This document discusses the use of spectroscopy in astronomical observations. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many properties of distant stars and galaxies, such as chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance, luminosity, and relative motion. However, Earth's atmosphere interferes with certain wavelengths of light. Infrared and ultraviolet light are absorbed, requiring the use of satellites. Spectroscopy has also been used to discover compounds in exoplanet atmospheres like water vapor and methane. Future advancements may allow astronomers to better study objects and find habitable planets.

1. Astronomical
Spectroscopy
Deepanshu Sharma
Integrated M.tech
(Bioinformatics & Biotechnology)
Converging Technology
...a tool to see the Universe

4. What is the use of
spectroscopy in
Astronomical
observations?

5. ‘cause we need a
language to
communicate with the
universe!

9. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many
properties of distant stars and galaxies,
such as:
 Chemical composition
 Temperature
 Density
 Mass
 Distance
 Luminosity
 Relative motion

10. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many
properties of distant stars and galaxies,
such as:
 Chemical composition
 Temperature
 Density
 Mass
 Distance
 Luminosity
 Relative motion
Astrobiology

11. But we are on a planet which interrupt
in our communication with the
universe.

12. But we are on a planet which interrupt
in our communication with the
universe.
“Atmosphere and Ozone layer”

13. Ozone (O3) and molecular oxygen
(O2) absorb light with wavelengths
under 300 nm, meaning that X-ray
and ultraviolet spectroscopy require
the use of a satellite telescope
or rocket mounted detectors.

14. Infrared light is absorbed by
atmospheric water and carbon
dioxide.
Satellites are required to record
much of the infrared spectrum.

15. Spectroscopical
Analysis

17. NGC 7009
“Saturn Nebula”

20. Finding a new
‘Mother Earth’
The reflected light of a planet contains absorption
bands due to minerals in the rocks present for
rocky bodies, or due to the elements and
molecules present in the atmosphere. Till date
over 3,500 exoplanets have been discovered.
These include so-called Hot Jupiters, as well as
Earth-like planets. Using spectroscopy,
compounds such as alkali metals, water vapor,
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane
have all been discovered.

22. Mars..
and the hope
to develop
a new Earth

23. MAVEN

24. Credit: NASA/JPL

28. (Alpha Particle X-Ray
Soectrometer)
(Chemistry & Mineralogy X-Ray
Diffraction)
(Sample Analysis at Mars
instrument suit)

30. Credit: NASA/JPL

32. Mineral form of
iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

33. Sometimes, few rocks can not be
drilled out directly.
So we use another instrument –

36. Future Advancements in
Astronomical Spectroscopy

37. Future Advancements in
Astronomical Spectroscopy

38. Thank You
“somewhere, something
incredible
is waiting to be known”
- Dr. Carl Sagan