This document provides excerpts from the USDA's National Organic Program regulations regarding standards for organic crop production. It includes standards for all certified organic operations, crop production specific standards for land requirements, soil fertility and nutrient management, seeds and planting stock, crop rotation, pest and disease management, and wild crop harvesting. Lists of synthetic substances allowed and non-synthetic substances prohibited for use in organic crop production are also provided. The introduction explains that this is not a complete summary of all standards and should be used together with other relevant organic standards documents.
This document discusses three steps for ensuring compliant use of materials for organic production and handling according to the USDA's National Organic Program. First, operators must understand the relevant NOP regulations regarding allowed and prohibited materials. Second, operators must include all materials in their Organic System Plan and get approval from their certifier. Third, operators must document all material purchases and uses and keep records for at least five years. Following these steps helps ensure materials are used correctly according to organic standards.
On September 17, the Organic Council of Ontario hosted a webinar on proposed changes to the Canadian Organic Standards. Public comments will be accepted by the Canadian General Standards Board until September 30, 2019.
Panelists included: Hugh Martin, Rob Wallbridge, Joel Aitken, Norm Hansen, Rochelle Eisen, Simon Jacques, Nicole Boudreau
Organic Standards for Livestock Production: Excerpts of USDA's National Organ...ElisaMendelsohn
This document provides excerpts from the USDA's National Organic Program regulations regarding standards for organic livestock production. It summarizes key requirements in three areas: recordkeeping that must be kept by certified organic operations; the organic system plan that must be submitted; and standards for the origin of livestock, livestock feed, health care practices, and living conditions. The full regulations address additional aspects of organic crop and handling standards that producers must also follow.
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for HandlersElisaMendelsohn
The document is a compliance checklist for organic handlers developed by the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT) with funding from the USDA National Organic Program. It contains over 100 questions organized into 8 sections to help handlers evaluate how their operation complies with the National Organic Program standards. The checklist addresses topics such as allowed and prohibited substances, product composition requirements, labeling guidelines, and recordkeeping. It is intended to assist handlers and certifiers in ensuring operations meet federal organic regulations.
Good agricultural-practices-GAPs by Md. Abdul Momin Sheikhmsheikh14
Good Agricultural Practices (GAP): Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) are practices that
ensure environmental, economical & social
sustainability for on-farm practices (and post
production practices) resulting in safe and quality food
and non-food agricultural products. -FAO
1. The document discusses Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) which are a set of principles for produce safety including using safe water sources, proper manure use and handling, worker health and hygiene, field and packing facility sanitation, transportation practices, and traceability.
2. Common produce items associated with foodborne illness outbreaks from 1998-2008 included leafy greens, tomatoes, and melons. Produce contamination can come from water, manure, soil, insects, equipment, and human handling.
3. The eight GAPs principles are outlined relating to water source, manure use, worker health, facilities, field sanitation, transportation, and traceability. Following GAPs enhances produce safety
On Farm Food Safety with GAPs and FSMA
1) Foodborne illness affects millions of Americans each year, costing lives and billions of dollars. The Produce Safety Rule under FSMA aims to help prevent contamination of fresh produce to reduce foodborne illness. 2) GAPs (Good Agricultural Practices) are voluntary standards for farms to minimize risks of microbial, chemical, and physical hazards in fresh produce. The eight principles of GAPs include preventing contamination, following all laws, and maintaining records for accountability. 3) The Produce Safety Rule establishes science-based minimum standards for the safe growing, harvesting, packing, and holding of fruits and vegetables. It sets requirements for water, soil amendments, sprouts, animals,
This document discusses three steps for ensuring compliant use of materials for organic production and handling according to the USDA's National Organic Program. First, operators must understand the relevant NOP regulations regarding allowed and prohibited materials. Second, operators must include all materials in their Organic System Plan and get approval from their certifier. Third, operators must document all material purchases and uses and keep records for at least five years. Following these steps helps ensure materials are used correctly according to organic standards.
On September 17, the Organic Council of Ontario hosted a webinar on proposed changes to the Canadian Organic Standards. Public comments will be accepted by the Canadian General Standards Board until September 30, 2019.
Panelists included: Hugh Martin, Rob Wallbridge, Joel Aitken, Norm Hansen, Rochelle Eisen, Simon Jacques, Nicole Boudreau
Organic Standards for Livestock Production: Excerpts of USDA's National Organ...ElisaMendelsohn
This document provides excerpts from the USDA's National Organic Program regulations regarding standards for organic livestock production. It summarizes key requirements in three areas: recordkeeping that must be kept by certified organic operations; the organic system plan that must be submitted; and standards for the origin of livestock, livestock feed, health care practices, and living conditions. The full regulations address additional aspects of organic crop and handling standards that producers must also follow.
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for HandlersElisaMendelsohn
The document is a compliance checklist for organic handlers developed by the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT) with funding from the USDA National Organic Program. It contains over 100 questions organized into 8 sections to help handlers evaluate how their operation complies with the National Organic Program standards. The checklist addresses topics such as allowed and prohibited substances, product composition requirements, labeling guidelines, and recordkeeping. It is intended to assist handlers and certifiers in ensuring operations meet federal organic regulations.
Good agricultural-practices-GAPs by Md. Abdul Momin Sheikhmsheikh14
Good Agricultural Practices (GAP): Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) are practices that
ensure environmental, economical & social
sustainability for on-farm practices (and post
production practices) resulting in safe and quality food
and non-food agricultural products. -FAO
1. The document discusses Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) which are a set of principles for produce safety including using safe water sources, proper manure use and handling, worker health and hygiene, field and packing facility sanitation, transportation practices, and traceability.
2. Common produce items associated with foodborne illness outbreaks from 1998-2008 included leafy greens, tomatoes, and melons. Produce contamination can come from water, manure, soil, insects, equipment, and human handling.
3. The eight GAPs principles are outlined relating to water source, manure use, worker health, facilities, field sanitation, transportation, and traceability. Following GAPs enhances produce safety
On Farm Food Safety with GAPs and FSMA
1) Foodborne illness affects millions of Americans each year, costing lives and billions of dollars. The Produce Safety Rule under FSMA aims to help prevent contamination of fresh produce to reduce foodborne illness. 2) GAPs (Good Agricultural Practices) are voluntary standards for farms to minimize risks of microbial, chemical, and physical hazards in fresh produce. The eight principles of GAPs include preventing contamination, following all laws, and maintaining records for accountability. 3) The Produce Safety Rule establishes science-based minimum standards for the safe growing, harvesting, packing, and holding of fruits and vegetables. It sets requirements for water, soil amendments, sprouts, animals,
Preparing for an Organic Inspection: Steps and ChecklistsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides guidance for organic producers and handlers to prepare for their annual organic certification inspection. It outlines four key steps: 1) Review the sections of the National Organic Standards relevant to your operation; 2) Review your Organic Systems Plan and ensure it is up to date; 3) Review any past communications from your certifier; 4) Gather your records using the provided organic inspection checklists. Following these steps will help your inspection go more smoothly and ensure your operation is fully compliant with organic standards.
Best practice part a compliance management-Woody WangSimba Events
This document provides an overview of Selerant's food compliance management service. It discusses laws and regulations management, including searching and structuring food laws and regulations data from over 100 countries. It also covers managing raw material specifications, calculating raw material compliance against limits in laws and regulations, and calculating formula compliance. The document includes screenshots demonstrating how Selerant's software allows users to perform these compliance management tasks in a structured manner using its global food laws and regulations database.
Organic foods have experienced dramatic growth over the past two decades in the United States. Organic foods are produced without synthetic pesticides, antibiotics, or genetically modified ingredients. Several studies have found that pesticide residues are much more likely to be detected in conventional foods compared to organic foods, with residues appearing at lower frequencies and levels in organic foods. While pesticide residues in both conventional and organic foods generally fall within regulatory limits, the detection of residues at lower levels and frequencies in organic foods suggests they may pose less health risks related to pesticide exposure compared to conventional foods.
