The document discusses asbestos exposure, associated diseases, diagnosis, and management. Asbestos was widely used in construction and shipbuilding until the 1970s but still exists in some older buildings. Inhalation of asbestos fibers can lead to lung diseases like asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma decades later. Diagnosis involves exposure history, physical exam, chest x-rays, and pulmonary function tests. Management focuses on preventing further exposure and monitoring for early disease detection.
This document discusses occupational lung diseases, including sarcoidosis and pneumoconiosis. Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that causes granulomas (lumps) in the lungs and lymph nodes, and is more common in African Americans, women, and those aged 20-40. Pneumoconiosis refers to fibrotic lung disease caused by inhaling mineral dusts, such as silica (silicosis), asbestos (asbestosis), or coal dust (coal worker's pneumoconiosis). Symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, and reduced lung function. Diagnosis involves exposure history, imaging, and lung biopsies. Treatment focuses on removing exposure, managing symptoms, and treating
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including:
- The four most common causes of lung masses are benign lesions, primary lung cancer, metastatic disease, and lung abscess.
- There are two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, which is most common.
- Symptoms of lung cancer can include cough, breathing problems, weight loss, chest pain, and fatigue, though early-stage cancers may be asymptomatic.
- Diagnostic tests include chest x-rays, CT scans, sputum cytology, bronchoscopy, and biopsies. Staging helps determine prognosis and treatment.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including the types, causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, staging, treatments, side effects, and nursing management. It discusses the two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC makes up about 80% of cases and includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinomas. Risk factors include smoking and environmental exposures. Signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the tumor. Diagnostic tests include imaging, biopsies, and lab tests. The TNM system is used for staging. Treatments include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, with side effects like
Lung carcinoma is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue that can spread to other organs. The main types are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. NSCLC accounts for 80-85% of cases and is linked to smoking. Diagnosis involves medical history, imaging tests like CT scans, and biopsies. Staging uses TNM classification and determines treatment options like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer including risk factors, clinical presentation, classification, investigation, and treatment. Some key points:
- Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers, with 80% of patients dying within 1 year of diagnosis. Smoking is responsible for about 90% of lung cancer cases.
- Lung cancers are classified based on tumor size (T stage) and lymph node involvement (N stage). Investigations include imaging like CT scans and PET scans as well as biopsies and staging tests.
- Treatment depends on cancer stage but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. The goal of surgery is to remove the cancer while conserving healthy
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Smoking is responsible for 85-90% of lung cancer cases and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked daily and lifetime duration of smoking. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which makes up about 80% of cases, and small cell lung cancer. Symptoms vary but may include cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and chest pain. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or palliative care.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Smoking is responsible for 85-90% of lung cancer cases and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked daily and lifetime duration of smoking. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which makes up about 80% of cases, and small cell lung cancer. Symptoms vary but may include cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and chest pain. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or palliative care.
This document provides information about laryngeal cancer including its definition, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, and treatment. It defines laryngeal cancer as a malignant tumor that forms in the larynx (voice box) and discusses the anatomy and functions of the larynx. Risk factors include age, gender, tobacco use, alcohol use and HPV infection. Signs may include hoarseness, sore throat, cough and difficulty swallowing. Staging involves endoscopy, imaging and biopsy. Treatment options covered are radiation therapy, surgery such as laryngectomy, and chemotherapy. Nursing care focuses on education, managing anxiety, and preparing the patient for post-operative communication changes.
This document discusses occupational lung diseases, including sarcoidosis and pneumoconiosis. Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that causes granulomas (lumps) in the lungs and lymph nodes, and is more common in African Americans, women, and those aged 20-40. Pneumoconiosis refers to fibrotic lung disease caused by inhaling mineral dusts, such as silica (silicosis), asbestos (asbestosis), or coal dust (coal worker's pneumoconiosis). Symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, and reduced lung function. Diagnosis involves exposure history, imaging, and lung biopsies. Treatment focuses on removing exposure, managing symptoms, and treating
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including:
- The four most common causes of lung masses are benign lesions, primary lung cancer, metastatic disease, and lung abscess.
- There are two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, which is most common.
- Symptoms of lung cancer can include cough, breathing problems, weight loss, chest pain, and fatigue, though early-stage cancers may be asymptomatic.
