This document discusses various CSS techniques including: 1. CSS resets to reduce browser inconsistencies in default styles. 2. Grid layouts and responsive column classes to create fixed-width grid-based layouts. 3. The CSS "z-index" property and techniques for proper layering of elements like menus and modals. 4. The "sliding doors" technique for wrapping dynamic content using background images. 5. CSS enhancements like rounded corners and drop shadows, and fallback techniques for older browsers. 6. Image sprites to reduce HTTP requests and optimize common graphics.

1. 4 1 1 3 L I N E S O F S T Y L I N G G O O D N E S S
AT&T Web Storefront CSS

2. C L E A N S L A T E
CSS Reset

3. CSS Reset
 http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
 The goal of a reset stylesheet is to reduce browser inconsistencies in things
like default line heights, margins and font sizes of headings, and so on
html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p,
blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em,
font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i,
center, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody,
tfoot, thead, tr, th, td
{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
outline: 0;
font-size: 100%;
vertical-align: baseline;
background: transparent;
}

4. M A K E I T G O W H E R E I T N E E D S T O G O
CSS Layout

5. Grid Layout
Fixed width
grid-based layout
At 900 pixels wide

6. Grid Layout
Class Width
.Col-1 120
.Col-2 276
.Col-3 432
.Col-4 588
.Col-5 744
.Col-6 900
.Col-4
.Col-2

7. Layout Utility Comparison
.Col-1, .Col-2, .Col-3, .Col-
4, .Col-5
 Has right margin for
column gutter
.Col-1L, .Col-2L, .Col-3L,
.Col-4L, .Col-5L, .Col-6
 No right margin

8. Class Margin-
bottom
.Row-H 6
.Row-1 12
.Row-2 24
.Row-3 36
.Row-4 48
.Row-5 60
Grid Layout
Row-3

9. Normal classes
Padding used instead for
IE margin collapsing issue
Internet Explore layout considerations
Class Margin-
bottom
.Row-H 6
.Row-1 12
.Row-2 24
.Row-3 36
.Row-4 48
.Row-5 60
Class padding-
bottom
.Row-PH 6
.Row-P1 12
.Row-P2 24
.Row-P3 36
.Row-P4 48
.Row-P5 60

10. Similar Layout Utility Classes
 .Row-TX classes (“top”) are the similar except that the
margin is applied to the top
(i.e. .Row-T1 has margin-top:12px)
 .R-X classes (“right”) have a right margin
(i.e. .R-1 has margin-right:12px)
 .L-X classes (“left”) have a left margin
(i.e. .L-1 has margin-left:12px)
 .Border-B, .Border-L, .Border-T, .Border-B similarly apply
a border around the element’s respective edges

11. A L O O K A T T H E C S S “ Z - I N D E X ” P R O P E R T Y
Stacking Order

12. Stacking order z-index
 Ensures proper layering so
that items like menus,
popups, modal windows,
appear above the content
they are supposed to

13. Stacking order z-index
Class z-index
.jScrollPaneContainer 1
.jScrollArrowUp 1
.jScrollArrowDown 1
.DropdownControl 3
.GlobalNavigation 4
.SubNavigation 70
.GlobalNavigation .Button 80
#overlay 90
.Popup 100
•Items with a higher z-index will appear above items with a lower z-index

14. Internet Explorer z-index
 IE7 renders the stacking order incorrectly
 It reorders the z-index if it’s inside of a “positioned” element
 http://brenelz.com/blog/squish-the-internet-explorer-z-
index-bug/

15. F L O A T I N G G R A P H I C M E T H O D F O R D Y N A M I C
C O N T E N T
Sliding Doors

16. Sliding Doors (cont.)
Wrapping dynamic content
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/slidingdoors/More Info

17. Sliding Doors
 Creates flexible interface
components
 We need to expand the background
images to compensate for that
growth. We need to expand the
background images to compensate
for that growth.
 SlidingDoors should have a
 Wide background image that is
positioned to the right;
 Overlapping element that has a narrow
background image that is positioned to
the left and sits on top of the
SlidingDoors background image.

18. Sliding Doors
CSS
.Button class aligned to the right
.Inside class “floating” to the left
Markup
<span class="Button">
<span class="Inside“>
Button Text Here
</span>
</span>

19. I T ’ S P R O B A B L Y G O I N G T O M A K E Y O U C R Y
Onion Skinning

20. CSS3 enhancement
 Rounded Corners
 Drop Shadow
 Compliant Browsers
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 18px #555;
-moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 18px #555;

21. Onion Skinning
 To achieve this effect in
Internet Explorer we
need to use an image
with the desired effect
applied in a image
creation program like
Photoshop or Gimp.
Rounded rectangle with drop shadow graphic

22. Our friend Internet Explorer
Square Peg, Round Hole
<div class="Popup shadow-one PopMinIE" id="appPopup">
<div class="corner-a"></div>
<div class="corner-b"></div>
<div class="shadow-two">
<div class="shadow-three">
<div class="shadow-four">
Content Here
<div class="ClearFix"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

23. Onion Skinning
 http://www.alistapart.com/articles/onionskin/
 Multiple layers needed
 Each layer reveals part of
the graphic

24. Onion Skinning
 Allows for dynamic content that
the edges “shrink wrap” to, but it
does create a lot of additional
markup
(Not to scale)

25. O P T I M I Z I N G C O M M O N G R A P H I C S
Sprites

26. Sprites
Sliding doors spriteArrows sprite

27. Sprites
 Reduces HTTP Requests for many individual images
 Greatly improves performance
 http://www.alistapart.com/articles/sprites

28. Sprites
“next” button has background-position: -10px -152px
“previous” button has background-position:-10px -212px;
Set dimension
window
Arrow Sprite