This document summarizes key information about organic certification standards and requirements. It discusses consumer expectations for organic products including being free from pesticides and synthetic chemicals. It also summarizes the Codex Alimentarius definition of organic as products produced according to organic standards and certified by an authorized body. The document outlines the growth of the organic marketplace in countries like the US. It then discusses the purpose of certification in providing customer assurance and government requirements. It provides examples of major government certification schemes and private certifiers. It also summarizes the requirements for an organic system plan including practices and procedures, substance use, recordkeeping, and management to prevent commingling.
Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) are a voluntary program that outlines seven practices for fresh produce growers to minimize food safety hazards. The seven practices are: 1) Preventing microbial contamination, 2) Implementing a food safety program, 3) Avoiding contamination from human or animal feces, 4) Ensuring water quality, 5) Properly using animal manures and municipal wastes, 6) Maintaining worker hygiene and sanitation, and 7) Following all applicable laws and regulations. GAPs were created based on Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) principles to address contamination issues from production to distribution of fresh fruits and vegetables.
This document provides organic field crop documentation forms for farmers to record information needed to demonstrate compliance with organic regulations. It includes forms for activities, inputs, seeds and planting stock, compost production, soil and pest monitoring, harvest records, and storage records for on-farm and off-farm storage of organic and conventional crops. The forms are intended to help farmers keep organized records of their practices to showcase they are farming organically as outlined in their organic system plan.
This document provides background on the concepts of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). It discusses how GAP evolved from agricultural research and extension guidelines aimed at increasing productivity and farmer income. More recently, GAP has taken on increased importance due to demands from food markets for assurances around food safety, environmental, and social standards. The document outlines the history of GAP framework development at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), including defining common GAP principles, guidance from a Committee on Agriculture, and an expert consultation that defined a GAP concept for FAO focusing on developing country contexts.
Organic Orchard, Vineyard, and Berry Crop Documentation FormsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides organic orchard, vineyard, and berry crop documentation forms for farmers to record information required to demonstrate compliance with the USDA National Organic Program. The forms include logs for recording activities, inputs, establishment practices, planting stock, fertility monitoring, pest monitoring, and harvest details for each crop block. Instructions are provided on the purpose and use of the forms.
Now a days due to the higher number of residues were found in our food. Good Agricultural Practice(GAP) helps to reduces the amount of pesticides and other harmful chemical with the help of effective agricultural practice. Here, I serve the concept of GAP, Why it is require, and who to achieve it. Alternatively it result in better crop yield and getting good prize in market.
Organic certification in India ensures that products are grown without chemical fertilizers, pesticides, or hormones by complying with National Standards for Organic Production. Certification is issued by testing centers accredited by APEDA and involves an application process, inspections, and payment of certification fees. The entire farm must undergo a three-year conversion period to be certified as organic and must maintain organic management practices on a long-term basis to retain certification. Certified organic practices include using organic seeds, implementing crop rotations and diversity, managing pests naturally, and conserving soil and water resources. Benefits of certification include premium prices, access to growing markets, and environmental sustainability.
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for ProducersElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a compliance checklist for producers seeking organic certification under the National Organic Program. It covers general certification requirements and details practices and procedures, inputs, monitoring, recordkeeping, and other information required in an organic system plan. The checklist is intended to help producers assess compliance with USDA organic regulations and make the certification process easier for producers, inspectors, and certifiers. It refers users to additional resources on organic crop and livestock production.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize long-term productivity and efficiency within the limitations of the land. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management
The document summarizes the organic certification process for agricultural producers and handlers in the United States. It outlines the key steps: 1) selecting a certifier, 2) submitting an application and organic system plan, 3) review by the certifier, 4) an on-site inspection, 5) review of the inspection report, and 6) receiving organic certification if compliant. It describes the purposes of inspection as building consumer confidence in organic labels and improving farm management practices through record keeping. Benefits include understanding standards and identifying and solving production problems.
This document provides information about edible landscaping and lists many books on the topic. It begins by noting that some web browser links may not work properly with Microsoft Internet Explorer and recommends alternative browsers. It then provides a long list of book titles and links related to edible landscaping, food gardens, edible plants and flowers, landscaping with fruits and vegetables, and using edible plants in landscape design. The document resources cover topics like growing, cooking with, and designing with edible flowers, fruits, vegetables and other edible plants.
This document discusses data preprocessing techniques. It explains that real-world data is often dirty, incomplete, noisy, and inconsistent. The main tasks in data preprocessing are data cleaning, integration, reduction, and transformation. Data cleaning involves filling in missing values, smoothing noisy data, and resolving inconsistencies. Data integration combines data from multiple sources. Data reduction techniques include dimensionality reduction, numerosity reduction, and data compression. Data transformation includes normalization, aggregation, and discretization.
The document provides details about an upcoming general quiz called "The Pledge" hosted by Ashish Thakur and Biswajit Panda. It outlines the structure of the quiz, including prelims, 8 quarters of questions, and a connect round. It provides some sample questions and answers to familiarize participants with the format and difficulty of questions that may be asked.
Preparing for an Organic Inspection: Steps and ChecklistsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides guidance for organic producers and handlers to prepare for their annual organic certification inspection. It outlines four key steps: 1) Review the sections of the National Organic Standards relevant to your operation; 2) Review your Organic Systems Plan and ensure it is up to date; 3) Review any past communications from your certifier; 4) Gather your records using the provided organic inspection checklists. Following these steps will help your inspection go more smoothly and ensure your operation is fully compliant with organic standards.
Best practice part a compliance management-Woody WangSimba Events
This document provides an overview of Selerant's food compliance management service. It discusses laws and regulations management, including searching and structuring food laws and regulations data from over 100 countries. It also covers managing raw material specifications, calculating raw material compliance against limits in laws and regulations, and calculating formula compliance. The document includes screenshots demonstrating how Selerant's software allows users to perform these compliance management tasks in a structured manner using its global food laws and regulations database.
Organic foods have experienced dramatic growth over the past two decades in the United States. Organic foods are produced without synthetic pesticides, antibiotics, or genetically modified ingredients. Several studies have found that pesticide residues are much more likely to be detected in conventional foods compared to organic foods, with residues appearing at lower frequencies and levels in organic foods. While pesticide residues in both conventional and organic foods generally fall within regulatory limits, the detection of residues at lower levels and frequencies in organic foods suggests they may pose less health risks related to pesticide exposure compared to conventional foods.
This document summarizes key information about organic certification standards and requirements. It discusses consumer expectations for organic products including being free from pesticides and synthetic chemicals. It also summarizes the Codex Alimentarius definition of organic as products produced according to organic standards and certified by an authorized body. The document outlines the growth of the organic marketplace in countries like the US. It then discusses the purpose of certification in providing customer assurance and government requirements. It provides examples of major government certification schemes and private certifiers. It also summarizes the requirements for an organic system plan including practices and procedures, substance use, recordkeeping, and management to prevent commingling.
Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) are a voluntary program that outlines seven practices for fresh produce growers to minimize food safety hazards. The seven practices are: 1) Preventing microbial contamination, 2) Implementing a food safety program, 3) Avoiding contamination from human or animal feces, 4) Ensuring water quality, 5) Properly using animal manures and municipal wastes, 6) Maintaining worker hygiene and sanitation, and 7) Following all applicable laws and regulations. GAPs were created based on Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) principles to address contamination issues from production to distribution of fresh fruits and vegetables.
This document provides organic field crop documentation forms for farmers to record information needed to demonstrate compliance with organic regulations. It includes forms for activities, inputs, seeds and planting stock, compost production, soil and pest monitoring, harvest records, and storage records for on-farm and off-farm storage of organic and conventional crops. The forms are intended to help farmers keep organized records of their practices to showcase they are farming organically as outlined in their organic system plan.
This document provides background on the concepts of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). It discusses how GAP evolved from agricultural research and extension guidelines aimed at increasing productivity and farmer income. More recently, GAP has taken on increased importance due to demands from food markets for assurances around food safety, environmental, and social standards. The document outlines the history of GAP framework development at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), including defining common GAP principles, guidance from a Committee on Agriculture, and an expert consultation that defined a GAP concept for FAO focusing on developing country contexts.
Organic Orchard, Vineyard, and Berry Crop Documentation FormsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides organic orchard, vineyard, and berry crop documentation forms for farmers to record information required to demonstrate compliance with the USDA National Organic Program. The forms include logs for recording activities, inputs, establishment practices, planting stock, fertility monitoring, pest monitoring, and harvest details for each crop block. Instructions are provided on the purpose and use of the forms.