- Diagnostic tests include chest x-rays, CT scans, sputum cytology, bronchoscopy, and biopsies. Staging helps determine prognosis and treatment.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including the types, causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, staging, treatments, side effects, and nursing management. It discusses the two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC makes up about 80% of cases and includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinomas. Risk factors include smoking and environmental exposures. Signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the tumor. Diagnostic tests include imaging, biopsies, and lab tests. The TNM system is used for staging. Treatments include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, with side effects like
Lung carcinoma is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue that can spread to other organs. The main types are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. NSCLC accounts for 80-85% of cases and is linked to smoking. Diagnosis involves medical history, imaging tests like CT scans, and biopsies. Staging uses TNM classification and determines treatment options like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer including risk factors, clinical presentation, classification, investigation, and treatment. Some key points:
- Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers, with 80% of patients dying within 1 year of diagnosis. Smoking is responsible for about 90% of lung cancer cases.
- Lung cancers are classified based on tumor size (T stage) and lymph node involvement (N stage). Investigations include imaging like CT scans and PET scans as well as biopsies and staging tests.
- Treatment depends on cancer stage but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. The goal of surgery is to remove the cancer while conserving healthy
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Smoking is responsible for 85-90% of lung cancer cases and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked daily and lifetime duration of smoking. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which makes up about 80% of cases, and small cell lung cancer. Symptoms vary but may include cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and chest pain. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or palliative care.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Smoking is responsible for 85-90% of lung cancer cases and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked daily and lifetime duration of smoking. The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which makes up about 80% of cases, and small cell lung cancer. Symptoms vary but may include cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and chest pain. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or palliative care.
This document provides information about laryngeal cancer including its definition, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, and treatment. It defines laryngeal cancer as a malignant tumor that forms in the larynx (voice box) and discusses the anatomy and functions of the larynx. Risk factors include age, gender, tobacco use, alcohol use and HPV infection. Signs may include hoarseness, sore throat, cough and difficulty swallowing. Staging involves endoscopy, imaging and biopsy. Treatment options covered are radiation therapy, surgery such as laryngectomy, and chemotherapy. Nursing care focuses on education, managing anxiety, and preparing the patient for post-operative communication changes.
- Bronchogenic carcinoma arises from the bronchial epithelium or mucous glands.
- It is the most common cause of cancer death in men and the second most common cause in women.
- Risk factors include cigarette smoking, radon gas, asbestos, air pollution, and genetics.
- Types include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.
- Cancer can spread directly, via lymphatics, or hematogenously to sites like the liver, bone, and brain.
- Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the US, with an estimated 215,000 new cases and 162,000 deaths in 2008. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of cases, while small cell lung cancer (SCLC) makes up 20%.
- Smoking is the greatest risk factor, responsible for 87% of lung cancer deaths. Other risk factors include exposure to radon, asbestos, or other gases/particles. Symptoms vary depending on location and stage of cancer but often include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves imaging tests, sputum/biopsy analysis, and functional testing to evaluate treatment eligibility
This document summarizes a presentation on diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), and lung tumors by Dr. Muhammad Zeeshan Marwat. It covers the definition, classification, stages, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment, and prognosis of DPLD. It also discusses the definition, clinical presentation, and treatment of LAM. Finally, it examines the types, subtypes, causes/risk factors, clinical presentation, investigation, staging, treatment, and prognosis of lung tumors.
- A 60 year old smoker presented for a routine physical and was found to have an abnormality on chest x-ray
- The next appropriate test would be a CT scan of the chest with IV contrast to further characterize any lung lesions found on CXR
- A CT-guided biopsy would not be the next test, as further imaging is needed first to identify and stage any potential lung cancer before invasive testing
The best answer is A) CT chest with IV contrast to further evaluate and characterize any lung abnormalities found on CXR before considering an invasive biopsy.
This study analyzed 747 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosed between 1996-2003 at hospitals in Egypt. Most patients were males between 40-60 years old living in industrial areas. The main presenting symptoms were dyspnea and chest pain. Asbestos exposure was identified as the primary risk factor. Diagnosis was typically made via biopsy and patients had poor prognosis, surviving on average 12 months after diagnosis. The study concluded that mesothelioma is increasing in Egypt likely due to asbestos exposure and recommended preventative measures to reduce asbestos pollution.
