The document summarizes various printmaking techniques including relief printing, intaglio, lithography, and screenprinting. It provides examples of prominent artists who worked in each medium, such as Durer, Hiroshige, Munch, Picasso, Warhol, and Escher. Key techniques discussed include woodcut, wood engraving, etching, drypoint, mezzotint, aquatint, and lithography. Videos are also linked to demonstrate different printmaking processes.

1. Art AppreciationChapter 8Prints

2. 4 basic methodsReliefIntaglioLithographyScreenprinting

3. What is a print?Courtesy of momahttp://www.moma.org/interactives/projects/2001/whatisaprint/print.html

4. websitesColored woodblock prints in the japanese stylehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dliF74ojOho4 color woodblock print, a stamping methodhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ej0D_qxBd2wThe best video, 3 color reduction process (with Bridget Mary Henry)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSoRnKXpjU0MC Escher, doing his woodblock print of Snakeshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEQcuIRROzM

5. ReliefThe background image is cut awayThe raised areas hold ink

6. Preface to Diamond Sutra, 868, woodblock handscroll, the earliest surviving woodcut image

7. Durer, Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, 1497-98, woodcut

8. Odawara-juku in the 1830s, as depicted by Hiroshige in his series The Fifty-Three Stations of the Tōkaidō.

9. Hiroshige and Van Gogh

10. Clear Weather After Snow at Kameyama

11. The Lake at Hakone

12. FukagawaSusaki and Jūmantsubo

13. Edvard Munchhttp://romanjaster.com/edvard-munch/gallery/wood/index.htm

14. Edvard Munch, woodcut

15. Mondschein II (Moonlight II), Edvard Munch, 1902, Woodcut

16. Melancholy, Edvard Munch, 1896, Woodcut

17. Vampire, Edvard Munch, 1895-1902,Woodcut

18. Tower of Babel, M.C. Escher, 1928, woodcut

19. Snakes, M.C. Escher, 1969, woodcuthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEQcuIRROzM

20. Wood engravingUses the end grain of the boardUses harder woodMore highly detailedQuick video showing fine detailhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UzZ26udfPs0&feature=player_embedded

21. Thomas Bewick, Barn Owl, 1847, wood engraving

22. Grace Thurston Arnold Albee, The Boyer Place, 1946, wood engraving

23. Still Life with Glass Under the Lamp, Pablo Picasso, 1962, linocut

24. Chuck Close, S.P. II, 1997, linocut

25. intaglioRefers to 5 techniquesEngravingDrypointMezzotintEtchingAquatintOpposite of relief, the ink goes into the grooves on the surface.Artist makes lines or grooves into a metal plate using a sharp tool or acidThe entire surface is inked and then the plate is wiped cleanThe paper is used damp and then pressed onto the plate under pressure

26. Intaglio demohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNKn4PORGBIMC Escher Mezzotinthttp://www.mcescher.com/Film/Eschermezotintprint.mpgLithography demohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHw5_1HopscScreenprinting demohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wogKeYH2wEE

27. engravingBegan from the practice of incising designs into armorA sharp V-shaped tool called a burin is used to cut lines into a metal plateShallow cuts make a light, thin line and deeper gouges make a darker, thicker lineThe result is similar to drawingEngravings were a popular way of making reproductions of major paintings

29. The Judgement of Paris after Raphael, Raimondi, 1514-18, engraving

30. St Jerome in his Study, Durer, 1514, engraving

31. drypointSimilar to etching, except it uses a sharp pointed drypoint needle instead of a V-shaped burinThe artist draws on the metal plate similar to drawing on paper

32. drypoint

33. Woman in Cafe, Lesser Ury, 1919-21, showing the typical rich blurred line of drypoint.

34. Hard Climb, Louise Bourgeois, 1946-47, burin and drypoint

35. Edvard Munch, The Women, 1895,Drypoint on paper

36. mezzotintThis is a reverse process, working from dark to lightFirst the entire metal plate is roughened using a sharp tool called a rockerThe entire plate would make a black print at this point because the burrs hold the inkThe artist uses a burnisher (a smoothing tool) to smooth and rub out areas to create lighter values.In the lightest areas, the burrs are smoothed out entirely