Now a days due to the higher number of residues were found in our food. Good Agricultural Practice(GAP) helps to reduces the amount of pesticides and other harmful chemical with the help of effective agricultural practice. Here, I serve the concept of GAP, Why it is require, and who to achieve it. Alternatively it result in better crop yield and getting good prize in market.
Organic certification in India ensures that products are grown without chemical fertilizers, pesticides, or hormones by complying with National Standards for Organic Production. Certification is issued by testing centers accredited by APEDA and involves an application process, inspections, and payment of certification fees. The entire farm must undergo a three-year conversion period to be certified as organic and must maintain organic management practices on a long-term basis to retain certification. Certified organic practices include using organic seeds, implementing crop rotations and diversity, managing pests naturally, and conserving soil and water resources. Benefits of certification include premium prices, access to growing markets, and environmental sustainability.
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for ProducersElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a compliance checklist for producers seeking organic certification under the National Organic Program. It covers general certification requirements and details practices and procedures, inputs, monitoring, recordkeeping, and other information required in an organic system plan. The checklist is intended to help producers assess compliance with USDA organic regulations and make the certification process easier for producers, inspectors, and certifiers. It refers users to additional resources on organic crop and livestock production.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize long-term productivity and efficiency within the limitations of the land. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management
The document summarizes the organic certification process for agricultural producers and handlers in the United States. It outlines the key steps: 1) selecting a certifier, 2) submitting an application and organic system plan, 3) review by the certifier, 4) an on-site inspection, 5) review of the inspection report, and 6) receiving organic certification if compliant. It describes the purposes of inspection as building consumer confidence in organic labels and improving farm management practices through record keeping. Benefits include understanding standards and identifying and solving production problems.
This document provides information about edible landscaping and lists many books on the topic. It begins by noting that some web browser links may not work properly with Microsoft Internet Explorer and recommends alternative browsers. It then provides a long list of book titles and links related to edible landscaping, food gardens, edible plants and flowers, landscaping with fruits and vegetables, and using edible plants in landscape design. The document resources cover topics like growing, cooking with, and designing with edible flowers, fruits, vegetables and other edible plants.
This document discusses data preprocessing techniques. It explains that real-world data is often dirty, incomplete, noisy, and inconsistent. The main tasks in data preprocessing are data cleaning, integration, reduction, and transformation. Data cleaning involves filling in missing values, smoothing noisy data, and resolving inconsistencies. Data integration combines data from multiple sources. Data reduction techniques include dimensionality reduction, numerosity reduction, and data compression. Data transformation includes normalization, aggregation, and discretization.
The document provides details about an upcoming general quiz called "The Pledge" hosted by Ashish Thakur and Biswajit Panda. It outlines the structure of the quiz, including prelims, 8 quarters of questions, and a connect round. It provides some sample questions and answers to familiarize participants with the format and difficulty of questions that may be asked.
The document summarizes the results of several karate competitions in different weight classes that took place at the 2014 Karate1 Premier League event in Okinawa, Japan. In the female seniors kata individual competition, Shimizu Kiyou of Japan defeated Kajikawa Rimi of Japan. In the male seniors kata individual competition, Kiyuna Ryo of Japan defeated Oki Itaru of Japan. In the male seniors +84kg kumite individual competition, Sanchooli Iman of Iran defeated Erkan Enes of Turkey. In the male seniors -84kg kumite individual competition, Aragi Ryutaro of Japan defeated Tzanos Michail-Georgios of Greece.
This document discusses several topics:
1) It references the proverb "absence makes the heart grow fonder" and analyzes a poem by Thomas Hardy that illustrates this concept.
2) It describes the author's feelings of regret and guilt over not being present for their grandfather's passing.
3) It examines how modern competitive work cultures can negatively impact family relationships and increase stress and isolation for elderly relatives.
This document contains information about HTML elements, tags, attributes and other basic building blocks of HTML. It discusses common elements like <head>, <body>, <title>, <p>, <h1> and their purpose. It also covers attributes, colors, lists, links, images and how to format text. The document is a tutorial for someone learning HTML basics.
The Meditech SPO2 Module MD200 is a low-power oxygen monitor module that can measure oxygen saturation and pulse rate in infants, children, and adults. It has an operating voltage of 5V, measures oxygen saturation from 50-100% with an accuracy of ±2, and pulse rate from 30-235 beats per minute with an accuracy of greater than ±2 beats per minute or ±2%. The module is compatible with BCI probes and can transmit data in real time.
Manual: 2005 and Newer - LS2 LS3 Drive By EFI Wiring Harness PSI Conversion
Specifically designed for complete wiring
harness for the fuel injection system on General Motors 2005 and newer- LS2/LS3 Gen IV fuel
injected engines with Drive By Cable Throttle Body and 4L60E or 4L80E transmission. If using a
58x Engine (LS3, etc) then a Lingenfelter Crank Signal Converter box (available through PSI) is
required so the 411 PCM (Red/Blue Connectors) can be utilized. The factory E38 or E67 controller
does not have the ability to operate a cable throttle body. If using a 24x LS2 no converter box is
required, however a 411 PCM (Red/Blue Connectors) is required.
This harness is constructed with GM Delphi Connectors and Terminals with GXL/TXL (600 volt
polyethylene cross-linked) wire which is professionally assembled and 100% quality inspected prior
to shipping. This harness includes all wiring that is needed by the PCM to run and control the fuel
injection system and transmission.
Information Technology in Sports (by Chris and Sean)ChrisEluva
This is our Professional skills assignment 4 (2BCT2) .
We used these slides to discuss the idea of how I.T is used in sports now and how it will be used in the future.
It is primarily made from images acquired from Google !! (We couldn't find much creative commons images).
We've used examples like the hawk eye system, IT in Olympics, Rugby ref cam etc.. to illustrate our topic.
1. The document describes the design process for constructing a digipak for musician Hayden Calnin's EP. A photo of Hayden was selected as the basis for the album artwork and provides the mood of his music. The photo was color balanced to achieve a faded sepia tone.
2. The back panel displays the track listing and includes a brief description of Hayden and his music. It also includes the necessary legal information.
3. Page 5 keeps a minimalist design with the lyrics anchored to the left side and a light, blurred image in the background to provide an abstract backdrop for the lyrics.
Har 1019 Vortec Swap Wiring Harness Instructions - EFI Conversion from PSIPSI Conversion
This document provides instructions for installing a 1998-2002 GM Vortec drive-by-cable electronic fuel injection wiring harness. It includes details on pre-installation requirements, tools needed, harness routing, and installation steps. Key components of the harness are the engine compartment and dash sections, which are separated by a firewall grommet. Proper grounding and sensor selection are emphasized. The instructions provide diagrams and describe routing wires to sensors and connecting the engine and dash sections.
The internet, also known as the World Wide Web, connects computers around the world and allows users to search for information on any topic using search engines, which provide lists of websites with information about the search topic that can then be explored, though the information found should be verified with other sources.
The document discusses three basic steps for organic producers and handlers to ensure compliant use of materials under the USDA's National Organic Program:
1. Understand the relevant NOP regulations by reviewing the full standards and identifying sections that address allowed and prohibited materials for your type of operation.
2. Create an Organic System Plan listing all materials to be used and obtain approval from your certifier before using any materials.
3. Document all material purchases and applications, and retain records for at least five years.
Following these three steps helps operations use materials correctly according to the standards and avoids issues that could require restarting the three-year transition to organic certification.
Organic Standards for Livestock Production: Excerpts of USDA's National Organ...Gardening
The document summarizes key standards from the USDA's National Organic Program regarding organic livestock production. It provides verbatim excerpts from the regulations on requirements for record keeping by certified organic operations, organic system plans, the origin of livestock and livestock feed, healthcare practices, living conditions, pasture practice, temporary variances, and allowed/prohibited substances. The introduction provides context on the development and purpose of the national organic standards.