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. There are two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC accounts for around 85% of cases. The main risk factor is cigarette smoking, which causes over 70% of lung cancers. Symptoms may include cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of cancer, and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Physiotherapy plays an important role in lung cancer management through techniques such as breathing exercises, postural drainage, chest percussion, and exercise training to
- Lung tumors can be benign or malignant, and may be primary tumors arising in the lungs or metastases from other sites.
- The majority of lung cancers are caused by inhaled carcinogens like cigarette smoke and are classified as small cell lung cancer or non-small cell lung cancer.
- Symptoms often present late and include cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and chest or shoulder pain. Diagnosis involves history, imaging tests, and biopsy.
- Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination. Nursing focuses on managing symptoms and complications to maximize patient comfort and quality of life.
Respiratory Complication Of Rheumatic Diseasedrmomusa
This document discusses respiratory complications of rheumatic diseases. It covers causes of diffuse parenchymal lung disease including infections, drugs, and connective tissue diseases. Clinical evaluation involves assessing symptoms, signs, imaging like HRCT, lung function tests, and biopsies. Specific lung manifestations are discussed for diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, and scleroderma. Drugs that can cause interstitial lung disease or other pulmonary complications are also outlined. Future areas of research are mentioned.
Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Your lungs are two spongy organs in your chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Smoking is responsible for about 90% of lung cancer cases. The risk of lung cancer is greatly increased in current or former smokers. Screening with low-dose CT is recommended for those aged 55-80 with a significant smoking history. The main types of lung cancer are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Symptoms vary depending on the location and size of the tumor but may include cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, and weight loss. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Prognosis depends on the stage of cancer at diagnosis.
Lung cancer accounts for about 6.8% of malignancies in India. Risk factors include cigarette smoking as well as exposure to radioactive isotopes, polycyclic hydrocarbons, and other chemicals. Symptoms may include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnostic tests include x-ray, CT scan, PET scan, and biopsy. Treatment involves surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. Nursing care focuses on managing symptoms, promoting effective breathing and nutrition, providing psychological support, and health education.
This document provides an overview of pneumothorax, including:
- Classification as spontaneous (primary or secondary), traumatic, or iatrogenic
- Risk factors like smoking, COPD, and connective tissue diseases for secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
- Pathophysiology involving bleb/bullae rupture and air migration into the pleural space
- Clinical features like chest pain and shortness of breath, and radiological findings on CXR and CT scans
- Management approaches like chest tube insertion, pleurodesis, and VATS for recurrent or large pneumothoraces.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: TUMORS OF LUNG & PLEURAVijay Shankar
1) Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide, with smoking responsible for 80% of cases.
2) The main types of lung tumors are carcinomas (90-95%), including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.
3) Risk factors for lung cancer include smoking tobacco, exposure to industrial hazards like asbestos, radon, and air pollution from sources such as indoor burning of coal.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including:
1) It describes the two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer - and the most common subtypes.
2) Risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, staging, and treatments are discussed.
3) Post-op complications can include issues like respiratory failure, bleeding, and infection that nurses must monitor for.
This document discusses esophageal cancer, including:
- It remains the 6th most common malignancy and rates vary globally. Squamous cell carcinoma is most common.
- Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, hot liquids and micronutrient deficiencies. Barrett's esophagus increases adenocarcinoma risk.
- Symptoms depend on location and stage but include dysphagia, weight loss, pain and cough.
- Diagnostic tools include endoscopy, CT, PET, MRI and EUS to determine stage.
- Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery depending on location and stage. Surgical techniques include transhiatal, Ivor Lewis and minimally invasive approaches.
Lung cancer is usually seen in males and smoking females over 50. Smoking cigarettes is the primary risk factor, with factors like number smoked and tar/nicotine content increasing risk. Other risks include secondhand smoke, asbestos, radon and arsenic exposure. Lung cancers are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Symptoms often only appear once cancer has metastasized and can include coughing, wheezing and weight loss. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and biopsies. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and
Asbestos - Environmental Health - What to know?.pptxMuhammad Mozaik
This was an assignment in the second semester of Public Health school, that we had been given to talk about toxic materials and their effects on Health.