37. The Jolly Flat Boat Men after George Caleb), Thomas Doney, 1847, mezzotint

38. Eye, Escher, 1946, Mezzotinthttp://www.mcescher.com/Film/Eschermezotintprint.mpg

39. EtchingThe entire plate is covered with a ground, like beeswax or asphaltThe artist draws through the ground on the plate using an etching needleThe entire plate is dipped into acidAcid eats away the linesThe ground is removedThe plate is inked and printed

40. etching

41. Christ Preaching, Rembrandt, c. 1652, etching

42. aquatintDifferent in that it does not print lines but rather areas of toneIt is good for creating value changesMost often used with another techniqueThe artist dusts the plate with powder resin in various thicknesses, then heats the plate to make the resin stickPlate is dipped into acid

43. Goya, Hasta la Muetre(until death),aquatint and etching

44. Goya, 1797-98, etching and aquatint,No 52: ¡Lo que puede un sastre!

45. Woman Bathing, Mary Cassatt, 1891, drypoint and aquatint

46. midpoint

47. lithographyMuch different that intaglio, it is a planographic processLithography artists draw onto smooth limestone surface using a greasy materialLithographic crayonTusche, a greasy inkIt works based on the idea that oil and water do not mixThe stone is treated with acid to fix the drawing in placeThen it is damped with water, the water goes to areas without greaseThe stone is inked and the ink sticks to the grease and is repelled by the watery areasLithographs are often mistaken for drawings

48. Lithography stone with it mirror image,map of Munich

49. Death and the Mother, Kathe Kollwitz, 1934, lithograph

50. The Seated Clowness, Henri de Toulouse-Letrec, color lithograph

51. La Goulue, Toulouse-Lautrec, lithograph poster,use multiple stones to reproduce images in color

52. Alphonse Mucha, Fruit, 1897, lithogrph

53. Nestle’s Food for Infants, Mucha, lithograph, 1897

54. Dance, Mucha, 1898, lithograph

56. Still Life with Spherical Mirror, Escher, 1934, lithograph

57. Reptiles, Escher, 1943, lithograph

58. Three Worlds, Escher, 1955, lithograph

59. Hand with Reflecting Sphere,Escher, 1935, lithograph

60. Edvard Munch, self-portrait, lithograph

61. Edvard Munch, Madonna, 1895-1902Lithograph

62. ScreenprintingThe artist uses a screenTraditionally silkSilkscreenSerigraphyThey block out certain areas that are not meant to be printedUsing various methods and materialsPlace the screen over paper and force ink thru the screen using a squegeeTo use multiple colors, a screen is prepared for each color and the paper is registered for each printing

63. Untitled from Maryilyn Monroe, Andy Warhol, 1967, screenprint

64. Self-portrait, Andy Warhol, 1966, silkscreen on 9 canvases

65. Retroactive I, Robert Rauschenberg, 1964, oil and silkscreen on canvas

66. What Appropriation Has Given Me, Chagoya, 1992, serigraph

67. GumiringGarkman, Lin Onis, 1994,Screenprint on Paper

68. Goonya Na Bilda, Lin Onus, 1994,Screenprint on paper,

69. Monotype &MonoprintMonotype uses ink on a simple featureless surface (can be copper plate or acrylic glass, ect) then transferred onto paper or canvasplates are re-inked every time resulting in unique individual printsMonoprintUses ink on a plate with permanent markings on it such as texture or incised linesPlates are re-inked with each print, resulting in a unique coloring with a common theme A second print is sometimes called a ghost print

70. Bastille Day, Prendergast, 1892, monotype in oil colors

71. End of chapter 8