Organic Standards for Crop Production: Highlights of the USDA's National Orga...ElisaMendelsohn
This document provides excerpts from the USDA's National Organic Program regulations regarding standards for organic crop production. It summarizes key standards for land requirements, soil fertility and nutrient management, seeds and planting stock, crop rotation, and pest, weed and disease management. The excerpts also list synthetic and non-synthetic substances that are allowed or prohibited for use in organic crop production according to the National List.
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for ProducersGardening
This document provides a compliance checklist for organic producers. It was developed by the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT) with funds from the USDA National Organic Program and Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. The checklist is intended to help producers assess if their farm or operation is compliant with the National Organic Program standards. It covers general certification information, production practices and procedures, inputs, monitoring, recordkeeping, and other requirements. Additional resources on organic certification and production are also listed.
Organic System Plan (OSP) Templates for CertifiersGardening
This document provides templates for organic system plans (OSPs) that can be used by organic certifying agencies. It includes templates for organic farm plans, organic farm plan updates, organic livestock plans, and organic handling plans. The templates are designed to address the requirements for OSPs under the National Organic Program, including practices, inputs, monitoring, recordkeeping, management, and other information required. The templates are available for certifiers and others to adapt as needed.
Preparing for an Organic Inspection: Steps and Checklists Gardening
This document provides checklists and guidance to help organic producers and handlers prepare for their annual organic certification inspection. It outlines four key steps for inspection preparation: reviewing relevant sections of the USDA organic standards; updating your organic system plan; reviewing any previous communications from your certifier; and gathering your records using the inspection checklists provided. These checklists cover documentation needed for crop and livestock production as well as handling facilities, including records of inputs, production practices, sales, and measures to prevent commingling and contamination. Following these steps and having complete documentation will help ensure a smooth certification inspection process.
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for HandlersGardening
This document provides a compliance checklist for organic handlers to evaluate how their handling or processing operation complies with the USDA National Organic Program standards. The checklist is divided into eight sections that correspond to the categories required in an organic system plan. The checklist includes questions about practices and procedures, product composition, labeling, facility pest management, equipment cleaning and maintenance, recordkeeping, and nonorganic production. Respondents check "yes", "no", or "not applicable" boxes to indicate compliance. The purpose is to help handlers and certifiers assess compliance with federal organic regulations.
Difference between NPOP vs NOP focused toward to the sections of certification, production, processing and handling of the respective organic standard guidelines.
The document describes the U.S. Soy Sustainability Assurance Protocol, which certifies that soybeans were produced in compliance with U.S. laws and best practices. It outlines directives regarding biodiversity, production practices, public health, and continuous improvement. Key points include requirements to avoid production on wetlands, forests, or protected areas; follow conservation tillage and crop rotation; and implement precision farming techniques to reduce environmental impacts while increasing efficiency. The protocol is verified by annual producer self-audits and USDA third-party audits to ensure sustainability.
Potatoes: Organic Production and Marketing Gardening
This document outlines organic potato production practices including fertility and nutrient management, pest management, harvesting, storage, and marketing. Key points include:
- Organic potato producers must use certified organic seed potatoes unless not commercially available and adhere to certification guidelines excluding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
- Fertility is managed through animal manures, compost, and crop rotations. Rotations of 4-7 years between potato crops are recommended to reduce pests and build soil health.
- Pest management uses biointensive IPM including rotations with non-host crops, organic matter additions, and biorational controls for insects, diseases, weeds, and nematodes.
- Harvesting, curing
National Organic Program Compliance Checklist for ProducersElisaMendelsohn
The document is a compliance checklist for producers seeking organic certification from the USDA's National Organic Program (NOP). It contains over 100 questions organized into 7 sections addressing various aspects of organic production and handling practices, inputs, monitoring, recordkeeping, and other requirements. The checklist is intended to help producers and certifiers evaluate compliance with NOP standards in an efficient manner. Additional resources on organic certification and developing an organic system plan are also listed.
This document provides an overview of organic sweet corn production. It discusses key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, crop rotations, weed control, insect pest management, diseases, harvesting, postharvest handling, marketing and economics. The summary focuses on organic farming practices for sweet corn including relying on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and organic fertilizers for soil fertility and pest management. It also discusses National Organic Program certification requirements and challenges with weed and insect control in organic systems.
Similar to Organic Standards for Crop Production: Highlights of the USDA's National Organic Program Regulations (20)
Este documento contiene una lista de más de 50 libros en español relacionados con la agricultura ecológica, orgánica y sostenible. Incluye títulos como "25 años de agricultura orgánica: Una experiencia en el archipiélago de Chiloé", "Abonos, lombricultura y compostaje" y "Agricultura ecológica: Manual y guía didáctica". Para cada libro se proporciona el autor, enlace a Google Books y otros sitios web para encontrar y comprar el libro.
City Farming, Backyard Farming & Urban FarmingGardening
The document provides a collection of links to resources about city farming, urban agriculture, and urban forestry. It includes links to articles, manuals, books, and websites on topics such as urban farming systems, the economic and social impacts of urban agriculture and forestry, policy issues around urban natural resource use, and case studies of specific city farming programs from locations around the world. The links provide research and information for those interested in learning about approaches to integrating food production and natural resource management into urban and peri-urban areas.
Pesticides are Hurting Your Child’s EducationGardening
Pesticides are linked to lower performance in schools in 3 ways:
1. Prenatal exposure to pesticides can lead to poorer motor development in children by age 2.
2. Exposure to organophosphate pesticides is linked to lower IQs in young children, resulting in 17 million lost IQ points.
3. Studies link pesticide exposure to higher rates of ADHD diagnoses in children. Reducing pesticide exposure through an organic diet can lower levels by 90%.
Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with ChildrenGardening
The document provides links to numerous books about establishing and maintaining edible schoolyard gardens to teach students about healthy eating and nutrition. Some of the books discuss the origins and philosophy of the edible schoolyard movement started by Alice Waters, while others provide practical guidance on creating gardens and incorporating them into lesson plans and classroom activities. The books cover topics like designing organic gardens, engaging young children in gardening, integrating gardens into the school curriculum, and using gardens to promote healthy, sustainable food practices.
This document provides information on companion planting and polyculture gardening techniques. It discusses the traditional Native American "Three Sisters" companion planting of corn, beans, and squash. It explains how these three plants benefit each other. The document then discusses other benefits of companion planting such as attracting beneficial insects, decreasing disease and pests, and increasing yields. It describes polyculture gardening, which involves planting many different crops together to increase biodiversity. Examples of successful companion planting and polyculture projects in Africa and South America are also discussed.
The document provides links to free manuals, books, and resources about organic gardening and farming techniques, including companion planting, rainwater harvesting, green roofs, solar energy, volunteering on organic farms in Europe, and development projects related to eco-friendly topics like coffee, solar energy, and helping address hunger. It encourages using these free resources to boost garden yields, learn organic composting and recycling, understand issues around pesticides, and explore volunteering and training opportunities in sustainable agriculture and energy.
This document contains over 100 links to publications, newsletters, fact sheets, and other resources related to xeriscape gardening and landscaping. The resources cover topics like the 7 stages of successful xeriscaping, water conservation tips, recommended plant lists for various regions, and more. The document provides a comprehensive list of informational materials on designing, installing, and maintaining water-efficient landscapes.
This document provides links to books and resources about keeping chickens and using chicken manure in organic gardening. It includes over 50 book listings with titles, authors and links to library catalogs and book retailers. It also provides additional links to information on topics like composting, soil health, rainwater harvesting, and organic gardening techniques.
This document provides summaries of and links to numerous books and resources about urban beekeeping and beekeeping topics. It begins by noting some browser compatibility issues and then lists over 50 books on topics like urban beekeeping, top-bar beekeeping, natural beekeeping approaches, mason bees, and bee health. Links are provided to purchase or borrow each book from various sources.
Garden Wicking Beds = Water Wise GardeningGardening
Wicking beds are a high-yield, water-efficient gardening system that works well for Perth's sandy soils and dry climate. They consist of a garden bed with a water-holding reservoir directly underneath. Water and nutrients that drain below the plant roots are absorbed back up by capillary action and evaporation. This keeps the soil moist with minimal water waste. DIY wicking beds can be made from materials like bathtubs, barrels or plastic-lined garden beds filled with a porous material like broken bricks to hold water in the reservoir space beneath the plants. Wicking beds require less watering and fertilizer than traditional gardens while providing high and reliable yields, making them a sustainable option for urban food growing.