I chose the color Blue in these slides, to match it with Blue Asbestos.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer including:
- Definitions of terms like immobility and mobility.
- Epidemiology statistics on lung cancer prevalence.
- Risk factors like smoking, air pollution, and family history.
- Types of lung cancer including small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer.
- Stages of lung cancer from localized to metastatic.
- Signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, complications, and medical treatments which may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or experimental therapies.
Laryngeal cancer occurs when malignant cells form in the larynx and grow uncontrollably. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common form. Key risk factors include smoking and alcohol consumption. A team of specialists is involved in diagnosing and staging the cancer, and developing a treatment plan. This multidisciplinary team may include ENT surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, speech therapists and others to help address all aspects of care for the patient.
- Bronchogenic carcinoma arises from the bronchial epithelium or mucous glands.
- It is the most common cause of cancer death in men and the second most common cause in women.
- Risk factors include cigarette smoking, radon gas, asbestos, air pollution, and genetics.
- Types include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.
- Cancer can spread directly, via lymphatics, or hematogenously to sites like the liver, bone, and brain.
- Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the US, with an estimated 215,000 new cases and 162,000 deaths in 2008. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of cases, while small cell lung cancer (SCLC) makes up 20%.
- Smoking is the greatest risk factor, responsible for 87% of lung cancer deaths. Other risk factors include exposure to radon, asbestos, or other gases/particles. Symptoms vary depending on location and stage of cancer but often include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves imaging tests, sputum/biopsy analysis, and functional testing to evaluate treatment eligibility
This document summarizes a presentation on diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), and lung tumors by Dr. Muhammad Zeeshan Marwat. It covers the definition, classification, stages, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment, and prognosis of DPLD. It also discusses the definition, clinical presentation, and treatment of LAM. Finally, it examines the types, subtypes, causes/risk factors, clinical presentation, investigation, staging, treatment, and prognosis of lung tumors.
- A 60 year old smoker presented for a routine physical and was found to have an abnormality on chest x-ray
- The next appropriate test would be a CT scan of the chest with IV contrast to further characterize any lung lesions found on CXR
- A CT-guided biopsy would not be the next test, as further imaging is needed first to identify and stage any potential lung cancer before invasive testing
The best answer is A) CT chest with IV contrast to further evaluate and characterize any lung abnormalities found on CXR before considering an invasive biopsy.
This study analyzed 747 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosed between 1996-2003 at hospitals in Egypt. Most patients were males between 40-60 years old living in industrial areas. The main presenting symptoms were dyspnea and chest pain. Asbestos exposure was identified as the primary risk factor. Diagnosis was typically made via biopsy and patients had poor prognosis, surviving on average 12 months after diagnosis. The study concluded that mesothelioma is increasing in Egypt likely due to asbestos exposure and recommended preventative measures to reduce asbestos pollution.
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. There are two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC accounts for around 85% of cases. The main risk factor is cigarette smoking, which causes over 70% of lung cancers. Symptoms may include cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of cancer, and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Physiotherapy plays an important role in lung cancer management through techniques such as breathing exercises, postural drainage, chest percussion, and exercise training to
- Lung tumors can be benign or malignant, and may be primary tumors arising in the lungs or metastases from other sites.
- The majority of lung cancers are caused by inhaled carcinogens like cigarette smoke and are classified as small cell lung cancer or non-small cell lung cancer.
- Symptoms often present late and include cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and chest or shoulder pain. Diagnosis involves history, imaging tests, and biopsy.
- Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination. Nursing focuses on managing symptoms and complications to maximize patient comfort and quality of life.
Respiratory Complication Of Rheumatic Diseasedrmomusa
This document discusses respiratory complications of rheumatic diseases. It covers causes of diffuse parenchymal lung disease including infections, drugs, and connective tissue diseases. Clinical evaluation involves assessing symptoms, signs, imaging like HRCT, lung function tests, and biopsies. Specific lung manifestations are discussed for diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, and scleroderma. Drugs that can cause interstitial lung disease or other pulmonary complications are also outlined. Future areas of research are mentioned.
Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. Your lungs are two spongy organs in your chest that take in oxygen when you inhale and release carbon dioxide when you exhale. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Smoking is responsible for about 90% of lung cancer cases. The risk of lung cancer is greatly increased in current or former smokers. Screening with low-dose CT is recommended for those aged 55-80 with a significant smoking history. The main types of lung cancer are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Symptoms vary depending on the location and size of the tumor but may include cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, and weight loss. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Prognosis depends on the stage of cancer at diagnosis.
Lung cancer accounts for about 6.8% of malignancies in India. Risk factors include cigarette smoking as well as exposure to radioactive isotopes, polycyclic hydrocarbons, and other chemicals. Symptoms may include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnostic tests include x-ray, CT scan, PET scan, and biopsy. Treatment involves surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. Nursing care focuses on managing symptoms, promoting effective breathing and nutrition, providing psychological support, and health education.
This document provides an overview of pneumothorax, including:
- Classification as spontaneous (primary or secondary), traumatic, or iatrogenic
- Risk factors like smoking, COPD, and connective tissue diseases for secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
- Pathophysiology involving bleb/bullae rupture and air migration into the pleural space
- Clinical features like chest pain and shortness of breath, and radiological findings on CXR and CT scans
- Management approaches like chest tube insertion, pleurodesis, and VATS for recurrent or large pneumothoraces.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: TUMORS OF LUNG & PLEURAVijay Shankar
1) Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide, with smoking responsible for 80% of cases.
2) The main types of lung tumors are carcinomas (90-95%), including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.
3) Risk factors for lung cancer include smoking tobacco, exposure to industrial hazards like asbestos, radon, and air pollution from sources such as indoor burning of coal.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer, including:
1) It describes the two main types of lung cancer - small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer - and the most common subtypes.
2) Risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, staging, and treatments are discussed.
3) Post-op complications can include issues like respiratory failure, bleeding, and infection that nurses must monitor for.
This document discusses esophageal cancer, including:
- It remains the 6th most common malignancy and rates vary globally. Squamous cell carcinoma is most common.
- Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, hot liquids and micronutrient deficiencies. Barrett's esophagus increases adenocarcinoma risk.
- Symptoms depend on location and stage but include dysphagia, weight loss, pain and cough.
- Diagnostic tools include endoscopy, CT, PET, MRI and EUS to determine stage.
- Treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery depending on location and stage. Surgical techniques include transhiatal, Ivor Lewis and minimally invasive approaches.
Lung cancer is usually seen in males and smoking females over 50. Smoking cigarettes is the primary risk factor, with factors like number smoked and tar/nicotine content increasing risk. Other risks include secondhand smoke, asbestos, radon and arsenic exposure. Lung cancers are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Symptoms often only appear once cancer has metastasized and can include coughing, wheezing and weight loss. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and biopsies. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and
Asbestos - Environmental Health - What to know?.pptxMuhammad Mozaik
This was an assignment in the second semester of Public Health school, that we had been given to talk about toxic materials and their effects on Health.
I chose the color Blue in these slides, to match it with Blue Asbestos.
This document provides an overview of lung cancer including:
- Definitions of terms like immobility and mobility.
- Epidemiology statistics on lung cancer prevalence.
- Risk factors like smoking, air pollution, and family history.
- Types of lung cancer including small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer.
- Stages of lung cancer from localized to metastatic.
- Signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, complications, and medical treatments which may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or experimental therapies.
Laryngeal cancer occurs when malignant cells form in the larynx and grow uncontrollably. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common form. Key risk factors include smoking and alcohol consumption. A team of specialists is involved in diagnosing and staging the cancer, and developing a treatment plan. This multidisciplinary team may include ENT surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, speech therapists and others to help address all aspects of care for the patient.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
asbestos_grem.ppt
1.
2. Learning Objectives
• What is asbestos?
