The document provides an overview of the artificial manual breathing unit (ambu), detailing its history, types, indications, contraindications, and parts. It describes the techniques for using the ambu bag to ventilate patients who are not breathing adequately and highlights the reported complications associated with its use. Additionally, it includes methods for assessing the adequacy of ventilation during use.

1. Artificial Manual Breathing Unit (AMBU)
Emergency Nursing
BY Abdulkaadir Mohamud Omar

2. AMBU
• A bag valve mask (BVM), sometimes known by the proprietary name Ambu
bag or generically as a manual resuscitator or "self-inflating bag", is a hand-
held device commonly used to provide positive pressure ventilation to
patients who are not breathing or not breathing adequately.

3. HISTORY OF AMBU BAG
• Discovered in the year of 1953 by Dr. Holger Hessee (a German Engineer)
& his partner Mr. Henning Ruben ( Anesthestist ).
• The word "AMBU" came from "Ambulance "

4. Other Names:
AMBU Bag
Manual Resuscitator
Self inflating bag

5. A. M. B. U.

6. TYPES

7. • A hand held device commonly used
to provide positive pressure
ventilation to patients who are not
breathing or not breathing
adequately.
• Using ambu bag to ventilate the
patient is called " Bagging".

8. INDICATIONS:
• Respiratory Failure
• Respiratory Arrest
• In case of Ventilator failure
• Transfer of critical patients between wards.
• In between suctions

9. Contra Indications:
• Paralysis
• Complete upper Airway Obstruction

10. Techniques to provide adequate ventilation:
"EC" or "CE" technique
C-Compression
E-Elevation

11. Single Rescuer technique

12. Double Rescuer Technique

13. Parts of AMBU Bag
1. Non-rebreathing patient valve
2. Intake valve
3. Compressible self refilling ventilation bag
4. Nipple for oxygen tubing
5. Oxygen reservoir bag
6. Oxygen reservoir
7. Ambu mask
8. Oxygen extension tubing

14. Manual Resuscitator Bag Features

15. OXYGEN CONCENTRATION
SUPPLIED BY BVM UNIT ????

16. Reported Complications:
• Gastric Insuflation (Vomiting, Aspiration)
• Barotrauma (lung injury from over pressurization)
• Volutrauma (lung injury from overstretching)
• Mendelssohn's Syndrome
• Hypoventilation

17. How to assess the adequacy of ventilation?
• Observe for chest rise
• Saturation level
• Improving from cyanosis