Self Watering Container Gardens for Drought GardeningGardening
This document provides instructions for creating a self-watering container using two 20-liter buckets. The container is made by drilling holes in one bucket to use as an inner pot within the other bucket. A small plastic pot is secured in the bottom of the inner bucket to hold the plant. A plastic tube inserted down the center fills the space between the buckets with water. Following 12 steps allows one to assemble the container cheaply and easily for growing tomatoes, peppers or eggplants with less frequent watering needs. Though smaller than other self-watering designs, these buckets are quicker to build and can be moved easily while full of water and soil.
The author has been experimenting with and refining sustainable wicking worm beds over the past year. They have found that the beds use little water while maintaining moist soil conditions suitable for growing vegetables and supporting a thriving worm farm. The largest bed described is 2700mm by 1650mm by 600mm deep. It incorporates a worm farm to naturally fertilize the soil and minimize the need for external inputs. The author aims to replace their conventional garden beds with larger wicking worm beds that are self-sustaining ecosystems.
A Brief Overview of Nutrient Cycling in PasturesGardening
This document provides an overview of nutrient cycling in pastures through three key components: soil organisms, pasture plants, and grazing livestock. It describes how nutrients cycle naturally through the soil-plant-animal system when pastures are well-managed. Soil organisms like bacteria, fungi and earthworms break down organic matter and release nutrients in forms available to pasture plants. Plants take up nutrients from the soil and fix nitrogen in the case of legumes. Grazing livestock consume nutrients from forage but most are returned to the pasture through manure and urine, completing the nutrient cycle. Proper management, like rotational grazing and soil testing, can enhance this natural cycling of nutrients in pasture systems.
Adding Value through Sustainable Agriculture EntrepreneurshipGardening
The document provides resources for farmers and entrepreneurs in sustainable agriculture to develop value-added agricultural enterprises. It includes national and regional organizations, financing options, training programs, consultants, and books and websites that provide information on business skills, planning, marketing, financing, and managing agricultural ventures. A special section focuses on resources available in Southern states. The overall goal is to help farmers transition from traditional to sustainable agriculture and strengthen rural communities through entrepreneurship.
Adding Value to Farm Products: An OverviewGardening
This document discusses adding value to farm products through various means of processing and marketing. It distinguishes between capturing value through commodity processing and creating value through unique products and experiences. Starting a food business offers opportunities in specialty and niche markets but faces challenges from regulations and a competitive industry. Non-food options for adding value include crafts, entertainment, and producer cooperatives for energy and fiber. Success requires marketing skills, risk management, and adequate capital and expertise.
Agricultural Business Planning Templates and ResourcesGardening
This document provides resources for agricultural business planning, including templates, publications, and sources of assistance. It lists websites with business planning templates for various agricultural enterprises like chicken, dairy, and greenhouse operations. It also identifies publications from ATTRA and other organizations that can help with feasibility assessment and organic enterprise budgeting. Sources of personal assistance include SCORE and Small Business Development Centers. Software options for developing business plans include FINPACK and Business Plan Pro. Training courses are also identified.
Agriculture, Climate Change and Carbon SequestrationGardening
The document discusses how climate change influences agriculture and how agriculture influences climate change. It states that the Earth's average temperature has increased 1.3 degrees Fahrenheit over the past century and is projected to increase by 3.2 to 7.2 degrees this century. These increases could lengthen growing seasons but also increase drought risks. The document then outlines how agricultural practices like fertilizer use and livestock emissions contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, but that carbon can also be sequestered in soils through certain farming techniques.
This document provides an overview of agroforestry, which integrates trees and shrubs with crops and livestock to create multiple economic and environmental benefits. It describes common agroforestry practices including alleycropping, silvopasture, windbreaks, riparian buffer strips, and forest farming. While agroforestry systems offer advantages, they also involve complex interactions that require careful planning and management. The document provides examples of agroforestry operations and discusses marketing considerations for agroforestry products.
This document provides an overview of considerations for selecting, cultivating, and marketing alternative agronomic crops. It discusses inventorying farm resources to determine suitable alternative crops. Several categories of alternative crops are listed, including cereals, legumes, and oilseeds. Developing new crops requires research into cultivar collection, breeding, production practices, and markets. Resources for information on alternative crop research and production include various state universities and USDA groups. Marketing alternative crops requires exploring demand, competition, and potential markets.
ATTRA is the national sustainable agriculture information center operated by the USDA. It is located in Fayetteville, Arkansas and provides information to farmers and the public about sustainable and organic farming practices. This document discusses alternative control methods for johnsongrass, an invasive weed. It describes cultural, mechanical, and chemical strategies for managing johnsongrass populations, including crop rotation, tillage, mowing, grazing, and selective application of the herbicide Roundup. Maintaining the growth of johnsongrass to prevent root and rhizome development is an important component of effective control strategies.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
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core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
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advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
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The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
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to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
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providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
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Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
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2. Page 2 ATTRA Organic Standards for Crop Production
The following sections of Part 205 of the
National Organic Program are excerpted
below:
§ 205.200 General
§ 205.202 Land requirements
§ 205.203 Soil fertility and crop
nutrient management practice stan-
dard
§ 205.204 Seeds and planting stock
practice standard
§ 205.205 Crop rotation practice
standard
§ 205.206 Crop pest, weed and dis-
ease management practice standard
§ 205.207 Wild-crop harvesting prac-
tice standard
The National List of Allowed and
Prohibited Substances
§ 205.601 Synthetic substances
allowed for use in organic crop pro-
duction
§ 205.602 Non-synthetic substances
prohibited for use in organic crop pro-
duction.
§ 205.2 Terms defined [selected for
relevance to crop production].
Excerpts
§ 205.200 General
The producer or handler of a production
or handling operation intending to sell,
label or represent agricultural products as
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
“100-percent organic,” “organic” or “made
with organic specified ingredients or food
groups” must comply with the applicable
provisions of this subpart. Production
practices implemented in accordance with
this subpart must maintain or improve the
natural resources of the operation, includ-
ing soil and water quality.
§ 205.202 Land requirements
Any field or farm parcel from which har-
vested crops are intended to be sold,
labeled or represented as “organic” must:
(a) Have been managed in accordance
with the provisions of §§205.203
through 205.206;
(b) Have had no prohibited substances,
as listed in §205.105, applied to it for
a period of three years immediately
preceding harvest of the crop; and
(c) Have distinct, defined boundaries and
buffer zones such as runoff diversions
to prevent the unintended application
of a prohibited substance to the crop
or contact with a prohibited substance
applied to adjoining land that is not
under organic management.
§ 205.203 Soil fertility and crop
nutrient management practice
standard
(a) The producer must select and imple-
ment tillage and cultivation practices
that maintain or improve the physical,
chemical and biological condition of
soil and minimize soil erosion.
(b) The producer must manage crop
nutrients and soil fertility through
rotations, cover crops and the applica-
tion of plant and animal materials.
(c) The producer must manage plant
and animal materials to maintain or
improve soil organic matter content in
a manner that does not contribute to
contamination of crops, soil or water
by plant nutrients, pathogenic organ-
isms, heavy metals or residues of pro-
hibited substances. Animal and plant
materials include:
Note: e-CFR Data used in this publication is cur-
rent as of July 23, 2008.
Amendment dates are noted at the end of
certain sections, such as Defined terms, the
National List and also in some aspects of live-
stock production. Changes may be the result of
legal actions, petitions to add or remove materi-
als or technical corrections. Most other sections
of the Rule have not changed since their original
version. To find the most current version avail-
able, please go the electronic code of federal
regulations. See instructions in paragraph two
of the Introduction.
3. Page 3ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
(1) Raw animal manure, which must
be composted unless it is:
(i) Applied to land used for a
crop not intended for human
consumption;
(ii) Incorporated into the soil
not less than 120 days prior
to the harvest of a product
whose edible portion has
direct contact with the soil
surface or soil particles; or
(iii) Incorporated into the soil not
less than 90 days prior to the
harvest of a product whose
edible portion does not have
direct contact with the soil
surface or soil particles.