• Most important route of exposure
• Populations most heavily exposed
• Diseases associated with asbestos
exposure
• Common findings on medical
evaluation
3. Learning Objectives (continued)
• Chest radiograph findings
• Pulmonary function test findings
• Other tests that can assist with
diagnosis
• Primary treatment strategies
• Instructions for patients
4. Asbestos: Description
• Asbestos is a generic term for a group
of six mineral silicates
• Asbestos fibers are:
– Very strong
– Highly flexible
– Resistant to breakdown by acid, alkali,
water, heat, and flame
– Non-biodegradable
– Environmentally persistent
5. Asbestos: Types
Serpentine
(93% of commercial use)
Amphibole
(7% of commercial use)
Chrysotile
Actinolite, Amosite,
Anthophyllite, Crocidolite,
Richterite, Tremolite
6. Asbestos: Occurrence in the United States
• Until 1975: Automobile, building
construction and shipbuilding
industries
• Until 1990: Contaminant in vermiculite
7. Asbestos: Occurrence in the United States
• Today: Exists in older homes and
commercial buildings
– problematic when loose, crumbling, or disturbed
• Today: Still used in brake pads, clutches,
roofing material, vinyl tiles, and some
cement pipes
• Naturally occurring asbestos is found in
parts of the U.S. areas in asbestos bearing
rocks. It is released:
– when disturbed
– as rocks weather
(continued)
8. Populations At Risk
Past Exposures Current Exposures
• Mechanics, construction workers,
shipyard workers, and military
personnel
• Secondary exposure in the
workplace
• Household contacts of workers
• Construction workers, mechanics
(brake pads)
• People in homes with friable
asbestos materials
• People in areas where asbestos-
bearing rock is disturbed
For information on where to find certified asbestos removal contractors
in your state, contact your local department of health or environment.
9. Asbestos Exposure Pathways
• Most common exposure pathway:
– Inhalation of fibers
• Minor pathways:
– Ingestion
– Dermal contact
10. Biologic Fate
• Asbestos bodies
• Lower airways and alveoli
• Pleural or peritoneal spaces or the
mesothelium
11. Pathogenesis
• Asbestos fibers induce pathogenic
changes via:
– Direct interaction with cellular macromolecules
– Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
– Other cell-mediated mechanisms
• These changes can lead to cell injury,
fibrosis, and possibly cancer
• Asbestos is genotoxic and carcinogenic
13. Parenchymal Asbestosis
• Diffuse interstitial fibrosis with:
– Restrictive pattern of disease on pulmonary
function testing (but can see mixed pattern)
– Impaired gas exchange
– Progressive exertional dyspnea
• Radiographic changes: >10 years
• Latency period: 20-40 years
14. Asbestos-Related Pleural Abnormalities
• Four types of abnormalities:
– Pleural plaques
– Benign asbestos pleural effusions
– Diffuse pleural thickening
– Rounded atelectasis
• Mostly asymptomatic, though some
can cause dyspnea or cough
• Latency periods: 10-30 years
(shorter latency is for pleural effusion)
15. Lung Carcinoma
• Risk depends on:
– Level, frequency, and duration of exposure
– Time elapsed since exposure
– Age at time of exposure
– Smoking history (synergistic)
– Individual susceptibility factors (under
investigation)
• Latency period: 20-30 years
16. Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
• Tumor arises from the thin serosal
membrane surrounding the lungs
• Rapidly invasive
• Rare, although incidences are
increasing
• Long latency period: Usually 30-40
years
17. Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma
• “Doughy” feeling on abdominal
palpation
• Male:female incidence is 1.5:1
(compared to 5:1 with pleural tumor)
• Rapidly invasive and rapidly fatal
• Often associated with high-dose
asbestos exposures
• Rare
18. Other Extrathoracic Cancers
• Colon cancer
• Possibly cancer of larynx, stomach,
kidney, esophagus
• Association with asbestos exposure
remains controversial
• Regular colon cancer screening for
people over age 50 years
• Screening for other extrathoracic
cancers not recommended
19. Cardiovascular Conditions
• Cor pulmonale
– Secondary to chronic lung disease
– Mainly with severe parenchymal asbestosis
• Constrictive pericarditis
– Secondary to asbestos-associated disease
– Very rare
20. Risk Factors
• Nature and extent of exposure:
– Concentration of asbestos fibers
– Duration of exposure
– Frequency of exposure
• Cigarette smoking
21. Diagnosis
• Medical evaluation of all patients should
include:
– Assessment of clinical presentation
