This document contains a 6-page annotated bibliography summarizing 6 sources on the topic of digital citizenship. The sources discuss topics like the components of an intelligent learning platform, the effects of digital citizenship on behaviors and learning outcomes, how students approach moral decision-making online, perspectives on being a responsible digital citizen, and legal issues regarding digital identity. Overall, the document analyzes research on digital citizenship and how to effectively educate students and the public on responsible online behaviors.

1. Patrick Riley, Summer 2022 ETE 572 Assignment #1
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Annotated Bibliography
Pornpongtechavanich, P., & Wannapiroon, P. (2021). Intelligent Interactive Learning Platform
for Seamless Learning Ecosystem to Enhance Digital Citizenship’s Lifelong Learning.
International Journal of Emergying Technologies in Learning, 16(14), 232-248.
https://doi-org.proxy.ulib.csuohio.edu/10.3991/ijet.v16i14.22675
This article deals with digital citizenship in relation to technology in general. This
article centers on the assessment of a learning platform in Thailand using ten experts as
well as combining data collected in the past. The technology discussed involves social
media as well as educational technology like laptops or cellphones. The articles dives
into the fact that education is changing. Strictly using paper and pencil is not the way to
go. Just based off how much time people are spending online during a typical day,
education needs to be able to adjust. That being said, the way in which the learning
platform for this is constructed is just as important. The study identified the following
components were identified as components for this learning system, ardware, intelligent
Agents, peopleware, network, procedure, database and strategies used to result in
intelligent interactions. These coupled with the following qualities, digital literacy,
digital competency and digital intelligence, being taught first to our teachers and then
promoted by them help to establish lifelong learning. Each of these elements really fall
under the umbrella of digital citizenship and must be working together with on another if
the system is to be a success.
I learned that there are many more components that go into creating a well running
learning system. When I think of how school runs now and how learning systems are
used post covid, it makes me realize that not only is how functional the system important,

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but the individual teacher as well. Particularly when you start to think about the variation
in uses and expectations. I learned that while style may differ, the expectations need to
be consistent for students to properly succeed. For my students I think about the
whiplash of online, hybrid and in person learning that they’ve endured the past two years.
We are making the switch after this upcoming school year from schoology to google
classroom, I think about how much of an impact a new learning system has on their
growth.
Dunaway, M., & Macharia, M. (2021). The Effect of Digital Citizenship on Negative Online
Behaviors and Learning Outcomes in Higher Education. Journal of Information Systems
Education, 32(4), 294-307.
This article deals with digital citizenship and the related social issues. The technology
discussed involves interaction through online games, popular websites, as well as social
media platforms. This study used data from a mid-sized university in the Midwest
United States. It takes a look at the effects of digital citizenship on online behavior,
perceived learning outcomes effects on the relationship between digital citizenship and
negative behavior, and what are the most noticeable digital citizenship behaviors for
college students. There were a total of 184 participants, 94% being undergraduate
students and the remaining 6% being graduate students. The article first discusses some
of the negative impact on both social and emotional well-being that come follow
interacting with negative online behavior. Along with this they discuss that these trickle
into individuals lives beyond those areas, they bring these issues into the classroom and
workplace. This in turn effects their performance in both areas. However, this study was
intended to have a different approach, instead of examining only the effects or cyber

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bullying, they wanted to see what effect digital citizenship had on these behaviors. The
study found that digital citizenship awareness did in fact have a valuable impact on
promoting online behaviors.
I learned that while other ways of intervention may have some positive effects on
students, the best way to prepare students and effect positive change is showing them
how to be a proper digital citizen. For myself I am involved in social media and while I
believe I do a pretty good job behaving as a positive digital citizen, I now see the tangible
effects that even small comment can have on a person. This also will help me to better
understand my students and the issues they are facing. As for my students, social media,
particularly TikTok use has been out of control. They constantly are exposed to these
situations but often do not know how to handle certain situations as well as how to act
appropriately online. Although this study is about college students the principles behind
digital citizenship would be hugely beneficial to high school students as well.
Harrison, T., & Polizzi, G. (2022). (In)civility and adoloscents’ moral decision making online:
drawing on moral theory to advance digital citizenship education. Education &
Information Technologies, 27(3), 3277-3297. https://doi-
org.proxy.ulib.csuohio.edu/10.1007/s10639-021-10710-0
This article deals with digital citizenship and ethical issues. The technology in this
article is centered on social media, accessed either through a phone or a laptop.
Completed in England, this study seeks to determine what type of moral response
students ages 13-16 have, deontological, utilitarian, or virtue ethical, to facing incivility
such as cyberbullying. The results of this study could then be used to better adjust digital
citizenship education. The study found that most students do morally engaged decisions