(2) Composted plant and animal
materials produced though a
process that:
(i) Established an initial C:N
ratio of between 25:1 and
40:1; and
(ii) Maintained a temperature of
between 131 degrees Fahren-
heit and 170 degrees Fahren-
heit for three days using an
in-vessel or static aerated pile
system; or
(iii) Maintained a temperature
of between 131 and 170
degrees for 15 days using
a windrow composting sys-
tem, during which period the
materials must be turned a
minimum of five times.
(3) Uncomposted plant materials.
(d) A producer may manage crop nutri-
ents and soil fertility to maintain or
improve soil organic matter content in
a manner that does not contribute to
contamination of crops, soil or water
by plant nutrients, pathogenic organ-
isms, heavy metals or residues of pro-
hibited substances by applying:
(1) A crop nutrient or soil amendment
included on the National List of
synthetic substances allowed for
use in organic crop production;
(2) A mined substance of low
solubility;
(3) A mined substance of high solubil-
ity, provided that the substance is
used in compliance with the condi-
tions established on the National
List of non-synthetic materials
prohibited for crop production;
(4) Ash obtained from the burn-
ing of a plant or animal material,
except as prohibited in paragraph
(e) of this section, provided that
the material burned has not been
treated or combined with a pro-
hibited substance or the ash is not
included on the National List of
non-synthetic substances prohib-
ited for use in organic crop
production; and
(5) A plant or animal material that
has been chemically altered by a
manufacturing process, provided
that the material is included on
the National List of synthetic sub-
stances allowed for use in organic
crop production established in
§205.601.
(e) The producer must not use:
(1) Any fertilizer or composted plant
and animal material that contains
a synthetic substance not included
on the National List of synthetic
substances allowed for use in
organic crop production;
(2) Sewage sludge (biosolids) as
defined in 40 CFR Part 503; and
(3) Burning as a means of disposal
for crop residues produced on the
operation except that burning may
be used to suppress the spread
of disease or to stimulate seed
germination.
4. Page 4 ATTRA Organic Standards for Crop Production
§ 205.204 Seeds and planting stock
practice standard
(a) The producer must use organically
grown seeds, annual seedlings and
planting stock, except that:
(1) Non-organically produced,
untreated seeds and planting
stock may be used to produce an
organic crop when an equivalent
organically produced variety is not
commercially available, except
that organically produced seed
must be used for the production
of edible sprouts;
(2) Non-organically produced seeds
and planting stock that have been
treated with a substance included
on the National List of synthetic
substances allowed for use in
organic crop production may be
used to produce an organic crop
when an equivalent organically
produced or untreated variety is
not commercially available;
(3) Non-organically produced annual
seedlings may be used to produce
an organic crop when a tempo-
rary variance has been granted in
accordance with §205.290(a)(2);
(4) Non-organically produced plant-
ing stock to be used to produce
a perennial crop may be sold,
labeled or represented as organi-
cally produced only after the
planting stock has been main-
tained under a system of organic
management for a period of no
less than one year; and
(5) Seeds, annual seedlings and
planting stock treated with pro-
hibited substances may be used
to produce an organic crop when
the application of the materials is
a requirement of federal or state
phytosanitary regulations.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 205.205 Crop rotation practice
standard
The producer must implement a crop rota-
tion including but not limited to sod, cover
crops, green manure crops and catch crops
that provide the following functions that
are applicable to the operation:
(a) Maintain or improve soil organic
matter content;
(b) Provide for pest management in
annual and perennial crops;
(c) Manage deficient or excess plant
nutrients; and
(d) Provide erosion control.
§ 205.206 Crop pest, weed and dis-
ease management practice standard
(a) The producer must use management
practices to prevent crop pests, weeds
and diseases including but not limited
to:
(1) Crop rotation and soil and crop
nutrient management practices,
as provided for in §§205.203 and
205.205;
(2) Sanitation measures to remove
disease vectors, weed seeds and
habitat for pest organisms; and
(3) Cultural practices that enhance
crop health, including selection
of plant species and varieties with
regard to suitability to site-specific
conditions and resistance to prev-
alent pests, weeds and diseases.
(b) Pest problems may be controlled
through mechanical or physical meth-
ods including but not limited to:
(1) Augmentation or introduction of
predators or parasites of the pest
species;
(2) Development of habitat for natural
enemies of pests;
(3) Non-synthetic controls such as
lures, traps and repellents.
5. Page 5ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
(c) Weed problems may be controlled
through:
(1) Mulching with fully biodegradable
materials;
(2) Mowing;
(3) Livestock grazing;
(4) Hand weeding and mechanical
cultivation;
(5) Flame, heat or electrical means; or
(6) Plastic or other synthetic mulches,
provided that they are removed
from the field at the end of the
growing or harvest season.
(d) Disease problems may be controlled
through:
(1) Management practices which sup-
press the spread of disease organ-
isms; or
(2) Application of non-synthetic
biological, botanical or mineral
inputs.
(e) When the practices provided for in
paragraphs (a) through (d) of this
section are insufficient to prevent or
control crop pests, weeds and diseases,
a biological or botanical substance or
a substance included on the National
List of synthetic substances allowed for
use in organic crop production may be
applied to prevent, suppress or control
pests, weeds or diseases, provided that
the conditions for using the substance
are documented in the organic system
plan.
(f) The producer must not use lumber
treated with arsenate or other prohib-
ited materials for new installations or
replacement purposes in contact with
soil or livestock.
§ 205.207 Wild-crop harvesting
practice standard
(a) A wild crop that is intended to be
sold, labeled or represented as
organic must be harvested from a
designated area that has had no pro-
hibited substance, as set forth in
§205.105, applied to it for a period of
three years immediately preceding the
harvest of the wild crop.
(b) A wild crop must be harvested in
a manner that ensures that such
harvesting or gathering will not be
destructive to the environment and
will sustain the growth and production
of the wild crop.
The National List of Allowed and Prohibited
Substances
§ 205.601 Synthetic substances
allowed for use in organic crop
production
In accordance with restrictions specified
in this section, the following synthetic
substances may be used in organic crop
production, provided that use of such sub-
stances do not contribute to contamination
of crops, soil, or water. Substances allowed
by this section, except disinfectants and
sanitizers in paragraph (a) and those sub-
stances in paragraphs (c), (j), (k), and (l)
of this section, may only be used when
the provisions set forth in §205.206(a)
through (d) prove insufficient to prevent or
control the target pest.
(a) As algicide, disinfectants, and sani-
tizer, including irrigation system
cleaning systems.
(1) Alcohols.
(i) Ethanol.
(ii) Isopropanol.
(2) Chlorine materials— Except,
That, residual chlorine levels in
the water shall not exceed the
maximum residual disinfectant
limit under the Safe Drinking
Water Act.
(i) Calcium hypochlorite.
(ii) Chlorine dioxide.
6. Page 6 ATTRA Organic Standards for Crop Production
(iii) Sodium hypochlorite.
(3) Copper sulfate—for use as an
algicide in aquatic rice systems,
is limited to one application per
field during any 24-month period.
Application rates are limited to
those which do not increase base-
line soil test values for copper over
a timeframe agreed upon by the
producer and accredited certifying
agent.
(4) Hydrogen peroxide.
(5) Ozone gas—for use as an irriga-
tion system cleaner only.
(6) Peracetic acid—for use in dis-
infecting equipment, seed, and
asexually propagated planting
material.
(7) Soap-based algicide/demossers.
(b) As herbicides, weed barriers, as
applicable.
(1) Herbicides, soap-based—for use
in farmstead maintenance (road-
ways, ditches, right of ways,
building perimeters) and orna-
mental crops.
(2) Mulches.
(i) Newspaper or other recycled
paper, without glossy or col-
ored inks.
(ii) Plastic mulch and covers
(petroleum-based other than
polyvinyl chloride (PVC)).
(c) As compost feedstocks—Newspapers
or other recycled paper, without glossy
or colored inks.
(d) As animal repellents—Soaps, ammo-
nium—for use as a large animal repel-
lant only, no contact with soil or edi-
ble portion of crop.
(e) As insecticides (including acaricides
or mite control).
