Assignment for BUET ME 10

1. ASSIGNMENT
POWER PLANT ENGINEERING
ME 403
Khaled Mosharraf Mukut
Student ID: 1010046
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Section: A
Date of Submission: 28th
December, 2015

2. Assignment 1
Power Generation Status of Bangladesh
Electricity, the most usable form of energy, is one of the most important issues for the economic
development of a country. This study investigates the power generation status of Bangladesh.
Installed Capacity and Maximum Generation:
In 2000-01 the installed capacity was 4005 MW which has increased to 6685 MW in 2010-11 (13th
June, 2011) with an annual increasing rate of 6.62%. However, the maximum generation was 3033
MW in 2000-01 which has become 4096 MW in 2010-11 with the increasing rate of 5.49%.
Current Situation and Future Projection of Demand, Generation and Load Shedding:
Average maximum demand for electricity was 3970MW in 2007 which has increased to 4833MW
in 2011 (may, 2011) with the increasing rate of 216MW per annum. Under as usual scenario the
average demand might stand at 5969MW by the end of 2015.
Additionally, the average loadshedding has been increased to 656MW in 2011(may,2011) with an
average increase rate of 35MW per annum from 2007. The lower increasing rate of generation
indicates the increase of load shedding at a rate of 6.72% per annum during the same period.
Consumption of Power by Category:
In domestic sectors consumption increases with a decreasing rate every year from 2001-02. This
is true for the case of industrial services and commercial sectors. The consumption rate was
highest for the year of 2005-06. Consumption rate was highest for commercial services which was
15.6% followedby domesticservices (13.8%), industrial services (13.3%) and other services (6.4%).
Causes of Crisis of Power:
Main reasons are high gas dependency, improper privatization, policy, lack of satisfactory and
timely implementation of allocated money, political reasons and over population.
Maximum Demand for Electricity by Different Zones:
Planned and appropriate use of electricity is fundamental to the economic progress of
Bangladesh. The scale of demand for electricity is going up. It varies according to the different
zones of the country. The east zone is more developed and industrial than the west zone. This has
been resulted in the different demand of electricity between these two zone where the demand
for electricityin east zone is much higher than that of the west zone. In the east zone,the demand
for electricity increased with a rate of 18.3% per year between 2000-01 and 2008-09. However, in
the west zone, this increasing rate was 9.1% during the same time period.

3. Assignment 2
Nuclear Power in Bangladesh
The consumption of electricity in our country has grown notably in the last few decades and the gap
between demand and production of this energy is increasing day by day. This is mainly because of the
fact that our power plants are mainly fed by natural gas. So, due to shortage of natural gas, we are
constantlyin asituation toface theproblem ofelectricity shortage.So, its time to thinkaboutsomething
beyond the conventional way. Such a breakthrough in electricity production can only be achieved
through the introduction of Nuclear Power Plant in power generation system of Bangladesh.
Nuclear Energy is producedby fission reaction of radioactive metals in a nuclearreactor. The amount of
energy producedfromnuclearreactionis gigantic comparedto the energy producedfromotherprimary
sources.
Nuclear power plants also have very high efficiency compared to other primary energy based power
plants onthe other hand,a nuclear powerplant producesvery little amount ofgreenhousegases. So it is
environmentally a better source if safely implemented.
Nucleus,one ofthe fundamental particles inside an atom releases energy when some special atoms are
combined together to formlarge atom or some special large atom or some special atoms are split apart
to form smaller atoms releasing energy. Nuclear Power plants use nuclear fission reaction to produce
electricity. Usually in commercial production of nuclear energy, special isotopes of Uranium and
Plutonium are used. The general reaction is shown below:
U235
+ n → fission + 2 or 3 n + 200 MeV
This massive energy isnot producedinopenplaceslike theburningfossil fuels.Itrequires anisolated and
controlled environment.
Advantages of Nuclear Power Plant for Bangladesh:
 Production Capacity: Bangladesh needs a stable and powerful source which will be able to
supply energy continuouslyfora very long period of time. Here, Nuclear energy canbe the best
solution tothis problem. Primary sourcesofenergy can’tprovide that muchofenergy as nuclear
energy. Also the lifespan of nuclear power plant is much higher than any other plant. For
comparison we can consider:
Type of Fuel Heating Value (MJ/kg)
Natural Gas 39
Crude Oil 45-46
Firewood 16
Black Coal 24-30
Natural Uranium in Light Water Reactor 500000
For a countrylike us have to think everything in the perspective ofeconomy and environment.
For a 1000MW production nuclear power plant produces a mere 3 cubic meters of wastes after
reprocessing the spent fuel, 300 tones of radioactive wastes and 0.2 tones of plutonium.

4. Transportation costare higher for coal andoil systems at 20000 traincars or 10 super tankers in
relation to a nuclear plant at just 3-4 trunks.
 FulfillingFuture Demand:On the basis of fixed GDP it is projectedthat in 2030,there will be a
demand of 33,708MWin our country.ButGDP will definitely increase. So, there is noother way
except nuclear technology to meet that demand.
 Effect on Environment: During production of energy no greenhouse gases are produced. But
small amount of greenhouse gases is produced in a nuclear power plant due to the use of
supportingmachinerieslike turbineandcooler.Butthatis fartoosmall comparedwithotherkind
of power plants.
 Safety Features: In the past, the disposal of radioactive waste was difficult and harmful to the
nature to some extent. But presently due to improvement of power plant up to 3rd
generation,
the use of pressurized water reactor and fully automated technology make these very secured.
 Advancement made by Bangladesh:In 1963 Ruppur site was selected for the establishment of
first nuclear powerplant of this country.In2001,Bangladesh adopted a national Nuclear power
action plan on 24th
June2007,Government ofPeoples Republic of Bangladesh announcedplans
to build a nuclear power plant to meet electricity shortages. In February 2011, Bangladesh
reached on agreement with Russia to build a 2000MW Nuclear Power Plant with two reactors,
each ofwhichwill generate 1200MWofpower.This plant will be built at Ruppuronthe banks of
Padmariver. In2013,Theprimeminister ofBangladeshhasdeclared thata secondnuclearpower
plant will be constructed in the southern part.