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when faced with incivility and that those responses tend to be virtue ethical moral
thinking than deontological or utilitarian. There was however a moral dip in the data as
students got older. These results can be very powerful as policy makers as well as
schools begin to make decisions about how to properly educate students on digital
citizenship. The article specifically mentions the moral dip that we see as students get
older needs to be researched more extensively. This is an area that could help us better
understand what happens in that period and give us an idea of when is too late to start
with our digital citizenship programs.
One thing that struck me in this article was how valuable this data is to creating and
reforming a digital citizenship program. So often in education we make changes or
decisions without actually talking with students and trying to understand how they are
perceiving what’s in front of them. Not to mention the moral decline that is showed as
students get older. That makes me wonder if students become more lenient as they get
older because of the loose standards we currently have on digital citizenship. I teach 14,
15, and 16 year old’s and data like this allows me to see where and how I can make
interventions and what they truly think about when they make a decision to respond
online.
BARRETT, A. (2022). Digital Citizenship: Our Collective Responsibility. Journal of Arts
Science & Technology, 14(1), 131–146.
This article deals with digital citizenship and human issues. The technology discussed in
this article is that of general internet use and of social media. The article first discusses
what a digital citizen is in the first place. It then establishes the astronomical increase in
internet usage since 2012. This puts into perspective just how many people are on the

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internet and are continuing to join the internet. Following this it discusses first how
broadband access and economic development show a positive correlation. It then moves
into what a good citizen and digital citizen look like. This is important to give use a
baseline on what the expectations for someone online should be. After this it begins to
discuss some of the issues people face, particularly women online. Cyberbullying is a
huge issue for women as well as cyber stalking and both are very common problems
many women deal with. The article goes on to define several key areas that must be
accounted for if people were to take these issues and create public policies for them. The
paper concludes with the idea that the digital world is going to continue to grow no
matter what, but it is up to us to prepare and take care of our fellow digital citizens.
I do not think I realized how large of an impact internet has on a countries GDP. This is
something that would make a very interesting projects for my students to look at and
understand just how different some peoples live are and how big of an impact this can
have on a country. My students all essentially have grown up with technology, this
article discusses how devices owned be people are going to continue to explode, and how
business are going to have to go even further in their technology integration. This
presents a great opportunity to them in the future, being as comfortable as they are with
tech, challenging them to figure out how to continue to improve on its functionality and
uses.
Sullivan, C. (2016). Digital citizenship and the right to digital identity under international law.
Computer Law & Security Review, 32(3), 474–481. https://doi-
org.proxy.ulib.csuohio.edu/10.1016/j.clsr.2016.02.001

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This article deals with digital citizenship and legal issues. This article mainly talks in
terms of personal information online as the technology, establishing a digital person or
identity for people. Several countries have already gone to this model. The article begins
with an overview of the current policies in place in those countries and moves into the
impact of a digital identity. In particular it discusses that since this digital identity will be
created or approved by governments, this then may set the standards for the private sector
as well. It talks of possible errors and who would be most affected if the system had a
malfunction. The article then begins to delve into what you could use a digital identity
for and what bare minimum things you would need to have in order to complete a
transaction. It then moves on to the possible consequences particularly for “innocent”
individuals. There are two distinct scenarios that are brought up, the first is how an
individual proves they are themselves if the system says some of their information is
incorrect. The second is if someone steals another person’s information, it will simply
look like the real person did the transaction. The last portion of the article talks about
rights and duties for digital identity and digital citizenship. This portion hits on privacy
quite a bit and how that can be managed without putting people too far under the
microscope as well as where rights violations could occur. Finally in the conclusion it
discusses that the right to identity is a human right at birth.
This article made me think about the possible repercussions to innocent people by
switching to a digital identity. Particularly how we will need to be able to ensure we can
manage this risk. This is a great example to talk with my students about what
information should and should not be put out on the web.