(1) Ammonium carbonate—for use as
bait in insect traps only, no direct
contact with crop or soil.
(2) Boric acid—structural pest con-
trol, no direct contact with
organic food or crops.
(3) Copper sulfate—for use as tad-
pole shrimp control in aquatic
rice production, is limited to one
application per field during any
24-month period. Application
rates are limited to levels which do
not increase baseline soil test val-
ues for copper over a timeframe
agreed upon by the producer and
accredited certifying agent.
(4) Elemental sulfur.
(5) Lime sulfur—including calcium
polysulfide.
(6) Oils, horticultural—narrow range
oils as dormant, suffocating, and
summer oils.
(7) Soaps, insecticidal.
(8) Sticky traps/barriers.
(9) Sucrose octanoate esters (CAS
#s—42922–74–7; 58064–47–
4)—in accordance with approved
labeling.
(f) As insect management. Pheromones.
(g) As rodenticides.
(1) Sulfur dioxide—underground
rodent control only (smoke
bombs).
(2) Vitamin D3.
(h) As slug or snail bait. Ferric phosphate
(CAS # 10045–86–0).
(i) As plant disease control.
(1) Coppers, fixed—copper hydroxide,
copper oxide, copper oxychloride,
includes products exempted from
EPA tolerance, provided that cop-
per-based materials must be used
in a manner that minimizes accu-
mulation in the soil and shall not
be used as herbicides.
(2) Copper sulfate—Substance
must be used in a manner that
7. Page 7ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
minimizes accumulation of copper
in the soil.
(3) Hydrated lime.
(4) Hydrogen peroxide.
(5) Lime sulfur.
(6) Oils, horticultural, narrow range
oils as dormant, suffocating, and
summer oils.
(7) Peracetic acid—for use to control
fire blight bacteria.
(8) Potassium bicarbonate.
(9) Elemental sulfur.
(10)Streptomycin, for fire blight con-
trol in apples and pears only.
(11) Tetracycline (oxytetracycline cal-
cium complex), for fire blight
control only.
(j) As plant or soil amendments.
(1) Aquatic plant extracts (other than
hydrolyzed)—Extraction process
is limited to the use of potassium
hydroxide or sodium hydroxide;
solvent amount used is limited
to that amount necessary for
extraction.
(2) Elemental sulfur.
(3) Humic acids—naturally occurring
deposits, water and alkali extracts
only.
(4) Lignin sulfonate—chelating agent,
dust suppressant, floatation agent.
(5) Magnesium sulfate—allowed with
a documented soil deficiency.
(6) Micronutrients—not to be used as
a defoliant, herbicide, or desic-
cant. Those made from nitrates
or chlorides are not allowed. Soil
deficiency must be documented
by testing.
(i) Soluble boron products.
(ii) Sulfates, carbonates, oxides,
or silicates of zinc, copper,
iron, manganese, molybde-
num, selenium, and cobalt.
(7) Liquid fish products—can be pH
adjusted with sulfuric, citric or
phosphoric acid. The amount of
acid used shall not exceed the
minimum needed to lower the pH
to 3.5.
(8) Vitamins, B1, C, and E.
(k) As plant growth regulators. Ethylene
gas—for regulation of pineapple
flowering.
(l) As floating agents in postharvest
handling.
(1) Lignin sulfonate.
(2) Sodium silicate—for tree fruit and
fiber processing.
(m) As synthetic inert ingredients as
classified by the Environmental Pro-
tection Agency (EPA), for use with
non-synthetic substances or synthetic
substances listed in this section and
used as an active pesticide ingredient
in accordance with any limitations on
the use of such substances.
(1) EPA List 4—Inerts of Minimal
Concern.
(2) EPA List 3—Inerts of Unknown
Toxicity allowed:
(i) Glycerine Oleate (Glyc-
erol monooleate) (CAS #s
37220–82–9)—for use only
until December 31, 2006.
(ii) Inerts used in passive phero-
mone dispensers.
(n) Seed preparations. Hydrogen chloride
(CAS # 7647–01–0)—for delinting
cotton seed for planting.
(o)–(z) [Reserved]
[65 FR 80637, Dec. 21, 2000, as
amended at 68 FR 61992, Oct. 31, 2003;
71 FR 53302 Sept. 11, 2006; 72 FR
69572, Dec. 10, 2007]
8. Page 8 ATTRA Organic Standards for Crop Production
§ 205.602 Non-synthetic substances
prohibited for use in organic crop
production
The following non-synthetic substances may
not be used in organic crop production:
(a) Ash from manure burning.
(b) Arsenic.
(c) Calcium chloride, brine process is
natural and prohibited for use except
as a foliar spray to treat a physiologi-
cal disorder associated with calcium
uptake.
(d) Lead salts.
(e) Potassium chloride—unless derived
from a mined source and applied in a
manner that minimizes chloride accu-
mulation in the soil.
(f) Sodium fluoaluminate (mined).
(g) Sodium nitrate—unless use is
restricted to no more than 20% of the
crop’s total nitrogen requirement; use
in spirulina production is unrestricted
until October 21, 2005.
(h) Strychnine.
(i) Tobacco dust (nicotine sulfate).
(j)–(z) [Reserved]
[68 FR 61992, Oct. 31, 2003]
§ 205.2 Terms defined [selected for
relevance to crop production]
Agricultural inputs. All substances or
materials used in the production or han-
dling of organic agricultural products.
Agricultural product. Any agricultural com-
modity or product, whether raw or pro-
cessed, including any commodity or prod-
uct derived from livestock, that is marketed
in the United States for human or livestock
consumption.
Allowed synthetic. A substance that is
included on the National List of synthetic
substances allowed for use in organic pro-
duction or handling.
Annual seedling. A plant grown from seed
that will complete its life cycle or produce a
harvestable yield within the same crop year
or season in which it was planted.
Audit trail. Documentation that is sufficient
to determine the source, transfer of owner-
ship and transportation of any agricultural
product labeled as “100 percent organic,”
the organic ingredients of any agricultural
product labeled as “organic” or “made
with organic (specified ingredients)” or
the organic ingredients of any agricultural
product containing less than 70 percent
organic ingredients identified as organic in
an ingredients statement.
Biodegradable. Subject to biological
decomposition into simpler biochemical or
chemical components.
Buffer zone. An area located between a
certified production operation or portion
of a production operation and an adjacent
land area that is not maintained under
organic management. A buffer zone must
be sufficient in size or other features (such
as windbreaks or a diversion ditch) to pre-
vent the possibility of unintended contact
by prohibited substances applied to adja-
cent land areas with an area that is part of
a certified operation.
Claims. Oral, written, implied or symbolic
representations, statements or advertising
or other forms of communication presented
to the public or buyers of agricultural
products that relate to the organic certifi-
cation process or the terms “100 percent
organic,” “organic” or “made with organic
(specified ingredients or food groups),” or,
in the case of agricultural products contain-
ing less than 70 percent organic ingredi-
ents, the term “organic” on the ingredients
panel.
Commingling. Physical contact between
unpackaged organically produced and non-
organically produced agricultural products
during production, processing, transporta-
tion, storage or handling, other than during
the manufacture of a multi-ingredient prod-
uct containing both types of ingredients.
9. Page 9ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
Compost. The product of a managed pro-
cess through which microorganisms break
down plant and animal materials into more
available forms suitable for application
to the soil. Compost must be produced
through a process that combines plant and
animal materials with an initial C:N ratio of
between 25:1 and 40:1. Producers using
an in-vessel or static aerated pile system
must maintain the composting materials
at a temperature between 131 and 170
degrees Fahrenheit for three days. Produc-
ers using a windrow system must maintain
the composting materials at a tempera-
ture between 131 and 170 degrees for 15
days, during which time the materials must
be turned a minimum of five times.
Control. Any method that reduces or limits
damage by populations of pests, weeds or
diseases to levels that do not significantly
reduce productivity.
Crop. A plant or part of a plant intended to
be marketed as an agricultural product or
fed to livestock.
Crop residues. The plant parts remaining
in a field after the harvest of a crop, which
include stalks, stems, leaves, roots and
weeds.