– Exposure history
– Medical history
– Physical examination
– Chest radiograph and pulmonary function
tests
• Radiologic and laboratory testing can include:
– CT or HRCT
– BAL
– Lung biopsy (rarely needed)
22. Clinical Presentation
Disease Signs and Symptoms
Parenchymal
Asbestosis
• Insidious onset of dyspnea on exertion
• Fatigue
Asbestos-Related
Pleural
Abnormalities
• Usually: None
• Sometimes: Progressive dyspnea and intermittent
chest pain (depending on the type of pleural
abnormality)
Lung Cancer • Usually: None (until later stages)
• Sometimes: Fatigue, weight loss, or chest pain
Mesothelioma • Usually: None (until later stages)
• Sometimes: Dyspnea, chest pain, and fatigue
23. Patient History
Exposure History Medical History
• Work history
• Source, intensity, duration, and
frequency of exposure
• Time elapsed since first exposure
• Workplace dust measurements or
description of exposure scenario
• Use of personal protective equipment
• Paraoccupational exposures
• Sources of environmental exposure
• History of smoking
• History of other
conditions
Link to Taking an Exposure History CSEM and other publications in this series:
http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/csem.html
24. Physical Examination
• Focus on lungs, heart, digits, and
extremities
• Pulmonary auscultation to detect
bibasilar inspiratory rales
(not always present)
• Observation of other signs, such as
clubbing of the fingers and cyanosis
25. Pulmonary Function Tests
Disease Pulmonary Function Test Findings
Parenchymal
Asbestosis
• Reduction in FVC; normal FEV1/FVC Ratio
• Reduction in FEF (25%-75%)
• Restrictive pattern with decreased DLCO
• Or, mixed obstructive/restrictive pattern
(reduced FEV1/FVC associated with
reduced FVC)
Asbestos-Related
Pleural
Abnormalities
• Often normal
• Reduced FVC can be associated with
diffuse pleural thickening
26. Chest Radiograph Findings:
Parenchymal Asbestosis
• Small, irregular oval
opacities
• Interstitial fibrosis
• “Shaggy heart
sign”
List of certified B Readers: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pamphlet.html
27. Chest Radiograph Findings:
Asbestos-Related Pleural Abnormalities
• Pleural plaques
– Areas of pleural thickening
– Sometimes with calcification
• Pleural effusions
• Diffuse pleural thickening
– Lobulated prominence of
pleura adjacent to thoracic margin
(over ¼ of chest wall)
– Interlobar tissue thickening
• Rounded atelectasis
– Rounded pleural mass
– Bands of lung tissue radiating outwards
30. Other Tests
• CT and HRCT
• BAL and lung biopsy
• ABGs and pulse oximetry
• Colon cancer screening
31. Disease Management
Asbestos-associated
Disease Treatment Strategy
Parenchymal
Asbestosis and
Asbestos-Related
Pleural Abnormalities
• Stopping additional exposure
• Careful monitoring to facilitate early diagnosis
• Smoking cessation
• Regular influenza and pneumococcal vaccines
• Pulmonary rehabilitation as needed
• Disability assessment
• Aggressive treatment of respiratory infections
Lung Cancer and
Mesothelioma
• Early diagnosis
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation
32. Communication with the Patient
• Obtain patient’s employer contact
information to facilitate occupational
exposure prevention (OSHA mandates
PPE and medical surveillance)
• Counsel patient regarding smoking
cessation
• Have patient consult you for health changes
• Provide and review patient education and
instruction sheet with patient
33. Summary
• Asbestos exposures peaked in the United
States in 1940-1980, but continue to occur
today
• Inhalation of asbestos can lead to
– parenchymal asbestosis,
– pleural abnormalities,
– lung carcinoma, and
– mesothelioma
34. Summary (continued)
• Diagnosis involves
– exposure and medical history,
– physical examination,
– chest radiography,
– pulmonary function tests, and
– other tests as needed
35. Summary (continued)
• Management focuses on:
– Preventing further exposures
– Smoking cessation
– Monitoring to aid early detection
– Patient education
36. For More Information
• Contact CDC-INFO
– 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)
– TTY 888-232-6348
24 Hours/Day
– E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov
• CDC Emergency Response:
– 770-488-7100 - for state and local health department
assistance
• Also refer to Where can I find more information?
in the Asbestos Toxicity CSEM for a list of Web
resources and suggested readings:
http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/asbestos/index.html