangementscheaperandeasier. A summerrelease forafilmisveryimportantaspeople lackthe time togo see filmsduring termtime.The summerrelease didnothelpWorkingTitle make theirmoneyon"The WorldsEnd" howeverasthere wasa heatwave duringone of the twoweeksitwasbeing exhibited,thusshowinghoweventhe climate canaffectthe moneyafilmmakes. Developmentof technologyhasmade productioncostscheaper. WEwas able touse CGI/expensivecameraequipment,etc.tomake a filmthatwas aestheticallypleasing. The trilogyappealstolocal and national audiencesbecause of the trilogy –example there were 2 differentadsmade,one foran Americanaudience and2ndfora British. They wantedto ensure theyappealedtobothtypesof audiences,therefore gaininga widerreachintermsof audience.
- 2. FILM4 IS PARTOF TV ANDFILM theyare connectedto the trilogy. Theyshowedthe other2 filmsonthischannel before the release of the film. Thistype of media convergence ensuresanaudience forthe thirdfilm. Both indie filmsWhiplashandWorldsEndcan attemptto compete withthe majors because of the developmentof technologyandthe changingownershippatterns.