Crop rotation. The practice of alternat-
ing the annual crops grown on a specific
field in a planned pattern or sequence
in successive crop years so that crops of
the same species or family are not grown
repeatedly without interruption on the
same field. Perennial cropping systems
employ means such as alley cropping,
intercropping and hedgerows to introduce
biological diversity in lieu of crop rotation.
Crop year. The normal growing season for
a crop as determined by the Secretary of
Agriculture.
Cultivation. Digging up or cutting the soil
to prepare a seed bed, control weeds, aer-
ate the soil or work organic matter, crop
residues or fertilizers into the soil.
Cultural methods. Methods used to
enhance crop health and prevent weed,
pest or disease problems without the use of
substances. Examples include the selection
of appropriate varieties and planting sites,
proper timing and density of plantings,
irrigation and extending a growing sea-
son by manipulating the microclimate with
green houses, cold frames or wind breaks.
Detectable residue. The amount or pres-
ence of chemical residue or sample compo-
nent that can be reliably observed or found
in the sample matrix by current approved
analytical methodology.
Disease vectors. Plants or animals that har-
bor or transmit disease organisms or patho-
gens that may attack crops or livestock.
Drift. The physical movement of prohib-
ited substances from the intended target
site onto an organic operation or portion
thereof.
Emergency pest or disease treatment pro-
gram. A mandatory program authorized by
a federal, state or local agency for the pur-
pose of controlling or eradicating a pest or
disease.
Employee. Any person providing paid or
volunteer services for a certifying agent.
Excluded methods. A variety of methods
used to genetically modify organisms or
influence their growth and development by
means that are not possible under natural
conditions or processes and are not consid-
ered compatible with organic production.
Such methods include cell fusion, micro-
encapsulation and macroencapsulation and
recombinant DNA technology including
gene deletion, gene doubling, introducing a
foreign gene and changing the positions of
genes when achieved by recombinant DNA
technology. Such methods do not include
the use of traditional breeding, conjugation,
fermentation, hybridization, in vitro fertil-
ization or tissue culture.
Fertilizer. A single or blended substance
containing one or more recognized plant
nutrient(s) that is used primarily for its
plant nutrient content and is designed for
use or claimed to have value in promoting
plant growth.
Field. An area of land identified as a dis-
crete unit within a production operation.
10. Page 10 ATTRA Organic Standards for Crop Production
Handle. To sell, process or package agri-
cultural products, except such term shall
not include the sale, transportation or
delivery of crops or livestock by the pro-
ducer thereof to a handler.
Inert ingredient. Any substance or group
of substances with similar chemical struc-
tures if designated by the Environmen-
tal Protection Agency other than an
active ingredient which is intentionally
included in any pesticide product (40 CFR
152.3(m)).
Label. A display of written, printed or
graphic material on the immediate con-
tainer of an agricultural product or any
such material affixed to any agricultural
product or affixed to a bulk container con-
taining an agricultural product, except
for package liners or a display of written,
printed or graphic material that contains
only information about the weight of the
product.
Labeling. All written, printed or graphic
material accompanying an agricultural
product at any time or written, printed or
graphic material about the agricultural
product displayed at retail stores.
Lot. Any number of containers which con-
tain an agricultural product of the same
kind located in the same conveyance,
warehouse or packing house and which are
available for inspection at the same time.
Manure. Feces, urine, other excrement and
bedding produced by livestock that has not
been composted.
Market information. Any written, printed,
audiovisual or graphic information, includ-
ing advertising, pamphlets, flyers, cata-
logues, posters and signs, that is distrib-
uted, broadcast or made available outside
of retail outlets and are used to assist in the
sale or promotion of a product.
Mulch. Any non-synthetic material, such
as wood chips, leaves or straw, or any syn-
thetic material included on the National
List for such use, such as newspaper
or plastic, that serves to suppress weed
growth, moderate soil temperature or con-
serve soil moisture.
Narrow range oils. Petroleum derivatives,
predominately of paraffinic and napthenic
fractions with 50 percent boiling point (10
mm Hg) between 415 and 440 degrees.
National List. A list of allowed and prohib-
ited substances as provided for in the Act.
Natural resources of the operation. The
physical, hydrological and biological fea-
tures of a production operation, including
soil, water, wetlands, woodlands and
wildlife.
Non-synthetic (natural). A substance that is
derived from mineral, plant or animal mat-
ter and does not undergo a synthetic pro-
cess as defined in section 6502(21) of the
Act (7 U.S.C. 6502(21)). For the purposes
of this part, non-synthetic is used as a syn-
onym for natural as the term is used in the
Act.
Organic. A labeling term that refers to an
agricultural product produced in accor-
dance with the Act and the regulations in
this part.
Organic matter. The remains, residues or
waste products of any organism.
Organic production. A production system
that is managed in accordance with the
Act and regulations in this part to respond
to site-specific conditions by integrating
cultural, biological and mechanical prac-
tices that foster cycling of resources,
promote ecological balance and conserve
biodiversity.
Organic system plan. A plan of manage-
ment of an organic production or handling
operation that has been agreed to by the
producer or handler and the certifying
agent and that includes written plans con-
cerning all aspects of agricultural produc-
tion or handling described in the Act and
the regulations in subpart C of this part.
Pasture. Land used for livestock grazing
that is managed to provide feed value and
maintain or improve soil, water and vegeta-
tive resources.
11. Page 11ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
Pesticide. Any substance which alone, in
chemical combination or in any formula-
tion with one or more substances is defined
as a pesticide in section 2(u) of the Federal
Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act
(7 U.S.C. 136(u) et seq.).
Planting stock. Any plant or plant tissue
other than annual seedlings but includ-
ing rhizomes, shoots, leaf or stem cuttings,
roots or tubers used in plant production or
propagation.
Practice standard. The guidelines and
requirements through which a produc-
tion or handling operation implements a
required component of its production or
handling organic system plan. A practice
standard includes a series of allowed and
prohibited actions, materials and condi-
tions to establish a minimum level perfor-
mance for planning, conducting and main-
taining a function, such as livestock health
care or facility pest management, essential
to an organic operation.
Producer. A person who engages in the
business of growing or producing food,
fiber, feed and other agricultural-based
consumer products.
Production lot number/identifier. Identifi-
cation of a product used for quality con-
trol purposes and based on the production
sequence of the product showing the date,
time and place of production.
Prohibited substance. A substance that the
use of in any aspect of organic production
or handling is prohibited or not provided
for in the Act or the regulations of this part.
Records. Any information in written, visual
or electronic format that documents the
activities undertaken by a producer, han-
dler or certifying agent to comply with the
Act and regulations in this part.
Residue testing. An official or validated ana-
lytical procedure that detects, identifies and
measures the presence of chemical sub-
stances, their metabolites or degradations
products in or on raw or processed agricul-
tural products.
Sewage sludge. A solid, semisolid or liquid
residue generated during the treatment of
domestic sewage in a treatment works. Sew-
age sludge includes but is not limited to
domestic septage, scum or solids removed
in primary, secondary or advanced waste-
water treatment processes and a material
derived from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge
does not include ash generated during the
firing of sewage sludge in a sewage sludge
incinerator or grit and screenings generated
during preliminary treatment of domestic
sewage in a treatment works.
Soil and water quality. Observable indica-
tors of the physical, chemical or biological
condition of soil and water, including the
presence of environmental contaminants.
Split operation. An operation that produces
or handles both organic and non-organic
agricultural products.
Synthetic. A substance that is formulated
or manufactured by a chemical process
or by a process that chemically changes a
substance extracted from naturally occur-
ring plant, animal or mineral sources,
except that such term shall not apply to
substances created by naturally occurring
biological processes.
Tolerance. The maximum legal level of a
pesticide chemical residue in or on a raw
or processed agricultural commodity or
processed food.
Transplant. A seedling which has been
removed from its original place of produc-
tion, transported and replanted.
Unavoidable residual environmental con-
tamination. Background levels of naturally
occurring or synthetic chemicals that are
present in the soil or present in organically
produced agricultural products that are
below established tolerances.
Wild crop. Any plant or portion of a plant
that is collected or harvested from a site
that is not maintained under cultivation or
other agricultural management.
[65 FR 80637, Dec. 21, 2000, as
amended at 72 FR 70484, Dec. 12, 2007]