Philippine Constitution Article 8 Sections 1 -4

1. Article VIIIJudicial Department 1

2. RECAP 2

4. The judiciary is an indispensable department of every democratic government.

5. The success of the republic will depend on the effectiveness of the courts. 3

6. “ ” After the overthrow of President Marcos in 1986, President Cory Aquino, using her emergency powers, promulgated a transitory charter known as the freedom constitution, which however, did not affect the composition and powers of the Supreme Court. The Freedom Charter was replaced by the Present Constitution, which vest Judicial Power ‘In one supreme court and in such lower courts as maybe established by law’ 4

8. Judicial power includes the duty of the courts of justice to settle actual controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable, and to determine whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part of any branch or instrumentality of the Government. 5

10. It involves the settlement of conflicting rights as conferred by law.6

12. Judicial Power vested inone Supreme Court and in Lower Courts 8

14. The members of the SC and judges of lower courts enjoy security of tenure

15. Their salaries cannot be decreased during their continuance in office

16. The Judiciary enjoys fiscal autonomy9

18. “No law shall be passed reorganizing the Judiciary when it undermines the security of tenure of its Members”10

20. “It is define as the authority by which courts take notice of and decide cases, the legal right by which judges exercise their authority.”11

23. Together with the Constitutional Commissions and the Ombudsman, they must have the independence and flexibility needed in discharge of their constitutional activities. 13

25. Chief Justice Reynato Puno 15

26. ASSOCIATE Justice LeonardoQuisumbing 16

27. ASSOCIATE Justice Consuelo Ynares Santiago 17

28. ASSOCIATE Justice AntonioCarpio 18

29. ASSOCIATE Justice Renato Corona 19

30. ASSOCIATE Justice ConchitaCarpio-Morales 20

31. ASSOCIATE Justice Minita Chico-Nazario 21

32. ASSOCIATE Justice Presibitero Velasco Jr. 22

33. ASSOCIATE Justice Antonio Eduardo Nachura 23

34. ASSOCIATE Justice Teresita Leonardo De Castro 24

35. ASSOCIATE Justice ArturoBrion 25

36. ASSOCIATE Justice Diosdado Peralta 26

37. ASSOCIATE Justice Lucas Bersamin 27

38. ASSOCIATE Justice Roberto Abad 28

39. 29

42. used to refer to the hearing of a legal case where all judges of a court will hear the case rather than a panel of them31

44. Moreover, those who did not take part in the deliberation do not have the right to vote.32

45. How many votes are needed to decide a case in division? 33